CN104316111A - Microclimate monitoring system and method for monitoring native grass based on system - Google Patents
Microclimate monitoring system and method for monitoring native grass based on system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microclimate monitoring system and a method for monitoring native grass based on the system, and relates to the field of automatic monitoring of the steppe ecology and the animal husbandry weather. The system comprises a data monitoring server, a pasture growth vigor monitoring subsystem, a meteorological element monitoring subsystem, a soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, a wireless communication device and a data collecting device. The data monitoring server is in wireless connection with the data collecting device through the wireless communication device, and the data collecting device is in wired connection with the pasture growth vigor monitoring subsystem, the meteorological element monitoring subsystem and the soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem. The microclimate monitoring system and the method solve the problems that according to an existing manual steppe ecology meteorological observation method, the distance between an observation point and a station is large, observation is not convenient, work, time and labor are wasted, and meanwhile due to the great subjectivity of manual observation, the ecology observation data error is large, and the frequency of the observation data is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grassland ecology and the meteorological monitoring field automatically of animal husbandry, particularly relate to a kind of microclimate monitoring system and the method based on this system monitoring native grass.
Background technology
The total land area of Xilinguole League is 20.3 ten thousand km
2, there are 13 grassland ecology research stations in full alliance, and grassland ecology Observation Service has run for many years, obtains a large amount of observational data.The existing method with the meteorological observation of artificial observation grassland ecology has the following disadvantages: existing observation station and the station distant, observation is inconvenient, takes a lot of work, time-consuming, effort, simultaneously, because the subjectivity of artificial observation is comparatively large, ecological error of observation data is comparatively large, and observation data frequency is low.
Because grassland ecology observation is the important foundation to grassland ecology research, so the means of artificial observation grassland ecology meteorology, the aspects such as related science research and very important decision service can not be met to the demand of the meteorological basic data of grassland ecology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of microclimate monitoring system and the method based on this system monitoring native grass, thus solve the foregoing problems existed in prior art.
To achieve these goals, a kind of microclimate monitoring system of the present invention, the technical scheme adopted is as follows: this system comprises: data monitoring server, herbage Growing state survey subsystem, meteorological element monitoring subsystem, soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, Wireless Telecom Equipment and data acquisition equipment; By described Wireless Telecom Equipment, described data monitoring server and described data acquisition equipment wireless connections, described data acquisition equipment respectively with described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, described meteorological element monitoring subsystem and described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem wired connection;
Described data monitoring server, for regulating and controlling the monitoring of described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, described meteorological element monitoring subsystem and described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, and is responsible for the data of above-mentioned three subsystems transmission of display;
Described data acquisition equipment, gathers the electric signal numerical value that the sensor in described meteorological element monitoring subsystem and described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem records, and converts thereof into weather data and store and pass to described data monitoring server; Meanwhile, be also responsible for the digital picture of the native grass area of observation coverage sent by described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, pass to described data monitoring server;
Described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, for obtaining the digital picture of native grass in the described native grass area of observation coverage;
Described meteorological element monitoring subsystem, for monitoring the meteorological element of the described native grass area of observation coverage;
Described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, for monitoring the edaphic factor of the described native grass area of observation coverage.
Preferably, described meteorological element monitoring subsystem comprises: from cantilever tip fixing wind speed wind direction sensor, radiation sensor, power-supply unit and barometer on the bracket successively downwards, also be fixedly installed first Temperature Humidity Sensor symmetrically arranged relative to described support with described wind speed wind direction sensor on the bracket, described support fixes on the ground; Described support between described power-supply unit and described barometer is also fixed with symmetrically arranged air velocity transducer and the second Temperature Humidity Sensor; Wherein, by described data acquisition equipment, described power-supply unit is powered respectively to described wind speed wind direction sensor, described first Temperature Humidity Sensor, described radiation sensor, described air velocity transducer and described second Temperature Humidity Sensor;
Described meteorological element monitoring subsystem also comprises: rain gage, and described rain gage is fixedly installed on the ground apart from described support 2 ~ 4m.
Preferably, described data acquisition equipment is fixed on the support of described meteorological element monitoring subsystem, and is fixed on the lower end of described air velocity transducer and described second Temperature Humidity Sensor.
Preferably, described herbage Growing state survey subsystem comprises: high-definition network camera and the first data acquisition unit; Described high-definition network camera and described first data acquisition unit wired connection; Described first data acquisition unit and described data acquisition equipment wired connection;
Described high-definition network camera is used for the herbage picture of the native grass area of observation coverage described in Real-time Obtaining, and go out to give described first data acquisition unit by the herbage picture of acquisition, send described herbage picture to described data acquisition equipment by described first data acquisition unit.
Preferably, described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem comprises: soil temperature sensor and soil humidity sensor; Described soil temperature sensor and described soil humidity sensor respectively with described data acquisition equipment wired connection.
A kind of method based on microclimate monitoring system monitoring native grass of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
S1, employing high-definition network camera, the herbage height of the Real-time Obtaining native grass area of observation coverage and the image of cover degree;
S2, the image of acquisition is sent to data monitoring server, calculates herbage height and herbage cover degree;
S3, calculate the herbage ground biomass of the described native grass area of observation coverage according to following formula (1);
Y＝6.887X
0.88 (1)
Wherein, described Y is herbage ground biomass in the described native grass area of observation coverage, unit kg/ha, and described X is the product of herbage height and herbage cover degree in the described native grass area of observation coverage.
Preferably, step S1 concrete grammar is: described high-definition network camera adopts Close Up Photogrammetry, utilizes CCD imaging, obtains the herbage height of the described native grass area of observation coverage and the image of cover degree.
Preferably, in step S2, described herbage height calculates according to formula (2):
Wherein, H represents the average height of herbage in the described native grass area of observation coverage, unit cm; Described h represents that the height of herbage measured by the herbage height picture acceptance of the bid chi from the described native grass area of observation coverage, unit cm; Described L represents the distance of described herbage and described scale, unit cm; Described a represents the shortest horizontal range of the described native grass area of observation coverage and described high-definition network camera, unit cm; Described b represents the vertical range of described high-definition network camera to described ground, unit cm; Described m represents the length of side of the square described native grass area of observation coverage, unit cm.
Preferably, in step S2, described herbage cover degree obtains by the following method:
First geometry correction and image cropping process are carried out to the image obtaining described native grass observation area cover degree in step S1, then based on Pixel scrambling, obtain the information of the atural object pixel in the image processed, then the threshold value of Red Green Blue is set, analyzed by herbage and background characteristics in the described image processed and obtain the pixel of the herbage on the described image processed and the total pixel number of image of described process, described herbage pixel number and described total pixel number are done ratio, and the number percent obtained is the cover degree of herbage.
Preferably, also there are following steps after step s 3: the ground biomass of the herbage in the described native grass area of observation coverage that step S3 obtains by data monitoring server and the corresponding thereto meteorological element in moment are made into form and are presented on the display interface of described data monitoring server.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
System of the present invention utilizes high definition network technology, meteorological sensor technology, data acquisition technology, wireless communication technique and solar powered, realizes the automatic observation to grassland ecology meteorology.The microclimate monitoring system that the present invention grows for monitoring native grass, solves the various drawbacks of artificial observation, as monitoring station distance, observe bothersome effort to take a lot of work, artificial observation subjectivity is comparatively large, and ecological error of observation data is comparatively large, the problems such as observation data frequency is low.The research and development of this system, fully solve above drawback, realize observation data and implement monitoring, observation element is comprehensive, time saving and energy saving, to improve objectivity, the quality of data of ecological observational data and alleviate observation personnel work gas intensity, to improve observed efficiency etc. significant.
The present invention is simple for the microclimate monitoring system structure of monitoring native grass and growing, powerful, the key element index of monitoring is comprehensive, data acquisition amount is large, solve many drawbacks that Traditional Man carries out ecological observation, data acquisition science is accurate, and data analysis understands automatically, and supervisory system is easy to learn.The data that the present invention monitors acquisition improve objectivity, the quality of data of ecological observational data and alleviate observation personnel work gas intensity, raising observed efficiency, for grassland ecology Observation Service, there is the progress of leap, filled up the blank of grassland ecology monitoring field robotization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of microclimate monitoring system described in embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the subsystem of herbage Growing state survey described in embodiment 1; 1-1 represents the first data acquisition unit, and 1-2 represents high-definition network camera, and 1-3 represents high-definition network camera, and 1-4 represents camera mount;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of meteorological element monitoring subsystem described in embodiment 1 and described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, and 2-1 represents support, and 2-2 represents wind speed wind direction sensor, 2-3 represents the first Temperature Humidity Sensor, 2-4 represents radiation sensor, and 2-5 represents power-supply unit, and 2-6 represents air velocity transducer, 2-8 represents the second Temperature Humidity Sensor, 2-9 represents rain gage, and 2-10 represents barometer, and 3-1 represents soil temperature sensor, 3-2 represents soil moisture sensor, and 4 represent data acquisition equipment;
Fig. 4 adopts the calculating herbage obtaining the described native grass area of observation coverage highly to illustrate in embodiment 2; Wherein, A point represents the high-definition network camera laterally settled.
Fig. 5 adopts the calculating herbage cover degree diagram obtaining the described native grass area of observation coverage in embodiment 2;
Fig. 6 is the curve map of formula described in embodiment 2 (1); Wherein, horizontal ordinate represents the product of herbage height cover degree, unit cm%, and described ordinate represents the biomass of herbage, units/kg/ha; The curve trend of the curve representation formula (1) in figure, the Diamond spot in figure represents the coordinate points that herbage height cover degree product and Forage Grass Biomass are formed.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of microclimate monitoring system, this system comprises: data monitoring server, herbage Growing state survey subsystem, meteorological element monitoring subsystem, soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, Wireless Telecom Equipment and data acquisition equipment; By described Wireless Telecom Equipment, described data monitoring server and described data acquisition equipment wireless connections, described data acquisition equipment respectively with described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, described meteorological element monitoring subsystem and described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem wired connection.
Described data monitoring server, for regulating and controlling the monitoring of described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, described meteorological element monitoring subsystem and described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, and the data that above-mentioned three subsystems transmit are processed and are responsible for showing the result of above-mentioned data processing; Described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, for monitoring meteorological element monitoring subsystem described in Ecological informations such as identifying native grass height, cover degree, period of seedling establishment, florescence, productive phase, yellow withered phase and native grass kind, for monitoring the meteorological element of the herbage area of observation coverage; Described meteorological element comprises: temperature, precipitation, wind speed and direction, relative humidity, air pressure and photosynthetically active radiation; Described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, for monitoring the edaphic factor of the herbage area of observation coverage, described edaphic factor comprises: the soil moisture and soil moisture; The magnitude of voltage that described data acquisition equipment timing records the sensor in described meteorological element monitoring subsystem and described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, current value, resistance value, pulse signal gathers, and converts thereof into weather data and store and pass to described data monitoring server; Meanwhile, be also responsible for the digital picture of the native grass area of observation coverage sent by described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, pass to described data monitoring server; Meanwhile, also receive and store the digital picture of the described native grass area of observation coverage that described herbage Growing state survey subsystem transmits, and the data of storage are passed to described data monitoring server in real time by radio communication.
In the present embodiment, described meteorological element monitoring subsystem comprises: be fixed on wind speed wind direction sensor 2-2, radiation sensor 2-4, power-supply unit 2-5 and the barometer 2-10 described support 2-1 downwards successively from support 2-1 top, described support 2-1 is also fixedly installed the first Temperature Humidity Sensor 2-3 symmetrically arranged relative to described support 2-1 with described wind speed wind direction sensor 2-2, and described support 2-1 fixes on the ground, support between described power-supply unit 2-5 and described barometer 2-10 is also fixed with symmetrically arranged air velocity transducer 2-6 and the second Temperature Humidity Sensor 2-8, wherein, by described data acquisition equipment 4, described power-supply unit 2-5 is respectively to described wind speed wind direction sensor 2-2, described first Temperature Humidity Sensor 2-3, described radiation sensor 2-4, described air velocity transducer 2-6 and described second Temperature Humidity Sensor 2-8 powers, more specifically be illustrated as: the power lead of described power-supply unit 2-5 connects described data acquisition equipment 4, power to described data acquisition equipment 4, described data acquisition equipment 4 is also by power lead and described wind speed wind direction sensor 2-2 simultaneously, described first Temperature Humidity Sensor 2-3, described radiation sensor 2-4, described air velocity transducer 2-6 is connected with described second Temperature Humidity Sensor 2-8 to reach and controls and to the object of each sensor power, so described data acquisition unit not only has the effect controlling to gather each sensor determination data in the present embodiment, also there is the effect to each sensor power.Described meteorological element monitoring subsystem also comprises: rain gage 2-9, and described rain gage 2-9 is fixedly installed on the ground apart from described support 3.5m.Meteorological element around the native grass area of observation coverage described in each equipment implementing monitoring in described meteorological element monitoring subsystem: temperature, precipitation, wind speed and direction, relative humidity, air pressure and photosynthetically active radiation, and the meteorological element recorded is passed to described data acquisition equipment in real time.Described power-supply unit 2-5 comprises solar panels and accumulator, and the sun power collected is converted into power storage and powers to the equipment in described meteorological element monitoring subsystem and described data acquisition unit in described accumulator by described solar panels.
In the present embodiment, the position of described air velocity transducer 2-6 and described wind speed wind direction sensor 2-2 can exchange, because the 2-1 of support described in the present embodiment is highly 3m-4m, as those skilled in the art is known, described wind speed wind direction sensor 2-2 can with the location swap of described air velocity transducer 2-6, and can not to have an impact to the measurement result of wind direction.
In the present embodiment, described data acquisition equipment 4 is fixed on the support 2-1 of described meteorological element monitoring subsystem, and is fixed on the lower end of described air velocity transducer 2-6 and described second Temperature Humidity Sensor 2-8.
In the present embodiment, described herbage Growing state survey subsystem comprises: high-definition network camera and the first data acquisition unit 1-1; Described high-definition network camera and described first data acquisition unit 1-1 wired connection, described high-definition network camera and described first data acquisition unit 1-1 are fixed on described camera mount 1-4.Described first data acquisition unit 1-1 is connected with described data acquisition equipment 4; Described first data acquisition unit 1-1 gathers the herbage digital picture of described high-definition network camera captured in real-time, then sends described data monitoring service device to by described data storage device 4.
In the present embodiment, described high-definition network camera is taked laterally to install and longitudinally install at the described native grass area of observation coverage respectively; Obtained the height of herbage by the digital picture of described high-definition network camera shooting of laterally installing, obtained the cover degree of herbage by the digital picture of described high-definition network camera shooting of longitudinally installing.Be specially: the described high-definition network camera 1-3 longitudinally installed is arranged on distance 2.0m place, ground, and camera is vertically longitudinally arranged towards native grass area of observation coverage ground, obtains the herbage coverage image of the described herbage area of observation coverage; The described high-definition network camera 1-2 laterally installed is arranged on distance 0.5m place, ground, and native grass area of observation coverage ground described in camera parallel transverse is arranged, and obtains the herbage height image of the described herbage area of observation coverage.Chi is being installed and measured with the side of laterally installing the relative described native grass area of observation coverage of described high-definition network camera.
In the present embodiment, described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem comprises: soil temperature sensor 3-1 and soil humidity sensor 3-2; Described soil temperature sensor 3-1 and described soil humidity sensor 3-2 respectively with described data acquisition equipment 4 wired connection.Wherein, utilize soil temperature sensor 3-1 to monitor the temperature of different levels soil, and in real time the data collecting the soil moisture are transferred to described data acquisition equipment 4; Described soil humidity sensor 3-2 directly inserts in the soil at described meteorological element monitoring subsystem place, and in real time the data collecting soil moisture is transferred to described data acquisition equipment 4.
In the present embodiment, the smooth region that can represent region ecologic regime is selected in the fabricating yard of described microclimate monitoring system, and place communication is good and the described native grass area of observation coverage is the length of side is the square area of observation coverage of 1m.
In the present embodiment, the data transmission of described microclimate monitoring system adopts GPRS wireless transmission, purchases the transmission that data traffic card ensures data.Described microclimate monitoring system can carry out remote monitoring, system can be logged at any time there being the place of internet and conduct interviews, dynamic knowledge ecosystem present situation.Sets itself measures the working time of the high-definition network camera of herbage height and herbage cover degree and number of times of taking pictures as required, automatically starts under program and closes, saving energy consumption.
Embodiment 2:
Based on a method for microclimate monitoring system monitoring native grass, based on the method for the monitoring of microclimate monitoring system described in embodiment 1 native grass, comprise the following steps:
S1, use high-definition network camera, adopt Close Up Photogrammetry, utilize CCD imaging, the herbage height of the native grass area of observation coverage described in Real-time Obtaining and the image of cover degree;
S2, the image of acquisition is sent to data monitoring server, calculates herbage height and herbage cover degree;
S3, calculate the herbage ground biomass of the described native grass area of observation coverage according to following formula (1);
Y＝6.887X
0.88 (1)
Wherein, described Y is described native grass area of observation coverage native grass ground biomass, unit kg/ha, and described X is the product of described native grass area of observation coverage herbage height and herbage cover degree.
With reference to Fig. 4, in step S2, described herbage height calculates according to formula (2):
Wherein, H represents the average height of herbage in the described native grass area of observation coverage, unit cm; Described h represents that the height of herbage measured by the herbage height picture acceptance of the bid chi from the described native grass area of observation coverage, unit cm; Described L represents the distance of described herbage and described scale, unit cm; Described a represents the shortest horizontal range of the described native grass area of observation coverage and described high-definition network camera, unit cm; Described b represents the vertical range of described high-definition network camera to described ground, unit cm; Described m represents the length of side of the square described native grass area of observation coverage, unit cm, and in the present embodiment, the described native grass area of observation coverage is the square of length of side 100cm.
With reference to Fig. 5, in step S2, described herbage cover degree obtains by the following method:
First geometry correction and image cropping process are carried out to the image obtaining described native grass area of observation coverage cover degree in step S1, then based on Pixel scrambling, obtain the information of the atural object pixel in the image processed, then the threshold value of Red Green Blue is set, analyzed by herbage and background characteristics in the described image processed and obtain the pixel of the herbage on the described image processed and the total pixel number of image of described process, described herbage pixel number and described total pixel number are done ratio, and the number percent obtained is the cover degree of herbage.
Explain more specifically: suppose that the information of a pixel is made up of vegetation and non-vegetation two parts, the information linear weighted function that the spectral signature of pixel is contributed by these two parts forms.Photograph captured by digital camera is made up of red, green, blue three primary colours.Therefore, the three primary colours information in photograph is also formed by the three primary colours information linear weighted function of vegetation part and non-vegetation part, and the weight of vegetation and non-vegetation is the respective ratio of area shared by sample prescription.Therefore, grassland vegetation cover degree just can be regarded as the weight of vegetation pixel in sample prescription.According to the definition of grassland vegetation cover degree, cover degree is the percentage shared by aerial part planimetric area of whole plant individual in sample ground, the pixel number be in image shared by vegetation accounts for the number percent of the total pixel number of sample prescription, so the pixel number of herbage described in digital picture and described total pixel number are done the cover degree of ratio as herbage in this native grass monitoring section in the present embodiment.
Reference Fig. 6, Fig. 6 give birth to estimation of biomass model, i.e. the Y=6.887X of formula described in step S3 to native grass in the present invention
0.88curve map, wherein formula Y=6.887X
0.88r
2=0.816.
In the present embodiment, also there are following steps after step S3: the ground biomass of the herbage in the described native grass area of observation coverage that step S3 obtains by data monitoring server and the corresponding thereto meteorological element in moment are made into form and are presented on the display interface of described data monitoring server.
In the present embodiment, the position relationship of described microclimate monitoring system and the described native grass area of observation coverage is: the described native grass area of observation coverage is positioned at the north of described microclimate monitoring system upwards, and described microclimate monitoring system and the described native grass area of observation coverage are determined by the connecting line between data acquisition equipment and the first data acquisition unit.
By adopting technique scheme disclosed by the invention, obtain effect useful as follows:
System of the present invention utilizes high definition network technology, meteorological sensor technology, data acquisition technology, wireless communication technique and solar powered, realizes the automatic observation to grassland ecology meteorology.The microclimate monitoring system that the present invention grows for monitoring native grass, solves the various drawbacks of artificial observation, as monitoring station distance, observe bothersome effort to take a lot of work, artificial observation subjectivity is comparatively large, and ecological error of observation data is comparatively large, the problems such as observation data frequency is low.The research and development of this system, fully solve above drawback, realize observation data and implement monitoring, observation element is comprehensive, time saving and energy saving, to improve objectivity, the quality of data of ecological observational data and alleviate observation personnel work gas intensity, to improve observed efficiency etc. significant.
The present invention is simple for the microclimate monitoring system structure of monitoring native grass and growing, powerful, the key element index of monitoring is comprehensive, data acquisition amount is large, solve many drawbacks that Traditional Man carries out ecological observation, data acquisition science is accurate, and data analysis understands automatically, and supervisory system is easy to learn.The data that the present invention monitors acquisition improve objectivity, the quality of data of ecological observational data and alleviate observation personnel work gas intensity, raising observed efficiency, for grassland ecology Observation Service, there is the progress of leap, filled up the blank of grassland ecology monitoring field robotization.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should look protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a microclimate monitoring system, is characterized in that, this system comprises: data monitoring server, herbage Growing state survey subsystem, meteorological element monitoring subsystem, soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, Wireless Telecom Equipment and data acquisition equipment; By described Wireless Telecom Equipment, described data monitoring server and described data acquisition equipment wireless connections, described data acquisition equipment respectively with described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, described meteorological element monitoring subsystem and described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem wired connection;
Described data monitoring server, for regulating and controlling the monitoring of described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, described meteorological element monitoring subsystem and described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, and is responsible for the data of above-mentioned three subsystems transmission of display;
Described data acquisition equipment, gathers the electric signal numerical value that the sensor in described meteorological element monitoring subsystem and described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem records, and converts thereof into weather data and store and pass to described data monitoring server; Meanwhile, be also responsible for the digital picture of the native grass area of observation coverage sent by described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, pass to described data monitoring server;
Described herbage Growing state survey subsystem, for obtaining the digital picture of native grass in the described native grass area of observation coverage;
Described meteorological element monitoring subsystem, for monitoring the meteorological element of the described native grass area of observation coverage;
Described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem, for monitoring the edaphic factor of the described native grass area of observation coverage.
2. microclimate monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described meteorological element monitoring subsystem comprises: from cantilever tip fixing wind speed wind direction sensor, radiation sensor, power-supply unit and barometer on the bracket successively downwards, also be fixedly installed first Temperature Humidity Sensor symmetrically arranged relative to described support with described wind speed wind direction sensor on the bracket, described support fixes on the ground; Described support between described power-supply unit and described barometer is also fixed with symmetrically arranged air velocity transducer and the second Temperature Humidity Sensor; Wherein, by described data acquisition equipment, described power-supply unit is powered respectively to described wind speed wind direction sensor, described first Temperature Humidity Sensor, described radiation sensor, described air velocity transducer and described second Temperature Humidity Sensor;
Described meteorological element monitoring subsystem also comprises: rain gage, and described rain gage is fixedly installed on the ground apart from described support 2 ~ 4m.
3. microclimate monitoring system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described data acquisition equipment is fixed on the support of described meteorological element monitoring subsystem, and is fixed on the lower end of described air velocity transducer and described second Temperature Humidity Sensor.
4. microclimate monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described herbage Growing state survey subsystem comprises: high-definition network camera and the first data acquisition unit; Described high-definition network camera and described first data acquisition unit wired connection; Described first data acquisition unit and described data acquisition equipment wired connection;
Described high-definition network camera is used for the herbage picture of the native grass area of observation coverage described in Real-time Obtaining, and go out to give described first data acquisition unit by the herbage picture of acquisition, send described herbage picture to described data acquisition equipment by described first data acquisition unit.
5. microclimate monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described soil temperature and humidity monitoring subsystem comprises: soil temperature sensor and soil humidity sensor; Described soil temperature sensor and described soil humidity sensor respectively with described data acquisition equipment wired connection.
6. based on a method for microclimate monitoring system monitoring native grass, it is characterized in that, based on the method for the monitoring of microclimate monitoring system as described in claim 1-5 any one native grass, comprise the following steps:
S1, employing high-definition network camera, the herbage height of the Real-time Obtaining native grass area of observation coverage and the image of cover degree;
S2, the image of acquisition is sent to data monitoring server, calculates herbage height and herbage cover degree;
S3, calculate the herbage ground biomass of the described native grass area of observation coverage according to following formula (1);
Y＝6.887X
0.88 (1)
Wherein, described Y is herbage ground biomass in the described native grass area of observation coverage, unit kg/ha, and described X is the product of herbage height and herbage cover degree in the described native grass area of observation coverage.
7. according to claim 6 based on the method for microclimate monitoring system monitoring native grass, it is characterized in that, step S1 concrete grammar is: described high-definition network camera adopts Close Up Photogrammetry, utilize CCD imaging, obtain the herbage height of the described native grass area of observation coverage and the image of cover degree.
8., according to claim 6 based on the method for microclimate monitoring system monitoring native grass, it is characterized in that, in step S2, described herbage height calculates according to formula (2):
Wherein, H represents the average height of herbage in the described native grass area of observation coverage, unit cm; Described h represents that the height of herbage measured by the herbage height picture acceptance of the bid chi from the described native grass area of observation coverage, unit cm; Described L represents the distance of described herbage and described scale, unit cm; Described a represents the shortest horizontal range of the described native grass area of observation coverage and described high-definition network camera, unit cm; Described b represents the vertical range of described high-definition network camera to described ground, unit cm; Described m represents the length of side of the square described native grass area of observation coverage, unit cm.
9., according to claim 6 based on the method for microclimate monitoring system monitoring native grass, it is characterized in that, in step S2, described herbage cover degree obtains by the following method:
First geometry correction and image cropping process are carried out to the image obtaining described native grass observation area cover degree in step S1, then based on Pixel scrambling, obtain the information of the atural object pixel in the image processed, then the threshold value of Red Green Blue is set, analyzed by herbage and background characteristics in the described image processed and obtain the pixel of the herbage on the described image processed and the total pixel number of image of described process, described herbage pixel number and described total pixel number are done ratio, and the number percent obtained is the cover degree of herbage.
10. according to claim 6 based on the method for microclimate monitoring system monitoring native grass, it is characterized in that also there are following steps after step s 3: the ground biomass of the herbage in the described native grass area of observation coverage that step S3 obtains by data monitoring server and the corresponding thereto meteorological element in moment are made into form and are presented on the display interface of described data monitoring server.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108353676A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-08-03 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of measurement heat wave weather and cradle the experimental provision influenced on Grassland ecosystems |
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| CN104316111B (en) | 2017-01-25 |
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