CN104304686A - DDGS fermented feed additive, fermented feed and preparation method of fermented feed - Google Patents
DDGS fermented feed additive, fermented feed and preparation method of fermented feed Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of biotechnology, in particular to a DDGS fermented feed additive, fermented feed and a preparation method of the fermented feed. The DDGS fermented feed additive comprises a composite microbial strain, a medium temperature amylase and a strong base. The composite microbial strain comprises lactobacilli, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomyces cerevisiae. DDGS is fermented by means of microorganisms, and crude fiber, non-starch polysaccharides and the like in the DDGS can be degraded through the metabolism of the microorganisms, so that the protein content is increased, and protein macromolecules are degraded into small peptides and other small easily-absorbed molecules; meanwhile, due to a large number of beneficial microorganisms propagated in the fermentation process, a large number of lactic acids and other organic acids generated in the fermentation process, and the environment with the lower pH value, molds in the DDGS can be inhibited; due to the lactic acids and the other organic acids generated in the fermentation process, the feed can have the fragrant and sweet taste, and the DDGS amount added in the feed is further increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological technical field, particularly a kind of additive, fermented feed and preparation method thereof of DDGS fermented feed.
Background technology
DDGS (Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles, corn distiller's dried grain and DDGS) be take corn as the maize alcohol lees and the dry thing of raffinate that obtain after carrying out processing process to poor liquid in main raw material(s) preparing ethanol by fermentation process, it not only containing the UGF generated in rich in protein, amino acid, vitamin, fat, fermented distilled process, is also rich in the several mineral materials being conducive to growth of animal.Therefore, DDGS, as a kind of protein feeds raw material, can be widely used in Production of Livestock and Poultry.But the potential mycotoxin contamination of DDGS easily has an impact to animal health and production performance, and in DDGS, the fiber of high-load and SNSP can affect the absorption of the mineral ions such as phosphorus, reduce the utilization rate of nutriment, and its poor palatability etc. limits the utilization of DDGS in feed.
Solid microbe fermentation technology is applied comparatively extensive in feedstuff industry, its main purpose is improved the quality of product, improve palatability, reduce the ANFs content in raw material, improve the digestibility of feed, become the feed product of natural nuisance-free height nutrition.But DDGS feed does not have the report of related microorganisms solid state fermentation at present.Therefore, a kind of additive, fermented feed and preparation method thereof of DDGS fermented feed is provided to have realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of additive, fermented feed and preparation method thereof of DDGS fermented feed.Utilize microorganism to carry out fermentation process to DDGS, can be degraded crude fibre in DDGS and SNSP etc. by the metabolism of microorganism, improve protein content, and protein macromolecule is degraded to the small-molecule substance that little peptide etc. is easy to absorb; Simultaneously sweat can prolific beneficial microbe, and the organic acid such as a large amount of lactic acid produced and lower pH value environmental energy play the inhibitory action to the mould in DDGS, the organic acids such as the lactic acid that fermentation produces make feed have sour fragrant and sweet taste, DDGS palatability can be improved very well, the addition of DDGS in feed can be improved further.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of additive of DDGS fermented feed, it comprises composite bacteria, middle temperature amylase and highly basic;
Described composite bacteria comprises Bacillus acidi lactici, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomyces cerevisiae.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of described composite bacteria, described middle temperature amylase and described highly basic is 3 ~ 5:4 ~ 6:1 ~ 3.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of described composite bacteria, described middle temperature amylase and described highly basic is 3 ~ 5:4 ~ 6:1.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of Bacillus acidi lactici described in described composite bacteria, described bacillus subtilis, described bacillus licheniformis, described saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1 ~ 5:1 ~ 3:1 ~ 3:1 ~ 3.
As preferably, the mass ratio of Bacillus acidi lactici described in described composite bacteria, described bacillus subtilis, described bacillus licheniformis, described saccharomyces cerevisiae is 3:2:2:2.
Present invention also offers a kind of DDGS fermented feed, by fermentation raw material DDGS and comprise above-mentioned additive and water by fermentation is made.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of described fermentation raw material DDGS, described additive and water is 28 ~ 47:8 ~ 12:45 ~ 60.
As preferably, the mass ratio of described fermentation raw material DDGS, described additive and water is 28 ~ 47:8 ~ 12:55.Namely preferred, in DDGS fermented feed, the mass percentage of moisture is 55%.
In some embodiments of the invention, described fermentation is solid state fermentation.
In some embodiments of the invention, described fermentation temperature is 35 ~ 40 DEG C, and described fermentation time is 3 ~ 5d.
As preferably, described fermentation temperature is 37 DEG C, and described fermentation time is 4d
In some embodiments of the invention, 50 ~ 80 DEG C of dry steps are also included in after described fermentation.As preferably, temperature dry after fermentation is 65 DEG C.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned DDGS fermented feed, it is characterized in that, get fermentation raw material DDGS and comprise as above-mentioned additive and water obtain through fermentation; The temperature of described fermentation is 35 ~ 40 DEG C, and the time of described fermentation is 3 ~ 5d.50 ~ 80 DEG C of dry steps are also included in after described fermentation.As preferably, temperature dry after fermentation is 65 DEG C.
The invention provides a kind of additive, fermented feed and preparation method thereof of DDGS fermented feed.This additive, it comprises composite bacteria, middle temperature amylase and highly basic; Described composite bacteria comprises Bacillus acidi lactici, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomyces cerevisiae.Utilize microorganism to carry out fermentation process to DDGS, can be degraded crude fibre in DDGS and SNSP etc. by the metabolism of microorganism, improve protein content, and protein macromolecule is degraded to the small-molecule substance that little peptide etc. is easy to absorb; Simultaneously sweat can prolific beneficial microbe, and the organic acid such as a large amount of lactic acid produced and lower pH value environmental energy play the inhibitory action to the mould in DDGS, the organic acids such as the lactic acid that fermentation produces make feed have sour fragrant and sweet taste, DDGS palatability can be improved very well, the addition of DDGS in feed can be improved further.
By the product that the inventive method obtains, after inspection, the key technical indexes is:
(1) product coarse protein content >=30%;
(2) the little peptide content of product (accounting for thick protein) >=18%;
(3) product lactic acid content (in total acid) >=3%.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of additive, fermented feed and preparation method thereof of DDGS fermented feed, those skilled in the art can use for reference present disclosure, and suitable improving technique parameter realizes.Special needs to be pointed out is, all similar replacements and change apparent to those skilled in the art, they are all deemed to be included in the present invention.Method of the present invention and application are described by preferred embodiment, related personnel obviously can not depart from content of the present invention, spirit and scope methods and applications as herein described are changed or suitably change with combination, realize and apply the technology of the present invention.
In the additive, fermented feed and preparation method thereof of DDGS fermented feed provided by the invention, raw materials used and reagent all can be buied by market.The present invention's composite bacterium powder used is sold Co., Ltd by Dingzhou posivtive spike feed and is buied.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, set forth the present invention further:
Embodiment 1
1 materials and methods
1.1 bacterial classifications, amylase and source
Test composite bacterium powder used to be made up of Bacillus acidi lactici, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, the ratio of above-mentioned four kinds of bacterium is 3:2:2:2, middle temperature amylase used be by bacillus subtilis through fermentation and after extractive technique refine exquisite diastase.
1.2DDGS raw material sources
DDGS raw material is the corn dry alcohol groove obtained after carrying out processing process to poor liquid in preparing ethanol by fermentation process.
1.3 experimental design
Take DDGS 200g, add moisture in 45%, 50%, 55%, 60% ratio of fermentation material total amount, be designated as M respectively
1, M
2, M
3, M
4.NaOH, middle temperature amylase and composite bacteria are pressed 1%, 5 ‰, 4 ‰ of DDGS dry matter content respectively and are weighed and add, note during mixing first will NaOH dissolve after be mixed in DDGS raw material, after add middle temperature amylase and composite bacteria, mixing, each process 3 repetition.Fermentation temperature controls at 37 DEG C, fermentation time 4d, 65 DEG C of oven dry after fermentation ends, crosses 40 mesh sieves after crushed, and measures the indexs such as thick protein, little peptide, lactic acid.
1.4 chemical analysis
Gross protein value detects: specify to perform by GB/T 5009.5-2003.
Little peptide content detects and adopts trichloroacetic acid extraction method: accurately take sample 1.5g (being accurate to 0.0001g) in 100mL beaker, add 15% solution of trichloroacetic acid 25mL, vibration 5min, leave standstill 5min, solution is quantitatively shifted, at 3,000 rpm centrifugal 10min, get whole supernatant liquid filtering, accurately pipette 10mL filtrate and be placed in digest tube, digest by GB/T 5009.5-2003 method and measure protein content.Little peptide computing formula is as follows:
Little peptide (accounting for thick protein, %)=(V-V
0) * C*6.25*0.014*2.5*100/ (M*CP)
In formula: V-sample consumes the volume of HCl, mL;
V
0-blank the volume consuming HCl, mL;
The molar concentration of C-hydrochloric acid, mol/L;
M-sample quality, g;
6.25*0.014-albumen conversion coefficient;
The gross protein value of CP-sample.
Lactic acid content (in total acid) adopts NaOH titration measuring: take 0.5g sample (being accurate to 0.0002g) in 250mL conical flask, add 100mL distilled water, 60 DEG C of water-bath 30min, get 40mL supernatant, add 2 ~ 3 phenolphthalein indicators, be titrated to pink with standard NaOH solution, 30s is colour-fast.
Lactic acid (in total acid, %)=(V-V
0) * C*0.09008*100/ (M*40/100)
In formula: V-sample consumes the volume of NaOH, mL;
V
0-blank the volume consuming NaOH, mL;
0.09008-every milliequivalent NaOH is equivalent to the grams of lactic acid;
M-sample quality, g.
PH measures: take 5g sample and be placed in 100mL triangular flask, add 45mL distilled water, shake up rear standing 30min, use determination of electrode pH.
1.5 data processing
Data acquisition SPSS16.0 software carries out one-way analysis of variance, adopts Duncan method to carry out Multiple range test.Measurement result represents with " mean+SD ".
2 results and analysis
The impact that the chemical composition of table 1 DDGS raw material and moisture addition ferment on DDGS
Note: same column shoulder mark is different represents significant difference (p<0.05)
As shown in Table 1, after DDGS fermentation, thick protein and little peptide content are significantly increased (p<0.05), though lactic acid decreases, are actually owing to adding caused by NaOH in DDGS fermentation raw material.The acidity of DDGS own is higher, and pH value is lower, for ensureing composite bacteria normal growth and ferment effect, therefore adds appropriate NaOH in DDGS raw material.In each group of DDGS fermented feed, M
3thick protein and the lactic acid content of group (moisture addition is 55%) are respectively 30.94%, 3.39%, are significantly higher than M
1, M
2, M
4three groups; PH is 4.70, lower than other three groups; And little peptide content is 19.93% (accounting for thick protein), there is no significant difference with other three groups.Comprehensive each Indexes Comparison, finds M
3group ferment effect is better than other three groups, and namely the moisture of interpolation 55% is best to ferment effect.
Embodiment 2
1 materials and methods
1.1 bacterial classifications, amylase and source
Test composite bacterium powder used to be made up of Bacillus acidi lactici, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, the ratio of above-mentioned four kinds of bacterium is 3:2:2:2, middle temperature amylase used be by bacillus subtilis through fermentation and after extractive technique refine exquisite diastase.
1.2DDGS raw material sources
DDGS raw material is the corn dry alcohol groove obtained after carrying out processing process to poor liquid in preparing ethanol by fermentation process.
1.3 experimental design
Take DDGS 200g, add moisture in 55% ratio of fermentation material total amount.NaOH, middle temperature amylase and composite bacteria are pressed 1%, 4 ‰, 3 ‰ of DDGS dry matter content respectively and are weighed and add, note during mixing first will NaOH dissolve after be mixed in DDGS raw material, after add middle temperature amylase and composite bacteria, mixing, each process 3 repetition.Fermentation temperature controls at 37 DEG C, fermentation time 4d, 65 DEG C of oven dry after fermentation ends, crosses 40 mesh sieves after crushed, and measures the indexs such as thick protein, little peptide, lactic acid.
1.4 chemical analysis
Gross protein value detects: specify to perform by GB/T 5009.5-2003.
Little peptide content detects and adopts trichloroacetic acid extraction method: accurately take sample 1.5g (being accurate to 0.0001g) in 100mL beaker, add 15% solution of trichloroacetic acid 25mL, vibration 5min, leave standstill 5min, solution is quantitatively shifted, at 3,000 rpm centrifugal 10min, get whole supernatant liquid filtering, accurately pipette 10mL filtrate and be placed in digest tube, digest by GB/T 5009.5-2003 method and measure protein content.Little peptide computing formula is as follows:
Little peptide (accounting for thick protein, %)=(V-V
0) * C*6.25*0.014*2.5*100/ (M*CP)
In formula: V-sample consumes the volume of HCl, mL;
V
0-blank the volume consuming HCl, mL;
The molar concentration of C-hydrochloric acid, mol/L;
M-sample quality, g;
6.25*0.014-albumen conversion coefficient;
The gross protein value of CP-sample.
Lactic acid content (in total acid) adopts NaOH titration measuring: take 0.5g sample (being accurate to 0.0002g) in 250mL conical flask, add 100mL distilled water, 60 DEG C of water-bath 30min, get 40mL supernatant, add 2 ~ 3 phenolphthalein indicators, be titrated to pink with standard NaOH solution, 30s is colour-fast.
Lactic acid (in total acid, %)=(V-V
0) * C*0.09008*100/ (M*40/100)
In formula: V-sample consumes the volume of NaOH, mL;
V
0-blank the volume consuming NaOH, mL;
0.09008-every milliequivalent NaOH is equivalent to the grams of lactic acid;
M-sample quality, g.
PH measures: take 5g sample and be placed in 100mL triangular flask, add 45mL distilled water, shake up rear standing 30min, use determination of electrode pH.
1.5 data processing
Data acquisition SPSS16.0 software carries out one-way analysis of variance, adopts Duncan method to carry out Multiple range test.Measurement result represents with " mean+SD ".
2 results and analysis
Chemical composition before and after table 2 DDGS fermenting raw materials
Note: same column shoulder mark is different represents significant difference (p<0.05)
As shown in Table 2, after DDGS fermentation, thick protein and little peptide content are significantly increased (p<0.05), reach 30.52% respectively, 18.86% (accounting for thick protein), because with the addition of NaOH in fermentation raw material, therefore lactic acid content is lower than raw material, but still reaches 3.02 (in total acids).
Embodiment 3
1 materials and methods
1.1 bacterial classifications, amylase and source
Test composite bacterium powder used to be made up of Bacillus acidi lactici, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, the ratio of above-mentioned four kinds of bacterium is 3:2:2:2, middle temperature amylase used be by bacillus subtilis through fermentation and after extractive technique refine exquisite diastase.
1.2DDGS raw material sources
DDGS raw material is the corn dry alcohol groove obtained after carrying out processing process to poor liquid in preparing ethanol by fermentation process.
1.3 experimental design
Take DDGS 200g, add moisture in 55% ratio of fermentation material total amount.NaOH, middle temperature amylase and composite bacteria are pressed 1%, 6 ‰, 5 ‰ of DDGS dry matter content respectively and are weighed and add, note during mixing first will NaOH dissolve after be mixed in DDGS raw material, after add middle temperature amylase and composite bacteria, mixing, each process 3 repetition.Fermentation temperature controls at 37 DEG C, fermentation time 4d, 80 DEG C of oven dry after fermentation ends, crosses 40 mesh sieves after crushed, and measures the indexs such as thick protein, little peptide, lactic acid.
1.4 chemical analysis
Gross protein value detects: specify to perform by GB/T 5009.5-2003.
Little peptide content detects and adopts trichloroacetic acid extraction method: accurately take sample 1.5g (being accurate to 0.0001g) in 100mL beaker, add 15% solution of trichloroacetic acid 25mL, vibration 5min, leave standstill 5min, solution is quantitatively shifted, at 3,000 rpm centrifugal 10min, get whole supernatant liquid filtering, accurately pipette 10mL filtrate and be placed in digest tube, digest by GB/T 5009.5-2003 method and measure protein content.Little peptide computing formula is as follows:
Little peptide (accounting for thick protein, %)=(V-V
0) * C*6.25*0.014*2.5*100/ (M*CP)
In formula: V-sample consumes the volume of HCl, mL;
V
0-blank the volume consuming HCl, mL;
The molar concentration of C-hydrochloric acid, mol/L;
M-sample quality, g;
6.25*0.014-albumen conversion coefficient;
The gross protein value of CP-sample.
Lactic acid content (in total acid) adopts NaOH titration measuring: take 0.5g sample (being accurate to 0.0002g) in 250mL conical flask, add 100mL distilled water, 60 DEG C of water-bath 30min, get 40mL supernatant, add 2 ~ 3 phenolphthalein indicators, be titrated to pink with standard NaOH solution, 30s is colour-fast.
Lactic acid (in total acid, %)=(V-V
0) * C*0.09008*100/ (M*40/100)
In formula: V-sample consumes the volume of NaOH, mL;
V
0-blank the volume consuming NaOH, mL;
0.09008-every milliequivalent NaOH is equivalent to the grams of lactic acid;
M-sample quality, g.
PH measures: take 5g sample and be placed in 100mL triangular flask, add 45mL distilled water, shake up rear standing 30min, use determination of electrode pH.
1.5 data processing
Data acquisition SPSS16.0 software carries out one-way analysis of variance, adopts Duncan method to carry out Multiple range test.Measurement result represents with " mean+SD ".
2 results and analysis
Chemical composition before and after table 3 DDGS fermenting raw materials
Note: same column shoulder mark is different represents significant difference (p<0.05)
As shown in Table 3, after DDGS fermentation, thick protein and little peptide content are significantly increased, reach 31.40% respectively, 19.13% (accounting for thick protein), because with the addition of NaOH in fermentation raw material, therefore lactic acid content is lower than raw material, but still reach 3.27% (in total acid).
Embodiment 4 is fermented on a small scale demonstration test
1. bacterial classification, amylase and source
Test composite bacterium powder used to be made up of Bacillus acidi lactici, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, the ratio of above-mentioned four kinds of bacterium is 3:2:2:2, middle temperature amylase used be by bacillus subtilis through fermentation and after extractive technique refine exquisite diastase.
2.DDGS raw material sources
DDGS raw material is the corn dry alcohol groove obtained after carrying out processing process to poor liquid in preparing ethanol by fermentation process.
3. fermentation material prepares
Take 5kg DDGS raw material, and take warm amylase in 50g NaOH, 25g respectively in the ratio of 1%, 5 ‰, 4 ‰, 20g composite bacteria is stand-by.Measure the warm water (about 37 DEG C) of fermentation material total amount 55%, a part adds in DDGS raw material after dissolving NaOH, mixes thoroughly, and a part is used for adding in DDGS raw material after warm amylase and composite bacteria in dissolving, mixes.
4. ferment
Will after inoculation and the DDGS mixed load in Nylon Bag, and seal intact, be placed in 37 DEG C of incubators and ferment after 4d and take out.
5. dry
DDGS is through 80 DEG C of oven dry in fermentation, obtains fermented product.
6. detect
The gross protein value of fermented sample is 31.14% after testing, little peptide is 19.97% (accounting for thick protein), lactic acid content is 3.36%, as table 4.
Chemical composition before and after table 4 DDGS raw material ferments on a small scale
As can be seen here, additive provided by the invention and DDGS fermented feed can improve the utilization rate of nutriment.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an additive for DDGS fermented feed, is characterized in that, it comprises composite bacteria, middle temperature amylase and highly basic;
Described composite bacteria comprises Bacillus acidi lactici, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomyces cerevisiae.
2. additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of described composite bacteria, described middle temperature amylase and described highly basic is 3 ~ 5:4 ~ 6:1 ~ 3.
3. additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of described composite bacteria, described middle temperature amylase and described highly basic is 3 ~ 5:4 ~ 6:1.
4. additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of Bacillus acidi lactici described in described composite bacteria, described bacillus subtilis, described bacillus licheniformis, described saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1 ~ 5:1 ~ 3:1 ~ 3:1 ~ 3.
5. additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of Bacillus acidi lactici described in described composite bacteria, described bacillus subtilis, described bacillus licheniformis, described saccharomyces cerevisiae is 3:2:2:2.
6. a DDGS fermented feed, is characterized in that, by fermentation raw material DDGS and comprise additive and water by fermentation as described in any one of claim 1 to 5 and make.
7. DDGS fermented feed according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of described fermentation raw material DDGS, described additive and water is 28 ~ 47:8 ~ 12:45 ~ 60.
8. DDGS fermented feed according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described fermentation is solid state fermentation.
9. DDGS fermented feed according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described fermentation temperature is 35 ~ 40 DEG C, and described fermentation time is 3 ~ 5d.
10. the preparation method of the DDGS fermented feed according to any one of claim 6 to 9, is characterized in that, gets fermentation raw material DDGS and comprise additive and water as described in any one of claim 1 to 5 to obtain through fermentation; The temperature of described fermentation is 35 ~ 40 DEG C, and the time of described fermentation is 3 ~ 5d.
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| CN112998123A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-06-22 | 吉林农业大学 | Fermentation process for improving alcohol soluble protein content of DDGS feed |
| CN114642239A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-06-21 | 播恩集团股份有限公司 | Method for improving DDGS nutritional quality and application thereof |
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| CN104304686B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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Effective date of registration: 20181227 Address after: 102209 Institute of Chinese Food Nutrition and Health, No. 4 Road, Southern District, Future Science and Technology City, North Qijia Town, Changping District, Beijing Co-patentee after: COFCO Nutrition and Health Research Institute Co., Ltd. Patentee after: COFCO Biotechnology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. Co-patentee after: Cofco Group Co., Ltd. Address before: 102209 Beijing Changping District North Qijia Town Future Science and Technology City South District Fourth Road Zhongliang Nutrition and Health Research Institute Co., Ltd. Co-patentee before: Cofco Group Co., Ltd. Patentee before: COFCO Nutrition and Health Research Institute Co., Ltd. |