CN104324338A - 一种褥疮用护理贴 - Google Patents
一种褥疮用护理贴 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104324338A CN104324338A CN201410717614.1A CN201410717614A CN104324338A CN 104324338 A CN104324338 A CN 104324338A CN 201410717614 A CN201410717614 A CN 201410717614A CN 104324338 A CN104324338 A CN 104324338A
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- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种褥疮用护理贴,属于中药技术领域,由下述原料制备而成:苦参、生大黄、黄柏、黄芩、川芎、延胡索、莪术、生地榆、地骨皮、地黄、冬凌草、黄芪、当归、乳香、没药、白蔹、白芷、红花、独活、白杨叶、桉树叶、三七、灵芝、丹参、金铃子、芍药、玫瑰花、茉莉花、甘草、滑石粉、石膏、氧化锌、药用硬脂酸锌、薄荷脑、冰片、芦荟、凤凰衣、B族维生素、活性炭。本发明各药具有协同作用,具有清热解毒、益气通络,养血润肤、敛疮生肌的作用,服用后,能促进机体的调节功能,加快创口愈合,并且具有止痛作用,减少了患者治疗过程中的痛苦,对褥疮的治疗可以起到标本兼治之效。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种褥疮用护理贴,属于中药技术领域。
背景技术
褥疮又称压疮,压力性溃疡,是由于局部组织长期受压使血液循环受阻,发生持续缺血、缺氧、营养不良而致组织溃烂坏死,是长期卧床及瘫痪病人的常见病、多发病。褥疮多见于截瘫患者,由于躯体的重压与摩擦而引起的,以局限性浅表皮肤破损,疮口经久不愈为主要表现的慢性疮疡类疾病,好发部位为骶骨、坐骨结节、股骨大转子等处,其次为跟骨、枕骨、髂前上棘、内外踝等部位。褥疮初起时,患者局部皮肤常常表现为红、肿、热、痛,这是受压部位暂时缺血引起的。继而发生溃烂,溃烂面及进一步加大。
褥疮的治疗一般情型不严重者都会使用抗生素为主,采用局部外涂碘酊、灭滴灵等外涂药物进行治疗,但随着耐药菌种的增加,许多细菌已对抗生素不敏感,影响临床疗效,毒副作用大,治愈周期长,难以根治,治疗效果不理想。较严重时,一般采用手术清除坏死组织,抗生素局部或全身消炎,但是经临床验证发现,这种方法不但没有治好褥疮,反而由于患者本身体质差,新陈代谢缓慢,血运障碍导致伤口不愈合,形成更大的创面,甚至有些感染发炎形成窦道,使病情加重。
在褥疮护理过程中经常需要擦涂外涂药物,在擦涂过程中,很有可能损伤皮肤。
发明内容
本发明克服了上述现有技术的不足,提供了一种褥疮用护理贴,可以快速治愈褥疮,使用方便,不易复发。
本发明的技术方案是:
一种褥疮用护理贴,其特征是,由以下重量份的物质制成:
苦参10-20、生大黄10-20、黄柏10-20、黄芩10-20、川芎10-20、延胡索10-20、莪术10-20、生地榆10-20、地骨皮10-20、地黄10-20、冬凌草10-20、黄芪10-20、当归10-20、乳香10-20、没药10-20、白蔹10-20、白芷10-20、红花8-15、独活10-20、白杨叶10-20、桉树叶10-20、三七10-20、灵芝8-15、丹参8-15、金铃子8-15、芍药8-15、玫瑰花1-5、茉莉花1-5、甘草10-20、滑石粉0.5-2、石膏0.5-2、氧化锌0.1-0.5、药用硬脂酸锌0.1-0.5、薄荷脑0.1-0.5、冰片0.1-0.5、芦荟1-5、凤凰衣0.5-1、B族维生素0.1-0.5、活性炭20-60。
优选的,由以下重量份的物质制成:
苦参15、生大黄15、黄柏15、黄芩15、川芎15、延胡索15、莪术15、生地榆15、地骨皮15、地黄15、冬凌草15、黄芪15、当归15、乳香15、没药15、白蔹15、白芷15、红花10、独活15、白杨叶15、桉树叶15、三七15、灵芝10、丹参10、金铃子10、芍药10、玫瑰花1、茉莉花1、甘草15、滑石粉1、石膏1、氧化锌0.3、药用硬脂酸锌0.3、薄荷脑0.3、冰片0.3、芦荟3、凤凰衣0.8、B族维生素0.3、活性炭40。
本发明还提供了一种褥疮用护理贴的制备方法,其特征是,包括以下步骤:
①根据上述的重量份称取原料;
②将步骤①中称取的苦参、生大黄、黄柏、黄芩、川芎、延胡索、莪术、生地榆、地骨皮、地黄、冬凌草、黄芪、当归、乳香、没药、白蔹、白芷、红花、独活、白杨叶、桉树叶、三七、灵芝、丹参、金铃子、芍药、甘草置于容器中,加入3倍水,浸泡2h,煎煮1h,然后倒出药液,药渣留在容器中,再加入水没过药渣,煎煮15min,倒出药液,合并两次煎煮药液,真空旋转蒸发至成粘稠液体,得药膏一,取出备用;
药渣烘干,粉碎,得药渣粉末,备用;
③取步骤①中称取的玫瑰花、茉莉花,制成粉末,为粉末一,将滑石粉、石膏、氧化锌、药用硬脂酸锌、薄荷脑、冰片、B族维生素制成粉末,为粉末二,将粉末一和粉末二混合均匀,即得混合药粉;
④将芦荟榨汁,取汁液,待用;
⑤将药膏一、混合药粉和芦荟汁混合均匀,敷于凤凰衣上,得护理贴内芯,即可使用;
⑥将活性炭粉碎,然后和药渣粉末混合,置于两层纱布中间,得药芯,然后再用两层纱布包覆在药芯表面,均匀缝合,即可,得护理贴外贴。
使用方法:
用清水清洗患处,洗后将护理贴内芯敷在疮面上,然后将护理贴外贴敷于护理贴内芯的表面,每日更换1次,10天为一疗程。
各中药的药理作用:
苦参:苦,寒。入肝、肾、大肠、小肠经。清热,燥湿,杀虫。治热毒血痢,肠风下血,黄疸,赤白带下,小儿肺炎,疳积,急性扁桃体炎,痔漏,脱肛,皮肤瘙痒,疥癞恶疮,阴疮湿痒,瘰疬,烫伤。外治滴虫性阴道炎。
生大黄:苦,寒。归经:归脾、胃、大肠、肝、心包经。功能主治:泻热通肠,凉血解毒,逐瘀通经。用于实热便秘,积滞腹痛,泻痢不爽,湿热黄疸,血热吐衄,目赤,咽肿,肠痈腹痛,痈肿疔疮,瘀血经闭,跌打损伤,外治水火烫伤;上消化道出血。酒大黄善清上焦血分热毒。用于目赤咽肿,齿龈肿痛。熟大黄泻下力缓,泻火解毒。用于火毒疮疡。大黄炭凉血化瘀止血。用于血热有瘀出血症。
黄柏:苦,寒。入肾、膀胱经。清热,燥湿,泻火除蒸,解毒疗疮。用于湿热泻痢,黄疸,带下,热淋,骨蒸潮热,盗汗,遗精,疮疡肿毒,湿疹瘙痒。药理研究表明,黄柏水煎液在体外对革兰氏阳性球菌和革兰氏阴性球菌有抑制作用,同时具有抗病原微生物作用,并能抑制由乙酰胆碱引起的收缩反应。
黄芩:苦,寒。归经:归肺、胆、脾、大肠、小肠经。功能主治:清热燥湿,泻火解毒,止血,安胎。用于湿温、暑温胸闷呕恶,湿热痞满,泻痢,黄疸,肺热咳嗽,高热烦渴,血热吐衄,痈肿疮毒,胎动不安。
川芎:味辛,温。入肝、胆经。行气开郁,法风燥湿,活血止痛。治风冷头痛旋晕,胁痛腹疼,寒痹筋挛,经闭,难产,产后瘀阻块痛,痈疽疮疡。用于月经不调,经闭痛经,瘕腹痛,胸胁刺痛,跌扑肿痛,头痛,风湿痹痛。
延胡索:辛、苦,温。归肝、脾经。功能主治:活血,利气,止痛。用于胸胁、脘腹疼痛,经闭痛经,产后瘀阻,跌扑肿痛。
莪术:辛、苦,温。归肝、脾经。功能主治:行气破血,消积止痛。用于燀瘕痞块,瘀血经闭,食积胀痛;早期宫颈癌。
地榆:苦酸;寒;无毒,归经:肝;肺;肾;大肠经,功能主治:凉血止血,清热解毒,消肿敛疮。主吐血,咯血,衄血,尿血,便血,痔血,血痢,崩漏,赤白带下,疮痈肿痛,湿疹,阴痒,水火烫伤,蛇虫咬伤。
地骨皮:性味甘,寒。归经:归肺、肝、肾经。功能主治:凉血除蒸,清肺降火。用于阴虚潮热,骨蒸盗汗,肺热咳嗽,咯血,衄血,内热消渴。
生地黄:甘,寒。归经:归心、肝、肾经。功能主治:生地黄黄:清热凉血,养阴,生津。用于热病舌绛烦渴,阴虚内热,骨蒸劳热,内热消渴,吐血,衄血,发斑发疹。
熟地黄:甘,微温。归经:归肝、肾经。功能主治:滋阴补血,益精填髓。用于肝肾阴虚,腰膝酸软,骨蒸潮热,盗汗遗精,内热消渴,血虚萎黄,心悸怔忡,月经不调,崩漏下血,眩晕,耳鸣,须发早白。
冬凌草:味苦、甘,性微寒。归肺、胃、肝经。清热解毒,活血止痛。用于咽喉肿痛,瘕瘕痞块,蛇虫咬伤。
黄芪:性温,味甘。补气升阳,益卫固表、托毒生肌、利水退肿。主治脾胃虚弱,食少倦怠,气虚血脱,表虚自汗、盗汗。
当归:甘辛,温。入心、肝、脾经。补血和血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠。治月经不调,经闭腹痛,癥瘕结聚,崩漏;血虚头痛,眩晕,痿痹;肠燥便难,赤痢后重;痈疽疮窃,跌扑损伤。
乳香:调气活血,定痛,追毒。治气血凝滞、心腹疼痛,痈疮肿毒,跌打损伤,痛经,产后瘀血刺痛。
没药:苦,辛,平,无毒。肝,脾,心,肾经。活血定痛,消肿生肌,主治跌打损伤,金疮,筋骨,心腹诸痛,症瘕,经闭,痈疽肿痛,疮疡溃后久不收口。
白蔹:性味苦,微寒。归心、胃经。功能主治:清热解毒,消痈散结。用于痈疽发背,疔疮,瘰疠,水火烫伤。
白芷:辛,温。入肺、髀、胃经。祛风,燥湿,消肿,止痛。治头痛,眉棱骨痛,齿痛,鼻渊,寒湿腹痛,肠风痔漏,赤白带下,痈疽疮疡,皮肤燥痒,疥癣。
红花:辛,温。入心、肝经。活血通经,去瘀止痛。治经闭,癥瘕,难产,死胎,产后恶露不行、瘀血作痛,痈肿,跌扑损伤。
独活:辛苦,温。入肾、膀胱经。祛风,胜湿,散寒,止痛。治风寒湿痹,腰膝酸痛,手脚挛痛,慢性气管炎,头痛,齿痛。
白杨叶:性味苦;性寒,功能主治:祛风止痛;解毒敛疮。主龋齿疼痛;骨疽;臁疮。
三七:性味:甘、微苦,温。归经归肝、胃经。功能主治:散瘀止血,消肿定痛。用于咯血,吐血,衄血,便血,崩漏,外伤出血,胸腹剌痛,跌扑肿痛。
灵芝:性味甘,平。归心、肺、肝、肾经。功能主治:补气安神,止咳平喘。用于眩晕不眠,心悸气短,虚劳咳喘。
丹参:苦,微寒;归心、肝经。活血化淤,凉血宁心。本品降而行血,善入血分,能通经脉、化淤滞、清心火、凉血热,安神志、除悸烦,常用于胸痹心痛,月经部调、疮疡肿痛,失眠及淤血肿痛等症。
金铃子:又名川楝子,性味苦,寒;有小毒。归肝、小肠、膀胱经。功能主治:舒肝行气止痛,驱虫。用于胸胁、脘腹胀痛,疝痛,虫积腹痛。
芍药:功能主治:通经活血。主治妇女闭经,干血痨症,赤白带下。
玫瑰花:性味甘、微苦,温。归肝、脾经。功能主治:行气解郁,和血,止痛。用于肝胃气痛,食少呕恶,月经不调,跌扑伤痛。
茉莉花:性味辛,微甘,性温;归经脾,胃,肝经。功能主治:理气止痛;辟秽开郁。主湿法中阻;胸膈不舒;泻痢腹痛;头晕头痛;目赤;疮毒
甘草:甘,平。归心、肺、脾、胃经。补脾益气,滋咳润肺,缓急解毒,调和百药。主治咽喉肿痛,痛疽疮疡,胃肠道溃疡以及解药毒、食物中毒等。
芦荟:性味苦,寒。归经入肝、心、脾经。功能主治:叶、芦荟膏:肝经实热头晕、头痛、耳鸣、烦躁、便秘,小儿惊痫,疳积;叶:外用治龋齿,疖痈肿毒,烧烫伤,湿癣。花:咳血,吐血,尿血。
薄荷脑:性味:味辛;性凉;功能主治:疏风;清热。主风热感冒;头痛;目赤;咽喉肿痛;齿痛;皮肤瘙痒
冰片:性味辛、苦,微寒。归经:归心、脾、肺经。功能主治:开窍醒神,清热止痛。用于热病神昏、痉厥,中风痰厥,气郁暴厥,中恶昏迷,目赤,口疮,咽喉肿痛,耳道流脓。
凤凰衣:味甘;淡;性平,归经脾;胃;肺经;功能主治:养阴清肺;敛疮;消翳;接骨。主外咳气喘;咽痛失音;淋巴结核;溃疡不敛;目生翳障;头目眩晕;创伤骨折。
本发明将上述药物组合后,其药效具有协同作用,具有清热解毒、益气通络,养血润肤、敛疮生肌的作用,服用后,能促进机体的调节功能,加快创口愈合,并且具有止痛作用,减少了患者治疗过程中的痛苦,对褥疮的治疗可以起到“标本”兼治之效。该药物能够直接通过皮肤软组织的吸收,直达病灶,快速扩张血管,促进局部血液循环,以起到活血祛瘀、去腐生肌的作用。并且,贴剂可以迅速渗透皮肤及创面,快速达到杀菌消炎的目的,换药时,只需简单清洗擦拭创面,即可再次使用贴剂,使用十分方便。
以下结合临床资料及典型病例对本发明的有益效果进一步说明。
一、临床观察
1、临床资料:褥疮患者120例,其中男54例,女66例,年龄38~76岁。褥疮浅度溃疡期98例,坏死溃疡期22例。
2、治疗方法:
用清水清洗患处,洗后将护理贴内芯敷在疮面上,然后将护理贴外贴敷于护理贴内芯的表面,每日更换1次,10天为一疗程。
3、疗效评定标准:
痊愈:新生肉芽组织全部长出,创面完全愈合;
显效:创面明显缩小、干燥、红润,新生肉芽组织大部分长出,无炎性渗出液;
好转:创面缩小,部分创面干燥、红润,新生肉芽组织部分长出,炎性渗出液减少;
无效:治疗前后溃疡面无明显变化。
4、治疗结果:痊愈108例,显效9例,好转2例,无效1例。治愈率为90%,有效率为99.2%。
5、结论:经临床患者应用,本发明疗效快、疗程短、治愈率高、成本低,无致敏性、无任何毒副作用,疗效显著。
二、典型病例
病例1,杨某,男,51岁。患者因煤矿事故卧床3年,臀部和背部发现褥疮半年,伤口面积约4cm*6cm,深4.5cm,和3cm*5cm,深3.5cm,伤口可见大量脓性分泌物,多方治疗无效,后来经过使用本发明护理贴治疗2个疗程,病情得到了控制,情况渐渐好转。继续治疗1个疗程,创面愈合,至今未复发。
病例2,张某,女,62岁。患者因中风卧床5年,三个多月前,患上褥疮,全身2处溃疡,后手术治疗,但创口仍不愈合,后经多次手术切除,创口难以愈合。后来经过使用本发明药物治疗2个疗程,病情得到了控制,情况渐渐好转。继续治疗2个疗程,创面愈合,身体已经恢复了正常。
病例3:林某某,女,52岁,因中风卧床4年,背部和臀部生有褥疮,使用本发明的护理贴后,一月结痂痊愈。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
配方:苦参15、生大黄15、黄柏15、黄芩15、川芎15、延胡索15、莪术15、生地榆15、地骨皮15、地黄15、冬凌草15、黄芪15、当归15、乳香15、没药15、白蔹15、白芷15、红花10、独活15、白杨叶15、桉树叶15、三七15、灵芝10、丹参10、金铃子10、芍药10、玫瑰花1、茉莉花1、甘草15、滑石粉1、石膏1、氧化锌0.3、药用硬脂酸锌0.3、薄荷脑0.3、冰片0.3、芦荟3、凤凰衣0.8、B族维生素0.3、活性炭40。
制备方法:
①根据上述的重量份称取原料;
②将步骤①中称取的苦参、生大黄、黄柏、黄芩、川芎、延胡索、莪术、生地榆、地骨皮、地黄、冬凌草、黄芪、当归、乳香、没药、白蔹、白芷、红花、独活、白杨叶、桉树叶、三七、灵芝、丹参、金铃子、芍药、甘草置于容器中,加入3倍水,浸泡2h,煎煮1h,然后倒出药液,药渣留在容器中,再加入水没过药渣,煎煮15min,倒出药液,合并两次煎煮药液,真空旋转蒸发至成粘稠液体,得药膏一,取出备用;
药渣烘干,粉碎,得药渣粉末,备用;
③取步骤①中称取的玫瑰花、茉莉花,制成粉末,为粉末一,将滑石粉、石膏、氧化锌、药用硬脂酸锌、薄荷脑、冰片、B族维生素制成粉末,为粉末二,将粉末一和粉末二混合均匀,即得混合药粉;
④将芦荟榨汁,取汁液,待用;
⑤将药膏一、混合药粉和芦荟汁混合均匀,敷于凤凰衣上,护理贴内芯,即可使用;
⑥将活性炭粉碎,然后和药渣粉末混合,置于两层纱布中间,得药芯,然后再用两层纱布包覆在药芯表面,均匀缝合,即可,得护理贴外贴。
使用方法:
用清水清洗患处,洗后将护理贴内芯敷在疮面上,然后将护理贴外贴敷于护理贴内芯的表面,每日更换1次,10天为一疗程。
实施例2:
配方:苦参10、生大黄10、黄柏10、黄芩10、川芎10、延胡索10、莪术10、生地榆10、地骨皮10、地黄10、冬凌草10、黄芪10、当归10、乳香10、没药10、白蔹10、白芷10、红花8、独活10、白杨叶10、桉树叶10、三七10、灵芝8、丹参8、金铃子8、芍药8、玫瑰花1、茉莉花1、甘草10、滑石粉0.5、石膏0.5、氧化锌0.1、药用硬脂酸锌0.1、薄荷脑0.1、冰片0.1、芦荟1、凤凰衣0.5、B族维生素0.1、活性炭20。
制备和使用方法如实施例1。
实施例3:
配方:苦参20、生大黄20、黄柏20、黄芩20、川芎20、延胡索20、莪术20、生地榆20、地骨皮20、地黄20、冬凌草20、黄芪20、当归20、乳香20、没药20、白蔹20、白芷20、红花15、独活20、白杨叶20、桉树叶20、三七20、灵芝15、丹参15、金铃子15、芍药15、玫瑰花5、茉莉花5、甘草20、滑石粉2、石膏2、氧化锌0.5、药用硬脂酸锌0.5、薄荷脑0.5、冰片0.5、芦荟5、凤凰衣1、B族维生素0.5、活性炭60。
制备和使用方法如实施例1。
Claims (3)
1.一种褥疮用护理贴,其特征是,由以下重量份的物质制成:
苦参10-20、生大黄10-20、黄柏10-20、黄芩10-20、川芎10-20、延胡索10-20、莪术10-20、生地榆10-20、地骨皮10-20、地黄10-20、冬凌草10-20、黄芪10-20、当归10-20、乳香10-20、没药10-20、白蔹10-20、白芷10-20、红花8-15、独活10-20、白杨叶10-20、桉树叶10-20、三七10-20、灵芝8-15、丹参8-15、金铃子8-15、芍药8-15、玫瑰花1-5、茉莉花1-5、甘草10-20、滑石粉0.5-2、石膏0.5-2、氧化锌0.1-0.5、药用硬脂酸锌0.1-0.5、薄荷脑0.1-0.5、冰片0.1-0.5、芦荟1-5、凤凰衣0.5-1、B族维生素0.1-0.5、活性炭20-60。
2.如权利要求1所述的褥疮用护理贴,其特征是,由以下重量份的物质制成:
苦参15、生大黄15、黄柏15、黄芩15、川芎15、延胡索15、莪术15、生地榆15、地骨皮15、地黄15、冬凌草15、黄芪15、当归15、乳香15、没药15、白蔹15、白芷15、红花10、独活15、白杨叶15、桉树叶15、三七15、灵芝10、丹参10、金铃子10、芍药10、玫瑰花1、茉莉花1、甘草15、滑石粉1、石膏1、氧化锌0.3、药用硬脂酸锌0.3、薄荷脑0.3、冰片0.3、芦荟3、凤凰衣0.8、B族维生素0.3、活性炭40。
3.一种褥疮用护理贴的制备方法,其特征是,包括以下步骤:
①根据权利要求1或2所述的重量份称取原料;
②将步骤①中称取的苦参、生大黄、黄柏、黄芩、川芎、延胡索、莪术、生地榆、地骨皮、地黄、冬凌草、黄芪、当归、乳香、没药、白蔹、白芷、红花、独活、白杨叶、桉树叶、三七、灵芝、丹参、金铃子、芍药、甘草置于容器中,加入3倍水,浸泡2h,煎煮1h,然后倒出药液,药渣留在容器中,再加入水没过药渣,煎煮15min,倒出药液,合并两次煎煮药液,真空旋转蒸发至成粘稠液体,得药膏一,取出备用;
药渣烘干,粉碎,得药渣粉末,备用;
③取步骤①中称取的玫瑰花、茉莉花,制成粉末,为粉末一,将滑石粉、石膏、氧化锌、药用硬脂酸锌、薄荷脑、冰片、B族维生素制成粉末,为粉末二,将粉末一和粉末二混合均匀,即得混合药粉;
④将芦荟榨汁,取汁液,待用;
⑤将药膏一、混合药粉和芦荟汁混合均匀,敷于凤凰衣上,护理贴内芯,即可使用;
⑥将活性炭粉碎,然后和药渣粉末混合,置于两层纱布中间,得药芯,然后再用两层纱布包覆在药芯表面,均匀缝合,即可,得护理贴外贴。
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