CN104302969B - 改进的用于led照明设备的准直系统 - Google Patents

改进的用于led照明设备的准直系统 Download PDF

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CN104302969B
CN104302969B CN201380025137.6A CN201380025137A CN104302969B CN 104302969 B CN104302969 B CN 104302969B CN 201380025137 A CN201380025137 A CN 201380025137A CN 104302969 B CN104302969 B CN 104302969B
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light
illuminating equipment
primary optics
automatic illuminating
led
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CN104302969A (zh
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P·尤里克
J·瓦尔哈日
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Rob lighting company
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Robe Lighting Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V11/00—Screens not covered by groups F21V1/00, F21V3/00, F21V7/00 or F21V9/00
    • F21V11/06—Screens not covered by groups F21V1/00, F21V3/00, F21V7/00 or F21V9/00 using crossed laminae or strips, e.g. grid-shaped louvers; using lattices or honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V17/00—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages
    • F21V17/06—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages the fastening being onto or by the lampholder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/007—Array of lenses or refractors for a cluster of light sources, e.g. for arrangement of multiple light sources in one plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
    • F21V5/046—Refractors for light sources of lens shape the lens having a rotationally symmetrical shape about an axis for transmitting light in a direction mainly perpendicular to this axis, e.g. ring or annular lens with light source disposed inside the ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0083—Array of reflectors for a cluster of light sources, e.g. arrangement of multiple light sources in one plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0091—Reflectors for light sources using total internal reflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
    • G02B19/0028—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed refractive and reflective surfaces, e.g. non-imaging catadioptric systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
    • G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
    • G02B19/0061—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a LED
    • G02B19/0066—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a LED in the form of an LED array
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V17/00—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages
    • F21V17/005—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages with keying means, i.e. for enabling the assembling of component parts in distinctive positions, e.g. for preventing wrong mounting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
    • F21V21/14—Adjustable mountings
    • F21V21/30—Pivoted housings or frames
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/40—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
    • F21W2131/406—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use for theatres, stages or film studios
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2101/00—Point-like light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
    • F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2113/00—Combination of light sources
    • F21Y2113/10—Combination of light sources of different colours
    • F21Y2113/13—Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Abstract

一种自动照明设备，具有光源(40)阵列，其设置有多个带有中央光阻挡件(26)的主TIR光学器件(24)，光阻挡器被设置为使不被期望的溢出光被阻挡或改变光束角方向。

Description

改进的用于LED照明设备的准直系统
相关申请
本申请是发明申请，要求以申请日为2012年3月18日、序列号为No.61/612,376并采用相同标题的美国临时申请为优先权。
技术领域
本发明大体涉及一种在产生光束的照明设备中使用LED阵列时控制光线从LED阵列中输出的方法，尤其涉及一种防止光溢出并控制阵列的光束角的方法。
背景技术
照明设备中通常用到高功率LED，例如在建筑照明产业，商店、办公室和企业，以及在娱乐行业，影院、电视演播室、音乐会、主题公园、夜总会等场所。这些LED也被用在具有自动远程控制功能的自动照明设备中。为进行颜色控制，通常要使用不同颜色的LED阵列。例如一个常见的配置是用红、绿和蓝LED混合。这样的配置允许用户通过将三种颜色混合成合适程度来产生他们想要的颜色。例如点亮红色和绿色的LED而使蓝色熄灭，会使输出光显示为黄色。类似地红和蓝能得到洋红色，蓝和绿能得到青色。通过准确控制这三种控件，用户可以得到任何他们想要的颜色。也可以使用多于三种的颜色，众所周知，向红绿蓝中添加琥珀色或白色的LED，以增强颜色混合并改善可行的色域。
不同颜色的LED可以被放置在照明设备的一个阵列中，每个LED之间均有物理分隔，这种分隔，再加上不同管芯尺寸和每个颜色的布置，可实现单个颜色的传播，导致组合的混合颜色输出光束的令人不快的溢散光以及颜色散射。通常在每个LED的前面使用一个透镜或其他的光学设备，以控制光束形状和输出的光束角，然而这些光学设备通常对不同的颜色有不同的影响，以及在输出光束中能看到散光或其他像差。有一种能很好地控制杂散光和像差的系统是有利的。
有必要提供一种光束控制系统，用于基于LED阵列的照明设备，以改善至减少溢散光并控制光束角。
附图说明
为了更完整地理解本发明及其优点，现结合附图参考如下描述，其中相同的标号表示相同的特征。
图1示出了现有技术中的系统；
图2示出了一种典型的自动照明系统；
图3示出了本发明一个实施例，安装在自动照明设备中；
图4示出本发明一个实施例的详细视图；
图5示出了本发明一个光学设计的实施例；
图6示出了本发明一个实施例的小窗遮蔽件；
图7示出了本发明一个实施例的顶帽式模块；
图8示出了本发明一个实施例的分解视图；以及
图9示出了本发明一个实施例，安装在自动照明设备中。
具体实施方式
本发明的较佳实施例示于附图中，不同的附图中相同的或相应的部件使用相同的标号。
本发明大体涉及一种在产生光束的照明设备中使用LED阵列时控制光线从LED阵列中输出的方法，尤其涉及一种防止光溢出并用于控制阵列的光束角的方法。
图1示出了现有技术中的系统，其示出了在照明设备中使用两个LED，LED 102和LED 104可以是不同的颜色，由于LED管芯的不同的光学性质和结构，产生的光束106和110是不同的波束扩散。这种不同的波束扩散意味着来自LED 102和104的光束将以这样的方式入射到照明对象物118，以致于对象物的区域114和116仅会被单一的LED照射而不是期望中的被二者混合照射。这导致了区域114和116在着色上与中心混合区不同，并显示为彩色条纹。为清楚和简洁图1仅示出了两(2)个LED，但是应当理解的是，当多于两种颜色的LED时系统中存在相同的问题。
图2示出了一种典型的多参数自动LED照明系统10。这些系统通常包括多个多参数自动照明设备12，其典型地每一个均包括板上LED阵列，连接到机械驱动系统和控制电子装置(未示出)上的电动马达。除了被直接或通过配电系统(未示出)连接到主电源之外，每个照明设备与数据链路14串联或并联地连接至一个或多个控制台15。照明设备系统10典型地由操作者通过控制台15进行控制。因此，为了实现该控制，控制台10和每个照明设备典型地包括电子电路，作为机电控制系统的一部分以控制自动照明参数。
图3示出了本发明一个自动照明设备的实施例，照明设备20包括多个LED模块，每个模块配有主光学器件24、中央溢光阻挡器26、以及小窗遮蔽件27。窗遮蔽件27可以有不同的高度和宽度。通过将窗遮蔽件27改变成窗阵列的不同高度，使用者可以控制照明设备的光束角、杂散光和色边，另外，通过中央溢光阻挡器26提供了控制，以下会尽可能详细的描述。窗遮蔽件阵列27可以进一步为LED模块进行机械保护和防尘。
图4示出了本发明一个实施例的一个组件的详细视图。主光学器件24，每个对应一个LED阵列，被框架28支撑。每个主光学器件24都配有一个中央溢光阻挡器26。中央溢光阻挡器26是应用在主光学器件24中央区域上的不透明掩膜，中央溢光阻挡器26可以是丝网印油墨，或是由纸、塑料、模制塑料、金属或其他材料制成的实体盘，附着于主光学器件24的中心。中央溢光阻挡器26可以是如图所示的薄的器件，或具有有形的厚度或高度，其中厚度提供了额外的溢光遮蔽。主光学器件24是最常见的TIR(全内反射)光学透镜，被设计成校准相关LED阵列的输出并产生窄的输出光束。这种TIR光学器件往往会在所期望得到的输出光束以外产生溢散光，其中大量穿过光学器件的输出表面的中央部分。通过采用中央溢光阻挡器26对中央部分的阻挡，该溢散光的很大部分可以从输出光束中移除，仅留下期望的窄光束。中央溢光阻挡器26会降低光学系统的总效率，但是保证了产生的更多在期望的光束角内。不透明的掩膜可以主要吸光。在可替代的实施例中，掩膜可以是反光的。如果是反光，则掩膜可以是平面的，然而，在一些优选的实施例中，该反光掩膜也可以是非平面的。每个主光学器件24装配有键脚30，该键脚30在盘28的安装孔32的一侧接合对应的键槽34。
图5示出了照明设备的多种光学元件的操作，所述多种光学元件涉及本发明一个实施例的单一LED模块。从LED模块40中输出的光，其可以包括多个相同或不同颜色的LED，经过接收口42进入到主光学器件24中。主光学器件24提供光束校准，且可以是一个反射器或应用全内反射(TIR)的透镜。如本实施例所示，主光学器件24是大致抛物线形状，接收口42大致就位接近该抛物线形状的焦点。在光束穿过主光学器件24并被该主光学器件24约束之后，光被一组窗遮蔽件进一步约束，如美国专利申请2010/0103663所公开的描述。在这样的系统中提供一个窗遮蔽件临近于光源是有利的，以使LED的不同颜色被限制到类似的输出区域，从而颜色散射和溢散光最小化。小窗遮蔽件27作为系统的一部分提供这个功能。
由于LED阵列40不是一个真正的点源，主光学器件24也趋向于产生期望得到的输出光束角以外的杂散光线。这种光线，例如图5中的52，趋于通过主光学器件24输出表面的中央部分被发射。中央溢光阻挡器26被放置在这个中央区域上以阻挡大量这些杂散光线，阻止它们到达输出光束。在期望的光束角内的光线，例如图5中的50，避开了中央溢光阻挡器26并继续通过光学系统。
图6示出了本发明一个实施例的小窗遮蔽件阵列。每个窗遮蔽件27对准了与它相关的LED阵列和主光学器件。由于小窗遮蔽件阵列是作为一个单独的元件制造的，因此它可以轻易地被替换从而为所有的LED提供不同高度的窗遮蔽件。
图7示出了本发明一个实施例的顶帽式模块。除了小窗口和中央溢光阻挡器以外，顶帽式模块29进一步提供了可选的溢光控制的程度。
图8示出了本发明一个组装的实施例的分解视图，其安装在图1中的自动照明设备100上。从左到右每个单独的LED模块40都与主光学器件24配对，他们依次配有独立的中央溢光阻挡器26，并与小窗遮蔽件27配对。可选地，顶帽式模块29安装在系统的前面。在图8所示的实施例中，LED模块40布置成一个阵列。
在多种实施例中，每个LED模块40可以包括一个单独的单色的LED管芯或者是一组颜色相同或不同的管芯。例如在一个实施例中，LED 40可以包括红绿蓝和白中的每种颜色各一个的LED管芯。进一步的实施例中，LED 40可以包括LED芯片或封装，而进一步的实施例中LED 40可以包括多个LED芯片或封装，处于一个单独的主光学器件下，或者每个封装都伴有自己的主光学器件。在一些实施例中，这些LED管芯可以与光学透镜元件配对，作为LED模块的一部分。尽管所示的LED模块40为单独的块，但在各种实施例中这些模块40可以作为一块或多块被设置在多个模块的阵列中。类似地，主光学器件24被图示为每个LED模块一块。在其他实施例中，主光学器件可以被设置为在多个主光学器件的阵列中，与多个LED模块的阵列配对。
在本发明的一个实施例中，照明设备中每个模块上的每个小窗遮蔽件27是相同的，但是在进一步的实施例中，窗遮蔽件27在一个单独的模块中或在整个照明设备中不同模块之间可以是不同的，而在进一步的实施例中，窗遮蔽件阵列27的高度是变化的，从而针对所发射的光实现不同的受控光束角。不同光学元件和窗口阵列高度的组合可以被有利地选择，以允许精确控制光束形状和质量。窗遮蔽件阵列减少彩色条纹或光晕，并控制光束角，从而为照明设计师提供单一的同质颜色的良好受控且限定的光束。
可以看出，改变窗遮蔽件27的高度会改变输出光束被约束的光束角。更高的窗口会得到更窄的光束，更矮的窗口会得到更宽的光束，窗遮蔽件27可以有固定的高度或可调的高度。窗遮蔽件27可以有利地是非反光，以避免光的溢散，这可以通过在窗遮蔽件上涂上或覆盖哑光黑色涂料、氧化或已知技术中的涂层来实现。
在进一步的实施例中，窗遮蔽件27可以是透明的或非透明的，以在照明设备的表面内产生辉光效果。
LED模块40可以包括单一颜色和类型的LED或多种颜色的LED，本发明不限于使用的LED的数量、颜色、或类型，适用于任何布局、任何数量、任何类型和任何颜色的LED或OLED。
图9示出了本发明一个在配有可选的顶帽式模块时的自动照明设备的实施例。照明设备20包括多个LED模块，每一个均装配有主光学器件、中央溢光阻挡器26、和小窗遮蔽件27。该实施例还配有可选的顶帽式模块29。除了小窗口和中央溢光阻挡器以外，顶帽式模块29提供了一种可选的溢光控制水平。
虽然本发明公开描述了一定数量的实施例，本领域技术人员，得益于上述公开的内容，将认识到，在不偏离本发明公开范围可以修改以得到其他的实施例。本发明已经作出了详细的描述，当应当理解的是，各种改变，替换和变更均不脱离本发明精神的范围。

Claims (15)

1.一种自动照明设备，包括：
LED阵列；
多个主TIR光学器件，排列成与LED阵列对齐，其中主光学器件包括一个中央光阻挡件，设置在主光学器件的中央；
多个窗，与主光学器件对齐；
由此不希望的光溢出受到限制，并且产生更受约束的光束。
2.如权利要求1所述的自动照明设备，其特征在于，所述光阻挡件是吸收光的。
3.如权利要求1所述的自动照明设备，其特征在于，所述光阻挡件是反射光的。
4.如权利要求3所述的自动照明设备，其特征在于，所述光阻挡件是光平面。
5.如权利要求3所述的自动照明设备，其特征在于，所述光阻挡器是光的非平面的。
6.如权利要求1所述的自动照明设备，其特征在于，所述主光学器件是大致抛物线状，带有接近抛物线焦点的接收孔。
7.一种自动照明设备，包括：
LED阵列；
多个主光学器件，排列成与LED阵列对齐，其中主光学器件包括一个中央光阻挡件，设置在主光学器件的中央；
由此不希望的光溢出受到限制，并且产生更受约束的光束。
8.如权利要求7所述的自动照明设备，其特征在于，所述主光学器件是固态TIR。
9.如权利要求1所述的自动照明设备，其特征在于，所述主光学器件是大致抛物线状。
10.如权利要求7所述的自动照明设备，其特征在于，所述光阻挡件是吸收光的。
11.如权利要求7所述的自动照明设备，其特征在于，所述光阻挡件是反射光的。
12.如权利要求11所述的自动照明设备，其特征在于，所述光阻挡件是光平面。
13.如权利要求11所述的自动照明设备，其特征在于，所述光阻挡件是光的非平面的。
14.如权利要求7所述的自动照明设备，其特征在于，进一步包括多个窗，各自单独地对齐单独的主光学器件。
15.如权利要求14所述的自动照明设备，其特征在于，主光学器件窗的阵列被环绕成一个更大的窗，围绕各单独的主光学器件窗。
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