CN104326590A - Method and device for making salt by using seawater - Google Patents
Method and device for making salt by using seawater Download PDFInfo
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- CN104326590A CN104326590A CN201410706555.8A CN201410706555A CN104326590A CN 104326590 A CN104326590 A CN 104326590A CN 201410706555 A CN201410706555 A CN 201410706555A CN 104326590 A CN104326590 A CN 104326590A
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 67
- 241001131796 Botaurus stellaris Species 0.000 claims description 62
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000218218 Ficus <angiosperm> Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009287 sand filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical class Br* 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000019600 saltiness Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 alkene acid amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000013 aluminium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000329 aluminium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000005837 radical ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Landscapes
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for making salt by using seawater and relates to the field of seawater desalination and salt making. The method comprises the following steps: filtering the seawater to obtain filtered seawater; exchanging heat of the filtered seawater to make sure that the temperature of the filtered seawater is 20 to 35 DEG C and then performing nanofiltration treatment to obtain concentrated brine and fresh water; delivering the concentrated brine to a bromine plant to extract bromine to obtain secondary concentrated brine; evaporating the secondary concentrated brine in the sun to obtain saturated brine and crude salt; treating the saturated brine by means of vacuum salt production to obtain the fresh water and industrial salt. According to the method provided by the invention, the seawater (or semi-finished brine) is taken as a source, and finished products such as the fresh water, the crude salt, the industrial salt, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate and the like are separated from the seawater, so that reutilization of the concentrated brine is realized, and the defect that bad influences are caused to marine ecology due to direct emission of the concentrated brine in the sea is overcome.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sea water desaltination, salt manufacturing field, in particular to a kind of method and the device thereof that utilize preparing salt by working up seawater.
Background technology
Fresh water (fresh water) refers to that saltiness is less than the water of 500mg/L, and Freshwater resources refer to underground water, lake fresh water and river bed water, and three's summation accounts for 0.77% of earth total Water.On the earth, the total amount of water is 1,400,000,000 cubes of kms, fresh water reserves only account for 2.53% of global total Water, and wherein 68.7% belong to again solid glacier, be distributed in and be difficult to the high mountain He Nan utilized, northern polar regions, some fresh water buries the place very dark in underground, is difficult to carry out exploitation and utilizes.
But, along with the exhaustion day by day of Freshwater resources, and all types of industries is aggravated the pollution of Freshwater resources, the Freshwater resources that people depend on for existence have been no longer " inexhaustible; nexhaustible ", utilizable fresh water is very limited, and especially for country and some high hypo areas of some water resources shortages, the lack of water present situation faced is very serious.
So seawater fresh water technology is applied and gives birth to, and sea water desaltination is that the mankind have pursued the dream of centuries.Before more than 250 years, British royal family was just once put on someone's head and was solicited economical method for desalting seawater.After the 1950's, desalination technology obtains accelerated development along with the aggravation of Freshwater resources crisis.
The large-scale application of desalination technology starts from the Middle East of arid, but is not limited to this area.Due in the world more than 70% population all live in region within foreign 120 kilometers off sea, thus the many countries and regions of nearly more than 20 years of desalination technology rapidly beyond the Middle East are applied.At present, about Global Seawater desalination day output about 3500 ten thousand stere, wherein 80% for tap water, solves the water supply problem of people more than 100,000,000, and sea water desaltination substituting and increment technique as Freshwater resources, is more and more subject to the attention of many maritime nations in the world.The whole world directly utilizes seawater as about annual about 6000 billion cubic meters of industrial colling total amount, instead of a large amount of valuable Freshwater resources; The whole world carries more than 260 ten thousand tons, salt 5,000 ten thousand tons, magnesium and magnesium oxide, bromine 200,000 tons etc. every year from ocean.
In more than the 20 kind of desalination techniques developed, current main method has multiple-effect evaporation (MED), reverse osmosis (RO) and multistage flash evaporation (MSF) etc., and the method being applicable to large-scale sea water desaltination only has MED, MSF and SWRO.Worldwide obtain rapidly and apply more widely after low temperature multiple-effect distillation (LT-MED) exploitation in MED method, currently become desalination technology most with prospects together with SWRO with MSF.
Low-temperature multiple-effect seawater desalination technology refers to that the most high evaporation temperature of salt solution is lower than the desalination techniques of 70 DEG C, a series of level pipe sprinkling falling-film evaporator is together in series by it, with a certain amount of steam input by evaporation repeatedly and condensation, the vaporization temperature of an effect next all lower than one imitating, thus obtains the desalination process of the distilled water being multiple times than quantity of steam above.SWRO method (reverse osmosis method sea water desaltination) be utilize only allow solvent through, do not allow solute through semi-permeable membranes, seawater and freshwater is separated.The great advantage of reverse osmosis method is energy-conservation.Its energy consumption is only 1/2 of electroosmose process, 1/4 of distillation method.Therefore, from 1974, the developed countries such as America and Japan just successively turn to reverse osmosis method development center of gravity.The advantages such as the investment that SWRO method has is low, energy consumption is low, the construction period is short, are applicable to the Seawater Desalination Project building various scale.Its outstanding advantages is exactly that cost is lower, greatly about 0.50 ~ 0.70 dollar/m
3between desalination, this also depends on energy cost.But SWRO also creates a large amount of strong brine (or be called bittern, account for 55 ~ 60% of former seawater amount) while preparing fresh.But mostly operation common is at present a large amount of strong brine (bittern) produced directly to be discharged into marine greatly; If things go on like this, the ecotope of seawater will serious unbalance, also can produce baneful influence to surrounding waters and seawater surrounding enviroment.
In view of this, special proposition the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method utilizing preparing salt by working up seawater, described utilize the method for preparing salt by working up seawater to achieve sea water desaltination while, also salt solution (bittern) is carried out further separating treatment, obtaining can Industrial Salt, magnesium sulfate, the calcium chloride of direct marketing, overcome in prior art, bittern is directly poured in down a chimney marine after can damage the problem of seawater ecotope; Meanwhile, owing to extracting in the process of bromine in bromine factory, the concentration of concentrated brine is high (bromine content is large), and then also saves electricity consumption while adding bromine output, has the advantage of saves energy.
The second object of the present invention is that providing a kind of realizes the described device utilizing the method for preparing salt by working up seawater, and in this device, each equipment can ensure the realization of a whole set of preparing salt by working up seawater method.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy by the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a kind of method utilizing preparing salt by working up seawater, comprise the following steps:
1), by seawater filter, obtain filtering rear seawater;
2), by seawater after described filter carry out heat exchange process, carry out nanofiltration process after making its temperature reach 20-35 DEG C, obtain concentrated brine and fresh water;
3), by described concentrated brine be input to bromine factory and extract bromine, obtain secondary concentration bittern;
4), by described secondary concentration bittern evaporate brine, obtain saturated bittern and crude salt;
5), by described saturated bittern carry out vacuum salt production operation, obtain fresh water and and Industrial Salt.
This method utilizing preparing salt by working up seawater provided by the invention, first filters seawater, and obtain filtering rear seawater, after the filter obtained, seawater is after heat exchange, carries out nanofiltration process after making its temperature obtain 20-35 DEG C; After nanofiltration process, the fresh water that can be used as process water or domestic water (need purify further) can be obtained.Concentrated brine need be further processed again, and the bromine content of this concentrated brine is higher, generally reaches 180-200g/m
3, carry out bromine extraction after being transported to bromine factory, because the bromine content of the concentrated seawater after nanofiltration is very high, therefore, the output extracting bromine is also very high; Only consume 10,000 degree of electricity and can extract 2 tons of bromines (in existing operation, extracting 1 ton of bromine needs power consumption 20,000 degree), save electric energy greatly.Through the secondary concentration bittern that bromine factory exports, its degree Beaume generally all reaches more than 13, directly can carry out solarization Ficus caricaL, because the saltiness in secondary concentration bittern is very high, the productive rate of therefore evaporating brine is also higher, and the crude salt obtained can be processed once again, and the degree Beaume of remaining saturated bittern is higher than 20, carried out vacuum salt production operation, further isolated fresh water and Industrial Salt; Can also saturated bittern be the separation and Extraction that raw material carries out magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride or calcium water simultaneously.
This method provided by the invention, its with seawater (or work in-process bittern) for source, after a series of processing and utilization, therefrom isolate fresh water, crude salt, Industrial Salt and the finished product such as calcium chloride and magnesium sulfate, the concentrated brine that treating processes produces is achieved and utilizes once again, overcome it is directly entered marine after can cause the defect of disliking slightly impact to marine ecology.
Optionally, in step 1) in:
Described filtration comprises filtration and comprises successively: quartz sand filtration, activated carbon filtration and security personnel filter.
Optionally, in step 1) in:
Before seawater is carried out described filtration, also add sterilant and flocculation agent in the seawater.
Optionally, in step 2) in:
Described heat exchange processing and utilizing earth source heat pump carries out.
Optionally, in step 2) in:
In the process of described nanofiltration process, the aperture of nanofiltration membrane used is less than 1 nanometer, and the molecular weight of its material retained is 200-800MV.
Optionally, in step 2) in: the working pressure in the process of described nanofiltration process is 0.3-0.4 MPa.
Optionally, in step 4) in, specifically comprise:
Described secondary concentration bittern is input to multiple solarization salt pond and carries out solarization Ficus caricaL, obtain saturated bittern and crude salt.
Realize the described device utilizing the method for preparing salt by working up seawater, comprising:
Primary filter: for being filtered by seawater, obtains filtering rear seawater;
Earth source heat pump: for carrying out heat exchange to seawater after described filter, and make its temperature reach 20-35 DEG C;
Nanofiltration device: carry out nanofiltration process for seawater after the described filter after heat exchange, and obtain concentrated brine and fresh water;
Bromine extraction equipment: for being separated by the bromine in concentrated brine, and obtain secondary concentration bittern;
MVR vaporizer: for being separated by the fresh water in saturated bittern, and obtain fresh water and Industrial Salt.
Optionally, described primary filter comprises: quartz filter, activated charcoal filter and cartridge filter.
Optionally, also e Foerderanlage is comprised:
Described e Foerderanlage is connected with described nanofiltration device, and for the concentrated brine exported from described nanofiltration device is input in described bromine extraction equipment.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1), its with seawater (or work in-process bittern) for source, after a series of processing and utilization, therefrom isolate fresh water, crude salt, Industrial Salt and the finished product such as calcium chloride and magnesium sulfate, the concentrated brine that treating processes produces is achieved and utilizes once again, overcome it is directly entered marine after the defect that can damage marine ecology
(2), seawater by after nanofiltration process, the Freshwater resources of extraction, fully can be applied to each large chemical enterprise, realize process water for and.Add treating plant device and form domestic water, meet needed for people's domestic water.
(3), seawater extracted after fresh water by nanofiltration and remains concentrated brine, and the bittern number of degrees increase substantially.Because the concentrated brine number of degrees improve after using bromine factory, in bittern, bromine composition also improves in succession, and the output increasing bromine reduces current consumption simultaneously.
(4), the residue bittern that formed after a series of processing and utilization of seawater, extract composition wherein as calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate etc., realize useless Water reuse, zero release.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below.
Fig. 1 provides the schema of the method utilizing preparing salt by working up seawater for the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 provides the schematic flow sheet of the method utilizing preparing salt by working up seawater for the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are described in detail, but it will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example only for illustration of the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention.Unreceipted actual conditions person in embodiment, the condition of conveniently conditioned disjunction manufacturers suggestion is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, be and can buy by commercially available the conventional products obtained.
The invention provides a kind of method utilizing preparing salt by working up seawater, comprise the following steps:
1), by seawater filter, obtain filtering rear seawater; 2), by seawater after described filter carry out heat exchange process, carry out nanofiltration process after making its temperature reach 20-35 DEG C, obtain concentrated brine and fresh water; 3), by described concentrated brine be input to bromine factory and extract bromine, obtain secondary concentration bittern; 4), by described secondary concentration bittern evaporate brine, obtain saturated bittern and crude salt; 5), by described saturated bittern carry out vacuum salt production operation, obtain fresh water and Industrial Salt.
On above-mentioned basis, in order to the purity higher (as much as possible the suspended substance in seawater and macromolecular substance are removed, ensure to cause disadvantageous effect to the performance of equipment in subsequent disposal) making the method utilizing preparing salt by working up seawater have pending seawater; Or make obtained fresh water index higher, safer; Or ensure that nanofiltration device can be carried out smoothly, nanofiltration membrane will be caused damaged because of the temperature of seawater after filter or pressure, reduce energy consumption simultaneously; Or efficiently the fresh water in seawater after filter and concentrated brine are separated; Or ensure the productive rate of the crude salt of evaporating brine in process.Preferably, can also in conjunction with the next item down or whole restrictions; As, described filtration comprises filtration and comprises successively: quartz sand filtration, activated carbon filtration and security personnel filter; As, before seawater is carried out described filtration, also add sterilant and flocculation agent in the seawater; Or described heat exchange processing and utilizing earth source heat pump carries out; Or in the process of described nanofiltration process, the aperture of nanofiltration membrane used is less than 1 nanometer, the molecular weight of its material retained is 200-800MV; Or the working pressure in the process of described nanofiltration process is 0.3-0.4 MPa; Further, in the process of evaporating brine, described secondary concentration bittern is input to multiple solarization salt pond and carries out solarization Ficus caricaL, obtain saturated bittern and crude salt.
This method utilizing preparing salt by working up seawater provided by the invention, first filters seawater, and obtain filtering rear seawater, after the filter obtained, seawater is after heat exchange, carries out nanofiltration process after making its temperature obtain 20-35 DEG C; After nanofiltration process, the fresh water that can be used as process water or domestic water (need purify further) can be obtained.Concentrated brine need be further processed again, and the bromine content of this concentrated brine is higher, generally reaches 180-200g/m
3, carry out bromine extraction after being transported to bromine factory, because the bromine content of the concentrated seawater after nanofiltration is very high, therefore, the output extracting bromine is also very high; Only consume 10,000 degree of electricity and can extract 2 tons of bromines (in existing operation, extracting 1 ton of bromine needs power consumption 20,000 degree), save electric energy greatly.Through the secondary concentration bittern that bromine factory exports, its degree Beaume generally all reaches more than 13, directly can carry out solarization Ficus caricaL, because the saltiness in secondary concentration bittern is very high, the productive rate of therefore evaporating brine is also higher, and the crude salt obtained can be processed once again, and the degree Beaume of remaining saturated bittern is higher than 20, carried out vacuum salt production operation, further isolated fresh water.In addition, for saturated bittern, also can be used as the separation and Extraction that raw material carries out magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride or calcium water.
This method provided by the invention, its with seawater (or work in-process bittern) for source, after a series of processing and utilization, therefrom isolate fresh water, crude salt, Industrial Salt and the finished product such as calcium chloride and magnesium sulfate, the concentrated brine that treating processes produces is achieved and utilizes once again, overcome it is directly entered marine after the defect that can damage marine ecology.
Next, in conjunction with above content, to the following specific embodiment that utilized the method for preparing salt by working up seawater to enumerate of the present invention:
Embodiment 1
Please refer to Fig. 1, the method for what the embodiment of the present invention provided utilize preparing salt by working up seawater, comprises the following steps:
Step 101: filtered by seawater, obtains filtering rear seawater;
In this step, by filtering, by suspended substance contained in seawater, Large stone impurity (being greater than 5 microns) is removed, and then ensured the cleanliness factor of seawater after filter, further overcome in nanofiltration process due to can impaired potentially dangerous containing Large stone impurity and then the nanofiltration membrane that can cause in seawater.
Step 102: by seawater to make heat exchange process after described filter, carries out nanofiltration process after making its temperature reach 25 DEG C, obtains concentrated brine and fresh water;
Generally speaking, in the process of nanofiltration process, after filter, the temperature of seawater is when 20-22 DEG C, its nanofiltration best results; And, have seawater after the filter of both constant-pressures can the degree of damage of nanofiltration membrane also smaller, therefore, in the present embodiment, in advance heat exchange process is carried out to seawater after filter, after making its temperature reach 25 DEG C, is carried out nanofiltration process again.
In addition, after heat exchange process, seawater after the filter of temperature between 20-35 DEG C, it there will not be due to the lower and icing phenomenon of temperature, and then can ensure that whole desalination treatment scheme all can be implemented at all seasons.
Step 103: described concentrated brine is input to bromine factory and extracts bromine, obtain secondary concentration bittern;
After nanofiltration process, can obtain fresh water and concentrated brine, the fresh water obtained can be used as process water and domestic water after directly carrying out processing once again.More crucially, need be further processed by the concentrated brine obtained, after nanofiltration, the bromine content of the concentrated brine obtained can reach 180-200g/m
3, its degree Beaume can reach 12; Its bromine content is very large, therefore, in the process extracting bromine, only need power consumption 1W degree can realize the output of 2 tons of bromines, and in traditional bromine production, producing 1 ton of bromine needs power consumption 1W degree, has saved electricity greatly.
Step 104: described secondary concentration bittern is evaporated brine, obtains saturated bittern and crude salt;
In this step, the degree Beaume of the secondary concentration bittern obtained can further improve, its can reach 13 or more than; Therefore, it directly can be carried out solarization Ficus caricaL, because its concentration is comparatively large, and then the productive rate of evaporating brine can be made also larger, and recovery and the bittern saturation effect of crude salt can be realized without the need to the too large-area place of evaporating brine of consumption.
Step 105: described saturated bittern is carried out vacuum salt production operation, obtains fresh water and Industrial Salt.
In the saturated bittern obtained, carried out vacuum salt production operation, in this operation, because the salts contg in saturated bittern is very large, therefore, the operation efficiency of vacuum salt production operation is very high; The more conventional processing mode of seawater directly being carried out vacuum salt production is compared, and its product salt rate is high, less energy consumption.
In addition, for saturated bittern (saltiness is very large, mainly containing metal ion and number acid radical ions such as sodium, calcium, magnesium), in further technical scheme, it can be used as extraction raw material, isolating magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride etc. respectively can the product of direct marketing.
In addition, in further technical scheme, in whole treating processes, take bittern as raw material substitution seawater, carry out whole desalination and salt-making process, the flow process of whole operation is consistent with embodiment 1, and therefore not to repeat here.
Embodiment 2
The method of what the embodiment of the present invention provided utilize preparing salt by working up seawater, comprise the following steps, its simple process please refer to Fig. 2:
S21: after seawater adds sterilant and flocculation agent, carries out quartz sand filtration, activated carbon filtration and security personnel and filters, obtain filtering rear seawater;
Add sterilant in the seawater, remove to realize the harmful microorganism existed in seawater to kill, ensure the security in follow-up obtained fresh water and salt-making process.The flocculation agent added mainly contains inorganic flocculating agent, organic floculant, microbial flocculant and composite flocculation agent.Wherein, in inorganic flocculating agent, with being most widely used of aluminium salt system and molysite system; And the most conventional with polyphenyl alkene acid amides in organic floculant, under the effect of flocculation agent, the suspended substance flocculation in seawater, makes the turbidity of seawater and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduce, can by filtering after suspended substance flocculation.In this application, preferably, the flocculation agent added is inorganic flocculating agent.
Quartz sand filtration, activated carbon filtration and security personnel filter the particle removal that effectively particle diameter existed in seawater can be greater than 5 microns, the cleanliness factor filtering rear seawater is improved, ensure effectively carrying out of nanofiltration treating processes, and significantly improve due to the cleanliness factor filtering rear seawater, further add the work-ing life of the nanofiltration membrane in nanofiltration process.
S22: seawater utilization earth source heat pump after described filter is carried out heat exchange process, carries out nanofiltration process after making its temperature reach 20-35 DEG C, obtains concentrated brine and fresh water;
Power consumption is few, pollution-free on the one hand for the mode of earth source heat pump heat exchange; On the other hand, it can ensure that filtering rear seawater all reaches required temperature at all seasons, and the whole year for preparing salt by working up seawater implements to provide guarantee.
Wherein, in the process of described nanofiltration process, the aperture of nanofiltration membrane used is less than 1 nanometer, and the molecular weight of its material retained is 200-800MV; Working pressure in the process of described nanofiltration process is 0.3-0.4 MPa.
In the process of nanofiltration process, the aperture due to nanofiltration membrane is less than 1 nanometer, and the molecular weight of the material that can retain is 200-800MV; Most suspended substances contained in seawater after filter, particle, bacterium, virus, colloid and larger molecular organics etc. can by filterings; And in the process of nanofiltration process, only need 0.3-0.4 MPa to realize, further saved power consumption.
S23: described concentrated brine is input to bromine factory and extracts bromine, obtain secondary concentration bittern
S24: described secondary concentration bittern is evaporated brine, obtains saturated bittern and crude salt;
S25: described for part saturated bittern is carried out vacuum salt production operation, obtains fresh water and Industrial Salt;
S26: with the described saturated bittern of part and described crude salt for raw material, extracts Industrial Salt, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride.
This method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, wherein in a more preferred technical scheme (embodiment 3), its with the bittern (strong brine) in desalting process for raw material, it is directly carried out nanofiltration (specifically to start with the step S22 in embodiment 2, seawater after substituting filter) and carry out follow-up identical process (concrete treatment step does not repeat at this), the program realizes producing of a large amount of bromines with less current consumption, realizes useless Water reuse and zero release.
What various embodiments of the present invention provided utilizes in the method application sea water desaltination of preparing salt by working up seawater and the concrete operations of salt manufacturing, and result please refer to table 1:
The extraction effect of the method for preparing salt by working up seawater that what table 1 various embodiments of the present invention provided utilize
In addition, present invention also offers a kind of realize above-described embodiment lift the device of method, specifically please refer to embodiment 3:
Embodiment 3
The realization that the embodiment of the present invention provides utilizes the device of the method for preparing salt by working up seawater, comprises primary filter, earth source heat pump, nanofiltration device, bromine extraction equipment, MVR vaporizer;
Wherein, primary filter: for being filtered by seawater, obtains filtering rear seawater; Earth source heat pump: for carrying out heat exchange to seawater after described filter, and make its temperature reach 20-35 DEG C; Nanofiltration device: carry out nanofiltration process for seawater after the described filter after heat exchange, and obtain concentrated brine and fresh water; Bromine extraction equipment: for being separated by the bromine in concentrated brine, and obtain secondary concentration bittern; MVR vaporizer is used for the fresh water in saturated bittern to be separated, and obtains fresh water and Industrial Salt.
Preferably, in order to make the effect of filtration better, the particulate matter that particle diameter in seawater is greater than more than 5 microns all taken out, described primary filter comprises: quartz filter, activated charcoal filter and cartridge filter.
Preferably, also comprise e Foerderanlage, described e Foerderanlage is connected with described nanofiltration device, and for the concentrated brine exported from described nanofiltration device is input in described bromine extraction equipment.High density concentrated brine containing a large amount of salinity is directly discharged to and shines in salt pond after e Foerderanlage transports, carry out operation of evaporating brine, because the salts contg of concentrated brine is very high, crude salt and saturated bittern (degree Beaume is greater than 20) can be obtained without the need to too large place of evaporating brine.The saturated bittern obtained directly carries out subsequent disposal, to obtain fresh water and required salt.
Can be found out by upper table 1, invent the method utilizing preparing salt by working up seawater provided, it not only achieves producing of fresh water, and the bittern produced in pilot process is all converted to the products such as Industrial Salt; Achieve the recycling of intermediate product, overcome the marine ecology problem that can become after being discharged in correlation technique.Through checking, its the more traditional sea water desaltination of method of this preparing salt by working up seawater that the embodiment of the present invention provides or salt extraction process (raw material-soil/vaporizer-Industrial Salt/fresh water) are compared, under the raw material of identical weight (seawater/bittern), the output of its Industrial Salt can increase by 60%, and the output of bromine doubles above, also can obtain the product such as magnesium sulfate and calcium chloride simultaneously.
Although illustrate and describe the present invention with specific embodiment, however it will be appreciated that can to make when not deviating from the spirit and scope of the present invention many other change and amendment.Therefore, this means to comprise all such changes and modifications belonged in the scope of the invention in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. utilize a method for preparing salt by working up seawater, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1), by seawater filter, obtain filtering rear seawater;
2), by seawater after described filter carry out heat exchange process, carry out nanofiltration process after making its temperature reach 20-35 DEG C, obtain concentrated brine and fresh water;
3), by described concentrated brine be input to bromine factory and extract bromine, obtain secondary concentration bittern;
4), by described secondary concentration bittern evaporate brine, obtain saturated bittern and crude salt;
5), by described saturated bittern carry out vacuum salt production operation, obtain fresh water and Industrial Salt.
2. the method utilizing preparing salt by working up seawater according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1) in:
Described filtration comprises filtration and comprises successively: quartz sand filtration, activated carbon filtration and security personnel filter.
3. the method utilizing preparing salt by working up seawater according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1) in:
Before seawater is carried out described filtration, also add sterilant and flocculation agent in the seawater.
4. the method utilizing preparing salt by working up seawater according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 2) in:
Described heat exchange processing and utilizing earth source heat pump carries out.
5. the method utilizing preparing salt by working up seawater according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in step 2) in:
In the process of described nanofiltration process, the aperture of nanofiltration membrane used is less than 1 nanometer, and the molecular weight of its material retained is 200-800MV.
6. the method utilizing preparing salt by working up seawater according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in step 2) in: the working pressure in the process of described nanofiltration process is 0.3-0.4 MPa.
7. the method utilizing preparing salt by working up seawater according to any one of claim 1-6, is characterized in that, in step 4) in, specifically comprise:
Described secondary concentration bittern is input to multiple solarization salt pond and carries out solarization Ficus caricaL, obtain saturated bittern and crude salt.
8. realize the device utilizing the method for preparing salt by working up seawater described in any one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Primary filter: for being filtered by seawater, obtains filtering rear seawater;
Earth source heat pump: for carrying out heat exchange to seawater after described filter, and make its temperature reach 20-35 DEG C;
Nanofiltration device: carry out nanofiltration process for seawater after the described filter after heat exchange, and obtain concentrated brine and fresh water;
Bromine extraction equipment: for being separated by the bromine in concentrated brine, and obtain secondary concentration bittern;
MVR vaporizer: for being separated by the fresh water in saturated bittern, obtain fresh water and Industrial Salt.
9. device according to claim 8, is characterized in that:
Described primary filter comprises: quartz filter, activated charcoal filter and cartridge filter.
10. device according to claim 8, is characterized in that, also comprises e Foerderanlage:
Described e Foerderanlage is connected with described nanofiltration device, and for the concentrated brine exported from described nanofiltration device is input in described bromine extraction equipment.
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| CN110451529A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-15 | 青岛沃赛海水淡化科技有限公司 | A kind of method of purification of sodium chloride for injection |
| CN114314612A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-12 | 唐山市银海食盐有限公司 | Production process for regulating and controlling sea salt crystal morphology |
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