CN104568845A - Underwater all-angle turbidity measurement equipment and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses underwater all-angle turbidity measurement equipment and a measurement method. The measurement equipment comprises a sealing cover, a cavity, a reflector ring, a light source, an ultrasonic transducer, a collimating lens group, a convex lens, a supporting seat, a pressing ring, a circuit board, a battery and a water sealing connector. The light source and the sensor are integrated in a small cavity and can be immersed in water after being sealed, so that the turbidity of surrounding water can be measured, and in-situ turbidity measurement is realized. According to the reflector ring, light scattered to each direction by a to-be-measured sample is reflected to the same direction, light intensity signals which can form various angles with incident light can be acquired by virtue of a light intensity sensor, the acquired information is comprehensive, and the turbidity is accurately measured. According to a weighted proportional method for data processing, a relationship between the light intensity and the turbidity can be accurately fitted, and the turbidity is accurately measured.

Description

Full angle Turbidity measuring equipment and measuring method under water

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of Turbidity measuring equipment and data processing method thereof, be specially full angle turbidimetric apparatus and the weight ratio algorithm for data processing under water, water turbidity can be measured quickly and accurately, be particularly useful for the occasion that turbidity variation range is large.

Background technology

Turbidity characterizes the scattering of sample to the light of incidence and the amount of absorption characteristic.The all trades and professions such as drinking water treatment, commercial production have been widely used in for the quantitatively measure apparatus of turbidity and method.Current commercial turbidity meter is general with reference to international standard ISO:7027 standard design, namely detects with 860nm light source irradiation sample the scattered light become with incident light on 90 degree of directions, weighs turbidity with this scattered light intensity signal.

But, because the line style relation of 90 degree of scattered light intensities and turbidity is only set up when turbidity is lower, measure after therefore dilution being needed for the high concentrtion sample more than 200NTU, the character of original sample can be changed to a certain extent; Also cannot accurately measure because 90 degree of direction scattered light intensities are too weak for the sample more than 2000NTU.Existing solution for this situation is the light intensity of angle beyond measurement 90 degree, to be set up and the relation of turbidity by algorithm to the process of different angles light intensity signal.US Patent No. 005604590A invention disclosed, adopt four optical sensors, to be arranged near becoming 30 degree with incident light, near 90 degree, on 138 degree neighbouring and transmitted light direction, by solving the measurement problem of high concentrtion sample to the analyzing and processing of two or more angle light intensity signals.But this method still has following deficiency: add number of sensors, need to take more spaces; This equipment can only measure the sample be contained in colorimetric bottle, is unfavorable for that original position measures the turbidity of water body on a large scale in real time; Once can only measure at most the light intensity signal of four fixed angles, and also have larger change for its scattered light intensity of sample distribution that variation range is larger, four therefore fixing angles are not enough to show its whole feature.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the problem, overcome the shortcoming of existing device, the present invention proposes a set of turbidity of full angle under water high-acruracy survey equipment and the weight ratio algorithm for data processing, water turbidity can be measured real-time, accurately by water body situ on a large scale, especially tackle the large range measuring situation that turbidity changes to the interval being greater than 10000NTU 0.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is as follows: one is full angle Turbidity measuring equipment under water, comprises gland bonnet, cavity, reflective mirror ring, light source, ultrasonic transducer, collimation lens set, convex lens, bearing, pressure ring, circuit board, battery and underwater electrical connector; Wherein, described gland bonnet and cavity are tightly connected; The center of described gland bonnet has cylinder shape groove, and described recess sidewall is transparent, and the top of gland bonnet and bottom portion of groove all scribble light absorbent coating makes it opaque; The outside surface cover of described groove has reflective mirror ring, and the upper surface of reflective mirror ring is fixedly connected with gland bonnet, and reflective mirror ring inwall is the conical surface becoming miter angle with axis direction; The outer side bottom surface of described groove is fixedly connected with ultrasonic transducer; Described underwater electrical connector is fixedly connected on cavity bottom by screw thread, and is connected with circuit board;

The sidewall of described reflective mirror ring has a groove, and light source and collimation lens set are placed in this groove; Collimation lens set is placed in light source front, and coaxial with light source, makes the recess sidewall vertically injecting gland bonnet from the parallel rays of collimation lens set injection; The madial wall of described cavity is three layers of forge piece of step type structure, is provided with bearing, circuit board and battery successively from top to bottom; The lateral wall of described bearing is threaded with cavity, and described bearing is two layers of staircase structure, and convex lens are erected on the halfpace of bearing, and convex lens are provided with pressure ring, and described pressure ring is threaded with the madial wall of bearing, for fixing convex lens; The madial wall of described cavity is provided with the passage of a through cavities top and the second halfpace, for arranging wire;

Described circuit board is fixed on the second halfpace of cavity, comprises light intensity detection array, energy supply control module, data processing module and memory module; Described light intensity detection array is positioned at the center of circuit board, and the aperture that convex lens converge falls on light intensity detection array; Described light intensity detection array, energy supply control module, data processing module, memory module and ultrasonic transducer are all battery-powered, and described light source is connected with energy supply control module, and described light intensity detection array is all connected with data processing module with memory module; After described energy supply control module carries out current stabilization to battery, to light source power supply; Described memory module is for storing the data after data processing module reception and process; Described data processing module is used for the data that receiving light power detection array collects, and solves turbidity by the light intensity signal of all directions obtained.

Further, described gland bonnet and cavity are tightly connected, be specially: have an annular recess at the upper surface of cavity, rubber seal is built-in with at annular recess, four through holes are equidistantly had in the outer edge of gland bonnet, have through hole in the relevant position of cavity, gland bonnet and cavity are tightly connected through the through hole of gland bonnet and the through hole of cavity by bolt.

Further, described data processing module take microprocessor as the integrated circuit of core, be connected with light intensity detection array, for the treatment of the light intensity value data detected, be specially: bring the multi-angle light intensity value that known turbidity standard solution turbidity value and measurement obtain into formula (1) and obtain with a _n, b ₀, b _nfor the equation of unknown number, solve a by the multiple equation of simultaneous _n, b ₀, b _n, then multi-angle light intensity value unknown solution measurement obtained brings formula (1) into, can solve the estimated value of turbidity

$T=\frac{1+\underset{n=1}{\overset{p}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{a}_n{I}_n}{b_0+\underset{n=1}{\overset{p}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{b}_n{I}_n}---\left(1\right).$

Utilize the above-mentioned Turbidity measuring equipment of full angle under water to measure a method for turbidity, the method comprises the following steps:

(1) testing sample is placed in the groove of gland bonnet, light source sends light after collimation lens set collimation, vertically inject in the standard solution of groove, incident light arrives the madial wall of reflective mirror ring after standard solution scattering, penetrates completely vertically after mirror-reflection; Light converges on light intensity detection array by convex lens, by light intensity detection An arrayed recording light intensity signal;

(2) the light intensity signal number needing to use is determined: the light intensity that light intensity detection array is collected divided by the scattered light angle corresponding to it, be specially: centered by the integral multiple angle θ of 5, light intensity value in positive and negative 2.5 degree of eccentric circular rings is added the scattered light intensity values as θ angle, according to this scope of-2.5 ° to 162.5 ° is divided into 33 equal portions, be respectively 0 °, 5 °, 10 °, ..., the scattered light intensity of 160 °, take p angular light intensity values wherein to calculate turbidity, the combination of angle has kind, p is the integer of 1 to 10;

(3) standard solution of the known turbidity value of 2p+1 kind is got, measure often kind of solution at different angles light intensity value, the combination of p angle is determined according to the method for step (2), successively the light intensity of all angle combinations is substituted into formula (1) and list 2p+1 equation, solve a corresponding to often kind of angle combinations _n, b ₀, b _n;

$T=\frac{1+\underset{n=1}{\overset{p}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{a}_n{I}_n}{b_0+\underset{n=1}{\overset{p}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{b}_n{I}_n}---\left(1\right)$

(4) determine the angle combinations chosen: the standard solution separately getting the known turbidity of m kind, m is the positive integer being greater than 2p+1, measures often kind of each angular light intensity values of solution, successively by coefficient a that the equal angular that light intensity value and step (3) obtain combines _n, b ₀, b _nsubstitute into the estimated value that formula (1) can solve turbidity T calculate m kind standard solution estimated value with standard value T _ithe mean value e of relative deviation, that is:

$e=\frac{1}{m}\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{|{\hat{T}}_i-T_i|}{T_i}$

By comparing the combination of different angles, select the one group of angle combinations making e minimum, angle combinations when to be the number that takes measurement of an angle be p, the parameter a that this angle combinations is used _n, b ₀, b _nalso determine thereupon;

(5) sample of unknown turbidity is measured: first select the number p that takes measurement of an angle needing to use, the each angular light intensity values of this unknown turbidity solution full angle Turbidity measuring equipment measurement under water obtained again substitutes into formula (1), its angle combinations selected and corresponding coefficient are determined by step (4), can obtain the turbidity estimated value of this solution.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

1. by light source, sensor integration in less cavity, can be immersed in the water after sealing and measure the turbidity of surrounding water, realize the in site measurement of turbidity.

2. by reflective mirror ring by through testing sample, the light scattered in all directions reflexes on same direction, only need a light intensity sensor can collect the light intensity signal becoming all angles with incident light, the information obtained more comprehensively, is conducive to the precise determination of turbidity.

3. the proposed weight ratio method for the treatment of data can relation between accurately matching light intensity and turbidity, is conducive to the Accurate Measurement of turbidity.

4. be integrated in power supply in cavity and data processing module this equipment can be made to depart from cable work independently, real-time processing data record; Can by externally fed and externally signal transmission after being connected by underwater electrical connector.

5. adopt 860nm infrared light as incident light, avoid testing sample intrinsic colour to the adverse effect of turbidimetry.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the explosive view of agent structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the three-view diagram of reflective mirror ring of the present invention;

In figure, gland bonnet 1, reflective mirror ring 2, pressure ring 3, convex lens 4, bearing 5, cavity 6, underwater electrical connector 7, battery 8, circuit board 9, ultrasonic transducer 10, light source 11, collimation lens set 12.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.

As Figure 1-3, one of the present invention is full angle Turbidity measuring equipment under water, comprises gland bonnet 1, cavity 6, reflective mirror ring 2, light source 11, ultrasonic transducer 10, collimation lens set 12, convex lens 4, bearing 5, pressure ring 3, circuit board 9, battery 8 and underwater electrical connector 7; Wherein, described gland bonnet 1 is tightly connected with cavity 6; The center of described gland bonnet 1 has cylinder shape groove, and described recess sidewall is transparent, and the top of gland bonnet 1 and bottom portion of groove all scribble light absorbent coating makes it opaque; The outside surface cover of described groove has reflective mirror ring 2, and the upper surface of reflective mirror ring 2 is fixedly connected with gland bonnet 1, and reflective mirror ring 2 inwall is the conical surface becoming miter angle with axis direction; The outer side bottom surface of described groove is fixedly connected with ultrasonic transducer 10; Described underwater electrical connector 7 is fixedly connected on bottom cavity 6 by screw thread, and is connected with circuit board 9;

The sidewall of described reflective mirror ring 2 has a groove, and light source 11 and collimation lens set 12 are placed in this groove; Collimation lens set 12 is placed in light source 11 front, and coaxial with light source 11, makes the parallel rays penetrated from collimation lens set 12 vertically inject the recess sidewall of gland bonnet 1; The madial wall of described cavity 6 is three layers of forge piece of step type structure, is provided with bearing 5, circuit board 9 and battery 8 from top to bottom successively; The lateral wall of described bearing 5 is threaded with cavity 6, and described bearing 5 is two layers of staircase structure, and convex lens 4 are erected on the halfpace of bearing 5, and convex lens 4 are provided with pressure ring 3, and described pressure ring 3 is threaded with the madial wall of bearing 5, for fixing convex lens 4; The madial wall of described cavity 6 is provided with the passage of through cavities 6 top and the second halfpace, for arranging wire;

Described circuit board 9 is fixed on the second halfpace of cavity 6, comprises light intensity detection array, energy supply control module, data processing module and memory module; Described light intensity detection array is positioned at the center of circuit board 9, and the aperture that convex lens 4 converge falls on light intensity detection array; Described light intensity detection array, energy supply control module, data processing module, memory module and ultrasonic transducer 10 are powered by battery 8, described light source 11 is connected with energy supply control module, and described light intensity detection array is all connected with data processing module with memory module; Described energy supply control module is powered to light source 11 after carrying out current stabilization to battery 8; Described memory module is for storing the data after data processing module reception and process; Described data processing module is used for the data that receiving light power detection array collects, and solves turbidity by the light intensity signal of all directions obtained.

Described gland bonnet 1 is tightly connected with cavity 6, be specially: have an annular recess at the upper surface of cavity 6, rubber seal is built-in with at annular recess, four through holes are equidistantly had in the outer edge of gland bonnet 1, have through hole in the relevant position of cavity 6, gland bonnet 1 and cavity 6 are tightly connected through the through hole of gland bonnet 1 and the through hole of cavity 6 by bolt.

Described light intensity detection array selects charge coupled cell (CCD) or photodiode array detector (PDA), energy resolution becomes scattered light intensity at any angle through the reflection of described reflective mirror ring 2 at grade with the incident light direction that described light source 11 sends, and transmits signals in described data processing module.

Described ultrasonic transducer 10 converts electrical energy into dither by a small margin, drives gland bonnet 1 to shake, and is used for removing the foreign material of gland bonnet 1 groove inner wall attachment, as mud.

Described data processing module take microprocessor as the integrated circuit of core, be connected with light intensity detection array, for the treatment of the light intensity value data detected, be specially: bring the multi-angle light intensity value that known turbidity standard solution turbidity value and measurement obtain into formula (1) and obtain with a _n, b ₀, b _nfor the equation of unknown number, solve a by the multiple equation of simultaneous _n, b ₀, b _n, then multi-angle light intensity value unknown solution measurement obtained brings formula (1) into, can solve the estimated value of turbidity

$T=\frac{1+\underset{n=1}{\overset{p}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{a}_n{I}_n}{b_0+\underset{n=1}{\overset{p}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{b}_n{I}_n}---\left(1\right).$

Utilize the above-mentioned Turbidity measuring equipment of full angle under water to measure a method for turbidity, the method comprises the following steps:

(1) testing sample is placed in the groove of gland bonnet 1, light source 11 sends light after collimation lens set 12 collimates, vertically inject in the standard solution of groove, incident light arrives the madial wall of reflective mirror ring 2 after standard solution scattering, penetrates completely vertically after mirror-reflection; Light converges on light intensity detection array by convex lens 4, by light intensity detection An arrayed recording light intensity signal;

(2) the light intensity signal number needing to use is determined: the light intensity that light intensity detection array is collected divided by the scattered light angle corresponding to it, be specially: centered by the integral multiple angle θ of 5, light intensity value in positive and negative 2.5 degree of eccentric circular rings is added the scattered light intensity values as θ angle, according to this scope of-2.5 ° to 162.5 ° is divided into 33 equal portions, be respectively 0 °, 5 °, 10 °, ..., the scattered light intensity of 160 °, take p angular light intensity values wherein to calculate turbidity, the combination of angle has kind, p is the integer of 1 to 10;

(3) standard solution of the known turbidity value of 2p+1 kind is got, measure often kind of solution at different angles light intensity value, the combination of p angle is determined according to the method for step (2), successively the light intensity of all angle combinations is substituted into formula (1) and list 2p+1 equation, solve a corresponding to often kind of angle combinations _n, b ₀, b _n;

$T=\frac{1+\underset{n=1}{\overset{p}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{a}_n{I}_n}{b_0+\underset{n=1}{\overset{p}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{b}_n{I}_n}---\left(1\right)$

(4) determine the angle combinations chosen: the standard solution separately getting the known turbidity of m kind, m is the positive integer being greater than 2p+1, measures often kind of each angular light intensity values of solution, successively by coefficient a that the equal angular that light intensity value and step (3) obtain combines _n, b ₀, b _nsubstitute into the estimated value that formula (1) can solve turbidity T calculate m kind standard solution estimated value with standard value T _ithe mean value e of relative deviation, that is:

$e=\frac{1}{m}\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{|{\hat{T}}_i-T_i|}{T_i}$

By comparing the combination of different angles, select the one group of angle combinations making e minimum, angle combinations when to be the number that takes measurement of an angle be p, the parameter a that this angle combinations is used _n, b ₀, b _nalso determine thereupon;

(5) sample of unknown turbidity is measured: first select the number p that takes measurement of an angle needing to use, the each angular light intensity values of this unknown turbidity solution full angle Turbidity measuring equipment measurement under water obtained again substitutes into formula (1), its angle combinations selected and corresponding coefficient are determined by step (4), can obtain the turbidity estimated value of this solution.

Claims (4)

1. a full angle Turbidity measuring equipment under water, it is characterized in that, comprise gland bonnet (1), cavity (6), reflective mirror ring (2), light source (11), ultrasonic transducer (10), collimation lens set (12), convex lens (4), bearing (5), pressure ring (3), circuit board (9), battery (8) and underwater electrical connector (7); Wherein, described gland bonnet (1) and cavity (6) are tightly connected; The center of described gland bonnet (1) has cylinder shape groove, and described recess sidewall is transparent, and the top of gland bonnet (1) and bottom portion of groove all scribble light absorbent coating makes it opaque; The outside surface cover of described groove has reflective mirror ring (2), and the upper surface of reflective mirror ring (2) is fixedly connected with gland bonnet (1), and reflective mirror ring (2) inwall is the conical surface becoming miter angle with axis direction; The outer side bottom surface of described groove is fixedly connected with ultrasonic transducer (10); Described underwater electrical connector (7) is fixedly connected on cavity (6) bottom by screw thread, and is connected with circuit board (9);

The sidewall of described reflective mirror ring (2) has a groove, and light source (11) and collimation lens set (12) are placed in this groove; Collimation lens set (12) is placed in light source (11) front, and coaxial with light source (11), makes the parallel rays penetrated from collimation lens set (12) vertically inject the recess sidewall of gland bonnet (1); The madial wall of described cavity (6) is three layers of forge piece of step type structure, is provided with bearing (5), circuit board (9) and battery (8) from top to bottom successively; The lateral wall of described bearing (5) is threaded with cavity (6), described bearing (5) is two layers of staircase structure, convex lens (4) are erected on the halfpace of bearing (5), convex lens (4) are provided with pressure ring (3), described pressure ring (3) is threaded with the madial wall of bearing (5), for fixing convex lens (4); The madial wall of described cavity (6) is provided with the passage of a through cavities (6) top and the second halfpace, for arranging wire;

Described circuit board (9) is fixed on the second halfpace of cavity (6), comprises light intensity detection array, energy supply control module, data processing module and memory module; Described light intensity detection array is positioned at the center of circuit board (9), and the aperture that convex lens (4) converge falls on light intensity detection array; Described light intensity detection array, energy supply control module, data processing module, memory module and ultrasonic transducer (10) are powered by battery (8), described light source (11) is connected with energy supply control module, and described light intensity detection array is all connected with data processing module with memory module; After described energy supply control module carries out current stabilization to battery (8), light source (11) is powered; Described memory module is for storing the data after data processing module reception and process; Described data processing module is used for the data that receiving light power detection array collects, and solves turbidity by the light intensity signal of all directions obtained.

2. the Turbidity measuring equipment of full angle under water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described gland bonnet (1) and cavity (6) are tightly connected, be specially: have an annular recess at the upper surface of cavity (6), rubber seal is built-in with at annular recess, four through holes are equidistantly had in the outer edge of gland bonnet (1), have through hole in the relevant position of cavity (6), gland bonnet (1) and cavity (6) are tightly connected through the through hole of gland bonnet (1) and the through hole of cavity (6) by bolt.

3. the Turbidity measuring equipment of full angle under water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described data processing module take microprocessor as the integrated circuit of core, be connected with light intensity detection array, for the treatment of the light intensity value data detected, be specially: bring the multi-angle light intensity value that known turbidity standard solution turbidity value and measurement obtain into formula (1) and obtain with a _n, b ₀, b _nfor the equation of unknown number, solve a by the multiple equation of simultaneous _n, b ₀, b _n, then multi-angle light intensity value unknown solution measurement obtained brings formula (1) into, can solve the estimated value of turbidity

$T=\frac{1+\underset{n=1}{\overset{p}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{a}_n{I}_n}{b_0+\underset{n=1}{\overset{p}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{b}_n{I}_n}---\left(1\right).$

4. utilize a method for the turbidity of full angle Turbidity measuring equipment measurement under water described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:

(1) testing sample is placed in the groove of gland bonnet (1), light source (11) sends light after collimation lens set (12) collimation, vertically inject in the standard solution of groove, incident light arrives the madial wall of reflective mirror ring (2) after standard solution scattering, penetrates completely vertically after mirror-reflection; Light converges on light intensity detection array, by light intensity detection An arrayed recording light intensity signal by convex lens (4);

(2) the light intensity signal number needing to use is determined: the light intensity that light intensity detection array is collected divided by the scattered light angle corresponding to it, be specially: centered by the integral multiple angle θ of 5, light intensity value in positive and negative 2.5 degree of eccentric circular rings is added the scattered light intensity values as θ angle, according to this scope of-2.5 ° to 162.5 ° is divided into 33 equal portions, be respectively 0 °, 5 °, 10 °, ..., the scattered light intensity of 160 °, take p angular light intensity values wherein to calculate turbidity, the combination of angle has kind, p is the integer of 1 to 10;

(3) standard solution of the known turbidity value of 2p+1 kind is got, measure often kind of solution at different angles light intensity value, the combination of p angle is determined according to the method for step (2), successively the light intensity of all angle combinations is substituted into formula (1) and list 2p+1 equation, solve a corresponding to often kind of angle combinations _n, b ₀, b _n;

$t=\frac{1+\underset{n=1}{\overset{p}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{a}_n{I}_n}{b_0+\underset{n=1}{\overset{p}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{b}_n{I}_n}---\left(1\right)$

(4) determine the angle combinations chosen: the standard solution separately getting the known turbidity of m kind, m is the positive integer being greater than 2p+1, measures often kind of each angular light intensity values of solution, successively by coefficient a that the equal angular that light intensity value and step (3) obtain combines _n, b ₀, b _nsubstitute into the estimated value that formula (1) can solve turbidity T

$e=\frac{1}{m}\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{|{\hat{T}}_i-T_i|}{T_i}$

Calculate m kind standard solution estimated value with standard value T _ithe mean value e of relative deviation, that is:

By comparing the combination of different angles, select the one group of angle combinations making e minimum, angle combinations when to be the number that takes measurement of an angle be p, the parameter a that this angle combinations is used _n, b ₀, b _nalso determine thereupon;

(5) sample of unknown turbidity is measured: first select the number p that takes measurement of an angle needing to use, the each angular light intensity values of this unknown turbidity solution full angle Turbidity measuring equipment measurement under water obtained again substitutes into formula (1), its angle combinations selected and corresponding coefficient are determined by step (4), can obtain the turbidity estimated value of this solution.