CN104362395A - Screening method for cascade utilization of waste cells - Google Patents
Screening method for cascade utilization of waste cells Download PDFInfo
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- CN104362395A CN104362395A CN201410466151.6A CN201410466151A CN104362395A CN 104362395 A CN104362395 A CN 104362395A CN 201410466151 A CN201410466151 A CN 201410466151A CN 104362395 A CN104362395 A CN 104362395A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010016766 flatulence Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a screening method for cascade utilization of waste cells. The screening method comprises the following steps: preliminary assessment is carried out on power cells to be analyzed through appearance identification; self-discharge of single cells is tested; consistency testing of single cells is carried out; and cell parameters are tested and grading is carried out. By analyzing characteristics of ex-service power cells of an electric vehicle, the screening method for secondary utilization of power cells is brought forward. By the method, surplus performance of ex-service power cells of an electric vehicle can be fully functioned, and economy of secondary utilization of power cells is enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of lithium ion battery, be specifically related to the screening technique that a kind of old and useless battery echelon uses, particularly relate to the screening technique of the power lithium-ion battery scrapped after a kind of electric automobile uses.
Background technology
Energy and environment have become the problem that Present Global is paid close attention to the most.Conventional fuel oil automobile, as the rich and influential family of consume petroleum resource and contaminated environment, is constantly subject to the impact of new cleaning fuel automobile.Electric automobile replacing oil by electricity, can realize " zero discharge " and " low noise ", is the important means solving the energy and environmental problem.Along with the anxiety of petroleum resources and the development of battery technology, electric automobile starts worldwide to apply gradually.Be that the energy-conservation inexorable trend being automobile industry development with environmentally friendly vehicle of a new generation of representative becomes widespread consensus with electric automobile.At present, electric automobile is mainly based on the lithium ion battery of high-energy-density, from existing situation presumably the coming years lithium ion battery by maintenance rapid growth situation, expect the year two thousand twenty electric automobile to lithium-ion-power cell demand by arrival 45,000,000,000 ~ 55,000,000,000 Wh, and the year two thousand thirty will more than 1,000 hundred million Wh.
But the performance of electrokinetic cell decays with the increase of access times, when electrokinetic cell hydraulic performance decline to originality can 80% time, the use standard of electric automobile can not be reached.Along with the increase of electric automobile recoverable amount, electric automobile can not be reached and use the electrokinetic cell assembly of standard to emerge in multitude.Electrokinetic cell secondary utilizes, and refers to after electrokinetic cell is scrapped, and its remaining volumetric properties is used in other applications that its performance meets.
But eliminate from electric motor car the electrokinetic cell got off, health status is also inconsistent, must strictly screen, and eliminates inconsistent with most of battery small part problem battery, only have by rational screening, secondary utilizes could ensure that its value gives full play to.
The concept that electrokinetic cell secondary utilizes just has proposed soon, studies still not extensive.The patent application CN201110410608.8 " stage division that a kind of electric automobile power battery echelon utilizes " of China Electric Power Research Institute, propose a kind of by the theoretical method of electrokinetic cell classification, directive function is had to detection electrokinetic cell physics and chemistry attribute, but practical operation feasibility is lower, be not easy to realize, even if realize described detection, also easy battery itself to be damaged.
But present stage is for the screening of waste and old electrokinetic cell, still there is no clear and definite definition and method.It is the research of a very valuable and meaning that the battery how these also with most of capacity reasonably reuses.
In sum, following technical problem is there is: eliminate from electric motor car the electrokinetic cell got off in prior art, health status is also inconsistent, must strictly screen, eliminate inconsistent with most of battery small part problem battery, only have by rational screening, secondary utilizes and just can give full play to its value.Present stage waste and old electrokinetic cell screening, there is no clear and definite definition and method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the screening technique that a kind of old and useless battery echelon uses, tested by the key property of outward appearance, self discharge, consistency three batteries, eliminated the battery not having secondary value completely, make residue battery core continue secondary and use.Concrete technical scheme is as follows:
The screening technique that old and useless battery echelon uses, comprises the steps:
(1) by outward appearance identification, entry evaluation is carried out to electrokinetic cell to be analyzed;
(2) self discharge of test battery monomer;
(3) monomer uniformity test;
(4) test battery parameter classification.
Further, described old and useless battery is the power lithium-ion battery scrapped after electric automobile uses.
Further, specifically comprise the steps: in step (3)
(3-1) will after step (1) and (2) remaining N number of serial battery;
(3-2) N number of battery is full of electricity;
(3-3) by certain electric current constant-current discharge to V1*N;
(3-4) difference of each cell voltage and voltage V1 is calculated;
(3-5) constant-current discharge is continued to V2*N;
(3-6) difference of each cell voltage and voltage V2 is calculated;
(3-7) constant-current discharge is continued to V3*N;
(3-8) difference of each cell voltage and voltage V3 is calculated.
Further, specifically comprise the steps: in step (1)
(1-1) whether intactly battery outward appearance is observed;
(1-2) the whether smooth drying of battery surface is observed, with or without breakage, with or without distortion, with or without spot, with or without bulge flatulence phenomenon;
(1-3) preliminary eliminating does not meet the battery that step (1-1) and (1-2) require.
Further, after the self discharge parameter of step (2) test battery, get rid of the battery of internal short-circuit.
Further, in step (3), V1, V2, V3 numerical value is at the discharge range of corresponding battery system, and V1 > V2 > V3.
Further, the capacity of test battery in step (4), size carries out classification to battery by measure.
Further, also step is comprised before step (1-1): battery pack of getting off retired from electric automobile is split; The electrokinetic cell of specification of the same race, model of the same race is separated by group; Step (1-3) comprising: the battery without echelon value directly enters recovery process, has the battery of echelon value to enter next step.
Further, step (2) comprises further:
(2-1) battery is charged to full power state with 1/3C electric current;
(2-2) 7 days are at room temperature shelved;
(2-3) capacity of test battery again;
(2-4) self-discharge rate of battery is calculated;
(2-5) battery that self-discharge rate is high, directly eliminates.
Further, comprise the steps: further in step (4)
(4-1) normal capacity of remaining power is tested, by 1/3C testing current;
(4-2) by battery by measure 10% difference be divided into several class;
(4-3) different occasions is used according to different residual capacities.
Compared with currently available technology, the present invention, by analyzing the characteristic of the retired electrokinetic cell of electric automobile, proposes the screening technique being applicable to the utilization of electrokinetic cell secondary.The method can give full play to the residue performance of the retired electrokinetic cell of electric automobile, improves the economy that electrokinetic cell secondary utilizes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of electrokinetic cell recycling method flow chart provided by the invention
Embodiment
Describe the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings below, it is a kind of preferred embodiment in numerous embodiments of the present invention.
In a preferred embodiment: the analytical method that a kind of electrokinetic cell echelon utilizes, comprise the following steps:
(1) first by outward appearance identification, entry evaluation is carried out to electrokinetic cell to be analyzed;
(2) self discharge of test battery monomer;
(3) monomer uniformity test, will after step (1) and (2) remaining N number of serial battery, after being full of electricity, by certain electric current constant-current discharge to V1*N, calculate the difference of each cell voltage and voltage V1; Continue constant-current discharge to V2*N, calculate the difference of each cell voltage and voltage V2; Continue constant-current discharge to V3*N, calculate the difference of each cell voltage and voltage V3;
(4) test battery parameter classification.
Described step (1) profile judges, whether the outward appearance of major impetus battery is intact, the whether smooth drying in surface, with or without breakage, with or without distortion, with or without spot, with or without bulge flatulence phenomenon, outward appearance identification need be carried out under good light condition, filters out the electrokinetic cell thought and have echelon value.
The self discharge parameter of described step (2) test battery, for getting rid of the battery of internal short-circuit.
In described step (3), V1, V2, V3 numerical value is at the discharge range of corresponding battery system, and V1 > V2 > V3.
The capacity of test battery in described step (4), size carries out classification to battery by measure.
More specifically:
1, outward appearance screening
In step 1, battery pack of getting off retired from electric automobile is split ,=evaluated for appearance is carried out to obtain the electrokinetic cell having echelon value to the electrokinetic cell of specification of the same race, model of the same race and electrokinetic cell to be analyzed.Wherein, judge that whether the outward appearance of electrokinetic cell is intact, the whether smooth drying in surface, with or without breakage, with or without distortion, with or without spot, with or without bulge flatulence phenomenon, outward appearance identification need be carried out under good light condition, filters out the electrokinetic cell thought and have echelon value.And directly enter recovery process without the battery of echelon value, there is the battery of echelon value to enter next step.
2, self discharge test
In use, potential safety hazard is largely the internal short-circuit from battery to electrokinetic cell, and for the electrokinetic cell through Long-Time Service, its potential safety hazard obviously increases.Self-discharge of battery is a parameter that can reflect internal resistance of cell short circuit problem very well, by the self discharge parameter of test battery, can get rid of the battery of internal short-circuit to a great extent.Testing process is: battery is charged to full power state with 1/3C electric current, under room temperature (25 DEG C), shelve 7 days, then the capacity of test battery, calculates the self-discharge rate of battery.Using the parameter that self-discharge rate is considered at first in battery screening process, for the battery that self-discharge rate is high, directly eliminate.
3, monomer uniformity test
Will after step (1) and (2) remaining N number of serial battery, battery pack is charged to full power state with 1/3C electric current, by certain electric current (0.1-1C) constant-current discharge to V1*N, calculate the difference of each cell voltage and voltage V1; Continue constant-current discharge to V2*N, calculate the difference of each cell voltage and voltage V2; Continue constant-current discharge to V3*N, calculate the difference of each cell voltage and voltage V3.The battery excessive for voltage difference is directly eliminated.
4, classification by measure, to be used
After above-mentioned outward appearance, self discharge, uniformity test, remaining battery be can secondary use battery.The normal capacity of test remaining power, by 1/3C testing current.By battery by measure 10% difference be divided into several class, be used in different occasions according to different residual capacities.
Above by reference to the accompanying drawings to invention has been exemplary description; obvious specific implementation of the present invention is not subject to the restrictions described above; as long as have employed the various improvement that method of the present invention is conceived and technical scheme is carried out; or directly apply to other occasion, all within protection scope of the present invention without improving.
Claims (10)
1. a screening technique for old and useless battery echelon use, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) by outward appearance identification, entry evaluation is carried out to electrokinetic cell to be analyzed;
(2) self discharge of test battery monomer;
(3) monomer uniformity test;
(4) test battery parameter classification.
2. the screening technique of old and useless battery echelon use as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described old and useless battery is the power lithium-ion battery scrapped after electric automobile uses.
3. the screening technique of old and useless battery echelon use as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, step specifically comprises the steps: in (3)
(3-1) will after step (1) and (2) remaining N number of serial battery;
(3-2) N number of battery is full of electricity;
(3-3) by certain electric current constant-current discharge to V1*N;
(3-4) difference of each cell voltage and voltage V1 is calculated;
(3-5) constant-current discharge is continued to V2*N;
(3-6) difference of each cell voltage and voltage V2 is calculated;
(3-7) constant-current discharge is continued to V3*N;
(3-8) difference of each cell voltage and voltage V3 is calculated.
4. the screening technique that the old and useless battery echelon according to any one of claim 1-3 uses, it is characterized in that, step specifically comprises the steps: in (1)
(1-1) whether intactly battery outward appearance is observed;
(1-2) the whether smooth drying of battery surface is observed, with or without breakage, with or without distortion, with or without spot, with or without bulge flatulence phenomenon;
(1-3) preliminary eliminating does not meet the battery that step (1-1) and (1-2) require.
5. the screening technique that the old and useless battery echelon according to any one of claim 1-4 uses, is characterized in that, after the self discharge parameter of step (2) test battery, gets rid of the battery of internal short-circuit.
6. the screening technique of old and useless battery echelon use as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, in step (3), V1, V2, V3 numerical value is at the discharge range of corresponding battery system, and V1 > V2 > V3.
7. the screening technique that the old and useless battery echelon according to any one of claim 1-6 uses, is characterized in that, the capacity of test battery in step (4), size carries out classification to battery by measure.
8. the screening technique of old and useless battery echelon use as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, also comprise step: battery pack of getting off retired from electric automobile is split before step (1-1); The electrokinetic cell of specification of the same race, model of the same race is separated by group; Step (1-3) comprising: the battery without echelon value directly enters recovery process, has the battery of echelon value to enter next step.
9. the screening technique that the old and useless battery echelon according to any one of claim 1-8 uses, it is characterized in that, step (2) comprises further:
(2-1) battery is charged to full power state with 1/3C electric current;
(2-2) 7 days are at room temperature shelved;
(2-3) capacity of test battery again;
(2-4) self-discharge rate of battery is calculated;
(2-5) battery that self-discharge rate is high, directly eliminates.
10. the screening technique of old and useless battery echelon use as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein, it is characterized in that, step comprises the steps: in (4) further
(4-1) normal capacity of remaining power is tested, by 1/3C testing current;
(4-2) by battery by measure 10% difference be divided into several class;
(4-3) different occasions is used according to different residual capacities.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410466151.6A CN104362395B (en) | 2014-09-12 | The screening technique that a kind of old and useless battery echelon uses |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410466151.6A CN104362395B (en) | 2014-09-12 | The screening technique that a kind of old and useless battery echelon uses |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104362395A true CN104362395A (en) | 2015-02-18 |
| CN104362395B CN104362395B (en) | 2017-01-04 |
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| CN105006589A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-10-28 | 哈尔滨华凯电能科技有限公司 | Recovery method for lithium ion batteries |
| CN105044621A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-11-11 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Configuration method and device of waste power batteries |
| CN105158696A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-16 | 中汽科技发展（苏州）有限公司 | Evaluation method for evaluating service life of battery |
| CN105182244A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-12-23 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Battery test matching screening method |
| CN105738830A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-07-06 | 中山大学 | Cascade utilization analyzing method for lithium-ion power batteries |
| CN105743111A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-07-06 | 荆门市格林美新材料有限公司 | Energy storage system of power battery for echelon utilization vehicle |
| CN105842629A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-10 | 荆门市格林美新材料有限公司 | Power battery cascade utilization detection assessment method |
| CN106099158A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-11-09 | 湖南邦普报废汽车循环有限公司 | The method of waste and old electric automobile power battery echelon utilization and compact power thereof |
| CN106180002A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 北京长城华冠汽车科技股份有限公司 | A kind of battery screening method utilized for echelon |
| CN106226701A (en) * | 2016-07-17 | 2016-12-14 | 安徽卓越电气有限公司 | Waste lithium cell detecting system |
| CN106249155A (en) * | 2016-07-17 | 2016-12-21 | 安徽卓越电气有限公司 | A kind of waste lithium cell detecting system |
| CN106443461A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-02-22 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Battery energy storage system state assessment method |
| CN106816661A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-09 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of secondary utilization system of selection of retired lithium-ion-power cell |
| CN107039698A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-08-11 | 杜文龙 | Improve the chemical synthesizing method of old Soft Roll dynamic lithium battery Capacity uniformity |
| CN107039699A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-08-11 | 杜文龙 | Improve the chemical synthesizing method of old duricrust dynamic lithium battery Capacity uniformity |
| CN107085187A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-08-22 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Echelon utilizes the determination method and device of battery energy storage system consistency maintenance index |
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| CN105006589B (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-08-25 | 哈尔滨凯泰新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of recovery method of lithium ion battery |
| CN105006589A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-10-28 | 哈尔滨华凯电能科技有限公司 | Recovery method for lithium ion batteries |
| CN105158696A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-16 | 中汽科技发展（苏州）有限公司 | Evaluation method for evaluating service life of battery |
| CN105182244A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-12-23 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Battery test matching screening method |
| CN105044621A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-11-11 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Configuration method and device of waste power batteries |
| CN106816661B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2019-08-06 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of secondary use selection method of retired lithium-ion-power cell |
| CN106816661A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-09 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of secondary utilization system of selection of retired lithium-ion-power cell |
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