CN104289775B - Electrode compound motion is electrolysed cutting method - Google Patents
Electrode compound motion is electrolysed cutting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104289775B CN104289775B CN201410463370.9A CN201410463370A CN104289775B CN 104289775 B CN104289775 B CN 104289775B CN 201410463370 A CN201410463370 A CN 201410463370A CN 104289775 B CN104289775 B CN 104289775B
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009760 electrical discharge machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H2400/00—Moving mechanisms for tool electrodes
- B23H2400/10—Moving mechanisms for tool electrodes for rotating the electrode
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
Cutting method is electrolysed the present invention relates to a kind of electrode compound motion, belongs to technical field of electrolysis processing.This method includes following characteristics:The tool-electrode of the present invention is used for when being electrolysed cutting processing, rotate around own axes or linear reciprocating motion or the linear reciprocating motion being combined in the axial direction is rotated around own axes in the axial direction.The present invention promotes the discharge of processing product using the compound motion for being electrolysed cutting electrode.The electrolysis cutting method of the present invention can improve processing stability, machining accuracy and the processing efficiency of ruled surface structure.
Description
Art
A kind of electrode compound motion electrolysis cutting method of the present invention, belongs to technical field of electrolysis processing.
Background technology
Aero-engine is just continued to develop towards high-performance, long-life, high reliability direction, to part fatigue life, table
Face integrality proposes strict demand.Specially require aero-engine working-blade tenon, turbine disc mortise, high-precision driving cog
The high cycle fatigue part finished surfaces such as wheel are without re cast layer, non-microcracked.Such part is that cross sectional shape is complicated, depth-to-width ratio is big mostly
Straight burr surface member, material is the difficult machining material such as titanium alloy, high temperature alloy, intermetallic compound mostly.Therefore, high surface matter
Amount difficult-to-machine material manufacturing technology has become one of bottleneck that restriction advanced aero engine is developed.
Tradition machinery processing is thermal force-power load coupling process, generally produces residual stress, shape in piece surface
Into work hardening layer, the fatigue strength of part is reduced.Electrical discharge machining, Laser Processing are typical Thermal Load processes, are led to
Often in piece surface formation re cast layer and heat affected layer;Re cast layer is the quenching that melted material is rapidly cooled to form in piece surface
Often contain micro-crack in cast sturcture, inside.In the presence of alternate load, micro-crack easily extends, and causes part to occur rupture failure.
Electrolysis cutting removes material based on electrochemical metal anodic solution principle, and its finished surface is unstressed, without re cast layer, without fine fisssure
Line, especially meets aero-engine difficult-to-machine material great surface quality straight burr surface member process requirements.
Electrolysis cutting, using line electrode as tool-electrode, can avoid the complicated cathode design of conventional electrolysis forming,
Flow Field Design process, greatly shortens the leading time;Using line electrode as tool-electrode, electrolyte is along journey characteristic to processing
The influence of precision is relatively easy, it is easier to realize high accuracy processing.Research shows, the essence of high-precision Electrolyzed Processing is constant
Microgap processing, its key is quickly to update electrolyte, keeps processing gap electrolyte inside stable conductivity, is distributed
It is even.High accuracy electrolysis cutting processing gap is in a few micrometers to some tens of pm range scale.In so narrow and small processing gap,
Exchange of electrolyte, renewal are difficult.
Researcher proposes to accelerate electrolyte flow using coaxial high speed fliud flushing.As depth of cut increases, electrolyte
Flow at high speed increased dramatically along stroke pressure loss in microgap so that disturbance of the fliud flushing to processing inner space higher depth electrolyte
Weaken with updating ability.Meanwhile, made up simply by improving electrolyte pressure pressure loss effect also not substantially, be also easy to
Bring other negative effects such as electrolyte jet atomization, wire electrode vibration.
Researcher also proposed the auxiliary processes such as the unidirectional wire of line electrode, to-and-fro thread, by wire electrode to electrolyte
Effect of dragging come promote processing product discharge.Because line electrode surface is smooth, its towing to electrolyte, perturbation action have
Limit, electrolyte updates still relatively slow during processing high aspect ratio structure, and processing product and bubble are easily attached to wire electrode and workpiece table
Face, induces short circuit.
In addition, researcher also proposes the auxiliary processes such as workpiece, tool-electrode low-frequency vibration, improve to a certain extent
Gap flow field is processed, processing product and bubble is solved the problem of be attached to wire electrode and workpiece surface.When depth of cut reaches number
At ten even up to a hundred millimeters, low-frequency vibration effect is extremely limited.
Therefore, the discharge of electrolysate and the renewal speed of electrolyte in electrolysis cutting processing gap are improved, is still high
Aspect ratio structures electrolysis cutting needs the key issue of urgent need to resolve.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes that a kind of electrode is answered for existing high aspect ratio structure electrolysis cutting technique processing product discharge problem
Resultant motion is electrolysed cutting method.By being electrolysed the compound motion of cutting electrode, promote the discharge of processing product, improve high-aspect-ratio
Processing stability, machining accuracy and the processing efficiency of structure.
A kind of electrode compound motion is electrolysed cutting method, it is characterised in that including procedure below:Using being electrolysed cutter device
Electrolysis cutting processing is carried out, the device includes power supply, electrolyte circulation system, electrolysis cutting off machine, electrolysis cutting off machine numerical control
System, tool cathode system, workpiece system.In step 1, the numerical control rotating platform workpiece installation workpiece system;Step 2, will electrolysis
Cutting electrode is installed on tool cathode system, and is electrolysed cutting electrode clamping length and position is adjustable, and the electrode is generally
Wire is bar-shaped, and electrode cross-section is circle or the non-circular shape for being conducive to disturbing electrolyte flow;Step 3, electrolyte are complete
Full submergence workpiece, workpiece connects pulse power positive pole, and electrolysis cutting electrode connects pulse power negative pole, starting impulse power supply;4th, process
When electrolysis cutting electrode around the own axes rotary motion and in axial direction compound motion of linear reciprocating motion;Step 5, pass through
The interpolation operation of digital control system realizes cutting movement of the workpiece relative to electrolysis cutting electrode;Step 6, separation, cleaning workpiece.
A kind of described electrode compound motion electrolysis cutting method, it is characterised in that:During the electrolysis cutting electrode processing,
Rotated around own axes or in the axial direction linear reciprocating motion or around own axes rotate it is compound in the axial direction
Linear reciprocating motion.
Conventional electrolysis cutting line electrode two ends are often applied in certain pulling force and fixed, and pass through the diffusion of electrolyte, convective mass transfer
Realize that electrolyte updates.The unidirectional wire transporting electrolysis cutting of line electrode, reciprocal wire transporting electrolysis cutting, the low-frequency vibration occurred in recent years is electric
The technologies such as pole cutting, electrolyte is pulled by tool-electrode low-speed rectilinear movement in the axial direction, drives electrolysate from adding
Discharged in break gap.The above method is to the perturbation action excessively " calmness " of processing gap electrolyte inside, and mass transfer effect is limited.
This patent proposes that electrode carries out electrolysis cutting with composite motion.During processing, electrolysis cutting electrode is with a constant speed
Degree rotation, while along electrode axis direction linear reciprocating motion.Electrolysis cutting electrode rotation can increase electrode pair processing gap
The agitaion of electrolyte inside, it is to avoid electrolysate is reunited so that electrolysate disperses, it is easier to electrolyte flow from processing
Discharged in gap.Electrolysis cutting electrode makees axial reciprocating linear motion so that the electrolyte of workpiece surface is closed in processing gap
Flowing is not only comprising the circumference tangential motion in cross section, also with axial velocity.Now, processing gap electrolyte inside is formed by force
Convective motion so that accelerate along cutting thickness direction electrolyte renewal speed.Particularly, when electrolysis cutting electrode carries out big row
During journey linear reciprocating motion, the superimposed motion by directly containing bubble, electrolysate, Joule heat " dirty " electrolyte from processing
Taken out of in gap, fresh electrolyte is brought into processing gap.
Meanwhile, the agitaion of electrode compound motion and the channel effect of pulse current, the coupling of pressure wave effect will also have
Collided beneficial to bubble in electrolyte and workpiece surface, make to attach to electrode, the processing product of workpiece surface comes off, into electrolysis
Liquid, follows electrolyte flow to be discharged out of processing gap.
In summary, the present invention is advantageous in that:(1)Because the discharge of product and the renewal of electrolyte are accelerated, make
The reduction of the impurity contents such as gap electrolyte inside product, bubble must be processed, it is to avoid because short circuit caused by electrolysate accumulation is existing
As improving processing stability;(2)Process gap electrolyte inside product, the impurity content such as bubble to reduce, it is to avoid thick along cutting
Spend drastically reducing for direction electrolytic conductivity so that electrolytic conductivity is more uniformly spread;(3)Electrolytic conductivity it is equal
Even distribution, improves the carrying current of stable processing so that anodic solution speed is accelerated, processing efficiency is improved;(4)With processing
The increase of speed, processing gap reduces, and material concentrates ablation ability to strengthen, and improves machining accuracy;(5)Effectively improve profundity
Width-ratio structure electrolysis cutting processing gap flow field, in slit width under the same conditions, can stablize the workpiece of the bigger thickness of cutting, carry
High maximum cutting thickness.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 show electrode compound motion electrolysis cutting method schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 show electrolysis cutting electrode compound motion schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 show electrode compound motion electrolysis cutter device schematic diagram;
Label title in figure:1st, support, 2, electrolytic bath, 3, electrolyte groove seat, 4, electrolyte, 5, X-axis linear electric motors, 6,
Y-axis linear electric motors, 7, flowmeter, 8, flow valve, 9, filter, 10, micro pump, 11, liquid reserve tank, 12, heater, 13, temperature
Meter, 14, servo-driver, 15, digital control system, 16, the pulse power, 17, workpiece, 18, numerical control rotating platform, 19, alignment pin, 20, spiral shell
Bolt, 21, electro spindle, 22, upper collet, 23, electrolysis cutting electrode, 24, column, 25, upper bracket, 26, X/Y plane freqency fine adjustment machine
Structure, 27-1, lower carriage, 27-2, lower adjusting bracket, 28, Z axis linear electric motors, 29, Z-direction micro-adjusting mechanism, 30, balance cylinder.
Embodiment
Fig. 2(a)It is that electrolysis cutting electrode moves to equilbrium position schematic diagram, Fig. 2(b)It is that electrolysis cutting electrode is moved to down
Extreme position schematic diagram, Fig. 2(c)It is that electrolysis cutting electrode moves to equilbrium position schematic diagram, Fig. 2(d)It is electrolysis cutting electrode
Move to upper extreme position schematic diagram, Fig. 2(e)It is that electrolysis cutting electrode moves to equilbrium position schematic diagram.
Illustrate the implementation process of the present invention with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3:
1st, with reference to Fig. 3, workpiece 17 is arranged on numerical control rotating platform 18 by alignment pin 19, blending bolt 20 is fixed;
2nd, with reference to Fig. 3, electrolysis cutting electrode 23 upper end is clamped on the upper collet 22 of electro spindle 21, lower end clamping
On lower adjusting bracket 27-2.It is electrolysed the clamping length of cutting electrode 23 adjustable, and passes through Z-direction micro-adjusting mechanism 29 and X/Y plane freqency fine adjustment machine
The position of the regulation electrolysis cutting electrode 23 of structure 26;
3rd, with reference to Fig. 3, workpiece 17 connects the positive pole of the pulse power 16, and electrolysis cutting electrode 23 connects the negative pole of the pulse power 16;Start
Micro pump 10 simultaneously adjusts flow valve 8, and electrolyte 4 is from the injection electrolytic bath 2 of liquid reserve tank 11 up to workpiece 17 is totally submerged;
4th, with reference to Fig. 1,2,3, digital control system 15 is started, control Z axis linear electric motors 28 do reciprocating linear motion, and realize electrolysis
The linear reciprocating motion of cutting electrode 23;Electro spindle 21 is controlled, the rotary motion of electrolysis cutting electrode 23 is realized.That is electrolysis cutting
Electrode 23 relative to workpiece 17 from top to bottom, and from bottom to top moves to original position, the week of linear reciprocating motion in vertical direction
Phase is that T, stroke are A.Linear reciprocating motion is coupled with the rotary motion around its axis all the time in electrolysis cutting process.
5th, with reference to Fig. 3, machined parameters are inputted to digital control system, unbalanced pulse power supply 16 is transported by the interpolation of digital control system
Calculate and realize cutting movement of the workpiece 17 relative to electrolysis cutting electrode 23, complete the processing of a metal intricate ruled surface structure;
6th, separation, cleaning workpiece 17.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of electrode compound motion is electrolysed cutting method, it is characterised in that including procedure below:
Electrolysis cutting processing is carried out using cutter device is electrolysed, the device includes power supply, electrolyte circulation system, electrolysis cutting machine
Bed, electrolysis cutting off machine digital control system, tool cathode system, workpiece system;
Step 1, workpiece(17)On the numerical control rotating platform (18) for installing workpiece system;
Step 2, cutting electrode will be electrolysed(23)It is installed on tool cathode system;And it is electrolysed cutting electrode(23)Clamping length and
Position is adjustable;The electrode generally wire or bar-shaped, electrode cross-section is circle or is conducive to disturbing electrolyte flow
Non-circular shape;
Step 3, electrolyte(4)It is totally submerged workpiece(17), workpiece(17)Connect the pulse power(16)Positive pole, is electrolysed cutting electrode
(23)Connect the pulse power(16)Negative pole, starting impulse power supply(16);
Cutting electrode is electrolysed when step 4, processing(23)Carry out the rotary motion around own axes and reciprocating linear in the axial direction
The compound motion of motion;Electrode movement can stir processing gap electrolyte inside, it is to avoid electrolysate is reunited so that scattered electricity
Product is solved to be easier to discharge out of processing gap with electrolyte flow;
Step 5, workpiece realized by the interpolation operation of digital control system(17)Relative to electrolysis cutting electrode(23)Cutting movement;
Step 6, separation, cleaning workpiece(17).
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CN108746894A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Double fine pipe electrode pulsation states are electrolysed cutting method |
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CN106964855A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-07-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of asymmetric axial vibration assisted electrolysis wire cutting method of amplitude |
CN109693009B (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Workpiece reciprocating motion assisted axial flushing electrolytic wire cutting machining method and device |
CN110394516B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2021-01-26 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-localization pulsating state electrolytic wire cutting processing method |
CN110614410B (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-09-01 | 常州工学院 | Horizontal vibration device for dovetail groove electrolytic machining and dovetail groove machining method |
CN117020342B (en) * | 2023-10-09 | 2024-01-26 | 河南工学院 | Rotary wire electrode auxiliary type electrolytic wire cutting machining device and application method thereof |
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