CN1042875A - 流体包装无菌灌注的方法和装置 - Google Patents

流体包装无菌灌注的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1042875A
CN1042875A CN88107979A CN88107979A CN1042875A CN 1042875 A CN1042875 A CN 1042875A CN 88107979 A CN88107979 A CN 88107979A CN 88107979 A CN88107979 A CN 88107979A CN 1042875 A CN1042875 A CN 1042875A
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CN1018064B (zh
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韦利·勒力加
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Nestle SA
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    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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Abstract

本发明与有带可撕外膜的注嘴的包装无菌充注的方法及装置有关。装置有充注头，充注头下的包装支承件，设计中在充注后将包装密封，充注头有输液速度调节阀，液体进出口管安排在充注头底部边侧，有蒸汽进口阀，和带蒸汽出口及排空管的排出阀在充注后作清洁。阀的下部将液流关闭或开放，有切割装置，在阀开放时切开可撕膜。

Description

本发明与流体包装无菌灌注的方法和装置有关，包装有注咀，上有可撕去的外膜。
专利EP72699号已叙述一种流体包装无菌灌注的装置，包括一个有控制包装流体注入速度的阀的注入头，包装有注咀，带有可撕去的外膜。这种装置有许多缺点。首先，在充注过程中用流体压力将外膜撕破，造成完全无法预料的裂口，向包装密封区中伸展，因而可造成密封流体的包装破裂。在另一方面，本专利器件的系统包括两个在垂直轴上的独立活动，一方面输送流体，而另一方面在充注头空间中造成真空。最后，这装置要求垂直轴上有密封件，密封件的使用寿命有限，而且磨损时会造成细菌感染。
本发明提出一种方法和一种系统，从而使上述的缺点不致于留给使用人解决。在本发明中，可将外膜干净利落撕去，调节流体输送速度的阀仅有一个动作，并仅有一次推动，因此不需经常更换密封件。
本发明与流体包装无菌灌注的方法有关，包装设有带可撕外膜的注咀，包装消毒底封闭，充注头空间和可撕膜的外部消毒，将可撕外膜切开，同时将流体注入包装，注入过程完毕后，切断流体的输送，并注入蒸汽或消毒气体，将充注头空间中的剩余流体排入排空管，蒸汽或消毒气体在排出流体的横向上注入。
充注头空间的予消毒，在135°至165℃，和2至6大气压下进行2至30秒钟。
充注循环结束后，消毒作业用120°至150℃温度范围和1至4大气压下的蒸汽进行0.5至2秒钟。使用消毒气体时，将0.5至3大气压下的气体在环境温度下引入。
发明还有关一种进行这方法的装置，其中有充注头，放在充注头下的包装支架，其设计为在充注循环结束时将包装密封，充注头有一个调流体输送速度的阀，流体输入管及输出管;在流体输入及输出管轴线的横向上，布置在充注头的底部，为一个蒸汽输入阀和一个有蒸汽出口和排空管的阀，在充注循环终了时进行清洁作业。此外，调节流体输送速度的阀的下部，起将流体关闭和开放的作用，并有切割装置，当该阀开放时将可撕破的膜切开。可了解到阀的下部为最接近有可撕去的膜的注咀的部分。
在本发明的范围中，包装应理解为食物领域或药物领域中的塑料包装，纸板包装或任何其他类型的包装。所谓流体，指的是水溶液，以及奶类，果汁或菜汁，或粘性较大的制品，诸如果酱，橘酱等等，其中含固体块或不含固体块。
一般流体输入管及输出管互为延长管。包装支架由将包装定位的夹爪和密封头形成。
进行充注过程前，先将充注头空间及可撕膜的外表面消毒。这用蒸汽进口阀进行。另一个安排在充注头底侧的阀，一方面在消毒时清除蒸汽，另一方面在充注完毕后清除余液。这两阀位于液流进口和出口管的轴线，和调节液体输送速度的阀的轴线形成的平面的两侧，或在平面的同一侧的平行位置，并垂直于进液及排液管的轴线。显然在注液前也须对进液管及出液管消毒。
本发明的装置中，输液速度调节阀的轴线，和蒸汽进口阀轴线，及蒸汽出口及排空阀的轴线，形成40°-80°角。
本发明装置的主要优点，是提出一种充注系统，在一个动作，也就是用一次推动中撕去外膜，同时使液体灌入包装。
输液速度调节阀的下部，起将进液关闭和开放的作用。开口为截头圆锥形或圆柱形。如液体中含块体，以选圆柱形较好，因为在关阀时，块体卡塞的机会很小。关闭口上的密封件放在阀底部，或放在液体进入包装的开口上。
输液速度调节阀的底部还有切割装置。如液中不含块体，以选用径向和垂直向的切割器为佳，例如用两垂直放置的切割器作切割装置。但是也可以设置两个以上的切割器。如液中含块体，以选用有U形切割器的切割装置为宜，这时在输液管和包装之间设中间液流腔。
最少可设想到两种类型的包装：带咀有内封膜的包装，如附图及专利EP72699号所示，或有注咀而无内封膜的包装。在这情况下，通过直接将袋表面和注咀密封，封闭包装。
输液速度调节阀有柔性膜或伸缩管形膜，在液体通口和纯物理性部分之间形成液密。
在放入一个未充注的包装时，还使蒸汽进口阀至少有部分开放，防止细菌感染。
利用本发明的充注装置可以构成完全无菌的生产线，至少有两个上述的装置串联安排。最好设二至八个充注装置。
下文参照附图对发明作较详细的叙述，附图如下：
图1为本发明装置的剖视，进液阀处于关阀位置。
图2为图1中第一实施方案沿Ⅱ-Ⅱ线的局部剖视，进流阀处于开放位置。
图3为图1中第二实施方案沿Ⅱ-Ⅱ线的局部剖视，示进液阀处于开放位置。
图4为图3沿Ⅳ-Ⅳ线的剖视。
图5为本发明第三方案的剖视。
图6为图5沿Ⅵ-Ⅵ线的剖视。
号1标示的充注头的进液管和出液管2，3，一个输送速度控制阀4，一个蒸汽进口阀5，和排放余液的蒸汽出口阀及排空阀6。阀5及6的塞可用气动系统或相似系统（未示）推移。
一个包装7有一个带可撕膜9的注咀8，一个封闭膜10放在充注头的下方，在注咀8上局部密封，使充注仍可进行。包装由夹爪11夹定，其下面布置密封头31，在充注完毕后将包装封闭。密封头有密封环12。
充注头有柔性膜13，夹在用锁紧环16固定在一起的两个部分14，15之间。这柔性膜用有高机械稳定性和热稳定性的聚四氟乙烯，或橡胶或任何柔性材料制造。阀4的塞可用气动系统或类似系统（未示）将其在套筒17之间垂直移动。
膜13的中心有孔，由阀4的塞在里面通过。阀塞有三个部分：有一个上部件18，用螺栓21将夹持柔性膜13的部件19拧入其中，锁紧螺丝22保证良好夹持，从而保证膜13的液密。最后，阀塞有一个下部20，用螺栓23拧入元件19中。这个部分20有锥形部51，用于作包装充注的开关。有一个密封件24，和两个垂直安排的径向切割器25。这些切割器形成一个中点26，使膜9的切割还可进一步改进。一个环形突出部27，在切割件25向下移动，以及在消毒时，有效夹持膜9。可设置若干同心环形突出部，进一步改进膜9的夹持。在图1，2及3的情况下，供液体通过的开口28为截头圆锥形。这开口还形成圆锥体51的插座。
装置的运转如下：
当阀4在关闭位置（图1）上，包装7放妥时，充注头空间52及膜9由蒸汽进口阀5开放，进行消毒。蒸汽通过管29到达。通过管30和阀6排出。消毒完毕后，两个阀5及6关闭，阀4开放（图2）。元件20下降，切割器25切开可撕去的膜9。同时，释放液体，通过开口28注入包装7。显然在充注时，密封头31在其降低的位置上。充注完成时，密封头上升，阀5及6开放，蒸汽将剩余液体推送，从管30排出。在清洁作业中或以后，密封环12受热，封闭包装7。然后夹爪11将包装放松。
为防止充注头空间感染，在更换包装时保持蒸汽进口阀5开放或半开放。
图3及4示本发明第二方案的装置。与图1及2中相同的元件用相同的标图号标志。这装置与图1及2所示不同，蒸汽进口阀32和蒸汽出口阀及排空阀33，放在进液管及出液管的轴线和输液速度调节阀轴线形成的平面的同侧。除此以外均与前一方案相似。阀32及33的塞用同一驱动装置的力推动，例如用单一的气动系统（未示）推动。因此，这表现了超过图1及2所示的主要优点。每一阀塞有一个密封件34及35，和不同形状的阀针36及37。蒸汽通过管39进入，管40排出。由于阀32及33的塞有同一驱动装置，故同步滑动。
有不同阀针36及37的优点如下：当阀32及33在充注头空间消毒后，或在清洁后关闭时，阀32先关闭，便有可能将蒸汽或剩余液体从管40排出。其余的运转和图1及2相同。
图5及6示本发明装置的第三方案，其切割器有特殊形状。这形状尤其适合在包装中充注含块体的液体。由于包装及密封头与图1至4中的相同，故用同标图号标志。进液管41用阀42关闭。这阀有一个U形切割器43。充注头44有管41及包装7的注咀8之间的中间腔45。阀46有蒸汽进口管48，而阀47有排空管49。应注意阀46及47迭放而不并列。也可有单一的驱动装置，将其同步开放及关闭。运转方式与图1至4相同。充注头空间及膜9通过打开阀46及47作消毒。然后再将这些阀关闭，而进液阀42开放。阀42向下移动时，切割器43切开膜9，进行注液。尤其在有块体时，腔45使流体顺利流动。注液完成后，阀42关闭，将中间腔45清洁。然后将密封头31升高，密封环12将封闭膜10在注咀8上密封。不用封闭膜时，用包装的壁直接在注咀8上密封。
因此，可将图1至6所示的类型的若干装置，在无菌充注生产线上串联。
因此本发明提出一种消毒非常可靠的装置，其设计比本领域中已知的装置简单，而在可撕开的膜上作非常干净的切割。

Claims (14)

1、在设有带可撕去的外膜的注咀的包装中，作流体的无菌充注的方法，包括将包装消毒并封闭，充注头空间和可撕去的膜的外部也都消毒，特征在于将可撕外膜切开，同时在包装中注入流体，充注过程完毕后，切断输送液流，引入蒸汽或消毒气体，将充注头空间中的剩余流体排入排空管，蒸汽及消毒气体在排出液流的横向上引入。
2、如权利要求1中所述的方法，而特征为将充注头空间在135及156℃及2至6大气压的蒸汽中消毒2至30秒钟。
3、如权利要求1中所述的方法，而特征为充注循环完毕后，用温度120至150℃的1至4大气压的蒸汽，或压力为0.5至3大气压的环境温度的消毒气体，喷射0.5至2秒种。
4、进行权利要求1至3中所述方法的装置，有一个充注头，一个放在充注头下方的包装支架，其设计为在充注循环完毕后将包装封闭，充注头有一个阀，调节输液速度，而特征为有一个进液管和出液管;在液体输入及输出管轴线的横向上，布置在充注头底部的一个蒸汽输入阀和一个有蒸汽出口和排空管的阀，因为输液速度调节阀的下部，起液流关闭和开放的作用在充注循环终了时进行清洁作业，有切割装置，在该阀开放时切开可撕的膜。
5、如权利要求4中所述之装置，而特征为蒸汽进口阀和蒸汽出口及排空阀，放在进液管及出液管轴线和输液速度调节阀轴线形成的平面的两侧，和进液管及出液管的轴线垂直。
6、如权利要求4中所述之装置，而特征为蒸汽进口阀和蒸汽出口及排空阀，在进液管及出液管轴线和输液速度调节阀轴线形成的平面的同一侧上平行放置，而与进液口及出液口的轴线垂直。
7、如权利要求4至6中任何项所述之装置，而特征为输液速度调节阀的轴线，和蒸汽进口阀轴线及蒸汽出口及排空阀轴线形成40至80°角。
8、如权利要求4至6中任何项所述之装置，而特征为将液体注入包装的充注头的开口为截头圆锥形或圆柱形。
9、如权利要求4至8中任何项所述之装置，而特征为切割装置由径向及垂直向的切割器形成。
10、如权利要求4至8中任何项所述之装置，而特征为切割装置由U形切割器形成，在进液管及出液管出口和包装之间，有一个中间液流腔。
11、如权利要求4至10中任何项所述之装置，而特征为包装有带内封闭膜的注咀。
12、如权利要求4至10中任何项所述之装置，而特征为包装有注咀而无内封闭膜。
13、如权利要求4至12中任何项所述之装置，而特征为输液速度调节阀有柔性膜或伸缩管膜。
14、一种无菌充注管路，特征在于至少有两个串联的装置，装置类型如权利要求4至13中任何项所述。
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