CN104387559A - 半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚及其制备方法 - Google Patents

半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104387559A
CN104387559A CN201410707357.3A CN201410707357A CN104387559A CN 104387559 A CN104387559 A CN 104387559A CN 201410707357 A CN201410707357 A CN 201410707357A CN 104387559 A CN104387559 A CN 104387559A
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徐业峰
殷晓峰
李明友
张佳佳
朱文静
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Shandong Inov New Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚及其制备方法，A组份为，以重量份数计，原料组成如下：聚醚多元醇A：20-30；聚醚多元醇B：2-10；小分子醇类：2-10；聚酯多元醇：15-25；泡沫稳定剂：1.0-3.0；化学发泡剂：1-2.5；催化剂：2-5；阻燃剂：20-30；物理发泡剂：20-30；B组份为：多甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯或二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。采用本发明制得的喷涂聚氨酯泡沫成品具有开孔率高，阻燃等级高，吸音效果好，隔热效率高，氧指数高的特点，具有泡沫具有50％开孔率，30倍以上发泡倍率。对施工设备要求低，整体密度低，泡孔结构均匀，具有良好的尺寸稳定性。

Description

半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种喷涂用组合聚醚，具体涉及一种半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚及其制备方法。
背景技术
随人们环保意识的增强，近年来民众对建筑保温及噪音防治愈加关注。聚氨酯喷涂技术由于其良好的成型性能与耐候性能在建筑保温领域的应用越来越广泛。聚氨酯轻质开孔泡沫由于其多孔的结构，能将声波能通过阻尼震动转换为热能，因而具有非常优异的吸音功能，在高噪音的KTV等场所也有着广泛引用。但传统的聚氨酯硬质泡沫闭孔率基本都高于80％，其主要注重隔热效果，而传统的吸音用聚氨酯材料(聚氨酯全水喷涂技术)，其吸音效果突出，但由于其隔热效果差，同时骨架强度低，市场推广方面难度较大。在欧美一些发达国家，为取得良好的吸音隔热效果，多采用建筑外部使用硬质聚氨酯喷涂进行隔热处理，建筑内部在进行一次全水泡沫喷涂，但相应的施工量也较大。
建筑领域使用喷涂用组合聚醚，阻燃性能是影响其市场推广的关键，传统的喷涂用组合聚醚多采用加入磷酸酯类阻燃剂提高阻燃性能，聚氨酯半硬泡由于其特殊的物理结构，也能获得不错的阻燃性能，现根据估价GB8624-2007的硬性规定，建筑用保温隔热材料的阻燃等级必须达到B级，氧指数26以上。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚及其制备方法，采用该组合聚醚制得的喷涂聚氨酯泡沫成品具有开孔率高，阻燃等级高，吸音效果好，隔热效率高，氧指数高的特点，同时具有30倍以上发泡倍率，环保，产品各项指标达到标准要求。
本发明所述的半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚，由A组分和B组分构成，其中：
A组份为，以重量份数计，原料组成如下：
B组份为：
多甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯或二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
所述聚醚多元醇A为3-4官能度，分子量为450-600的聚醚多元醇，优选聚醚多元醇4110或聚醚多元醇220，聚醚多元醇4110的生产厂家为山东蓝星东大化工有限责任公司，聚醚多元醇220的生产厂家为江苏绿源新材料有限公司。
所述聚醚多元醇B为2-3官能度，分子量为3400-5100的聚醚多元醇，优选聚醚多元醇EP330N，聚醚多元醇EP330N的生产厂家为淄博德信联邦化工公司。
所述小分子醇类的官能度3，分子量为1100的聚醚多元醇。优选TEA，TEA的生产厂家为抚顺佳化化工有限公司。
所述聚酯多元醇为2官能度，分子量为300-400的低酸值聚酯多元醇。优选6255。6255的生产厂家为江苏富菱化工有限公司。
所述泡沫稳定剂是为非水解硅碳类表面活性剂，优选开孔硅油，更优选AK6688，AK6688的生产厂家为江苏美思德化学股份有限公司。泡沫稳定剂具有一定的开孔性能，
所述化学发泡剂为水。
阻燃剂为添加型卤代磷酸酯类阻燃剂。阻燃剂优选TCEP，TCEP的生产厂家为江苏雅克化工有限公司。
所述催化剂体系为叔胺类催化剂与有机金属催化剂复配。
催化体系优选甲基二乙烯三胺(PC5)、亚乙基二胺的乙二醇溶液(A33)、二月桂酸二丁基锡(T-12)和异辛酸钾(CA50)。其中，甲基二乙烯三胺(PC5)、亚乙基二胺的乙二醇溶液(A33)为叔胺类催化剂；二月桂酸二丁基锡(T-12)和异辛酸钾(CA50)为有机金属催化剂。
五甲基二乙烯三胺、三亚乙基二胺的乙二醇溶液、二月桂酸二丁基锡和异辛酸钾质量比为：0.5-1:0.5-1:0.1-0.5:0.3-0.9。
所述物理发泡剂为HFC-365mfc(1，1，1，3，3-五氟丁烷)和HFC-245fa(1，1，1，3，3-五氟丙烷)的混合物HFC-365/245，其中HFC-365mfc的质量含量为30％，HFC-245fa的质量含量为70％。
HFC-365mfc和HFC-245fa的混合物。其中，HFC-245fa(1，1，1，3，3-五氟丙烷)沸点15.3℃，属于无氟环保型发泡剂，发出的泡沫强度较高；365mfc(1，1，1，3，3-五氟丁烷)沸点40.2℃，属于第三代发泡剂，其ODP＝0，混合物HFC-365/245沸点适中，发出的泡沫泡孔细腻，泡沫内部强度较高，故用其所生产的组合聚醚属于无氟型环保组合聚醚，整个生产过程无对环境污染的排放物，用异氰酸酯与此组合聚醚反应，所制得泡沫具有泡孔细腻，骨架强度高的特点，在节能降耗方面将会起到积极的推进作用；同时该产品生产周期短、效率高、耗能低。
本发明利用泡沫稳定剂提高泡沫开孔率，利用聚醚多元醇B提高制品的韧性，利用聚醚多元醇A和阻燃剂提供阻燃性能及骨架强度，利用HFC-365mfc(1，1，1，3，3-五氟丁烷)和HFC-245fa(1，1，1，3，3-五氟丙烷)的混合物为物理发泡剂配置环保型喷涂用组合聚醚，在达到环保的要求。
半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚的制备方法：
制备A组份料：将称量好的聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B、小分子醇类、聚酯多元醇、泡沫稳定剂、化学发泡剂、催化剂、阻燃剂和物理发泡剂，依次加入反应釜中，在常温下搅拌0.5小时，即可装桶；
B组分料为多甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯或二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯，直接装桶。
使用时，将A、B组份料按A:B＝100:100的重量配比混合制成半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚。
A组分料生产方便，使用AB组分，利用喷涂发泡机进行施工利用HFC-365mfc(1，1，1，3，3-五氟丁烷)和HFC-245fa(1，1，1，3，3-五氟丙烷)的混合物HFC-365/245的混合物为物理发泡剂，取代了传统喷涂型组合聚醚中使用的141b(一氟二氯乙烷)，环保效应较好。
采用本发明的组合聚醚制备的喷涂聚氨酯泡沫成品达到以下质量指标：
与现有技术相比，具有以下有益效果：
采用本发明制得的喷涂聚氨酯泡沫成品具有开孔率高，阻燃等级高，吸音效果好，隔热效率高，氧指数高的特点，具有泡沫具有50％开孔率，30倍以上发泡倍率。对施工设备要求低，通过喷涂机喷涂发泡，整体密度低，泡孔结构均匀，具有良好的尺寸稳定性，抗压强度高于普通的全水泡沫，利用该喷涂用组合聚醚制得的成品各项指标达到标准要求。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例说明本发明，但不限定本发明。
实施例1
在1吨反应容器内制备A组份料：
聚醚多元醇4110：25份，聚醚多元醇EP330N：5份，小分子醇类TEA：2份，聚酯多元醇6255：17份，硅油AK6688：1.5份，化学发泡剂H2O：2份，PC5：1份，A33：0.8份，T-12：0.2份，CA50：0.5份，阻燃剂TCEP：24份，HFC-365mfc和HFC-245fa的混合物HFC-365/245：21份。
A组份料的准备方法：
将称量好的上述聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B、小分子醇类、聚酯多元醇、泡沫稳定剂、化学发泡剂、催化剂、阻燃剂和物理发泡剂，依次加入反应釜中，在常温下搅拌0.5小时，即得A组份合格产品，从反应釜中取出装桶入库。
B组份料：多甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯；
将A、B组份料按A:B＝100:100重量配比混合制成半开孔的吸音保温聚氨酯泡沫，测试产品质量指标。半开孔的吸音保温聚氨酯泡沫，满足工艺参数，达到质量标准。
实施例2
在1吨反应容器内制备A组份料:
分别称量：聚醚多元醇220：21份，聚醚多元醇EP330N：2份，小分子醇类TEA：2.5份，聚酯多元醇6255：20份，硅油AK6688：1.5份，化学发泡剂H2O：1份，PC5：1.1份，A33：1份，T-12：0.3份，CA50：0.6份，阻燃剂TCEP：27份，HFC-365mfc和HFC-245fa的混合物HFC-365/245：22份。
A组份料的制备步骤：将称量好的聚醚多元醇、小分子醇类聚酯多元醇、泡沫稳定剂、化学发泡剂、催化剂、物理发泡剂，阻燃剂，依次加入反应釜中，在常温下搅拌0.5小时，即得A组份合格产品，从反应釜中取出装桶入库。
B组份料：多甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯
将A、B组份料按A:B＝100:100重量配比混合制成半开孔的吸音保温聚氨酯泡沫，经测试确定产品质量指标。半开孔的吸音保温聚氨酯泡沫，满足工艺参数，达到质量标准。

Claims (10)

1.一种半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚，其特征在于由A组分和B组分构成，其中：
A组份为，以重量份数计，原料组成如下：
B组份为：
多甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯或二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
2.根据权利要求1所述半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚，其特征是：所述聚醚多元醇A为3-4官能度，分子量为450-550的聚醚多元醇；所述聚醚多元醇B为2-3官能度，分子量为3400-5100的聚醚多元醇。
3.根据权利要求1所述半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚，其特征是：所述小分子醇类的官能度3，分子量为1100的聚醚多元醇。
4.根据权利要求1所述半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚，其特征是：所述聚酯多元醇为2官能度，分子量为300-400的低酸值聚酯多元醇。
5.根据权利要求1所述半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚，其特征是：所述泡沫稳定剂是为非水解硅碳类表面活性剂；所述化学发泡剂为水；阻燃剂为添加型卤代磷酸酯类阻燃剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚，其特征是：所述催化剂体系为叔胺类催化剂与有机金属催化剂复配。
7.根据权利要求6所述半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚，其特征是：催化体系为五甲基二乙烯三胺、三亚乙基二胺的乙二醇溶液、二月桂酸二丁基锡和异辛酸钾。
8.根据权利要求7所述半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚，其特征是：五甲基二乙烯三胺、三亚乙基二胺的乙二醇溶液、二月桂酸二丁基锡和异辛酸钾质量比为：0.5-1:0.5-1:0.1-0.5:0.3-0.9。
9.根据权利要求1所述半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚，其特征是：所述物理发泡剂为HFC-365mfc和HFC-245fa的混合物HFC-365/245，其中HFC-365mfc的质量含量为30％，HFC-245fa的质量含量为70％。
10.一种权利要求1所述半开孔的吸音保温喷涂用组合聚醚的制备方法，其特征是：
制备A组份料：将称量好的聚醚多元醇A、聚醚多元醇B、小分子醇类、聚酯多元醇、泡沫稳定剂、化学发泡剂、催化剂、阻燃剂和物理发泡剂，依次加入反应釜中，在常温下搅拌0.5小时，即可装桶；
B组分料为多甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯或二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯，直接装桶。
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