CN104374743A - Turbidity sensor and turbidity measurement device - Google Patents
Turbidity sensor and turbidity measurement device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104374743A CN104374743A CN201410649079.0A CN201410649079A CN104374743A CN 104374743 A CN104374743 A CN 104374743A CN 201410649079 A CN201410649079 A CN 201410649079A CN 104374743 A CN104374743 A CN 104374743A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a turbidity sensor and belongs to the technical field of measurement of liquid parameters. The turbidity sensor comprises a shell, a light source and a photoelectric receiving module, wherein the shell is a barrel-shaped shell with a planar bottom surface; the light source is arranged on the inner side of the side wall of the shell and close to the bottom surface of the shell and is capable of emitting parallel light to the bottom surface; an included angle formed between the parallel light and the bottom surface of the shell is 20 degrees; two transparent window mirrors, namely a first window mirror and a second window mirror, which are successively arranged along the light outgoing direction of the light source, are embedded into the bottom surface of the shell; the first window mirror is arranged at the intersection point between light emitted by the light source and the bottom surface of the shell; the photoelectric receiving module comprises two photoelectric detectors, namely a first photoelectric detector and a second photoelectric detector, which are arranged in the inner space of the shell and are used for detecting the density of light incoming from the first window mirror and the second window mirror and perpendicular to the parallel light emitted by the light source, respectively. The invention also discloses a turbidity measurement device. The turbidity sensor and the turbidity measurement device have the advantages of simple structural design, high accuracy and wide measurement range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of turbidity transducer, particularly relate to a kind of turbidity transducer based on scattered light mensuration, belong to liquid parameter field of measuring technique.
Background technology
The turbidity of water is the impurity such as difformity in water, size, the suspension of proportion, microorganism and colloidal material to the one reflection of the absorption of light and scattering process, is a kind of optical property of water sample.Along with the raising day by day of people's living standard, and the growing interest to life and health, physical environment, the monitoring for water turbidity is more and more subject to people's attention.Turbidity is not only one of important indicator weighing water quality good degree, and is the important evidence investigating water treatment efficiency.Therefore, to the on-line checkingi of water turbidity, there is very important realistic meaning.
According to the measuring principle of turbidity, the detection method of turbidity can be divided into two kinds, and one is transmission light measurements method, and another kind is scattered light mensuration.Wherein scattered light mensuration can be divided into again sample inscattering method and sample surfaces scattering method.Turbidimetry international standard ISO7027 and EPA standard EPA180.1 utilize the measurement of sample inscattering method to become 90 with incident light direction exactly
.the scattered light intensity at angle determines turbidity value.This its linearity of turbidimetry method is good, and measuring accuracy is high, but due to can rescattering be produced when high concentrtion is measured, 90
.scattered light on direction can not correctly reflect its turbidity, enters and measures blind area, so the scope of this measuring method is generally at 0 ~ 200NTU.Surface scattering method only need measure the scattered light on the shallow surface of sample, and incident light, without the need to transmitting for a long time in sample, thus has larger measurement range, can reach more than 1000NTU, and also better at gamut internal linear degree.It is generally acknowledged, scattering-light turbidity measuring instrument more meets the definition of turbidity principle, and it is more accurate to the measurement in low turbidity situation in application, and scattering-light turbidity measuring instrument is more reasonable relative to transmission-light turbidity measuring instrument.
In recent years, surface scattering method is subject to the people's attention because of its advantage.Also have in prior art and carry out by surface scattering method the turbidity transducer that detects.Such as Chinese patent CN1087425A discloses a kind of turbidimeter, surface scattering method is utilized to carry out Turbidity measurement exactly, it comprises water sampler, cleaning device, light source, condenser, photelectric receiver, signal transacting and display circuit, water sampler is a upright drum, a cover bucket being with water delivering orifice is had at this drum the upper half, a sealing bearing is installed by central authorities at the bottom of drum, matches with the main shaft of automatic flushing device.During measurement, testing liquid flows into upright drum through water inlet and forms a smooth minute surface at bung, then overflows drum and enters cover bucket and flowed out by water delivering orifice.Light source and photodetector are arranged on above upright drum, and both become 90
.angle.The advantage of this structural design is light source and opto-electronic receiver module and testing liquid is contactless, the contamination phenomenon of receive optical window can be avoided, but there is requirement to the flow velocity of testing liquid, flow velocity can cause the fluid level formed to produce fluctuation too soon, the position of scattered light can change, such photoelectric detector to scattered light intensity will change, affect measurement accuracy.The structure installment more complicated of whole device, can not meet the requirement of miniaturization, portability.Further, above-mentioned defect ubiquity in the existing turbidimeter designed based on surface scattering method.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to overcome prior art deficiency, a kind of turbidity transducer and turbidity meter are provided, the metering system adopting sample inscattering method and sample surfaces scattering method to combine, has the advantage that structural design is simple, precision is accurate, measurement range is wide.
Turbidity transducer of the present invention comprises housing, light source, opto-electronic receiver module, and described housing is the barrel cover with a planar bottom surface; Described light source is arranged at inside the housing sidewall near described bottom surface, can be the directional light of 20 ° to the angle of described bottom-emissive and described bottom surface; Described bottom surface is embedded with two transparency window mirrors of arranging successively along light source emergent light direction: the first window mirror, the second window mirror, wherein the first window mirror is positioned at the point of intersection of the light emitted line of light source and bottom surface; Described opto-electronic receiver module comprises two photodetectors be arranged in described enclosure interior space: the first photodetector, the second photodetector, is respectively used to the light intensity vertical with light source institute emitting parallel light detecting to enter from the first window mirror, the second window mirror.
Preferably, the angle between the housing sidewall at light source place and described bottom surface is 70 °, and the directional light launched of light source is perpendicular to the housing sidewall at light source place.
Further, light path and the centre of light path between the first window mirror and the first photoelectric detector between light source and the first window mirror, and first light path between window mirror and the first photoelectric detector and the centre of light path between the second window mirror and the second photoelectric detector, be respectively arranged with the baffle plate preventing optical crosstalk.
Turbidity meter of the present invention, comprise turbidity transducer and signal processing module, described turbidity transducer is turbidity transducer described in above arbitrary technical scheme, described first photodetector, the second photodetector are electrically connected with described signal processing module respectively, described signal processing module can utilize sample surfaces scattering method to process the signal that the first photodetector exports, obtain the first turbidity value, simultaneously, utilize sample inscattering method to process the signal that the second photodetector exports, obtain the second turbidity value.
Preferably, described signal processing module can select one in accordance with the following methods as the turbidity value finally exported from the first turbidity value, the second turbidity value: as the first turbidity value, the second turbidity value are all less than 200NTU, then using the second turbidity value as the final turbidity value exported, otherwise, using the first turbidity value as the final turbidity value exported.
Compared to existing technology, technical solution of the present invention and further improvement opportunity scheme thereof have following beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts unique structural design, be made of one formula structure based on the light path module of the turbidity transducer of surface scattering method and the separate type of testing sample in the past, so just enormously simplify the overall construction design of turbidimeter, without the need to fixed installation, there is the advantage of miniaturization, portability;
The metering system that the present invention adopts sample inscattering method and surface scattering method to combine, sample inscattering method is selected when low turbidity (0 ~ 200NTU) is measured, surface scattering method is selected when high concentrtion (200 NTU ~) is measured, energy automatic switching range, improve the accuracy of measurement result, increase the range of measurement mechanism;
The end face that turbidity transducer of the present invention contacts with testing liquid have employed inclined design further, testing liquid liquid fluctuating and bubble can be eliminated to measuring the harmful effect produced, effective raising measuring accuracy, is also convenient to the installation and debugging of light source and photoelectric detector simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of turbidity meter of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of another embodiment of turbidity meter of the present invention;
In figure, each label implication is as follows:
1: housing; 2: signal processing module; 3: support; 4: light activated element; 5: plus lens; 6: window mirror; 7: window mirror; 8: collimation lens; 9:LED light source; 10: plus lens; 11: light activated element; 12: output line; 13: water seal plug; 14: baffle plate; 15: baffle plate; 16: housing bottom surface.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail:
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of turbidity meter of the present invention, and this measurement mechanism comprises turbidity transducer and signal processing module.As shown in Figure 1, turbidity transducer comprises the housing 1 of a tubbiness, and housing 1 can be barrel-shaped or square tubbiness, and its top can be opened wide also can be airtight.The housing bottom surface 16 of the present embodiment middle shell 1 is vertical with housing sidewall, and the inside sidewalls of housing 1 near bottom surface 16 is provided with LED light source 9; LED light source 9 is provided with collimation lens 8 above, and optical alignment LED light source 9 can launched is directional light (in figure, dotted line is depicted as light path) directive housing bottom surface 16, and the angle between directional light and housing bottom surface 16 is 20 °.As shown in Figure 1, housing bottom surface 16 is embedded with the window mirror that two two of arranging successively along light source emergent light direction are transparent: window mirror 7 and window mirror 6, wherein, window mirror 7 apart from LED light source 9 comparatively near and can make LED light source 9 launches and through collimation lens 8 collimation directional light through.The inside of housing 1 is fixed with support 3, is fixed with two photodetectors below support 3, and a photodetector is positioned at above window mirror 6, is made up of light activated element 4 and the plus lens 5 be fixed on before light activated element 4; Another photodetector is positioned at above window mirror 7, is made up of light activated element 11 and the plus lens 10 be fixed on before light activated element 11; The minute surface of plus lens 5 and plus lens 10 all with LED light source 9 to launch and the directional light collimated through collimation lens 8 is parallel, such light activated element 4 and light activated element 11 can receive 90 ° of scattered lights by window mirror 6, window mirror 7 incidence respectively, and light intensity signal are converted to electric signal output.Between the directional light sent to prevent light source and the 90 ° of scattered lights injected from window mirror 7, between the 90 ° of scattered lights injected from window mirror 7 and the 90 ° of scattered lights injected from window mirror 6, and the mutual crosstalk of other parasitic light, thus improving measurement accuracy further, the present invention is respectively equipped with light barrier 14, light barrier 15 between LED light source 9 and light activated element 11, between light activated element 11 and light activated element 4.In the present embodiment, signal processing module 2 is integrated in housing 1 inside, as shown in the figure, be fixed on above support 3, the signal that light activated element 11 exports with light activated element 4 can be received respectively, and utilize sample surfaces scattering method respectively, sample inscattering method carries out signal transacting calculating, thus obtains the measured value of two Measurement channel.In the present embodiment, signal processing module 2 also carries out data communication by output line 12 and outside miscellaneous equipment, output line 12 is drawn by the water seal plug 13 being arranged at housing 1 upper cover, the watertightness of housing 1 inside can be ensured, certainly, it is outside that signal processing module 2 also can be placed in housing 1, obtains by wired or wireless mode the two paths of signals that light activated element 11 collects with light activated element 4.In addition, for the ease of debugging and the maintenance of optical module and circuit module, the bottom of the housing 1 in the present embodiment and top are dismountable two parts, such as, can adopt mode or other modes of spiral marking connection.
When using this measurement mechanism to carry out liquid turbidity measurement, testing liquid is immersed in housing 1 bottom, as shown in Figure 1, LED light source 9 launch and through collimation lens 8 collimate directional light inject liquid through window mirror 7,90 ° of scattered lights of liquid surface enter in housing 1 via window mirror 7, are received after plus lens 10 converges by light activated element 11; The directional light injecting liquid internal continues to advance forward, and 90 ° of scattered lights of liquid internal enter in housing 1 via window mirror 6, is received after plus lens 5 converges by light activated element 4.Theoretical according to scattered light, the scattering of particle to light of different-grain diameter is different, and only has the scattered light intensity at a right angle with incident light to be identical for the particle of different-grain diameter, and scattered light intensity and turbidity value linear.In addition, the incident angle of light based on the turbidity transducer of surface scattering method wants large, receives angular little, and the linearity of such turbidity transducer is better, and degree of accuracy is also high.The angle of the directional light sent due to light source and housing bottom surface 16 is 20 °, the angle of light then entering window mirror 7 times testing liquid surfaces is 70 °, acceptance angle is 160 °, both are in 90 °, meet large angle incidence, the principle that low-angle receives, can improve the linearity of surface scattering method, improves the accuracy of turbidimetry.
The two paths of signals that light activated element 11 and light activated element 4 collect sends into signal processing module 2 respectively, signal processing module 2 utilizes existing sample surfaces scattering method to carry out computing to the signal that light activated element 11 collects, and can obtain the turbidity measurement based on surface scattering measuring method; In like manner, signal processing module 2 utilizes existing sample inscattering method to carry out computing to the signal that light activated element 4 collects, and can obtain the turbidity measurement based on inscattering measuring method.As what introduce in background technology, the linearity of inscattering turbidimetry method is good, measuring accuracy is high, but due to can rescattering be produced when high concentrtion is measured, scattered light on 90 ° of directions can not correctly reflect its turbidity, enter and measure blind area, so the scope of this measuring method is generally at 0 ~ 200NTU; And surface scattering method only need measure the scattered light on the shallow surface of sample, incident light, without the need to transmitting for a long time in sample, thus has larger measurement range, can reach more than 1000NTU, and also better at gamut internal linear degree.Therefore, can 200NTU be that signalling channel selects threshold value, thus select best Measurement channel according to actual conditions.If the approximate range of precognition testing liquid turbidity, then user directly selects to open and the Measurement channel of Output rusults by the host computer that is connected with this measurement mechanism or the Measurement channel selector switch be arranged in measurement mechanism of the present invention, the electric quantity consumption of turbidity transducer can be reduced, extend working time, such as, as predicted the turbidity of testing liquid greatly within the scope of 0 ~ 100NTU, then the signal that can directly make signal processing module 2 only obtain light activated element 4 collection in measuring process carries out processing and exporting; As higher in predicted testing liquid turbidity, far more than 200NTU, then the signal that can directly make signal processing module 2 only obtain light activated element 11 collection in measuring process carries out processing and exporting.But, the turbidity scope of testing liquid cannot be predicted under most measurement environment, for this reason, Measurement channel option program is preset with in signal processing module 2 of the present invention, can measured value more accurately be selected wherein to export according to the measured value of two Measurement channel adaptively, concrete system of selection is as follows: as two Measurement channel the turbidity value that calculates all be less than 200NTU, then using the turbidity value obtained according to the signal transacting of light activated element 4 as the final turbidity value exported, otherwise, using the turbidity value obtained according to the signal transacting of light activated element 11 as the final turbidity value exported.Sample inscattering method involved by above data handling procedure and sample surfaces scattering method are prior art, for saving space, repeat no more herein.
Window mirror 6 in the present embodiment, window mirror 7 preferably organic glass are made, and its transmittance can up to 92.8%, electrical insulating property, resistance to diluted acid, alkali, grease, physical strength and toughness good, easy dyeing and machining.Preferred about the 860nm of emission wavelength of LED light source 9, can eliminate the impact of liquid colourity on turbidimetry like this.Light activated element 4, light activated element 11 preferably adopt photodiode, and its sensitivity crest is at about 860nm, and light source matches, and can more effectively detect faint scattered light signal, improve measuring accuracy.
Although the turbidity transducer structure of Fig. 1 is measured while achieving and realizing sample inscattering method and sample surfaces scattering method two Measurement channel by simple structure, but, because program middle shell bottom surface is vertical with housing sidewall, on the one hand, when sensor housing vertically enters in testing liquid, can produce bubble under housing bottom surface, the existence of these bubbles can affect the measurement result of two Measurement channel, causes final side amount result to occur error; On the other hand, the angle limits met required for light source part and light-receiving member, brings the inconvenience of installation and maintenance.
For this reason, the present invention also been proposed a kind of preferred version adopting inclined-plane housing design, and its structure as shown in Figure 2.The difference of the program and Fig. 1 is, LED light source 9 to launch and through directional light direction that collimation lens 8 collimates perpendicular to the sidewall of housing 1, the angle simultaneously between the bottom surface 16 of housing 1 and LED light source 9 place sidewall
it is 70 °, like this, the angle of directional light and housing bottom surface 16 is similarly 20 °, the angle of light then entering window mirror 7 times testing liquid surfaces is 70 °, and acceptance angle is 160 °, and both are in 90 °, meet large angle incidence, the principle that low-angle receives, can improve the linearity of surface scattering method, improves the accuracy of turbidimetry.Receive 90 ° of scattered lights, as long as the minute surface of plus lens 5 and plus lens 10 is perpendicular to housing sidewall.In the present embodiment, remainder is all identical with a upper embodiment, repeats no more herein.
Adopt the structural design of the present embodiment, turbidity transducer housing bottom surface is an inclined-plane, when immersing testing liquid and carrying out turbidimetry, adhere to if any bubble, the pressure of liquid can force bubble upwards to be discharged along inclined-plane, thus effectively reduce the interference that bubble brings in measuring process, improve measuring accuracy.In addition, adopt this kind of structural design, inner light source part and the installation and maintenance of light-receiving member also more convenient.
Present invention employs unique structural design, formula structure will be made of one based on the light path module of the turbidity transducer of surface scattering method and the separate type of testing sample in the past, so just enormously simplify the overall construction design of turbidimeter, without the need to fixed installation, there is the advantage of miniaturization, portability; Its housing head end adopts the inclined design becoming 70 ° of angles with surface level, facilitates the installation and debugging of light source and photoelectric receiving device.The incident angle of light source is 70 °, and acceptance angle is 160 °, and both meet large angle incidence at an angle of 90, the principle that low-angle receives, and improves the linearity of surface scattering method, improves the accuracy of turbidimetry; This invention also solves in the past based on the inaccurate problem of measurement that the turbidity transducer of surface scattering method brings due to testing liquid liquid fluctuating, when incident illumination is mapped to testing liquid surface, because the fluctuation of liquid surface, the position of scattered light can change, such photoelectric detector to scattered light intensity will change, the turbidity value recorded just can not the turbidity value of Correct testing liquid; And the inclined design of preferred version of the present invention is when there being bubble to adhere to, the pressure of liquid can force bubble upwards to be discharged along inclined-plane, thus effectively reduces the interference that bubble brings in measuring process; On the other hand, present invention achieves the metering system that sample inscattering method and surface scattering method combine, for the testing liquid of different turbidity scope, sample inscattering method is selected when low turbidity (0 ~ 200NTU) is measured, surface scattering method is selected when high concentrtion (200 NTU ~) is measured, energy automatic switching range, improves the accuracy of measurement result.
Claims (8)
1. a turbidity transducer, comprises housing, light source, opto-electronic receiver module, it is characterized in that, described housing is the barrel cover with a planar bottom surface; Described light source is arranged at inside the housing sidewall near described bottom surface, can be the directional light of 20 ° to the angle of described bottom-emissive and described bottom surface; Described bottom surface is embedded with two transparency window mirrors of arranging successively along light source emergent light direction: the first window mirror, the second window mirror, wherein the first window mirror is positioned at the point of intersection of the light emitted line of light source and bottom surface; Described opto-electronic receiver module comprises two photodetectors be arranged in described enclosure interior space: the first photodetector, the second photodetector, is respectively used to the light intensity vertical with light source institute emitting parallel light detecting to enter from the first window mirror, the second window mirror.
2. turbidity transducer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the angle between the housing sidewall at light source place and described bottom surface is 70 °, and the directional light launched of light source is perpendicular to the housing sidewall at light source place.
3. turbidity transducer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, light path and the centre of light path between the first window mirror and the first photoelectric detector between light source and the first window mirror, and first light path between window mirror and the first photoelectric detector and the centre of light path between the second window mirror and the second photoelectric detector, be respectively arranged with the baffle plate preventing optical crosstalk.
4. turbidity transducer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the bottom of described housing and top are dismountable two parts.
5. turbidity transducer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, the light emitted wavelength of described light source is 860nm.
6. a turbidity meter, comprise turbidity transducer and signal processing module, it is characterized in that, described turbidity transducer is turbidity transducer described in any one of Claims 1 to 5, described first photodetector, the second photodetector are electrically connected with described signal processing module respectively, described signal processing module can utilize sample surfaces scattering method to process the signal that the first photodetector exports, obtain the first turbidity value, simultaneously, utilize sample inscattering method to process the signal that the second photodetector exports, obtain the second turbidity value.
7. turbidity meter as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described signal processing module can select one in accordance with the following methods as the turbidity value finally exported from the first turbidity value, the second turbidity value: as the first turbidity value, the second turbidity value are all less than 200NTU, then using the second turbidity value as the final turbidity value exported, otherwise, using the first turbidity value as the final turbidity value exported.
8. turbidity meter as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described signal processing module is integrated in the enclosure interior of described turbidity transducer.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106290259A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-01-04 | 苏州奥特福环境科技有限公司 | A kind of double light path surface scattering high range transmissometer |
| CN108918366A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-11-30 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十九研究所 | A kind of turbidity transducer based on phase lock amplifying technology |
| CN109310049A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-02-05 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | Intelligent grass-removing, from mobile device and its method of cognitive disorders object |
| CN109557032A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-02 | 杭州陆恒生物科技有限公司 | Turbidity meter |
| CN109696423A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2019-04-30 | 无锡物博新仪电子科技有限公司 | A kind of automatic switching range high-precision transmissometer |
| CN110031433A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-07-19 | 南京奇崛电子科技有限公司 | A kind of light reflection mirror turbidity transducer |
| CN113109276A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-07-13 | 宁波大学 | Turbidity detection micro-nano optical sensor and manufacturing and detection method thereof |
| CN114002151A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Non-contact type water body turbidity measuring device and method |
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