CN104339101A - Welding flux for one-side submerged-arc welding - Google Patents

Welding flux for one-side submerged-arc welding Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104339101A
CN104339101A CN201410384327.3A CN201410384327A CN104339101A CN 104339101 A CN104339101 A CN 104339101A CN 201410384327 A CN201410384327 A CN 201410384327A CN 104339101 A CN104339101 A CN 104339101A
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quality
content
solder flux
tio
mgo
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CN104339101B (en
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村西良昌
太田诚
幸村正晴
石田齐
堀口元宏
岛本正树
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
    • B23K35/3602—Carbonates, basic oxides or hydroxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/18—Submerged-arc welding

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a welding flux for one-side submerged-arc welding, and integrated surface layer weld bead shapes and mechanical performances can be obtained. The welding flux is composed of total 6-12% by mass of Si, Si alloy and silicon oxides (equivalent value of SiO2), 3-9% by mass of CaO, 15-35% by mass of MgO, 10-23% by mass of TiO2, 2-9% by mass of CaF2, 5-20% by mass of Al2O3, 2-9% by mass of CO2, 1-3% by mass of Na2O, 0.1-1% by mass of B2O3, 0.2-1% by mass of Mo, 10-30% by mass of iron powder, less than 0.9% by mass of Mn, less than 1% by mass of Ti and less than 3% by mass of Al, and the above components satisfy the following formula (I) and the formula (II). 16<=[TiO2+Al2O3]<=35 (I); [TiO2+Al2O3]>=-7.5*([MgO]/[T.SiO2])+43.5 (II).

Description

One side solder flux used for submerged arc welding
Technical field
The solder flux that the one side submerged-arc welding that the electrode that the present invention relates to more than use 1 or 2 carries out is used.In more detail, the welding bead appearance investigation technology of the one side solder flux used for submerged arc welding containing iron powder is related to.
Background technology
In one side submerged-arc welding, usually, in order to ensure deposition amount, can weld at large line and still realize stable welding bead formation, and use the solder flux being added with iron powder (for example, referring to patent document 1,2.)。But in such containing in the existing one side solder flux used for submerged arc welding of iron powder described in patent document 1, easily there is the such problem of small abrasive grit thrust in the surface that there is top layer welding bead.In addition, even if when forming as the solder flux described in patent document 2, can not fully suppress abrasive grit thrust.
The thrust on such welding bead surface, top layer, becomes obstacle in coating process.Such as in shipbuilding field, object is turned to the long lifetime of hull and easy-maintaining, by International Maritime Organization (International Maritime Organization), the coating standard that to have revised with the dual shipboard portion of the ballast box of whole boats and ships and bulk freighter be object, such as, although the splashing occurred when determining welding and welding bead surface blot hinder coating like this, the important document removed can be implemented.Therefore, in the construction process of boats and ships, in order to remove abrasive grit thrust, having to cross over welding bead and carrying out polishing process completely.
Therefore, up to now, in one side solder flux used for submerged arc welding, the technology of the generation had for suppressing abrasive grit thrust is proposed (with reference to patent document 3,4.)。Such as, the solder flux used for submerged arc welding of the one side described in patent document 3, by making particle diameter and apparent density be in specific scope, to realize soundization of welding bead.In addition, in the bonded flux used for submerged arc welding described in patent document 4, in order to suppress the generation of abrasive grit projection, the content of Fe composition is limited in below 5 quality %.
[patent document]
[patent document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 11-267883 publication
[patent document 2] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2000-107885 publication
[patent document 3] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 6-277878 publication
[patent document 4] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2006-272348 publication
But the technology as described in patent document 3, only by particle diameter and the apparent density of restriction solder flux, the generation inhibition for abrasive grit projection is little.In addition, the bonded flux used for submerged arc welding as described in patent document 4, if restriction Fe content, is then difficult to guarantee sufficient deposition amount in the splice joint of slab, during this external large line can weld, and weld bead shape deterioration.So, under existing welding bead appearance investigation technology, in one side submerged-arc welding, not yet reach and maintain iron powder to the additive effect in solder flux, while suppress the generation of abrasive grit projection, make the level of perfecting of welding bead outward appearance.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the present invention is its main purpose is, provide the one side solder flux used for submerged arc welding of the performance of a kind of top layer weld bead shape that can obtain perfecting and machinery.
The present inventors, in order to solve aforesaid problem, in the one side submerged-arc welding of electrode employing more than 1 or 2, experimental study has with keen determination been carried out in order to ensure the viability of top layer welding bead, it found that, in the generation suppressing abrasive grit projection, effectively make total content, content of MgO, the Al of Si, Si alloy in solder flux and Si oxide 2o 3content and TiO 2content is in specific scope, thus completes the present invention.
That is, one side of the present invention solder flux used for submerged arc welding, has following composition: containing at least one (SiO selected from the group that Si, Si alloy and Si oxide are formed 2scaled value): add up to 6 ~ 12 quality %, CaO:3 ~ 9 quality %, MgO:15 ~ 35 quality %, TiO 2: 10 ~ 23 quality %, CaF 2: 2 ~ 9 quality %, Al 2o 3: 5 ~ 20 quality %, CO 2: 2 ~ 9 quality %, Na 2o:1 ~ 3 quality %, B 2o 3: 0.1 ~ 1 quality %, Mo:0.2 ~ 1 quality %, iron powder: 10 ~ 30 quality %, and Mn: be limited in below 0.9 quality %, Ti: be limited in below 1 quality %, Al: be limited in below 3 quality %, if TiO 2and Al 2o 3total content (quality %) be [TiO 2+ Al 2o 3], if the SiO of the total content of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide 2scaled value (quality %) is [T.SiO 2], if when the content of MgO (quality %) is [MgO], meet following formula 1 and formula 2.
[formula 1]
16≤[TiO 2+Al 2O 3]≤35
[formula 2]
[TiO 2+Al 2O 3]≥－7.5×([MgO]/[T.SiO 2])+43.5
In one side of the present invention solder flux used for submerged arc welding, by making TiO 2and Al 2o 3total content be in specific scope, and its total content specific and content of MgO and SiO 2the relation of content, thus at the temperature field that weld seam solidifies, make in slag, to generate MgAlTi system oxide energetically.If MgAlTi system oxide is generated in slag, then the abrasive grit in slag was just combined with this oxide before being deposited on the welding bead surface of solidifying, and was therefore suppressed in the generation of the microvillus on welding bead surface.
This one side solder flux used for submerged arc welding, also can become TiO 2and Al 2o 3total content ([TiO 2+ Al 2o 3]), and the total content ([T.SiO of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide 2]), and the relation of content of MgO ([MgO]), meet the composition of following formula 3.
[formula 3]
[TiO 2+Al 2O 3]≥－7.5×([MgO]/[T.SiO 2])+46.5
In addition, content of MgO also can be 20 ~ 35 quality %.
In addition, TiO 2content also can be 12 ~ 23 quality %.
On the other hand, also Ti can be contained in the scope of 0.1 ~ 1 quality %.
In addition, also Mn can be contained in the scope of 0.1 ~ 0.9 quality %.
In addition, also Al can be contained in the scope of 0.7 ~ 3 quality %.
According to the present invention, because specific flux constituent and content thereof, so employing in single electrode or multielectrode one side submerged-arc welding, no matter pad structure, the performance of weld bead shape and the machinery perfected can both be obtained.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the supposition figure of the abrasive grit generation movement in one side submerged arc welding process.
Fig. 2 is the profile of the bevel shape representing the steel plate used in embodiments of the invention.
Symbol description
1,10 mother metals
2 weld metals
2a welding bead surface
The solder flux of 3 non-meltings
Solder flux (slag) in 4 melting and solidifications
5 iron powders
The aggegation of 6 iron powders
7 aggegation iron powders (abrasive grit)
Detailed description of the invention
Below, be just described in detail for implementing mode of the present invention.Further, the present invention does not limit by the embodiment of following explanation.
Fig. 1 is the supposition figure of the abrasive grit generation movement in one side submerged arc welding process.As shown in Figure 1, in one side submerged-arc welding, when using the existing solder flux 3 containing iron powder 5, infer in the solder flux (slag) 4 in melting/solidify, iron powder 5 aggegation (aggegation 6 of iron powder), this aggegation iron powder (abrasive grit) 7 sedimentation, the surface (welding bead surface 2a) of the weld metal 2 that the weld part being attached to mother metal 1 is formed, small thrust occurs.Therefore, the present inventors, want the characteristic by improving solder flux, solve the problem that abrasive grit projection occurs.
Specifically, the solder flux of embodiments of the present invention, is used to one side submerged-arc welding, at least has following composition: contain with specified quantitative select the group formed from Si, Si alloy and Si oxide at least one, CaO, MgO, TiO 2, CaF 2, Al 2o 3, CO 2, Na 2o, B 2o 3, Mo and iron powder, and Si, Mn, Ti and Al are limited in below specified quantitative.
And, in this solder flux, make TiO 2and Al 2o 3total content be 16 ~ 35 quality %, and make TiO 2and Al 2o 3total content and content of MgO, the relation with the total content of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide, adjusts in the mode meeting following formula 4.Further, in following formula 4, [TiO 2+ Al 2o 3] be TiO 2and Al 2o 3total content (quality %), [MgO] is content of MgO (quality %), [T.SiO 2] be the SiO of the total content of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide 2scaled value (quality %).
[formula 4]
[TiO 2+Al 2O 3]≥－7.5×([MgO]/[T.SiO 2])+43.5
Below, the composition restriction reason for the solder flux of present embodiment is described.
[total content of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide: 6 ~ 12 quality %]
The Si alloy of Si and Fe-Si etc., has deoxidation, reacts and generate SiO with the oxygen in weld metal 2, this SiO 2play a role as binding agent and slag slag former.In addition, Si oxide too, plays a role as slag slag former.
But, if the total content of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide is with SiO 2conversion is more than 12 quality %, then the viscosity of liquid slag entirety increases, and the mobility of slag reduces.So when the submerged-arc welding of high speed one side, top layer weld width cannot launch, and become unstable, therefore easily undercut occurs.In addition, abrasive grit easily occurs.On the other hand, the total content of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide is with SiO 2when converting lower than 6 quality %, the setting temperature of liquid slag becomes too high, therefore can not get good top layer weld bead shape.
Therefore, the total content of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide is with SiO 2be scaled 6 ~ 12 quality %.Further, in the solder flux of present embodiment, containing at least one among Si, Si alloy and Si oxide.
[CaO:3 ~ 9 quality %]
CaO makes the viscosity of liquid slag reduce, and improves the mobility of slag, has the effect of expansion top layer weld width.But if CaO content is more than 9 quality %, then the setting temperature of liquid slag becomes too high, and top layer weld bead shape is impaired.On the other hand, when CaO content is lower than 3 quality %, the mobility that can not get liquid slag improves effect, and top layer weld width is not enough, therefore easily undercut occurs.Therefore, CaO content is 3 ~ 9 quality %.
[MgO:15 ~ 35 quality %]
MgO is the same with aforesaid CaO, and the viscosity of liquid slag is reduced, and improves the mobility of slag, has the effect of expansion top layer weld width.But when the content of MgO is lower than 15 quality %, the mobility that can not get liquid slag improves effect, and top layer weld width is not enough, easily undercut occurs.
On the other hand, because MgO is dystectic composition, if so add more than 35 quality %, then the meltbility of solder flux entirety is impaired, can not guarantee stable welding bead, easily becomes convexity welding bead.At this, so-called " convexity welding bead " is relative to welding direction, top layer welding bead central portion welding bead convexly, is one of bad essential factor of application.Therefore, content of MgO is 15 ~ 35 quality %.Further, preferred content of MgO is more than 20 quality %, thereby, it is possible to improve the mobility of liquid slag, makes top layer weld bead shape more soundization.
[TiO 2: 10 ~ 23 quality %]
TiO 2it the improvement of single fillet welded slag fissility is effective especially composition.But if its content is more than 23 quality %, then the weld ripples of top layer welding bead is thicker.In addition, TiO 2when content is lower than 10 quality %, can not get the improvement effect of aforesaid slag fissility, abrasive grit easily occurs in addition.Therefore, TiO 2content is 10 ~ 23 quality %.Further, from the view point of soundization of top layer weld bead shape, preferred TiO 2content is more than 12 quality %.
[Al 2o 3: 5 ~ 20 quality %]
Al 2o 3being neutral compound, is the viscosity for adjustment slag and the effective composition of setting temperature.But, Al 2o 3when content is lower than 5 quality %, the viscosity of slag and setting temperature reduce, and weld width is irregular.On the other hand, if add Al 2o 3more than 20 quality %, then the setting temperature of slag becomes too high, and welding bead is difficult to expansion, and weld bead shape becomes convex.Therefore, Al 2o 3content is 5 ~ 20 quality %.
[TiO 2+ Al 2o 3: 16 ~ 35 quality %]
As aforementioned, TiO 2and Al 2o 3be to the composition that abrasive grit occurs and weld bead shape has an impact, when its total content is lower than 16 quality %, abrasive grit occurs.On the other hand, if TiO 2and Al 2o 3total content more than 35 quality %, then welding bead easily becomes convex-shaped.Therefore, TiO 2and Al 2o 3total content be 16 ~ 35 quality %.
[CaF 2: 2 ~ 9 quality %]
CaF 2be the composition making the meltbility of solder flux entirety good, particularly as one side submerged-arc welding, solder flux must be melted at short notice, generate in the welding method of slag, composition integral especially.But, if CaF 2content is more than 9 quality %, then arc stability deterioration, easily current interruption occurs.On the other hand, CaF 2when content is lower than 2 quality %, the meltbility that can not get solder flux improves effect, and welding bead crawls generation.Therefore, CaF 2content is 2 ~ 9 quality %.
[CO 2: 2 ~ 9 quality %]
CO 2suppressing nitrogen to be effective composition in the intrusion of weld metal and minimizing diffusivity hydrogen amount, add in solder flux as metal carbonate.But, CO 2when content is lower than 2 quality %, the diffusivity hydrogen amount in weld metal uprises, low temperature resistant anti-thread breakage deterioration.On the other hand, if CO 2content is more than 9 quality %, then gas generating capacity is excessive, in top layer welding bead generation pit.Therefore, CO 2content is 2 ~ 9 quality %.
[Na 2o:1 ~ 3 quality %]
Na 2o is the composition for guaranteeing arc stability.Specifically, Na 2when O content is lower than 1 quality %, arc electrode is unstable, and current interruption occurs, weld bead shape and fusion penetration uneven.On the other hand, if Na 2o content is more than 3 quality %, then resistance to hygroscopicity reduces, low temperature resistant anti-thread breakage deterioration.Therefore, Na 2o content is 1 ~ 3 quality %.
[B 2o 3: 0.1 ~ 1 quality %]
B 2o 3be reduced in welding, in weld metal as B exist, for toughness guarantee effectively play a role.But, B 2o 3when content is lower than 0.1 quality %, this effect cannot play fully, toughness deterioration.On the other hand, if B 2o 3content is more than 1 quality %, then intensity is excessive, and heat cracking occurs.Therefore, B 2o 3content is 0.1 ~ 1 quality %.
[Mo:0.2 ~ 1 quality %]
Mo improves effective composition to hardenability, except Mo monomer, also adds in solder flux with the form of the alloy of Fe-Mo etc.But, when Mo content is lower than 0.2 quality %, weld metal organize coarsening, toughness deterioration.On the other hand, if add Mo more than 1 quality %, then the intensity of weld metal is excessive, and heat cracking occurs.Therefore, Mo content is 0.2 ~ 1 quality %.
[iron powder: 10 ~ 30 quality %]
Iron powder had been once necessary adding ingredient in the one side submerged-arc welding needing a large amount of deposited metals.And, when iron content is lower than 10 quality %, can not get the effect making up deposited metal amount, and the apparent density of solder flux diminishes, therefore anti-blowing property deterioration.On the other hand, if make iron powder contain more than 30 quality %, then, in the solder flux in melting/solidify, the easy aggegation of iron powder, the quantitative change of aggegation iron powder sedimentation is many, and abrasive grit is easily attached to welding bead surface.And the apparent density of solder flux uprises, weld width can not be guaranteed.Therefore, the content of iron powder is 10 ~ 30 quality %.
[below Ti:1 quality %]
Ti is same with aforesaid Si, is the effective composition of oxygen amount for reducing in weld metal, but this effect fully can be reached by the interpolation of Si etc., and therefore in the solder flux of present embodiment, Ti is composition not necessarily.In addition, if Ti content is more than 1 quality %, then slag heating adheres to welding bead surface, the deterioration of slag fissility.Therefore, Ti content is limited in below 1 quality %.
On the other hand, Ti contains more than 0.1 quality %, then the deoxidation effect of weld metal realizes further, can realize the raising of toughness.Therefore, in the solder flux of present embodiment, as required, Ti can be contained in the scope of 0.1 ~ 1 quality %.Further, Ti, except Ti monomer, also adds in solder flux with the form of the alloy of Fe-Ti etc.
[below Mn:0.9 quality %]
Mn is same with aforesaid Mo, has the effect that hardenability is improved, and the raising of intensity and toughness is effective composition, if but Mn content more than 0.9 quality %, then slag heating adheres to welding bead surface, the deterioration of slag fissility.In addition, in the solder flux of present embodiment, because by adding Mo, the effect of hardenability can be obtained thus, so Mn content is limited in below 0.9 quality %.
On the other hand, if reach more than 0.1 quality % containing Mn, then can realize the further raising of hardenability, toughness is improved.Therefore, in the solder flux of present embodiment, as required, Mn can be contained in the scope of 0.1 ~ 0.9 quality %.Further, Mn, except Mn monomer, also adds in solder flux with the form of the alloy of Fe-Mn etc.
[below Al:3 quality %]
Al makes organizing of weld metal fine, is to the effective composition of the raising of toughness.But this effect fully can be reached by adding other compositions, and therefore in the solder flux of present embodiment, Al is composition not necessarily.In addition, if Al content is more than 3 quality %, then overquenching, intensity rises, and low-temperature cracks occurs.Therefore, Al content is limited in below 3 quality %.
[TiO 2and Al 2o 3total content, with content of MgO, with the relation of the total content of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide]
To meet the mode of above-mentioned formula 4, adjustment TiO 2, Al 2o 3, MgO, Si, Si alloy and Si oxide addition, near the temperature can solidified at weld seam, make in slag, to form MgAlTi system oxide energetically.Further, this MgAlTi system oxide is not defined as single-phase, can generate by complex phase yet.
In addition, if the MgAlTi system temperature of oxide near weld seam solidifies generates in slag, then the abrasive grit in slag can be made to rest in slag before dropping to welding bead surface.Consequently, the generation of the microvillus on welding bead surface can be suppressed.But, TiO 2and Al 2o 3total content, with content of MgO, with the relation of the total content of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide, when not meeting above-mentioned formula 4, MgAlTi system oxide cannot be generated in slag during welding, therefore the abrasive grit at the temperature near weld seam solidifies in slag solidifies, and drops to welding bead surface and microvillus occurs.
Further, TiO 2and Al 2o 3total content, with content of MgO, the relation with the total content of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide, preferably meets following formula 5, thereby, it is possible to improve the generation inhibition of abrasive grit projection further.
[formula 5]
[TiO 2+Al 2O 3]≥－7.5×([MgO]/[T.SiO 2])+46.5
[other composition]
The composition other than the above of the solder flux of present embodiment is FeO, ZrO 2and K 2o etc.
[manufacture method]
When manufacturing the solder flux of present embodiment, such as, Blend Stocks powder, makes it to become aforesaid composition, after mixing, carries out granulation, burns till together with adhesive.At this moment, as adhesive (binder), such as, the aqueous solution and the waterglass of polyvinyl alcohol etc. can be used.In addition, comminution granulation is not particularly limited, but preferably uses the method for roller comminutor and extruded type comminutor etc.
In addition, the solder flux of granulation, preferably carries out the whole grain process of the fragmentation of dust and thick grain etc., makes particle diameter become below 2.5mm.On the other hand, burning till after granulation, can carry out with rotary kiln, fixed batch-type furnace and belt firing furnace etc.At this moment firing temperature is preferably 400 ~ 650 DEG C.
As described in detail above, the solder flux of present embodiment, carry out intention from the genesis mechanism of microvillus to prepare, with the specific flux constituent of new viewpoint and content, therefore single electrode or multielectrode one side submerged-arc welding is being employed, no matter pad structure, the performance of sound weld bead shape and machinery can both be obtained.
Specifically, make 6 ~ 12 quality % that the total content of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide becomes few than ever, and make Al 2o 3and TiO 2total content be 16 ~ 35 quality %, in addition, specific T iO 2and Al 2o 3total content and the relation of total content of content of MgO and Si, Si alloy and Si oxide, therefore, it is possible to the aggegation of iron powder in solder flux in suppressing melting/solidify and the abrasive grit of generation are to the attachment of top layer welding bead.Thus, in one side submerged-arc welding, the excellent of machinery can be formed, there is no the sound top layer welding bead of abrasive grit projection.
Also have, the solder flux of present embodiment, mainly use in one side submerged-arc welding method, about its pad approach, be not particularly limited, with the flux copper-gasket method that solder flux and copper are gasket material, be only the solder flux liner method of gasket material with solder flux, employing any one methods such as the liner method of solid solder flux can both be suitable for.In addition, about liner solder flux, be also not particularly limited, can directly apply existing solder flux.
[embodiment]
Below, enumerate examples and comparative examples of the present invention, effect of the present invention is illustrated particularly.In the present embodiment, use the welding wire shown in the steel plate shown in following table 1 and table 2, the bevel shape of the welding condition according to following table 3 and the steel plate shown in Fig. 2 (mother metal 10), implement one side submerged-arc welding, for the solder flux of the comparative example shown in the solder flux of the embodiment shown in following table 4 and following table 5, evaluate its performance.Further, in the present embodiment, Blend Stocks makes it to become the composition shown in following table 4 and table 5, after mixing together with adhesive (waterglass), carry out granulation, re-use rotary kiln and burn till with 400 ~ 650 DEG C, carry out whole grain, obtain the solder flux that particle diameter is below 2.5mm.
[table 1]
[table 2]
[table 3]
[table 4]
[table 5]
Further, the surplus of the steel plate composition shown in above-mentioned table 1 and the composition of the welding wire shown in above-mentioned table 2 is Fe and inevitable impurity.In addition, " AT " shown in above-mentioned table 4 and table 5 is Al 2o 3+ TiO 2total content ([Al 2o 3+ TiO 2]), " MG " is the right (-7.5 × ([MgO]/[T.SiO of above-mentioned formula 4 2])+43.5) and value, " MH " is the right (-7.5 × ([MgO]/[T.SiO of above-mentioned formula 5 2])+46.5) and value.
The evaluation of each solder flux of embodiment and comparative example, by welding operation (welding bead outward appearance, undercut etc.), carry out according to the ultrasonic examination (UT) test (having flawless, slag inclusion etc.) of JIS Z3060 and the pendulum impact test of foundation JIS Z2242.
These evaluation results are presented in following table 6 and table 7.Further, in the evaluation of " abrasive grit projection " shown in following table 6 and table 7, being preferably ◎, is well zero, be badly ×.In addition, pendulum impact test, it can (vE-20 DEG C) be qualified at more than 50J that pendulum at test temperature-20 DEG C absorbs, and lower than 50J is defective.
[table 6]
[table 7]
As shown in table 6, the solder flux of the embodiment 1 ~ 31 made within the scope of the invention, welding operation, ultrasonic examination (UT) test and toughness (vE-20 DEG C) are all good.Particularly meet completely and this application claims the important document of 2 ~ 4 defineds, suppress the effect of the generation of abrasive grit projection high, the evaluation excellence (◎) of abrasive grit projection.In addition, contain Ti and Mn with specified quantitative, with not containing the embodiment 17 of these elements solder flux compared with, the toughness of weld metal improves, and particularly containing Ti and Mn two side, can obtain the weld metal of tenacity excellent.
In contrast, as shown in table 7, the solder flux of comparative example 1, lower than the lower limit of the scope of the invention, therefore there is convexity welding bead in the total content of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide.On the other hand, the solder flux of comparative example 2, because the total content of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide exceedes the upper limit of the scope of the invention, so undercut occurs.In addition, the solder flux of comparative example 3, because CaO content is lower than the lower limit of the scope of the invention, so undercut occurs.On the other hand, the solder flux of comparative example 4, because CaO content exceedes the upper limit of the scope of the invention, so welding bead is convex.
The solder flux of comparative example 5, the content of the MgO in solder flux, because lower than the lower limit of the scope of the invention, so undercut occurs.On the other hand, the solder flux of comparative example 6, because the content of MgO exceedes the upper limit of the scope of the invention, so convexity welding bead occurs.The solder flux of comparative example 7, because TiO 2content is lower than the lower limit of the scope of the invention, so slag heating adhesion and abrasive grit occur.On the other hand, the solder flux of comparative example 8, because TiO 2content exceedes the upper limit of the scope of the invention, so the weld ripples of welding bead is thicker.
The solder flux of comparative example 9 is because CaF 2content lower than the lower limit of the scope of the invention, the generation so welding bead crawls.On the other hand, the solder flux of comparative example 10, because CaF 2content exceedes the upper limit of the scope of the invention, so current interruption takes place frequently.In addition, the solder flux of comparative example 11, because Al 2o 3content is lower than the lower limit of the scope of the invention, so weld width is bad to agent.On the other hand, the solder flux of comparative example 12, because Al 2o 3content exceedes the upper limit of the scope of the invention, so welding bead is convex.
The solder flux of comparative example 13, because CO 2content is lower than the lower limit of the scope of the invention, so the diffusivity hydrogen amount in weld metal uprises, low-temperature cracks occurs.On the other hand, the solder flux of comparative example 14, because CO 2content exceedes the upper limit of the scope of the invention, so pit occurs on welding bead surface.In addition, the solder flux of comparative example 15, because Na 2o content lower than the lower limit of the scope of the invention, the generation so the welding bead that current interruption causes crawls.On the other hand, the solder flux of comparative example 16, because Na 2o content exceedes the upper limit of the scope of the invention, so low-temperature cracks occurs.
The solder flux of comparative example 17, because B 2o 3content is lower than the lower limit of the scope of the invention, so toughness is deteriorated.On the other hand, the solder flux of comparative example 18, because B 2o 3content exceedes the upper limit of the scope of the invention, so there is heat cracking in weld metal.In addition, the solder flux of comparative example 19, because Mo content is lower than the lower limit of the scope of the invention, so toughness is deteriorated.On the other hand, because Mo content exceedes the upper limit of the scope of the invention, so there is heat cracking in weld metal in the solder flux of comparative example 20.
The solder flux of comparative example 21, because Fe (iron powder) content is lower than the lower limit of the scope of the invention, occurs so blow the welding bead bad order caused that takes place frequently.On the other hand, the solder flux of comparative example 22, because Fe (iron powder) content exceedes the upper limit of the scope of the invention, so there is abrasive grit in welding bead surface.In addition, the solder flux of comparative example 23, because Al 2o 3and TiO 2total content lower than the lower limit of the scope of the invention, so there is abrasive grit in welding bead surface.On the other hand, the solder flux of comparative example 24, because Al 2o 3and TiO 2total content exceed the upper limit of the scope of the invention, so there is convexity welding bead.
The solder flux of comparative example 26, because Ti content exceedes the upper limit of the scope of the invention, so slag fissility is deteriorated.In addition, the solder flux of comparative example 27, because Mn content exceedes the upper limit of the scope of the invention, so slag fissility is deteriorated.In addition, the solder flux of comparative example 28, because Al content exceedes the upper limit of the scope of the invention, so low-temperature cracks occurs.
The solder flux of comparative example 25,29 ~ 33, compares the value of " AT ", and value one side of " MG " is large, TiO 2and Al 2o 3total content and the relation of total content of content of MgO and Si, Si alloy and Si oxide do not meet above-mentioned formula 4, so abrasive grit occurs on welding bead surface.
Also have, in the evaluation of each solder flux of aforesaid embodiment and comparative example, the gasket material generated by solid solder flux is used to implement one side submerged-arc welding, but using the flux copper-gasket method of copper coin and liner solder flux and do not using copper coin but make the solidification of liner solder flux while in the solder flux liner method of carrying out, the result that cardinal principle is same also can be obtained.In addition, the result of three electrode weldings is shown in table 4 and table 5, but at other single electrodes, bipolar electrode, also have in four electrode weldings, the melting/process of setting of solder flux does not after welding have difference, therefore, it is possible to obtain the result same with during three electrode welding shown in table 4 and table 5.
Arrive according to above results verification, the solder flux of the application of the invention, in single electrode or multielectrode one side submerged-arc welding, the top layer weld bead shape that perfects and mechanical property can be obtained.

Claims (3)

1. an one side solder flux used for submerged arc welding, wherein, at least one containing selecting from the group that Si, Si alloy and Si oxide are formed: with SiO 2scaled value meter adds up to 6 ~ 12 quality %, CaO:3 ~ 9 quality %, MgO:15 ~ 35 quality %, TiO 2: 10 ~ 23 quality %, CaF 2: 2 ~ 9 quality %, Al 2o 3: 5 ~ 20 quality %, CO 2: 2 ~ 9 quality %, Na 2o:1 ~ 3 quality %, B 2o 3: 0.1 ~ 1 quality %, Mo:0.2 ~ 1 quality %, iron powder: 10 ~ 30 quality %, and, Mn: be limited in below 0.9 quality %, Ti: be limited in below 1 quality %, Al: be limited in below 3 quality %,
Further, TiO is being established 2and Al 2o 3mass percent total content be [TiO 2+ Al 2o 3], the SiO of the mass percent total content of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide 2scaled value is [T.SiO 2], when the mass percentage content of MgO is [MgO], meet following formula (I) and (II),
16≤[TiO 2+Al 2O 3]≤35 …(I)
[TiO 2+Al 2O 3]≥－7.5×([MgO]/[T.SiO 2])+43.5 …(II)。
2. one side according to claim 1 solder flux used for submerged arc welding, is characterized in that, TiO 2and Al 2o 3total content [TiO 2+ Al 2o 3], with the total content [T.SiO of Si, Si alloy and Si oxide 2], with the relation of content of MgO [MgO], meet following formula (III),
[TiO 2+Al 2O 3]≥－7.5×([M gO]/[T.SiO 2])+46.5 …(III)。
3. one side according to claim 1 and 2 solder flux used for submerged arc welding, is characterized in that, also meets at least 1 in following (1) ~ (4):
(1) content of MgO is 20 ~ 35 quality %;
(2) TiO 2content is 12 ~ 23 quality %;
(3) containing Ti:0.1 ~ 1 quality %;
(4) be 0.1 ~ 0.9 quality % containing Mn.
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