CN110981414B - Manufacturing process of ceramic cup - Google Patents
Manufacturing process of ceramic cup Download PDFInfo
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- CN110981414B CN110981414B CN201911346052.3A CN201911346052A CN110981414B CN 110981414 B CN110981414 B CN 110981414B CN 201911346052 A CN201911346052 A CN 201911346052A CN 110981414 B CN110981414 B CN 110981414B
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
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- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
Abstract
A manufacturing process of a ceramic cup comprises the following steps: (1) the preparation method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25% of kaolin and SiO210‑15%，Na2O 6‑10%，K2O8‑15%，Al2O325‑40%，CaCO315 to 20 percent; (2) mixing Kaolin and SiO2、Na2O、K2O、Al2O3And CaCO3Mixing, adding water, and grinding into slurry; then adding the slurry into a filter press for filter pressing for 15-25 days to obtain a filter cake; then putting the filter cake into a vacuum machine, and pumping out air in the filter cake to obtain blank mud; (3) forming by using the blank mud according to the shape and size requirements of the product to manufacture a ceramic cup green body; (4) and sintering the ceramic cup green body to obtain the ceramic cup. The ceramic cup is manufactured by adopting proper raw materials and processes, the requirements of the thermal stability and the thickness of the cup wall can be considered, and the manufactured ceramic cup has higher thermal stability under the condition of smaller thickness of the cup wall.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic product manufacturing, in particular to a manufacturing process of a ceramic cup.
Background
Thermal stability refers to the heat resistance of an object, the deformation ability of an object under the influence of temperature, and the smaller the deformation, the higher the thermal stability. When the ceramic cup is used for containing hot water, because the inner layer and the outer layer of the ceramic are heated unevenly, the inner side and the outer side of the ceramic cup have larger temperature difference, so that stress is generated inside the ceramic cup, if the thermal stability of the ceramic cup is lower, the mechanical strength of the ceramic cup is reduced, even the ceramic cup is cracked, and the service life is shortened.
Under the condition that the material of the ceramic cup is not changed, the method of increasing the thickness of the cup wall is generally adopted to improve the thermal stability of the ceramic cup, however, the consumption of the ceramic material is increased, the manufacturing cost is increased, and the cup is too thick and heavy and is inconvenient to use.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a manufacturing process of a ceramic cup, the ceramic cup manufactured by the process can meet the requirements of thermal stability and cup wall thickness, and the manufactured ceramic cup can have higher thermal stability under the condition of smaller cup wall thickness. The technical scheme is as follows:
the manufacturing process of the ceramic cup is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials
The preparation method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25% of kaolin and SiO2 10-15%，Na2O 6-10%，K2O 8-15%，Al2O3 25-40%，CaCO3 15-20%；
(2) Preparing ceramic material
Mixing Kaolin and SiO2、Na2O 、K2O 、Al2O3And CaCO3Mixing, adding water, and grinding into slurry (grinding time is about 8 hours); then adding the slurry into a filter press for filter pressing for 15-25 days to obtain a filter cake; then putting the filter cake into a vacuum machine, and pumping out air in the filter cake to obtain blank mud;
(3) shaping of
Forming by using the blank mud according to the shape and size requirements of the product to manufacture a ceramic cup green body;
(4) firing
And sintering the ceramic cup green body to obtain the ceramic cup.
Preferably, in the step (1), the prepared raw materials are in the following proportions: 20% of kaolin and SiO2 15%，Na2O 10%，K2O 10%， Al2O3 30%，CaCO3 15%。
The invention adopts a raw material combination with a proper formula, wherein Al is2O3 、CaCO3 The ceramic cup has the function of improving the thermal stability of the ceramic material, and can improve the thermal stability of the ceramic cup. For example, in the case of a ceramic cup with a wall thickness of 2.5mm, the thermal stability of the ceramic cup of the present invention can reach 200 ℃, while the thermal stability of the existing ceramic cup with the same wall thickness is about 100 ℃. If the existing ceramic cup needs to beWhen the thermal stability reaches 200 ℃, a larger cup body wall thickness is needed, and compared with the ceramic cup, the ceramic cup has the advantage of thinner cup body wall thickness.
In the step (2), the slurry is added into a filter press for filter pressing, so that the water contained in the slurry can be gradually removed to obtain a filter cake; the vacuum machine is used for pumping out air in the filter cake, so that the obtained blank mud has more uniform tissue and better plasticity, adhesiveness and density. For convenience of use, the blank paste can be cut into strips.
In the preferred embodiment, the sintering in step (4) is performed in two stages, first sintering at 900 ℃ of 700 ℃ to 7 hours, and then sintering at 1400 ℃ of 1200 ℃ to 12 hours. More preferably, the sintering in step (4) is carried out in two stages, first at 800 ℃ for 5 hours and then at 1280 ℃ for 12 hours. Sintering is carried out in two stages, so that the ceramic cup green body can be better shaped and solidified.
In a preferred scheme, only the upper end of the handle of the ceramic cup is connected with the cup body of the ceramic cup (namely the connection mode of the handle and the cup body is a single-point connection mode), and correspondingly, only the upper end of the handle in the ceramic cup green body is connected with the cup body of the ceramic cup green body; and (4) after the ceramic cup green body is manufactured in the step (3), placing the ceramic cup green body on a tray, supporting and fixing a handle of the ceramic cup green body by using the tray, and then firing in the step (4). The handle of the ceramic cup is only connected with the cup body of the ceramic cup at the upper end (namely the connection mode of the handle and the cup body is a single-point connection mode), so that a user can put fingers into a gap between the handle and the cup body to take the ceramic cup conveniently. The handle of the ceramic cup green body is supported and fixed by the tray, so that the handle is prevented from being suspended and falling to cause deformation in the firing process, and waste and defective products are reduced.
In a more preferable scheme, a handle supporting block is arranged on the upper surface of the tray; when the ceramic cup green body is placed on the tray, the cup body of the ceramic cup green body is placed on the upper surface of the tray, and the lower end of the handle of the ceramic cup green body is in contact with the handle support block. The handle supporting block supports the handle, so that the handle can be prevented from being suspended.
In another more preferable scheme, a cup body containing groove and a handle containing groove are arranged on the upper surface of the tray; when the ceramic cup green body is placed on the tray, the cup body of the ceramic cup green body is positioned in the cup body containing groove and is contacted with the bottom of the cup body containing groove, and the lower end of the handle of the ceramic cup green body is positioned in the handle containing groove and is contacted with the bottom of the handle containing groove. The cup body and the handle are supported and limited by the cup body containing groove and the handle containing groove respectively, so that the cup body and the handle can be better prevented from being dislocated, and the handle is prevented from being suspended.
The ceramic cup is made of proper raw materials and by adopting a proper process, so that the requirements on the thermal stability and the thickness of the cup wall can be met, and the made ceramic cup has higher thermal stability under the condition of smaller thickness of the cup wall.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the positioning of a green ceramic cup during sintering according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the positioning of a green ceramic cup during sintering according to the preferred embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In this embodiment, the manufacturing process of the ceramic cup includes the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials
Preparing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20% of kaolin and SiO2 15%，Na2O 10%，K2O 10%， Al2O3 30%，CaCO3 15%；
(2) Preparing ceramic material
Mixing Kaolin and SiO2、Na2O 、K2O 、Al2O3And CaCO3Mixing, adding water, and grinding into slurry (grinding time is about 8 hours); then adding the slurry into a filter press for filter pressing for 15 days to obtain a filter cake; then putting the filter cake into a vacuum machine, and pumping out air in the filter cake to obtain blank mud;
(3) shaping of
Forming by using the blank mud according to the shape and size requirements of the product to manufacture a ceramic cup green body;
(4) firing
And sintering the ceramic cup green body (the sintering is carried out in two stages, namely, the sintering is carried out at 800 ℃ for 5 hours and then at 1280 ℃ for 12 hours), so as to obtain the ceramic cup.
In the embodiment, only the upper end of the handle of the ceramic cup to be manufactured is connected with the cup body of the ceramic cup (namely, the connection mode of the handle and the cup body is a single-point connection mode), and correspondingly, only the upper end of the handle 3 in the ceramic cup green body is connected with the cup body 2 of the ceramic cup green body; and (4) after the ceramic cup green body is manufactured in the step (3), placing the ceramic cup green body on a tray, supporting and fixing a handle of the ceramic cup green body by using the tray, and then firing in the step (4). Referring to fig. 1, a handle support block 11 is provided on the upper surface of the tray 1; when the ceramic cup green body is placed on the tray 1, the cup body 2 of the ceramic cup green body is placed on the upper surface of the tray 1, and the lower end of the handle 3 of the ceramic cup green body is in contact with the handle support block 11.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the manufacturing process of the ceramic cup includes the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials
Preparing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: kaolin 25%, SiO2 10%，Na2O 6%，K2O 12%，Al2O327%，CaCO3 20%；
(2) Preparing ceramic material
Mixing Kaolin and SiO2、Na2O 、K2O 、Al2O3And CaCO3Mixing, adding water, and grinding into slurry (grinding time is about 8 hours); then adding the slurry into a filter press for filter pressing for 25 days to obtain a filter cake; then putting the filter cake into a vacuum machine, and pumping out air in the filter cake to obtain blank mud;
(3) shaping of
Forming by using the blank mud according to the shape and size requirements of the product to manufacture a ceramic cup green body;
(4) firing
And sintering the ceramic cup green body (the sintering is carried out in two stages, namely, the sintering is firstly carried out at 900 ℃ for 5 hours and then at 1400 ℃ for 10 hours), and the ceramic cup is prepared.
In the embodiment, only the upper end of the handle of the ceramic cup to be manufactured is connected with the cup body of the ceramic cup (namely, the connection mode of the handle and the cup body is a single-point connection mode), and correspondingly, only the upper end of the handle 3 in the ceramic cup green body is connected with the cup body 2 of the ceramic cup green body; and (4) after the ceramic cup green body is manufactured in the step (3), placing the ceramic cup green body on a tray, supporting and fixing a handle of the ceramic cup green body by using the tray, and then firing in the step (4). Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, a cup receiving groove 12 and a handle receiving groove 13 are formed on the upper surface of the tray 1; when the ceramic cup green body is placed on the tray 1, the cup body 2 of the ceramic cup green body is positioned in the cup body containing groove 12 and is contacted with the bottom of the cup body containing groove 12, and the lower end of the handle 3 of the ceramic cup green body is positioned in the handle containing groove 13 and is contacted with the bottom of the handle containing groove 13.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the manufacturing process of the ceramic cup includes the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials
The preparation method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: kaolin 22%, SiO 2 12%，Na2O 8%，K2O 8%，Al2O334%，CaCO3 16%；
(2) Preparing ceramic material
Kaolin and SiO2、Na2O 、K2O 、Al2O3And CaCO3Mixing, adding water, and grinding into slurry (grinding time is about 8 hours); then adding the slurry into a filter press for filter pressing for 20 days to obtain a filter cake; then putting the filter cake into a vacuum machine, and pumping out air in the filter cake to obtain blank mud;
(3) shaping of
Forming by using the blank mud according to the shape and size requirements of the product to manufacture a ceramic cup green body;
(4) firing
And sintering the ceramic cup green body (the sintering is carried out in two stages, namely, the sintering is carried out at 700 ℃ for 7 hours and then at 1200 ℃ for 12 hours), so as to obtain the ceramic cup.
In this embodiment, only the upper end of the handle of the ceramic cup to be manufactured is connected with the cup body of the ceramic cup (i.e. the connection mode of the handle and the cup body is a single-point connection mode), and correspondingly, only the upper end of the handle in the ceramic cup green body is connected with the cup body of the ceramic cup green body; and (4) after the ceramic cup green body is manufactured in the step (3), placing the ceramic cup green body on a tray, supporting and fixing a handle of the ceramic cup green body by using the tray, and then firing in the step (4). The structure and the using method of the tray used in the embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Claims (6)
1. The manufacturing process of the ceramic cup is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials
The preparation method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25% of kaolin and SiO2 10-15%，Na2O 6-10%，K2O 8-15%，Al2O3 25-40%，CaCO3 15-20%；
(2) Preparing ceramic material
Mixing Kaolin and SiO2 、Na2O 、K2O 、Al2O3And CaCO3Mixing, adding water, and grinding into slurry; then adding the slurry into a filter press for filter pressing for 15-25 days to obtain a filter cake; then putting the filter cake into a vacuum machine, and pumping out air in the filter cake to obtain blank mud;
(3) shaping of
Forming by using the blank mud according to the shape and size requirements of the product to manufacture a ceramic cup green body;
(4) firing
Sintering the ceramic cup green body in two stages, firstly sintering at 900 ℃ of 700-1400 ℃ for 5-7 hours, and then sintering at 1200-1400 ℃ for 10-12 hours to obtain the ceramic cup.
2. The process for manufacturing a ceramic cup according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the prepared raw materials are in the following proportion: 20% of kaolin and SiO2 15%，Na2O 10%，K2O 10%， Al2O3 30%，CaCO3 15%。
3. A process for making a ceramic cup according to claim 1, wherein: the sintering in step (4) is carried out in two stages, first firing at 800 ℃ for 5 hours, then firing at 1280 ℃ for 12 hours.
4. A process for making a ceramic cup according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: only the upper end of the handle of the ceramic cup is connected with the cup body of the ceramic cup, and correspondingly, only the upper end of the handle in the ceramic cup green body is connected with the cup body of the ceramic cup green body; and (4) after the ceramic cup green body is manufactured in the step (3), placing the ceramic cup green body on a tray, supporting and fixing a handle of the ceramic cup green body by using the tray, and then firing in the step (4).
5. A process for making a ceramic cup according to claim 4, wherein: a handle supporting block is arranged on the upper surface of the tray; when the ceramic cup green body is placed on the tray, the cup body of the ceramic cup green body is placed on the upper surface of the tray, and the lower end of the handle of the ceramic cup green body is in contact with the handle support block.
6. The process for manufacturing a ceramic cup according to claim 4, wherein: a cup body containing groove and a handle containing groove are formed in the upper surface of the tray; when the ceramic cup green body is placed on the tray, the cup body of the ceramic cup green body is positioned in the cup body containing groove and is contacted with the bottom of the cup body containing groove, and the lower end of the handle of the ceramic cup green body is positioned in the handle containing groove and is contacted with the bottom of the handle containing groove.
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| 高石英质瓷耐热冲击性的研究;张方训 等;《景德镇陶瓷》;19831001;第15-25页 * |
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