CN104306689B - 治疗痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死的中药组合物 - Google Patents

治疗痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死的中药组合物 Download PDF

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CN104306689B
CN104306689B CN201410596173.4A CN201410596173A CN104306689B CN 104306689 B CN104306689 B CN 104306689B CN 201410596173 A CN201410596173 A CN 201410596173A CN 104306689 B CN104306689 B CN 104306689B
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纪德峰
金洪键
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死的中药组合物,其特征是由下列重量配比的药材制成:八股绳8份、厚叶沿阶草20份、篦子草15份、两面针10份、云南五味子根15份、断节参10份、横经席15份、黄花倒水莲15份、血风藤15份、五蕊寄生12份、鹿角胶4份、巴戟天10份、半边菜12份、滨旋花12份、路路通15份、赶黄草20份、法半夏15份、化橘红12份、白云瓜8份、矮地茶12份、土鳖虫10份、甘草6份。本发明的中药组合物,用于治疗股骨头坏死,有效率高,疗效可靠,愈后不再复发。

Description

治疗痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死的中药组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药,特别是一种用于治疗痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死的中药组合物。
背景技术
中医称股骨头坏死为“骨蚀”。引起股骨头坏死原因主要有以下几点:①、外伤所致。由外力作用于髋关节局部,轻者皮肉受损,严重者出现骨断筋伤,使经络、筋脉受损气滞血瘀,气血不能蓄养筋骨而出现髀枢痹,骨萎。②、六淫侵袭。六淫中以风寒、湿邪最易侵袭人体、风寒邪侵袭人体经络、气血不通,出现气滞血瘀筋骨失于温煦、筋脉挛缩,屈伸不利,久之出现股骨头坏死。③、邪毒外袭。外来邪毒侵袭人体,如应用大量激素,辐射病减压病等,经络受阻,气血运行紊乱,不能正常养筋骨,出现骨萎,骨痹。④、先天不足。先天之本在于肾,肾主骨生髓先天不足,肝肾亏损,股骨头骨骺发育不良或髋臼发育不良,髓关节先天脱位,均可导致股骨头坏死。⑤、七情所伤。七情为喜努忧、恩悲恐、惊,七情大过情志郁结,脏腑功能失调,导致气机失降,出入失调久之肝肾亏损,不利筋骨,使筋弛骨软。当病变发生后,骨与软骨挫裂伤,气血不通畅,经脉瘀阻,血行障碍,肢体失去营养,再生和修复能力减退,因而产生本病。其主要症状,从间断性疼痛逐渐发展到持续性疼痛,再由疼痛引发肌肉痉挛、关节活动受到限制,最后造成严重致残而跛行。该疾病发生原因为既有外因也有内因,且内因外因相互作用,使人体阴阳失去平衡,气血的失恒而生疾,亦称"髀枢痹"、"骨痹"、"骨萎"。目前治疗股骨头坏死的方法,概括起来主要有以下几种:保守治疗、手术治疗、靶位体液论治、中医治疗、动脉灌注疗法、物理疗法(如高频振荡波、电磁场理疗(脉冲电磁场)以及高压氧治疗。)、人工股骨头置换术。这些治疗方法,各有千秋,但中医治疗股骨头坏死是安全可靠的治疗方式。中医根据不同原因引起的股骨头坏死以及疾病进展的不同时期,结合临床实际进行辨证治疗,将本病分为:气滞血瘀型、风寒湿痹型、痰湿阻络型及肝肾不足,气血虚弱型。目前,治疗股骨头坏死的中药有多种,但针对于痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死的中成药尚无报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的旨在提供一种治疗痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死的中药组合物,通过选择合适的药材及其配比,达到安全有效治愈痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死的目的。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:一种治疗痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死的中药组合物,其特征是由下列重量配比的药材制成:
八股绳8份、厚叶沿阶草20份、篦子草15份、两面针10份、云南五味子根15份、断节参10份、横经席15份、黄花倒水莲15份、血风藤15份、五蕊寄生12份、鹿角胶4份、巴戟天10份、  半边菜12份、滨旋花12份、路路通15份、赶黄草20份、法半夏15份、化橘红12份、白云瓜8份、矮地茶12份、土鳖虫10份、甘草6份。
配方中所涉及到的药材的来源及功能主治如下:
八股绳【来源】 药材基源:为石杉科植物有柄马尾衫的全草。【功能主治】活血通络;利湿消肿。主跌打损伤;腰痛;水肿。
厚叶沿阶草【来源】百合科厚叶沿阶草ophiopogon jaburan (kunth) lodd.,以根入药。【性味】微辛,微温。【功能主治】活血通络,祛风除湿。主治风湿痹痛,瘫痪,小儿麻痹后遗症,肥大性脊椎炎。
篦子草【来源】 药材基源:为金星蕨科植物毛蕨的全草。【性味】苦;平。【功能主治】祛风除湿;舒筋活络。主风湿关节疼痛;肢体麻木;瘫痪。
两面针【来源】本品为芸香科植物两面针zanthoxylum nitidum (roxb.)dc. 的干燥根。【性味】苦、辛,平;有小毒。【归经】归肝、胃经。【功能主治】行气止痛,活血化瘀,祛风通络。用于气滞血瘀引起的跌打损伤、风湿痹痛、胃痛、牙痛,毒蛇咬伤;外治汤火烫伤。
云南五味子根【来源】药材基源:为五味子科植物云南五味子的根和茎。【性味】辛;性温。【功能主治】理气健脾;活血调经。主治脘腹胀痛;消化不良;痛经;月经不调;风湿痹痛;跌打扭伤。
断节参【来源】药材基源:为双子叶植物药萝藦科植物昆明杯冠藤的根。【性味】甘;微苦;温。【归经】肝;肾经。【功能主治】补肝肾;强筋骨。主治肾虚腰痛;足膝无力;跌打损任;骨折;狂犬咬伤。
横经席【来源】药材基源:为藤黄科植物薄叶红厚壳的根。【性味】微苦;平。【归经】肝;肾经。【功能主治】祛风湿,强筋骨;活血止痛。主治风湿痹证;肾虚腰痛;月经不调;痛经;跌打损伤。
黄花倒水莲【来源】为远志科植物黄花倒水莲的根或全株。【性味】甘;微苦;性平。【归经】肝;肾;脾经。【功能主治】补虚健脾;散瘀通络。主劳倦乏力;子宫脱垂;小儿疳积;脾虚水肿;带下清稀;风湿痹痛;腰痛;月经不调;痛经;跌打损伤
血风藤【来源】为鼠李科植物翼核果的根、茎。【性味】甘,温。【功能主治】补益气血,祛风活络。治气血亏损,风湿疼痛,跌打损伤。
五蕊寄生【来源】药材基源:为桑寄生科植物五蕊寄生的带叶茎枝。【性味】苦;甘;性平。【归经】肝;肾;脾经。【功能主治】祛风湿;补肝肾;止泻痢。主风湿痹痛;腰痛;脚膝酸软;腹泻;痢疾
鹿角胶【来源】为鹿科动物梅花鹿或马鹿的角煎熬而成的胶块。【性味】甘咸,温。【归经】入肝、肾经。【功能主治】补血,益精。治肾气不足,虚劳羸瘦,腰痛,阴疽,男子阳痿、滑精,妇女子宫虚冷,崩漏,带下。
巴戟天【来源】为茜草科植物巴戟天的根。【性味】辛甘,温。【归经】入肝、肾经。【功能主治】补肾阳,壮筋骨,祛风湿。治阳痿,少腹冷痛,小便不禁,子宫虚冷,风寒湿痹,腰膝酸痛。
半边菜【来源】药材基源:为十字花科植物华中碎米荠的根状茎。【性味】微苦;辛;平【功能主治】止咳化痰;活血消肿。主百日咳;慢性支气管炎;跌打损伤。9-15g
滨旋花【来源】旋花科打碗花属植物肾叶打碗花Calystegia soldanella (L.)R. Brown,以全草及根状茎入药。【性味】微苦,温。【功能主治】祛风利湿,化痰止咳。用于咳嗽,肾炎水肿,风湿关节疼痛。
路路通【来源】为金缕梅科植物枫香的果实。【性味】苦,平。【性味】苦,平。【功能主治】祛风通络,利水除湿。治肢体痹痛,手足拘挛,胃痛,水肿,胀满,经闭,乳少,痈疽,痔漏,疥癣,湿疹。
赶黄草【来源】景天科扯根菜属植物赶黄草Penthorum chinense Pursh,以全草入药。【性味】甘,温。【功能主治】利水除湿,祛瘀止痛。用于黄疸,水肿;外用治跌打损伤。
法半夏【来源】为天南星科植物半夏(Pinellia ternata(Thunb) Breit.)的块茎。炮制:一般用生姜、明矾炮制后使用,称为法半夏。【性味归经】辛、温。归脾、胃、肺经。【功能主治】燥湿化痰。用于痰多咳喘,痰饮眩悸,风痰眩晕,痰厥头痛。
化橘红【来源】本品为芸香科植物化州柚Citrus grandis Tomentosa或柚Citrus grandis (L.)Osbeck的未成熟或近成熟的干燥外层果皮。【性味】辛、苦,温。【归经】归肺、脾经。【功能主治】散寒,燥湿,利气,消痰。用于风寒咳嗽,喉痒痰多,食积伤酒,呕恶痞闷。
白云瓜【来源】药材基源:为旋花科植物蓝花土瓜的块根。【性味】甘;微辛;平。【功能主治】化痰通络。主中风不语;痰涎壅塞;半身不遂。
矮地茶【来源】为紫金牛科植物紫金牛Ardisia japonica (Hornst.) B1.的全株。夏、秋季茎、叶茂盛时采挖,除去泥沙,干燥。【性味】性平,味辛、微苦。【功能主治】化痰止咳,利湿,活血。用于咳嗽、痰中带血、慢性支气管炎、湿热黄疸、跌扑损伤。
土鳖虫【来源】本品为鳖蠊科昆虫地鳖Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker 或冀地鳖Steleophaga plancyi(Boleny)的雌虫干燥体。【性味】咸,寒;有小毒。【归经】归肝经。【功能主治】破瘀血,续筋骨。用于筋骨折伤,瘀血经闭,症瘕痞块。
甘草【来源】本品为豆科植物甘草 Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.、胀果甘草 Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. 或光果甘草 Glycyrrhiza glabra L. 的干燥根。【性味】甘,平。【归经】归心、肺、脾、胃经 。【功能主治】补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药。用于脾胃虚弱,倦怠乏力,心悸气短,咳嗽痰多,脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛,痈肿疮毒,缓解药物毒性、烈性。
在中医辨证治疗的过程中,我们通常结合辅助设备,再进一步做一个X光片或CT、MRI的检查,进一步确定患者的病程,依据X光片或CT、MRI的检查,我们将股骨头坏死分为五期:
Ⅰ期(前放射线期)此期约有50%的患者可出现轻微髋痛,负重时加重。查体:髋关节活动受限,以内旋活动受限最早出现,强力内旋时髋关节疼痛加重。X线显示:可为阴性,也可见散在性骨质疏松或骨小梁界限模糊。
Ⅱ期(坏死形成,头变扁前期)临床症状明显,且较I期加重。X光片显示:股骨 头广泛骨质疏松,散在性硬化或囊性变,骨小梁紊乱、中断,部分坏死区,关节间隙正常。
Ⅲ期(移行期)临床症状继续加重。X光片显示:股骨头轻度变扁,塌陷在2mm以内,关节间隙轻度变窄。
Ⅳ期(塌陷期)临床症状较重。下肢功能明显受限,疼痛多缓解或消失,患肢肌肉萎缩。X光片显示:股骨头外轮廓和骨小梁紊乱、中断,有半月征,塌陷大于2mm,有死骨形成,头变扁,关节间隙变窄。
Ⅴ期(骨关节炎期)临床症状类似骨性关节炎表现,疼痛明显,关节活动范围严重受限。X光片显示:股骨头塌陷,边缘增生,关节间隙融合或消失,髋关节半脱位。正确的诊断和分期,对决定治疗方法和治疗效果有密切的关系。早期发现或怀疑有骨坏死,可继续做磁共振(MRI)或CT扫描。但以上两种检查费用较高,故一般建议患者拍骨盆正位X线片即可,或加拍双侧髓部X线片,屈髋至90°外展位髋关节片。
痰浊湿邪互相博结,凝于臀部、髋部、腿部等处,痹阻了臀部、髋部、腿部的经络,使之气血闭阻不畅,出现瘀血、缺血、水肿等血循环障碍,从而形成气血瘀滞,血运不畅造成股骨头的骨内压增高,髋关节周围静脉的无菌性炎性病变所致髋关节周围、大腿周围及膝关节周围的血液回流受阻,致使臀部、髋部、腿部的骨头因长期缺血而形成坏死。其他症状表现为舌暗,苔白腻,脉弦,形体肥胖,胸闷气短、白天嗜卧或嗜睡、夜寝不宁、记忆力衰退。中医认为,机体体质虚弱,抗病能力低下,肝肾精血不足,脾气亏虚,致使骨质疏松,是股骨头缺血性坏死的潜在原因。肾为先天之本,主骨生髓,肾健则髓生,髓满则骨坚。反之,则髓枯萎,失去应有的再生能力。肝主筋藏血与肾同源,二者荣衰与共,若肝脏受累、藏血失司,不能正常调节血量,血液营运不周,营养难济,是造成股骨头坏死的重要因素。脾气亏虚则运化水湿不利,久则痰湿内聚,痰湿阻络。因此治疗痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死应采取痰湿阻络型:利水除湿、祛痰通络、益气补肝肾、健脾和胃、佐活血通脉的治疗方法。本发明采用科学的配方,配方中所采用的八股绳具有活血通络,利湿消肿的功效;厚叶沿阶草具有活血通络,祛风除湿的功效;篦子草具有祛风除湿,舒筋活络的功效;两面针具有行气止痛,活血化瘀,祛风通络的功效;云南五味子根具有理气健脾,活血调经的功效;断节参具有补肝肾,强筋骨的功效;横经席具有祛风湿,强筋骨,活血止痛的功效;黄花倒水莲具有补虚健脾,散瘀通络的功效;血风藤具有补益气血,祛风活络的功效;五蕊寄生具有祛风湿,补肝肾的功效;鹿角胶具有补血,益精的功效;巴戟天具有补肾阳,壮筋骨,祛风湿的功效;半边菜具有止咳化痰,活血消肿的功效;滨旋花具有祛风利湿,化痰止咳的功效;路路通具有祛风通络,利水除湿的功效;赶黄草具有利水除湿,祛瘀止痛的功效;法半夏具有燥湿化痰的功效;化橘红具有散寒,燥湿,利气,消痰的功效;白云瓜具有化痰通络的功效;矮地茶具有化痰止咳,利湿,活血的功效;土鳖虫具有破瘀血,续筋骨的功效;甘草具有补脾益气,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药的功效。
配方中的各药物之间能相互配合,协同作用,所制成的中药,具有利水除湿、祛痰通络、益气补肝肾、健脾和胃、佐活血通脉的功效,能有效治疗痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死,多年来,通过对40例患者的使用表明,有效率达到 97.5%。治疗效果好,治愈后随访1年没有复发过。
下面结合临床实验数据来说明本发明的有益效果:
1、抽样方法
从我单位近五年来确诊为痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死的患者中,随机选取80例病人,其中,男50例,女30例,年龄35-77岁,以Ⅰ-Ⅲ患者居多。随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各40人。两组年龄等资料无显著性差异,具有可比性。
2、试验方法
2.1对照组患者使用仙灵骨葆胶囊,按说明书服用,疗程6周。
2.2治疗组口服本发明按照具体实施例1制得的胶囊,早、中、晚各一次。疗程6周。
3、疗效标准及治疗结果
3.1疗效标准:
临床痊愈:痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死的临床症状、体征消失或基本消失;显效:痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死的临床症状、体征明显改善;有效:痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死的临床症状、体征均有好转;无效:痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死的临床症状、体征均无明显改善或加重。
3.2治疗统计结果见表1。
表1两组疗效比较
由此可见,采用本发明的组方制得的药物能够安全有效治疗痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施的例子对本发明做进一步详细的描述。
实施例1
称取八股绳8克、厚叶沿阶草20克、篦子草15克、两面针10克、云南五味子根15克、断节参10克、横经席15克、黄花倒水莲15克、血风藤15克、五蕊寄生12克、巴戟天10克、半边菜12克、滨旋花12克、路路通15克、赶黄草20克、法半夏15克、化橘红12克、白云瓜8克、矮地茶12克、土鳖虫10克、甘草6克,加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤;滤渣加6倍量水,煎煮1小时,过滤;合并滤液,浓缩,干燥,称取鹿角胶粉4克,与上述干燥物混合均匀,装入胶囊壳,即得符合正常成人1天用量的胶囊剂。
用于治疗痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死。口服,每日分早、中、晚三次服用。
具体实施例2
称取八股绳8克、厚叶沿阶草20克、篦子草15克、两面针10克、云南五味子根15克、断节参10克、横经席15克、黄花倒水莲15克、血风藤15克、五蕊寄生12克、巴戟天10克、半边菜12克、滨旋花12克、路路通15克、赶黄草20克、法半夏15克、化橘红12克、白云瓜8克、矮地茶12克、土鳖虫10克、甘草6克,加10倍量水,煎煮2小时,过滤;滤渣加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤;合并滤液,浓缩,干燥,称取鹿角胶粉4克,与上述干燥物混合均匀,包装,即得符合正常成人1天用量的散剂。
用于治疗痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死。口服,每日分早、中、晚三次服用。
具体实施例3
称取八股绳8克、厚叶沿阶草20克、篦子草15克、两面针10克、云南五味子根15克、断节参10克、横经席15克、黄花倒水莲15克、血风藤15克、五蕊寄生12克、巴戟天10克、半边菜12克、滨旋花12克、路路通15克、赶黄草20克、法半夏15克、化橘红12克、白云瓜8克、矮地茶12克、土鳖虫10克、甘草6克,加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤;滤渣加6倍量水,煎煮1小时,过滤;合并滤液,浓缩,干燥,称取鹿角胶粉4克,与上述干燥物混合均匀,按照本领域常规工艺制粒,包装,即得符合正常成人1天用量的颗粒剂。
用于治疗痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死。口服,每日分早、中、晚三次服用。

Claims (1)

1.一种治疗痰湿阻络型股骨头坏死的中药组合物,其特征是由下列重量配比的药材制成:
八股绳8份、厚叶沿阶草20份、篦子草15份、两面针10份、云南五味子根15份、断节参10份、横经席15份、黄花倒水莲15份、血风藤15份、五蕊寄生12份、鹿角胶4份、巴戟天10份、半边菜12份、滨旋花12份、路路通15份、赶黄草20份、法半夏15份、化橘红12份、白云瓜8份、矮地茶12份、土鳖虫10份、甘草6份。
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