CN104310953B - The preparation method of middle temperature high alumina high intensity domestic ceramics - Google Patents
The preparation method of middle temperature high alumina high intensity domestic ceramics Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The preparation method that the invention discloses a kind of middle temperature high alumina high intensity domestic ceramics, comprise the following production steps that 1, Slug preparing: take corundum, potash feldspar, Kaolin, ball clay, Talcum, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide carry out wet ball grinding as raw material, then through deironing, filter pressing, pugging, prepare blank standby; 2, prepared by glaze: take potash feldspar, quartz, Talcum, Kaolin, Stalactitum, zinc oxide, corundum as the raw material of glaze mixed after carry out ball milling; Go out ball material after magnetic separator de-ironing deironing, cross 325 mesh sieves, make finished product glaze standby; 3, production technique: include molding, repaired biscuit, glazing, burn till, makes middle temperature high alumina high intensity domestic ceramic product. The domestic ceramic product qualification rate that the present invention prepares is high, and product appearance is regular, and glaze paint is smooth; Thermal shock resistance test reaches heat exchange in 20 DEG C of water of 200 DEG C of inputs and does not once split; Glaze paint vickers microhardness is higher than 6.0GPa; Impact strength is higher than 1.5J/cm2��
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ceramic field, specifically the preparation method of a kind of middle temperature high alumina high intensity domestic ceramics.
Background technology
Domestic ceramics refers to the ceramic article for contacting foodstuff, such as tableware, tea set etc. Modern domestic ceramics is of a great variety, has porcelain and ceramic, has high, medium and low temperature to burn till, has sclerotin, quartziferous magnesia, high, Bei Zhi etc. The technology of domestic ceramics requires, except hygienic requirements (as plumbous, quantity of cadmium release limitation require), also have the aspect demands such as outward appearance, water absorption rate, whiteness, thermal shock resistance. The domestic ceramics of unlike material has respective feature, and such as Bone China good transmittance, presentation quality is higher, but is also individually present relative weakness.
Pottery, particularly porcelain product, hardness is higher, but is not equal to intensity height. High-strength ceramic is mainly reflected in impact strength height, and product, in use procedure impact resistant, can resist external impulsive force, makes product be not easy to crush, and product extends service life. Domestic ceramics quality is had higher requirement by modern consumer, especially with in restaurant, entering the tableware that dish-washing machine uses, with greater need for higher intensity.
Improve the aluminum content in porcelain, it is possible to increase the intensity of product. And when aluminum content height to a certain extent time, formed product and burn till the many obstacles of appearance, product there will be serious defective or complete batch and scraps. How improving the intensity of domestic ceramics, work out applicable composition of raw materials, adopt new material the production technology of supporting adaptation, make production have probability and economy, this is the technical task studied in domestic ceramics industry.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems referred to above, the preparation method that the invention provides a kind of middle temperature high alumina high intensity domestic ceramics.
The preparation method of the middle temperature high alumina high intensity domestic ceramics of the present invention, it is characterised in that comprise the following production steps that
1, Slug preparing
Take corundum 29-33%, potash feldspar 27-31%, Kaolin 28-32%, ball clay 4-5%, Talcum 2-3%, zinc oxide 1-2%, zirconium oxide 3-5% by weight percentage as the raw material of blank;
Above-mentioned corundum is to become, through grinding and processing, the granule powder that fineness is 3-4 micron;
Adding clear water after being mixed by above-mentioned raw materials and carry out wet ball grinding, through ball milling raw material by magnetic separator de-ironing deironing, after deironing, raw material becomes clod by pressure filter filter pressing, and by pug mill, clod is carried out pugging, prepares the blank that quality moisture content is 19-21% standby;
The special role of materials application in above-mentioned blank formulation:
A. corundum: be a kind of natural aluminium oxide, be currently known, be only second to the hardest mineral of diamond, be often made into abrasive material. Take the corundum of its certain fineness, after in formula, associated materials mixes, under the specific calcining system effect of the present invention, make ceramic product carcass produces specific and uniform crystal structure, improve intensity and the toughness of ceramic matrix, remove the stress within carcass, improve compressive stress and the impact strength of carcass.
B. zirconium oxide and zinc oxide: add zirconium oxide and zinc oxide, combine with corundum material, can improve thermal shock resistance and the toughness of ceramic matrix, reduces the change in volume of product sintering process, reduces the cracking of product;
C. ball clay: add ball clay, can improve blank plasticity, improves the intensity of forming ceramic base substrate.
D. the consumption of quartz is reduced: the three of tradition domestic ceramics are in formula, and quartz is one of main material. The present invention adopts corundum, is added without quartz, reduces the quartz content in blank, it is therefore an objective to guarantee be formed in ceramic matrix specific and uniform crystal structure.
2, prepared by glaze
Take by weight percentage potash feldspar 28-32%, quartz 28-30%, Talcum 12-15%, Kaolin 8-10%, Stalactitum 8-10%, zinc oxide 7-9%, corundum 4-6% as glaze raw material mix;
Described corundum refers to becomes, through grinding and processing, the granule powder that fineness is 3-4 micron;
After the raw material of above-mentioned glaze is mixed, by weight 1: 2: 1, raw material, ballstone, water is mixed, carry out ball milling 18-20 hour; Go out ball material after magnetic separator de-ironing deironing, cross 325 mesh sieves, make finished product glaze standby;
The special role of materials application in above-mentioned glaze formula:
A., glaze adds appropriate corundum, hardness and the flatness of glaze layer can be improved;
B. add Talcum and zinc oxide, improve zinc and content of magnesium, reduce the coefficient of expansion of enamel, improve the heat stability of product.
3, production
A. molding
Take above-mentioned standby blank, adopt hot roller head machine to carry out the hot roll forming of domestic ceramic product base substrate, through domestic ceramic product base substrate natural drying 8-10 hour of molding;
Described hot roller head machine is on the basis of conventional roller head machine, installs metal male model and plaster master. Being provided with pipeline in metal male model, pipe ends connects the liquid heater outside metal male model. After liquid (such as mineral oil) is heated by liquid heater, adopt liquid pump that liquid pumps into piping loop flowing, liquid heat is passed to metal male model, makes the temperature of metal male model reach 70-80 DEG C.
The Main Function of hot roll forming is the regularity of material density and the product improving ceramic product base substrate. The metal male model of heat rolling at work, during metal male model contact blank, due to the effect of heat, makes gold mould male model surface produce hot water mould, makes slime product in roll forming be prone to molding, not easy to crack. Adopting hot flow forming process, make product qualification rate in forming process of the present invention improve, the regularity of product is secure.
B. repaired biscuit
Adopt the conventional repaired biscuit technique of household porcelain production, product billet surface is repaired;
C. glazing
Adopt the conventional glazing process of household porcelain production, adopt above-mentioned standby glaze that the product base substrate after repaired biscuit is carried out glazing, through glazing product base substrate natural drying 8-10 hour;
D. burn till
Adopting conventional ceramic kiln that the product base substrate after glazing is burnt till, total firing time is 12-14 hour, and firing temperature is up to 1280-1282 DEG C; Simultaneously in sintering process, should keep 1.5-2 hour 1270-1280 DEG C of stage, make the crystal development in product carcass complete, be evenly distributed, form good crystal structure; Make middle temperature high alumina high intensity domestic ceramic product.
The domestic ceramic product qualification rate that the present invention prepares is high, and product appearance is regular, and glaze paint is smooth; Thermal shock resistance test reaches heat exchange in 20 DEG C of water of 200 DEG C of inputs and does not once split; Glaze paint vickers microhardness is higher than 6.0GPa; Impact strength is higher than 1.5J/cm2��
Detailed description of the invention
By the following examples and comparative example the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment:
1, Slug preparing
Take corundum 30%, potash feldspar 29%, Kaolin 30%, ball clay 5%, Talcum 2%, zinc oxide 1%, zirconium oxide 3% by weight percentage as the raw material of blank;
Above-mentioned corundum is to become, through grinding and processing, the granule powder that fineness is 4 microns;
Adding clear water after being mixed by above-mentioned raw materials and carry out wet ball grinding, through ball milling raw material by magnetic separator de-ironing deironing, after deironing, raw material becomes clod by pressure filter filter pressing, and by pug mill, clod is carried out pugging, prepares the blank that quality moisture content is 20% standby;
2, prepared by glaze
Take by weight percentage potash feldspar 30%, quartz 28%, Talcum 13%, Kaolin 8%, Stalactitum 8%, zinc oxide 8%, corundum 5% as glaze raw material mix;
Described corundum refers to becomes, through grinding and processing, the granule powder that fineness is 4 microns;
After the raw material of above-mentioned glaze is mixed, by weight 1: 2: 1, raw material, ballstone, water is mixed, carry out ball milling 20 hours; Go out ball material after magnetic separator de-ironing deironing, cross 325 mesh sieves, make finished product glaze standby;
3, production
A. molding
Take above-mentioned standby blank, adopt hot roller head machine to carry out the hot roll forming of domestic ceramic product base substrate, through the domestic ceramic product base substrate natural drying 10 hours of molding;
B. repaired biscuit
Adopt the conventional repaired biscuit technique of household porcelain production, product billet surface is repaired;
C. glazing
Adopt the conventional glazing process of household porcelain production, adopt above-mentioned standby glaze that the product base substrate after repaired biscuit is carried out glazing, through glazing product base substrate natural drying 10 hours;
D. burn till
Adopting conventional ceramic kiln that the product base substrate after glazing is burnt till, total firing time is 14 hours, and firing temperature is up to 1282 DEG C; Simultaneously in sintering process, keep 2 hours 1270-1280 DEG C of stage, make middle temperature high alumina high intensity domestic ceramic product.
The domestic ceramic product qualification rate that the present embodiment prepares is high, and product appearance is regular, and glaze paint is smooth; Thermal shock resistance test reaches heat exchange in 20 DEG C of water of 200 DEG C of inputs and does not once split; Glaze paint vickers microhardness is higher than 6.0GPa; Impact strength is higher than 1.5J/cm2��
Comparative example 1: with embodiment the difference is that, in blank, corundum addition is reduced to 10%, and the ceramic product intensity difference made, impact strength is lower than 1.3J/cm2��
Comparative example 2: with embodiment the difference is that, blank is added without zirconium oxide and zinc oxide, the product thermal shock resistance made is poor, has 50% cracking in product.
Comparative example 3: with embodiment the difference is that, formed product adopts conventional roll forming, not adopting hot roll forming, the sun-dried mud brick product made all ftractures.
Comparative example 4: with embodiment the difference is that, in product sintering process, 1270 DEG C-1280 DEG C stages only keep 30 minutes, and the crystal development in product carcass is imperfect, and product strength is poor.
Comparative example 5: with embodiment the difference is that, in product sintering process, 1270 DEG C-1280 DEG C stages keep 3 hours, and in product carcass, crystal specification is too big, and crystal structure is undesirable, and product strength is poor.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of temperature high alumina high intensity domestic ceramics in, it is characterised in that comprise the following production steps that
(1), Slug preparing
Take corundum 29-33%, potash feldspar 27-31%, Kaolin 28-32%, ball clay 4-5%, Talcum 2-3%, zinc oxide 1-2%, zirconium oxide 3-5% by weight percentage as the raw material of blank;
Above-mentioned corundum is to become, through grinding and processing, the granule powder that fineness is 3-4 micron;
Adding clear water after being mixed by above-mentioned raw materials and carry out wet ball grinding, through ball milling raw material by magnetic separator de-ironing deironing, after deironing, raw material becomes clod by pressure filter filter pressing, and by pug mill, clod is carried out pugging, prepares the blank that quality moisture content is 19-21% standby;
(2), prepared by glaze
Take by weight percentage potash feldspar 28-32%, quartz 28-30%, Talcum 12-15%, Kaolin 8-10%, Stalactitum 8-10%, zinc oxide 7-9%, corundum 4-6% as glaze raw material mix;
Described corundum refers to becomes, through grinding and processing, the granule powder that fineness is 3-4 micron;
After the raw material of above-mentioned glaze is mixed, by weight 1: 2: 1, raw material, ballstone, water is mixed, carry out ball milling 18-20 hour; Go out ball material after magnetic separator de-ironing deironing, cross 325 mesh sieves, make finished product glaze standby;
(3), production
A. molding
Take above-mentioned standby blank, adopt hot roller head machine to carry out the hot roll forming of domestic ceramic product base substrate, through domestic ceramic product base substrate natural drying 8-10 hour of molding;
B. repaired biscuit
Adopt the conventional repaired biscuit technique of household porcelain production, product billet surface is repaired;
C. glazing
Adopt the conventional glazing process of household porcelain production, adopt above-mentioned standby glaze that the product base substrate after repaired biscuit is carried out glazing, through glazing product base substrate natural drying 8-10 hour;
D. burn till
Adopting conventional ceramic kiln that the product base substrate after glazing is burnt till, total firing time is 12-14 hour, and firing temperature is up to 1280-1282 DEG C; Simultaneously in sintering process, should keep 1.5-2 hour 1270-1280 DEG C of stage, make middle temperature high alumina high intensity domestic ceramic product.
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| CN105645925B (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2018-02-13 | 潮州市潮安区凤塘雅诚德陶瓷制作厂 | A kind of preparation method of the ceramic cooking with high-heat resistance shock resistant |
| CN106565089A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-04-19 | 广州凯耀资产管理有限公司 | Ceramic glaze and preparation method of same |
| CN107573097A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-12 | 禹州市大龙山钧瓷文化有限公司 | A kind of high intensity pottery base substrate |
| CN108530063A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-14 | 李振华 | High-strength ceramic spectacle frame and preparation method thereof |
| CN109133954B (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2021-10-26 | 福建省德化龙辉陶瓷有限公司 | High-toughness refractory domestic ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN110981414B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2022-06-24 | 汕头市天际电器实业有限公司 | Manufacturing process of ceramic cup |
| CN112340994B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-12-09 | 清远市简一陶瓷有限公司 | Wear-resistant antifouling frit, preparation method thereof, glaze and marble tile |
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| CN1049839A (en) * | 1989-08-26 | 1991-03-13 | 胡湧波 | High-alumina high-strength household porcelain and production method thereof |
| CN1061956C (en) * | 1997-11-04 | 2001-02-14 | 胡勇波 | Zirconium magnesium tempering porcelain |
| CN100364920C (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2008-01-30 | 张民 | Quick fired fine ceramics made in open flame roller hearth kiln and technical method |
| CN101700972A (en) * | 2009-11-28 | 2010-05-05 | 江门市凌志餐厨用品有限公司 | High-strength corundum ceramics and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20160426 Address after: 521000 A18 District, two industrial park, Chaozhou Economic Development Experimental Area, Guangdong Applicant after: CHAOZHOU LIANJUN CERAMIC CO., LTD Address before: 521000 Guangdong Jun Sheng Ceramic Co., Ltd., Guangdong, Chaozhou Province, two industrial zone, North West Road Applicant before: Zeng Wenguang |
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