CN103408179A - Production method for desalting seawater by hot film coupling - Google Patents
Production method for desalting seawater by hot film coupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN103408179A CN103408179A CN2013103686441A CN201310368644A CN103408179A CN 103408179 A CN103408179 A CN 103408179A CN 2013103686441 A CN2013103686441 A CN 2013103686441A CN 201310368644 A CN201310368644 A CN 201310368644A CN 103408179 A CN103408179 A CN 103408179A
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a production method for desalting seawater by hot film coupling. The production method comprises the following steps: circulating, cooling and desalting the seawater by an MED (Multi-Effect Distillation) or a power plant circulating cooling system to obtain fresh water with concentration of 35%; carrying out de-hardening or decalcification treatment onto the obtained strong brine, so that a scaling problem in a subsequent desalting process is solved, and the strong brine can be deeply purified to reach RO (Reverse Osmosis) inlet water requirements, and byproducts, namely, calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide products are obtained; and pumping the de-hardened or decalcified strong brine into an RO system by a high-pressure pump and carrying out secondary desalting to obtain fresh water with concentration of more than 40%, and also to obtain high-concentration strong brine with TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) of 65000 ppm for comprehensive utilization. According to the production method for desalting seawater by hot film coupling, by sufficiently utilizing the waste heat of the MED strong brine or the waste heat of the power plant circulating cooling system, the RO seawater is desalted without being limited by seasons and areas; after the strong brine de-hardening or decalcification treatment, the RO desalting recovery rate is still higher than 40%, and the total yield of the process fresh water is higher than 55%. Moreover, the desalted strong brine can be comprehensively utilized in a high value-added product, so that the investment and operation cost for seawater desalting is greatly lowered, and therefore, the production method is a typical seawater desalting technology which is low-carbon, environment-friendly, cyclic and economical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of hotting mask coupling sea water desaltination.Specifically, seawater first passes through low temperature multiple-effect distillation (Multi-Effect Distillation, MED) device is desalinated, or through power plant's circulating cooling system circulating cooling desalination, again after decalcification or hard-off pre-treatment, finally by crossing reverse osmosis (Reverse Osmosis, RO), desalinate, after desalination, strong brine is for comprehensive utilization.Seawater of the present invention is by the hotting mask sea water desaltination that is coupled, and employing decalcification or hard-off pretreatment technology, take full advantage of MED strong brine waste heat or power plant system waste heat, solve the problem that the low reverse osmosis seawater desalting caused of north of china in winter seawater temperature can not normally move, after strong brine decalcification or hard-off pre-treatment, RO desalination process need not be added Scale inhibitors, and the rate of recovery still can reach more than 40%, but and by-product calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide products in decalcification or hard-off preprocessing process, after the RO desalination, strong brine fully utilizes with the high value added product form, investment and the running cost of sea water desaltination have greatly been reduced, it is a typical low-carbon (LC), green, the recycling economy desalination technology.
Background technology
Day by day but poor along with global Freshwater resources, desalination technology has become countries in the world and has solved unsuccessful the selecting of a kind of war that water shortage problem generally adopts.Desalination technology development in recent years and social required quantity are increasing, and the desalination scale of desalinator is constantly expanded, and its scale, from several hectosteres of initial daily output, develops into present daily output hundreds of thousands of cubic meter.Desalination technology reaches its maturity, and the desalination scale constantly enlarges, and cost constantly reduces.Along with the maturation day by day of desalination technology and the sound development of sea water desaltination industry, " sea water desaltination " will present than " across basin, remote water transfer " larger price advantage.
Although it is ripe to greatly develop the opportunity of sea water desaltination, the desalination water cost is relatively high, and core technology is few, and after desalination, the not yet comprehensive utilization of strong brine is but the principal element of restriction Seawater Desalination Industry.Sea water desaltination is the technology of fresh water that exchanges for the energy, 40% is approximately energy consumption in the sea water desaltination production cost, and therefore, high energy consumption is one of technical bottleneck of the extensive development of restriction sea water desaltination industry.Break this technical bottleneck, will open gate for the fast development of sea water desaltination industry.The main method that reduces high energy consumption is to take full advantage of the energy, improves fresh-water recovery rate, thereby reduces desalinating cost.In the face of the general trend of events of shortage of fresh water, international energy-saving and emission-reduction, low-carbon economy development, the developing low-cost desalination technology is imperative.
The combined production process of a kind of low-cost zero-emission sea water desalination comprehensive utilization that Chinese patent CN1861529 proposes, to make seawater cleaning by sea water preprocessing, electrodialysis (ED) thickening equipment and cryogenic vacuum pumps are condensed into saturated brine by seawater, then take saturated brine and be that raw material extracts various salt chemical products.The remaining light salt brine be diluted after wherein concentrated, extract 50% fresh water through reverse osmosis membrane (RO) desalting plant, remains 50% salt solution and turn back to again in the seawater cleaning pond and be recycled.Chinese patent CN 02111670.9 utilizes deep sea water desalination, the concentrated method of producing deep-sea tap water and deep-sea additive, with water pump, extract deep-sea water, at sea chemically examine, detect, deep-sea water is filled in the ship upper container and transports go back to port, chemically examine by land, detection, modified, qualified deep-sea water is desalinated by reverse osmosis technology after testing.30%~40% the deep-sea desalination water obtained after desalination is made to the deep-sea tap water of Bottle & Can dress, all the other preliminary dopes of 60%~70% are distilled, through the deep-sea desalination water that distillation obtains, make the deep-sea tap water of Bottle & Can dress, all the other concentrating parts after distillation are that the saturated saline solution in deep-sea is as deep-sea saturated salt solution additive.At present, the technology that hotting mask coupling desalination system commonly used adopts low-temperature multiple-effect seawater desalination and reverse osmosis seawater desalting to be coupled, but yet there are no till now the hotting mask coupling and in conjunction with seawater decalcification or the pretreated desalination process of hard-off.
Summary of the invention
The production method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of hotting mask coupling sea water desaltination.Seawater is first processed through MED or power plant's circulating cooling system circulating cooling desalination, and after desalination, strong brine is removed calcium or calcium, magnesium ion by decalcification or hard-off pre-treatment, then adopts the RO desalination, obtains the high density strong brine in acquisition fresh water.It is low-cost, recycling economy desalination technology, two kinds of desalination methods of Re Fa and embrane method are combined, and adopt strong brine decalcification or hard-off to process, utilize MED strong brine heat or power plant system waste heat to solve the problem of RO winter operation difficulty, utilize strong brine decalcification or hard-off deal with RO desalination scale problems and make calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide products, the clean strong brine of the high density produced after desalination has high comprehensive utilization value.The present invention utilizes the energy to greatest extent, brings into play various desalination method advantages, and simultaneously decalcification, hard-off are processed and removed the calcium that is easy to fouling in the desalination process or calcium, magnesium ion, solve scale problems in the desalination process, improve fresh-water recovery rate.
The step that the production method of hotting mask coupling sea water desaltination provided by the invention comprises:
One, hard-off facture
1) seawater is first through low temperature multiple-effect distillation desalination or power plant's circulating cooling system circulating cooling desalination;
2) after low temperature multiple-effect distillation desalination or power plant's circulating cooling system circulating cooling desalination, strong brine adds precipitation agent carbonate hybrid reaction, and standing sedimentation, carry calcium, the calcium carbonate generated plays the flocculation agent effect, both strong brine is purified, by-product calcium carbonate product again, and do not produce waste residue;
3) strong brine after deliming is carried magnesium, and namely after deliming, strong brine reacts with sodium hydroxide, after ultra-filtration membrane, removes hardness, purifying sea water, and obtain the coproduct hydrogen magnesium oxide product;
4) strong brine after hard-off through the reverse-osmosis desalination device desalination, produces fresh water and strong brine again, the strong brine that obtains the fresh water more than 40% and further concentrate.Perhaps
Two, decalcification facture
The decalcification facture is saved the magnesium process of putting forward in step 3) than hard-off facture, and other process is consistent.
Described multi-effect distilling desalination refers to that seawater first passes through the mesh gauze filter coarse filtration, filter pore size is 1mm, after filtering, turbidity of sea water, lower than 20NTU, then enters the desalination of multi-effect distilling (MED) device or power plant's circulating cooling system desalination, and fresh-water recovery rate reaches more than 35%.
Step 2) described precipitation agent is sodium carbonate, and with the mol ratio of the concentration of Calcium in Seawater, be: 1.1~2.0:1, the concentration of sodium carbonate solution is 0.1~10.0mol/L.
Step 2) in the strong brine after described carrying (removing) calcium the concentration of calcium ion lower than 15mg/L.
In the described sodium hydroxide of step 3) and the strong brine of carrying after calcium, the mol ratio of magnesium ion concentration is: 1.05~2.0:0.5, concentration of sodium hydroxide solution 1.0~10.0mol/L.
Step 3) is described to be put forward after magnesium calcium ions and magnesium ions concentration in strong brine and all is less than 15mg/L.
Step 3) is described carry magnesium after strong brine SDI be less than 3, turbidity is less than 1NTU.
After step 4) added hydrochloric acid to adjust, strong brine pH value was 7.5~8.5, for desalination by reverse osmosis.
The step 4) impervious desalination system be take strong brine after hard-off or decalcification and is former water, and working pressure is 5-6MPa, and the rate of recovery still can reach more than 40%.
Step 4) impervious desalination system gained strong brine TDS can directly fully utilize more than reaching 65000ppm.
Hotting mask of the present invention coupling sea water desaltination, by low temperature (<=72 ℃) multi-effect distilling or two kinds of desalination methods of power plant's circulating cooling system and reverse osmosis are combined, and take full advantage of waste heat or power plant's circulating cooling system waste heat in the low temperature multiple-effect distillation strong brine.Have following superiority:
Hotting mask coupling sea water desaltination, technique is simple, reasonable energy utilization, cost is low, the high and by-product higher-grade calcium carbonate of fresh-water recovery rate, magnesium hydroxide products.
Hotting mask of the present invention coupling and strong brine adopt hard-off or decalcification to process, and without adding any water treatment agent, cost is low and for subsequent handling batch production salt manufacturing provides high-quality feedstocks, realizes truly green chemical industry, cleaner production.
By the hotting mask method for desalting seawater is coupled, reasonable energy utilization, solve the low problem of north of china in winter water temperature, and the long-term steady running of assurance system, reduce energy consumption and fresh water cost.
After MED or power plant's circulating cooling system desalination, strong brine is processed by hard-off or decalcification, in the time of the super-filtration purifying seawater, also can produce calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide products, greatly reduced the cost of sea water preprocessing, after hard-off or decalcification in strong brine calcium ion content all be less than 15mg/L, after hard-off, magnesium ion content is less than 15mg/L, SDI<3, solve the scale problems in follow-up desalination process, improve fresh-water recovery rate;
Because strong brine after desalination is dense, can fully utilize and batch production salt manufacturing, by a large amount of valuable land resources of saving beach and evaporating brine and taking.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Production method (hard-off facture) schematic flow sheet of Fig. 1 hotting mask coupling sea water desaltination;
Production method (decalcification facture) schematic flow sheet of Fig. 2 hotting mask coupling sea water desaltination;
Production method (hard-off facture) schema of Fig. 3 hotting mask coupling sea water desaltination;
Production method (decalcification facture) schema of Fig. 4 hotting mask coupling sea water desaltination.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail as follows by reference to the accompanying drawings:
Equipment used of the present invention, supermicro filtration membrane, reverse osmosis membrane and reagent are commercially available prod.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 3,1-mesh gauze filter, 2-MED or power plant's circulating cooling system, 3-calcium carbonate reaction device, the clarification of 4-calcium carbonate is filled with, 5-calcium carbonate receiving tank, 6-magnesium hydroxide retort, 7-carries (removing) magnesium ultrafiltration water pump, and 8-carries the magnesium ultra-filtration membrane, 9-magnesium hydroxide receiving tank, 10-RO inlet chest, the 11-high-pressure pump, 12-reverse osmosis membrane, 13-fresh-water tank.
The production method (hard-off is facture) of the hotting mask coupling sea water desaltination that the present embodiment provides comprises the steps:
At first seawater carries out coarse filtration through mesh gauze filter 1, and mesh gauze filter 1 aperture is 1mm, produces water turbidity and is less than 20NTU, meets MED water inlet standard; Then entering multi-effect distilling 2 desalinates for the first time, the high evaporation temperature of multi-effect distilling 2 is 72 ℃, the evaporation effect is several can be designed as the 3-13 effect according to needs, the fresh-water recovery rate of multi-effect distilling 2 is 37%, after desalination the strong brine temperature be 35-40 ℃ (according to design effect number how much with effect between the different and difference slightly of the temperature difference), the gained fresh water collecting is to fresh-water tank 13, the strong brine produced enters calcium carbonate reaction device 3, add simultaneously the sodium carbonate solution hybrid reaction, sodium carbonate solution concentration is 1mol/L, according to 1.2:1Na
2CO
3/ Ca
2+Mol ratio add; After reaction, solution enters the calcium carbonate clarification and fills with standing sedimentation 90min in 4, and calcium carbonate product enters in calcium carbonate receiving tank 5 from bottom; Calcium carbonate clarification is filled with supernatant liquor in 4 from flowing in magnesium hydroxide retort 6, and to add concentration be 10% sodium hydroxide solution, and the ratio of adding is 2.2:1NaOH/Mg
2+Mol ratio; Liquid after the interior hybrid reaction of magnesium hydroxide retort 6 is squeezed into and is carried in magnesium ultra-filtration membrane 8 through carrying magnesium ultrafiltration water pump 7, the filtering accuracy of carrying magnesium ultra-filtration membrane 8 is that the molecular weight cut-off of 0.1 μ m(ultra-filtration membrane is 500000, the working pressure of ultra-filtration membrane<0.4MPa), phegma is collected in magnesium hydroxide receiving tank 9; Seeing through liquid is the RO water inlet, and calcium ions and magnesium ions concentration all is less than 15mg/L, and SDI is less than 3, and turbidity is less than 1NTU, sees through liquid from flowing in 10, and to add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value be 7~8.5; The strong brine that meets RO water inlet requirement carries out the secondary desalination in high-pressure pump 11 is squeezed into reverse osmosis membrane 12 processes, working pressure control bit 5-6MPa, and fresh-water recovery rate is 45%, the gained fresh water collecting is to fresh-water tank 13; Strong brine is more than TDS reaches 65000ppm after concentrated through twice, and processes through hard-off, directly flows to alkali factory and fully utilizes.
As shown in Figure 1, schema as shown in Figure 3 for production method (hard-off facture) schematic flow sheet.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 4, the 1-mesh gauze filter, 2-MED or power plant's circulating cooling system, 3-calcium carbonate reaction device, the clarification of 4-calcium carbonate is filled with, 5-calcium carbonate receiving tank, 10-RO inlet chest, 11-high-pressure pump, 12-reverse osmosis membrane, 13-fresh-water tank.
The production method (decalcification facture) of the hotting mask coupling sea water desaltination that the present embodiment provides comprises the steps:
At first seawater carries out coarse filtration through mesh gauze filter 1, and mesh gauze filter 1 aperture is 1mm, produces water turbidity and is less than 20NTU, meets MED water inlet standard; Then entering multi-effect distilling 2 desalinates for the first time, the high evaporation temperature of multi-effect distilling 2 is 72 ℃, the evaporation effect is several can be designed as the 3-13 effect according to needs, the fresh-water recovery rate of multi-effect distilling 2 is 37%, after desalination the strong brine temperature be 35-40 ℃ (according to design effect number how much with effect between the different and difference slightly of the temperature difference), the gained fresh water collecting is to fresh-water tank 13, the strong brine produced enters calcium carbonate reaction device 3, add simultaneously the sodium carbonate solution hybrid reaction, sodium carbonate solution concentration is 2mol/L, according to 1.5:1Na
2CO
3/ Ca
2+Mol ratio add; After reaction, solution enters the calcium carbonate clarification and fills with standing sedimentation 90min in 4, and calcium carbonate product enters in calcium carbonate receiving tank 5 from bottom; The supernatant liquor that the calcium carbonate clarification is filled with in 4 flows in RO inlet chest 10 certainly, the strong brine that meets RO water inlet requirement carries out the secondary desalination in high-pressure pump 11 is squeezed into reverse osmosis membrane 12 processes, working pressure control bit 5-6MPa, fresh-water recovery rate is 42%, the gained fresh water collecting is to fresh-water tank 13; Strong brine is more than TDS reaches 65000ppm after concentrated through twice, and processes through hard-off, directly flows to alkali factory and fully utilizes.
As shown in Figure 2, schema as shown in Figure 4 for production method (decalcification facture) schematic flow sheet.
Claims (10)
1. the production method of a hotting mask coupling sea water desaltination, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The hard-off facture:
1) seawater is first desalinated through low temperature multiple-effect distillation;
2) after the low temperature multiple-effect distillation desalination, strong brine adds precipitation agent carbonate hybrid reaction, and standing sedimentation, carry calcium;
3) strong brine after deliming is carried magnesium, and namely after deliming, strong brine reacts with sodium hydroxide, after ultra-filtration membrane, removes hardness, purifying sea water, and obtain the coproduct hydrogen magnesium oxide product;
4) strong brine after hard-off through the reverse-osmosis desalination device desalination, produces fresh water and strong brine again, the strong brine that obtains the fresh water more than 40% and further concentrate; Perhaps
The decalcification facture:
The decalcification facture is saved the magnesium process of putting forward in step 3) than hard-off facture, and other process is consistent.
2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the described multi-effect distilling desalination of step 1) refers to that seawater first passes through the mesh gauze filter coarse filtration, filter pore size is 1mm, after filtering, turbidity of sea water is lower than 20NTU, then enter the multiple-effect distillation device desalination, fresh-water recovery rate reaches more than 35%.
3. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that step 2) described precipitation agent is sodium carbonate, with the mol ratio of the concentration of Calcium in Seawater, be: 1.1~2.0:1, the concentration of sodium carbonate solution is 0.1~10.0mol/L.
?
4. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that step 2) in the described strong brine of carrying after calcium the concentration of calcium ion lower than 15mg/L.
5. the mol ratio that in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the concentration of magnesium ion in the described sodium hydroxide of step 3) and the strong brine of putting forward after calcium is: 1.05~2.0:0.5, concentration of sodium hydroxide solution 1.0~10.0mol/L.
?
6. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that step 3) is described puies forward after magnesium calcium ions and magnesium ions concentration in strong brine and all is less than 15mg/L.
7. in accordance with the method for claim 1, after it is characterized in that step 3) is described and carrying magnesium, strong brine SDI is less than 3, and turbidity is less than 1NTU.
8. in accordance with the method for claim 1, after it is characterized in that step 4) adds hydrochloric acid to adjust, strong brine pH value is 7.5~8.5, for desalination by reverse osmosis.
9. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the step 4) impervious desalination system take strong brine after hard-off or decalcification and be former water, working pressure is 5-6MPa, and the rate of recovery is more than 40%; Step 4) impervious desalination system gained strong brine TDS directly fully utilizes more than reaching 65000ppm.
10. the production method of a hotting mask coupling sea water desaltination, is characterized in that it comprises following two kinds of methods, and step is as follows:
The hard-off facture:
At first seawater passes through mesh gauze filter (1) and carries out coarse filtration, and mesh gauze filter (1) aperture is 1mm, produces water turbidity and is less than 20NTU; Then enter multi-effect distilling or power plant's circulating cooling (2) is desalinated for the first time, the high evaporation temperature of multi-effect distilling (2) is 72 ℃, the evaporation effect is several can be designed as the 3-13 effect according to needs, the fresh-water recovery rate of multi-effect distilling or power plant's circulating cooling system (2) is more than 35%, after desalination, the strong brine temperature is 35-40 ℃, the gained fresh water collecting is to fresh-water tank (13), the strong brine produced enters calcium carbonate reaction device (3), add simultaneously the sodium carbonate solution hybrid reaction, sodium carbonate solution concentration is 1mol/L, according to 1.2:1Na
2CO
3/ Ca
2+Mol ratio add; After reaction, solution enters the calcium carbonate clarification and fills with standing sedimentation 90min in (4), and calcium carbonate product enters in calcium carbonate receiving tank (5) from bottom; While adopting the hard-off method to process, the calcium carbonate clarification is filled with supernatant liquor in (4) from flowing in magnesium hydroxide retort (6), and to add concentration be 10% sodium hydroxide solution, and the ratio of adding is 2.2:1 NaOH/Mg
2+Mol ratio, liquid after the interior hybrid reaction of magnesium hydroxide retort (6) is squeezed into and is carried in magnesium ultra-filtration membrane (8) through carrying magnesium ultrafiltration water pump (7), the filtering accuracy of carrying magnesium ultra-filtration membrane (8) is 0.1 μ m, wherein, the molecular weight cut-off of ultra-filtration membrane is 500000, working pressure<the 0.4MPa of ultra-filtration membrane, phegma is collected in magnesium hydroxide receiving tank (9), seeing through liquid is the RO water inlet, calcium ions and magnesium ions concentration all is less than 15mg/L, and SDI is less than 3, and turbidity is less than 1NTU, see through liquid from flowing in RO inlet chest (10), and to add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value be 7~8.5; The strong brine that meets RO water inlet requirement carries out the secondary desalination in high-pressure pump (11) is squeezed into reverse osmosis membrane (12) processes, working pressure control bit 5-6MPa, and fresh-water recovery rate is more than 40%, the gained fresh water collecting is to fresh-water tank (13); Strong brine is more than TDS reaches 65000ppm after concentrated through twice, and processes through hard-off, directly enters chlor-alkali plant and fully utilizes; Perhaps
The decalcification facture:
With the hard-off facture, compare, save (removing) magnesium process of putting forward, strong brine is more than TDS reaches 65000ppm after concentrated through twice, and processes through decalcification, directly flows to alkali factory and fully utilizes.
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CN103663835A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-26 | 中国电力工程顾问集团公司 | Hybrid MSF (multistage flash)/RO (reverse osmosis) sea water desalination system |
CN105502780A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-04-20 | 河北工大太阳能设备有限公司 | Sea water desaltation technology with efficient combined steam source |
CN106348512A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-25 | 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 | Heat film coupled water feeding allocating system for desalting seawater |
CN106467314A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-03-01 | 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 | Prepare light magnesium oxide and the technique of micron order calcium carbonate powder using bitter alkali water |
TWI594954B (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2017-08-11 | Taiwan Carbon Nano Tech Corp | A method of producing electrical energy from a metal electrode made from seawater |
CN108147603A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-12 | 北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司 | A kind of hotting mask couples seawater desalinization pretreatment combined method |
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