CN104368302B - 一种传质塔盘 - Google Patents

一种传质塔盘 Download PDF

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CN104368302B
CN104368302B CN201410668022.5A CN201410668022A CN104368302B CN 104368302 B CN104368302 B CN 104368302B CN 201410668022 A CN201410668022 A CN 201410668022A CN 104368302 B CN104368302 B CN 104368302B
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CN104368302A (zh
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梁有仪
李晶晶
段有龙
于涛
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Acre Coking and Refractory Engineering Consulting Corp MCC
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/32Packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit or module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/322Basic shape of the elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/324Composition or microstructure of the elements
    • B01J2219/32408Metal
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/324Composition or microstructure of the elements
    • B01J2219/32425Ceramic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/324Composition or microstructure of the elements
    • B01J2219/32483Plastics

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种传质塔盘,包括拱形塔盘板和规整填料,所述拱形塔盘板顶部封闭,下部敞开,内部形成一个气液通道,气液通道的端头、端尾及中部设有封板;多块拱形塔盘板并排连接构成塔盘整体,所述规整填料设置在相邻拱形塔盘板之间。本发明的优点是:使气液混合相在拱形塔盘板的气液通道内更好的混合,传质效果大幅度提高,气液混合相从拱形塔盘板流出后经过填料层解决了雾沫夹带的问题。同时,本发明拆装方便,结构上可实现自支撑,强度好,省材料。

Description

一种传质塔盘
技术领域
本发明涉及一种塔盘,尤其涉及一种高效的传质塔盘。
背景技术
垂直筛板塔以其良好的传质性能目前在工业中有着广泛的应用。它的结构是在塔板上开有大孔,孔上相应布置有各种形式的帽罩,帽罩上方设有气液孔,在帽罩扣接塔盘的部位留有缝隙。其工作原理是:当液体通过缝隙流入帽罩内时,来自塔盘下方的气体从开孔处上升到帽罩内部,把帽罩内的液体沿帽罩内壁拉膜、雾化,气液两相在帽罩内进行传质,并形成气液混合相,该气液混合相从帽罩上部的出气孔喷出,气相继续上升,液滴落回液体中。
虽然垂直筛板通过气相在帽罩中对液相进行拉膜雾化,形成了良好的气液接触,提高了传质效率,但其结构上也有不理想的地方,比如垂直筛板需要在塔盘上开孔,然后在开孔上方安装帽罩,这种结构不仅浪费材料,而且当开孔率较多时,塔盘的机械强度亦会降低,塔盘板厚度增加,同时,拆装也十分麻烦。此外,气液混合相通过帽罩上方的开孔时,往往会造成很严重的雾沫夹带。
发明内容
为克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种传质塔盘,提高塔盘强度,节省材料,避免雾沫夹带,同时传质效率得到很大提高。
为实现上述目的,本发明通过以下技术方案实现:
一种传质塔盘,包括拱形塔盘板和规整填料,所述的拱形塔盘板顶部封闭,下部敞开,内部形成一个气液通道,气液通道的端头、端尾及中部设有封板;多块拱形塔盘板并排连接构成塔盘整体,所述的规整填料设置在相邻拱形塔盘板之间。
所述的拱形塔盘板上部开有一排或一排以上气液排出孔;拱形塔盘板下部开有一排或一排以上液体排出孔。
所述的气液排出孔或液体排出孔为圆孔、长圆孔或方形孔。
所述的拱形塔盘板之间通过紧固件连接。
所述规整填料为金属规整填料、塑料规整填料、陶瓷规整填料。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
使气液混合相在拱形塔盘板的气液通道内更好的混合,传质效果大幅度提高,气液混合相从拱形塔盘板流出后经过填料层解决了雾沫夹带的问题。
拱形塔盘板形成的气液通道对气液传质是非常有利的,因为当气液混合相进入气液通道后,随着通道越来越小,气液混合相的速度越来越大,拉膜雾化传质越来越剧烈,气液湍动越来越强,传质效果也就更好。在两块拱形塔盘板之间放上规整填料,气液混合相流出气液排出口时先通过填料,这样就解决了垂直筛板易产生雾沫夹带的问题。本发明的拱形塔盘板可实现自支撑,下部不需要单独的支撑,节省材料,另外,两两拱形塔盘板之间采用紧固件进行连接,拆装十分方便。
附图说明
图1是拱形塔盘板主视图(截面为拱形)。
图2是拱形塔盘板主视图(截面为梯形)。
图3是拱形塔盘板主视图(截面为矩形)。
图4是拱形塔盘板侧视图。
图5是本发明的工作原理图。
图6是本发明在塔内的安装主视图。
图7是本发明在塔内的安装俯视图。
图中:1-拱形塔盘板2-封板3-气液排出孔4-液体排出孔5-气液通道6-规整填料7-螺栓8-螺母9-垫片10-降液管11-降液板。
具体实施方式
下面结合说明书附图对本发明进行详细地描述,但是应该指出本发明的实施不限于以下的实施方式。
见图1-图7,一种传质塔盘,包括拱形塔盘板1和规整填料6,所述的拱形塔盘板1顶部封闭,下部敞开,内部形成一个气液通道5,气液通道5的端头、端尾及中部设有封板2;多块拱形塔盘板1并排连接构成塔盘整体,所述的规整填料6设置在相邻拱形塔盘板1之间。
其中,拱形塔盘板1上部开有一排或一排以上气液排出孔3;拱形塔盘板1下部开有一排或一排以上液体排出孔4。气液排出孔3或液体排出孔4为圆孔、长圆孔或方形孔。拱形塔盘板1之间通过紧固件连接。规整填料6为金属规整填料6、塑料规整填料6、陶瓷规整填料6。
以拱形塔盘板1横截面为梯形为例:
传质塔盘包括拱形塔盘板1和规整填料6:所述拱形塔盘板1横截面为一等腰梯形,其顶部封闭,下部敞开,梯形内部形成一个气液通道5,在气液通道5的端头、端尾及中部设有封板2,中部可以设置一个或一个以上封板2。多块拱形塔盘板1并排连接构成塔盘整体结构。规整填料6放在两两拱形塔盘板1之间。所述拱形塔盘板1上部开有一排或几排气液排出孔3,拱形塔盘板1下部开有一排或几排液体排出孔4,气液排出孔3和液体排出孔4可为圆孔、长圆孔或方形孔等各种几何形状孔。拱形塔盘板1两两之间采用螺栓7、螺母8和垫片9进行连接。规整填料6可以是金属规整填料6、塑料规整填料6、陶瓷规整填料6等,固定在两塔盘板之间。
工作时,液体物料从上层塔盘的降液管10流到降液板11上,接着流到两两拱形塔盘板1之间,液体物料通过拱形塔盘板1上的液体排出孔4流出。来自下层塔盘的气相物料以一定的气速向上层塔盘流动,当流到气液通道5时,可将液相物料从液体排出孔4引射出来,气相物料与液相物料充分混合继续向上流动,随着通道越来越小,气液混合相的速度越来越大,气体把液体拉膜雾化,气流与液膜在气液通道5内进行动量交换,液膜被分裂成液滴和雾沫,气液通道5内气液两相处于湍流状态进行激烈的热质交换,而后两相流从拱形塔盘板1上方的气液排出孔3喷射而出。喷出后的气液混合相流过规整填料6,防止气相雾沫夹带,气相升至上一层塔盘,喷射出的小液滴在填料内相互碰撞,汇聚成大液滴,落回到塔板上,其中一部分又被吸进拱形塔盘板1的气液通道5内再次被拉膜、破碎,其余部分随板上液流经降液管10流到下一层塔盘板上。
本发明可使气液混合相在拱形塔盘板的气液通道内更好的混合,传质效果大幅度提高,气液混合相从拱形塔盘板流出后经过填料层解决了雾沫夹带的问题。同时,本发明拆装方便,结构上可实现自支撑,强度好,省材料。

Claims (2)

1.一种传质塔盘,包括拱形塔盘板和规整填料,所述拱形塔盘板顶部封闭,下部敞开,内部形成一个气液通道,气液通道的端头、端尾及中部设有封板;多块拱形塔盘板并排连接构成塔盘整体,所述拱形塔盘板上部开有一排或一排以上气液排出孔;拱形塔盘板下部开有一排或一排以上液体排出孔,所述气液排出孔或液体排出孔为圆孔或方形孔;所述拱形塔盘板的横截面为拱形;其特征在于,所述规整填料设置在相邻拱形塔盘板之间;所述拱形塔盘板之间通过紧固件连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种传质塔盘,其特征在于,所述规整填料为金属规整填料、塑料规整填料、陶瓷规整填料。
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2173111Y (zh) * 1993-07-10 1994-08-03 河北工学院 梯形立体喷射气液接触组合元件

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2173111Y (zh) * 1993-07-10 1994-08-03 河北工学院 梯形立体喷射气液接触组合元件

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