CN101967026A - Energy-saving emission-reduction seawater comprehensive utilizing method - Google Patents
Energy-saving emission-reduction seawater comprehensive utilizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101967026A CN101967026A CN2010102772747A CN201010277274A CN101967026A CN 101967026 A CN101967026 A CN 101967026A CN 2010102772747 A CN2010102772747 A CN 2010102772747A CN 201010277274 A CN201010277274 A CN 201010277274A CN 101967026 A CN101967026 A CN 101967026A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving emission-reduction seawater comprehensive utilizing method with simple operation, energy source saving, low cost, high additional value and no pollution to ocean biological environment, which comprises the following circular steps of: a, pumping the sea water through multi-stage combined net filtering, chelating flocculation, precipitation turbidity-removal, micro-filtration, ultra-filtration and nano-filtration, wherein the filtered object is purified sea water; storing the purified sea water into a purified sea water tank; and making a filtered-out matters subjected to the micro-filtration, the ultra-filtration and the nano-filtration for later use; b, extracting microalgae in the filtered-out matter subjected to the micro-filtration, deeply processing the microalgae, and preparing medicines and food A, wherein a remainder is a feed A; c, extracting ultra-microalgae in the filtered-out matter subjected to the ultra-filtration, deeply processing the ultra-microalgae, and preparing medicines and food A, wherein a remainder is a feed B; d, condensing the purified sea water prepared in the step a for the first time to obtain a concentrated salt solution and a light salt solution; e, mixing the concentrated salt solution and the filtered-out matter subjected to the nano-filtration and then extracting an element product, an element compound and clean fresh water; f, desalting the light salt solution to obtain clean light salt solution and recovery seawater; and g, storing the recovery sea water into the purified sea water tank.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of seawater utilization method, especially a kind of simple to operate, save the energy, with low cost, added value is high, to the free of contamination energy-saving and emission-reduction seawater of marine eco-environment method of comprehensive utilization.
Background technology:
The ocean area is about 71% of the earth total area, and seawater then takes up an area of 97% of ball Total Water.Because seawater resources are abundant, except that containing water molecules, also contain element compounds such as elements such as marine alga marine organisms such as (little algae, ultra micro algaes) and chlorine, sodium, magnesium, sulphur, calcium, potassium, bromine, carbon, strontium, boron, silicon, fluorine, uranium, gold, lithium and gypsum, sodium-chlor, the industry that for this reason with the seawater is raw material processing at present is more, concludes and gets up to have basically following three kinds:
1. extraction fresh water
With electroosmose process (ED), continuous electrodeionization method (ED1), electric capacity absorption method (CDI), ion exchange method, pressure permeation embrane method, multistage flash evaporation method (MSF), low-temperature multiple-effect distillation (MED), calm the anger distillation (VC), solvent extration and sun power method etc. the fresh water in the seawater is extracted.
2. extract medicine and food
Contain the vegetable cell kinetin (cytoknins) that can promote growth and development of plants in the marine alga; Contain Sargassum polysaccharides, phycocolloid, agar-agar, carrageenin as raw materials for food industry; Contain as dental impression silica and printing and dyeing, the indispensable sodium alginate of paper industry; Contain phycobiliprotein, seaweeds carotene, the unsaturated fatty acids (AA, LNA, EPA, DHA) of very high pharmaceutical value and have than Johnson ﹠ Johnson manage active long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acid (polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA).People are raw material with the marine alga, select percentage of damage than higher superfine grinding processing technology and good processing means and the method for purification performance, from the cell tissue of different algae, decomposite the marine organisms medical material of various marine organisms edible products and industrial raw material, the various preciousnesses of purifying out respectively.
3. extract the element product
From seawater, extract element products such as chlorine, sodium, magnesium, sulphur, calcium, potassium, bromine, carbon, strontium, boron, silicon, fluorine, iodine, uranium, deuterium, tritium, gold and lithium, extract from seawater as alkali factory and process alkali, Potcrate factory and from seawater, extract and process Potcrate, bromine factory and from seawater, extract and process bromine etc.
The common problem of the existing maximum of the above seawater utilization industry is exactly that each takes what he needs, remaining " the remaining rotten seawater " that lacks elemental composition can't enter in the former technical process and be recycled, can only discharge back marinely greatly, destroy the ocean natural ecological environment, cause sea pollution.The greater coasting area maritime interior waters of edge of continental shelf of going down for a long time will day by day worsen, and marine organisms can't be adapted to and dead or variation, and the culture fishery in coastal waters and coastal waters are pounced on and dragged for industry and also will hurriedly degenerate.In addition, the single product cost that each takes what he needs produces is too high, as the cost of producing one ton of fresh water is on average more than 1 dollar.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem of existing in prior technology, a kind of simple to operate, save the energy, with low cost, added value is high, to the free of contamination energy-saving and emission-reduction seawater of marine eco-environment method of comprehensive utilization.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of energy-saving and emission-reduction seawater method of comprehensive utilization is characterized in that circulating as follows and carries out:
A. pump is inhaled seawater and filter, the chelating flocculation, precipitates turbidity removal, micro-filtration, ultrafiltration and nanofiltration through multistage combinational network, and permeate is a purifying sea water, be stored in the purifying sea water pond, micro-filtration, ultrafiltration and nanofiltration to leach thing stand-by;
B. extract micro-filtration and leach little algae in the thing, and to little algae deep processing, produce medicine and food A, residuum is feed A;
C. extract ultrafiltration and leach ultra micro algae in the thing, and to the deep processing of ultra micro algae, produce medicine and food B, residuum is feed B;
D. the purifying sea water that described a step is produced is done for the first time and is concentrated, and gets strong brine and light salt brine;
E. the gained strong brine is mixed back extraction element product and element compound with the thing that leaches of nanofiltration, get element product, element compound and clean fresh water;
F. the gained light salt brine is desalinated, get clean fresh water and the salt concentration recovery seawater consistent with purifying sea water;
G. will restore seawater is stored in the described purifying sea water of a step pond.
Obtain extracting element product or element compound behind the clean saturated brine through concentrating for the second time after the leaching thing and mix of the strong brine of described e step and nanofiltration.
Overbottom pressure to the recovery seawater of described f step gained is done recovery.
Seawater temperature in the described purification water pool is not less than 25 ℃; Waste heat to the clean fresh water of described f step gained is done recovery.
Described first time simmer down to electroosmose process or continuous electrodeionization method or electric capacity absorption method.
Described e step is to extract chlorine, sodium, magnesium, sulphur, calcium, potassium, bromine, carbon, strontium, boron, silicon, fluorine, iodine, uranium, deuterium, tritium, gold or elemental lithium product.
It is with reverse osmosis method, low-temperature multiple-effect distillation, multistage flash evaporation method, the distillation method of calming the anger, hydrate, cold method or sun power method that the light salt brine of described f step is desalinated.
It is to adopt water turbine supercharging blower, pressure exchanger or fluidic generator group to reclaim that described overbottom pressure reclaims.
Described energy recovery is to adopt water resource heat pump to reclaim.
Concentrating the strong brine that produces cumulative volume 10% the described first time and producing cumulative volume 90% salt concentration is the light salt brine of 15～20 degree Beaume; It is the clean fresh water that produces light salt brine volume 50% that the light salt brine of described f step is desalinated.
The maximum of the present invention and prior art is not both seawater is fully utilized, can under the condition of no any interpolation, make the salt concentration (degree Beaume) consistent with the salt concentration of former seawater (recovery seawater) of residual seawater, and then the circulation that enters a new round is extracted in the work flow, realization circulates repeatedly to raw material seawater and extracts processing, really accomplishes zero release.The present invention can produce element product and element compounds such as medicine, food, feed, clean fresh water and chlorine, sodium, magnesium, sulphur, calcium, potassium, bromine, carbon, strontium, boron, silicon, fluorine, iodine, deuterium, tritium, uranium, gold, lithium, improved the utilization ratio of seawater, reduced product cost (being no more than 0.6 yuan/ton), and can provide cheap and never exhausted clean fresh water resource for the mankind as the clean fresh water production cost.The present invention also can carry out overbottom pressure and waste heat recovery, can save a large amount of energy; The present invention simultaneously also has simple operation and other advantages.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.
Embodiment 1:
A. pump is inhaled seawater and filter, the chelating flocculation, precipitates turbidity removal, micro-filtration, ultrafiltration and nanofiltration through multistage combinational network, and permeate is a purifying sea water, be stored in the purifying sea water pond, micro-filtration, ultrafiltration and nanofiltration to leach thing stand-by;
Multistage combinational network filter is that first link is handled in seawater cleaning, to filter dams through two nets earlier from the seawater that big marine extraction comes up with pump, screen distance is respectively 1mm and 0.5mm, the net filter thick 2000mm in dam, both sides are rack and net, what dose in the middle of the net is quartz sand particle greater than screen distance, be the three road net filtration screens that the aperture is respectively 0.2mm, 0.1mm, 0.05mm in succession, seawater can all be cleaned out (still being present in marine greatly) with some marine organisms greater than above-mentioned pore size, sand grains, suspended substance in the former seawater through the descending net filter in aperture.
The processing units of chelating flocculation is the individual not stirring tank body of left alone without help rotation, the tank body structure is similar to the concrete mixer of architectural usefulness, in the trend jar, throw in flocculation agent and sequestrant, what the tank body maritime interior waters was then not left alone without help stirs, the flocculations such as gumminess material of the various organic or inorganics in the seawater can be aggregated into macrobead, will filter through the net groove in a 0.04mm aperture when the seawater that is stirred is discharged tank body, those chelatings that flocculated become granular material all to be trapped eliminating, as material of construction.
The precipitation turbidity removal is to carry out in the pond that is divided into three Chi Qu, the front is the little pond of going into, the big pond of intermediary is the Jing Dian pond, the pond of back is clean water basin, three pond intermediary partition wall height will be near the waters surface but can just spilling waters, this operation can all precipitate macroscopic absurd creatures all in the seawater to be removed away, is used as material of construction.
Micro-filtration is 5 rank shelves that the hole latus rectum of microfiltration membrane are divided into 20 μ m, 10 μ m, 5 μ m, 1 μ m, 0.2 μ m, the descending permutation and combination continuous filtration in aperture seawater, the largest benefit that facts have proved many grades of combined methods of such classification are that film pollution level Da Da Minus is light.Multistage combination microfiltration membrane can be held back 95% small marine organisms such as miniature algae in the seawater and separate, and collects the back and stores stand-by.
Ultrafiltration is 4 rank shelves that the hole latus rectum of ultra-filtration membrane are divided into 100nm, 50nm, 20nm, 10nm, and the permutation and combination that the aperture is descending can be retained down some ultra-fine little marine organisms collection and store stand-by;
Nanofiltration is 3 rank shelves that the aperture of nanofiltration membrane are divided into 5nm, 2nm, 1nm, permutation and combination in addition, can make seawater thoroughly softening, molecular weight all can be held back at the polyvalent ion material more than 250 and be separated (stand-by), make seawater mesophytization oxygen requirement COD, dissolved solids content TDS, turbidity NTU can both reach the water quality standard requirement of the water inlet of electrodialysis or reverse osmosis equipment, seawater after multistage combination nanofiltration becomes purifying sea water, is transported in the purifying sea water pond to store as raw materials for production.
B. extract micro-filtration and leach little algae in the thing, and to little algae deep processing, produce medicine and food A, residuum is feed A;
C. extract ultrafiltration and leach ultra micro algae in the thing, and to the deep processing of ultra micro algae, produce medicine and food B, residuum is feed B;
The deep processing of b～c step is that miniature or superminiature algae marine organisms are carried out deep processing, the same with prior art, select percentage of damage the processing means better than higher superfine grinding processing technology and purification performance decomposites marine organisms edible products such as various " Sargassum polysaccharides ", " phycocolloid " and industrial raw material such as " sodium alginates " respectively with method from the cell tissue of different algae; The marine organisms medical material of the various preciousnesses of purifying out, as can be used for agriculture " plant hormone ", " plant hormone "; Be used for medicinal " phycobiliprotein ", " algae carotene ", " unsaturated fatty acids " (AA, LNA, EPA, the DHA) of medical treatment, very strong " long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acid " of the physiologically active that is contained in the especially miniature algae (PUFA); The biological waste that remains can be made into poultry and livestock feed.
D. the purifying sea water that described a step is produced concentrates for the first time, gets strong brine and light salt brine;
Concentrate the available art methods of processing for the first time, but preferably use electrodialysis (ED) or continuous electrodeionization (EDI) or electric capacity absorption method methods such as (CDI) to concentrate out strong brine and light salt brine, it should be noted and to control the volume and the concentration of light salt brine well, guarantee through next step desalinating process, remove the salt solution degree Beaume consistent with purifying sea water (recovery seawater) after the clean fresh water that is produced, recycle realizing.Salt concentration as institute's extracting seawater is 30～40 degree Beaume, concentrates the strong brine that just produces input cumulative volume 10% for the first time, and producing input cumulative volume 90% salt concentration is the light salt brine of 15～20 degree Beaume.
E. the gained strong brine is mixed back extraction element product and element compound with the thing that leaches of nanofiltration, get element product, element compound and clean fresh water;
Be extract element compounds such as thalassophile element material such as chlorine (Cl), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), sulphur (S), calcium (Ca), potassium (K), bromine (Br), carbon (C), strontium (Sr), boron (B), silicon (Si), fluorine (F), iodine (I), uranium (U), gold (Au), lithium (Li), heavy water and gypsum, salt in the gained strong brine, and available element products perfection combination of extracting process all cpds as sodium-chlor (NaCl), Repone K (KCl), magnesium chloride (MgCl), magnesiumcarbonate (MgCO
3), yellow soda ash (Na
2CO
3), lime carbonate (CaCO
3), sal epsom (MgSO
4), vitriolate of tartar (K2SO
4), sodium sulfate (Na
2SO
4), calcium sulfate (CaSO
4), Strontium Sulphate (SrSO
4), boric acid (H
3BO
3), magnesium hydroxide [Mg (OH)
2], caustic soda chemical industry of inorganic salt products such as (NaOH).
F. the gained light salt brine is desalinated, get clean fresh water and restore seawater;
Promptly desalinate processing to concentrating the light salt brine of being separated for the first time, gained fresh water can be transported in the clean fresh water storage pool with reverse osmosis method, low-temperature multiple-effect distillation, multistage flash evaporation method, the distillation method of calming the anger, hydrate or sun power method; And the brinish salt concentration that is retained down has in addition just improved, and becomes the recovery seawater that Gong recycle identical with former seawater saltiness.
As being that the light salt brine of 15～20 degree Beaume is desalinated to salt concentration, the clean fresh water that makes generation is 50% of a light salt brine volume, and then the degree Beaume in the surplus water just brings up to 30～40, promptly restores seawater.
G. will restore seawater is stored in the purifying sea water pond.
This part recovery seawater participates in the Production Flow Chart of a new round with the new seawater of purification, and all seawater can be recycled repeatedly, does not also efflux little by little, really realizes zero release.And this part 45% restores seawater and is recycled, 45% of the new seawater cleaning operation expense of having saved exactly.
Embodiment 2:
The base conditioning method is with embodiment 1, just after concentrating for the first time, the mixture that the strong brine that produced and nanofiltration are leached thing carries out concentrating the second time again, and method can be low-temperature multiple-effect distillation, multistage flash evaporation method, the distillation method of calming the anger, hydrate, cold method, mould dialysis or sun power method.Concentrate for the second time and the salt solution salt concentration is brought up to 26 ± 2 degree Beaume become clean saturated brine, separablely in the concentration process go out clean fresh water.But clean fresh water is transported in the clean fresh water storage pool or is processed into medical saline.Clean saturated brine with gained extracts element product and element compound.
Embodiment 3:
The base conditioning method is with embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, because the water many places in the embodiment of the invention technological process of production are by pressure-feed, everyly all can carry out the pressure energy recovery what outlet still had overbottom pressure (surpassing 0.2MPa), reduces cost to save energy consumption.Preferably the overbottom pressure to gained recovery seawater reclaims, and it is to adopt water turbine supercharging blower, pressure exchanger or fluidic generator group to reclaim that overbottom pressure reclaims.
Embodiment 4:
The base conditioning method is with embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or embodiment 3, and the seawater temperature in the seawater cleaning pond preferably is at least 25 ℃, when being in winter, can adopt sun power etc. that purifying sea water is heated.Can utilize this moment water resource heat pump that the waste heat of the clean fresh water of gained after the desalination light salt brine is reclaimed, the waste heat of recovery can be used to heat or other purposes of confession to the purifying sea water pond.
Embodiment 1～4 used electric energy all can adopt sun power, tidal energy, current energy and wind power generation.
Claims (10)
1. energy-saving and emission-reduction seawater method of comprehensive utilization is characterized in that circulating as follows and carries out:
A. pump is inhaled seawater and filter, the chelating flocculation, precipitates turbidity removal, micro-filtration, ultrafiltration and nanofiltration through multistage combinational network, and permeate is a purifying sea water, be stored in the purifying sea water pond, micro-filtration, ultrafiltration and nanofiltration to leach thing stand-by;
B. extract micro-filtration and leach little algae in the thing, and to little algae deep processing, produce medicine and food A, residuum is feed A;
C. extract ultrafiltration and leach ultra micro algae in the thing, and to the deep processing of ultra micro algae, produce medicine and food B, residuum is feed B;
D. the purifying sea water that described a step is produced is done for the first time and is concentrated, and gets strong brine and light salt brine;
E. the gained strong brine is mixed back extraction element product and element compound with the thing that leaches of nanofiltration, get element product, element compound and clean fresh water;
F. the gained light salt brine is desalinated, get clean fresh water and the salt concentration recovery seawater consistent with purifying sea water;
G. will restore seawater is stored in the described purifying sea water of a step pond.
2. energy-saving and emission-reduction seawater method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: obtain extracting element product or element compound behind the clean saturated brine through concentrating for the second time after the leaching thing and mix of the strong brine of described e step and nanofiltration.
3. energy-saving and emission-reduction seawater method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the overbottom pressure to the recovery seawater of described f step gained is done recovery.
4. energy-saving and emission-reduction seawater method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the seawater temperature in the described purifying sea water pond is at least 25 ℃; Waste heat to the clean fresh water of described f step gained is done recovery.
5. energy-saving and emission-reduction seawater method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described first time simmer down to electroosmose process or continuous electrodeionization method or electric capacity absorption method.
6. energy-saving and emission-reduction seawater method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described e step is to extract chlorine, sodium, magnesium, sulphur, calcium, potassium, bromine, carbon, strontium, boron, silicon, fluorine, iodine, uranium, deuterium, tritium, gold or elemental lithium product.
7. energy-saving and emission-reduction seawater method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is with reverse osmosis method, low-temperature multiple-effect distillation, multistage flash evaporation method, the distillation method of calming the anger, hydrate, cold method or sun power method that the light salt brine of described f step is desalinated.
8. energy-saving and emission-reduction seawater method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 3 is characterized in that: it is to adopt water turbine supercharging blower, pressure exchanger or fluidic generator group to reclaim that described overbottom pressure reclaims.
9. energy-saving and emission-reduction seawater method of comprehensive utilization according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described energy recovery is to adopt water resource heat pump to reclaim.
10. according to claim 1 or 2 described energy-saving and emission-reduction seawater method of comprehensive utilization, it is characterized in that: concentrating the strong brine that produces cumulative volume 10% the described first time and producing cumulative volume 90% salt concentration is the light salt brine of 15～20 degree Beaume; It is the clean fresh water that produces light salt brine volume 50% that the light salt brine of described f step is desalinated.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN102145954A (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2011-08-10 | 李宗发 | Method for solving water resource shortage problem and preventing and controlling desert by seawater desalinization through ocean nuclear energy |
| CN104326590A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-02-04 | 王博 | Method and device for making salt by using seawater |
| CN104726142A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-06-24 | 广州同合能源科技有限公司 | Liquid fuel extraction system and process |
| CN104909503A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-16 | 南开大学 | Seawater desalination method for integrated membrane process |
| CN106145416A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-11-23 | 何颖 | A kind of seawater comprehensive utilizing method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102145954A (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2011-08-10 | 李宗发 | Method for solving water resource shortage problem and preventing and controlling desert by seawater desalinization through ocean nuclear energy |
| CN102145954B (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2012-12-26 | 李宗发 | Method for solving water resource shortage problem and preventing and controlling desert by seawater desalinization through ocean nuclear energy |
| CN104326590A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-02-04 | 王博 | Method and device for making salt by using seawater |
| CN104326590B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-05-04 | 王博 | A kind of method and device thereof that utilizes preparing salt by working up seawater |
| CN104726142A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-06-24 | 广州同合能源科技有限公司 | Liquid fuel extraction system and process |
| CN104909503A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-16 | 南开大学 | Seawater desalination method for integrated membrane process |
| CN106145416A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-11-23 | 何颖 | A kind of seawater comprehensive utilizing method |
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Application publication date: 20110209 |