CN104285564A - Planting device and planting method for rape blanket-shaped seedling full-automatic transplanting machine - Google Patents
Planting device and planting method for rape blanket-shaped seedling full-automatic transplanting machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN104285564A CN104285564A CN201410454324.2A CN201410454324A CN104285564A CN 104285564 A CN104285564 A CN 104285564A CN 201410454324 A CN201410454324 A CN 201410454324A CN 104285564 A CN104285564 A CN 104285564A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a planting device for a rape blanket-shaped seedling full-automatic transplanting machine, wherein the planting device comprises a machine frame, and a soil-loosening and joint-cutting assembly, a soil covering press assembly and a planting arm which are fixedly arranged on the machine frame; the soil-loosening and joint-cutting assembly is fixed on a main beam of the machine frame, and joint-cutting and soil-loosening functional components are corrugated plates; the soil covering press assembly comprises a soil covering press bracket and a soil covering press wheel assembly; the soil covering press assembly adopts a lever structure to adjust a rotation angle of the soil covering press bracket along a horizontal rotation shaft, so as to preliminarily adjust the height of the soil covering press wheel assembly; the soil covering press wheel assembly is rotatingly fixed on the soil covering press bracket, and adjusts a rotation angle through a fixing mode of springs and limiting shafts, so as to precisely adjust the height of soil covering press wheels; the soil-loosening and joint-cutting assembly, the planting arm and the soil covering press assembly are arranged from front to back orderly. The planting device adapts to rape transplanting soil characteristics, solves problems of rape transplanting with soil and reliable seedling erecting under conditions that soil of a field after rice harvesting is high in viscosity and poor in liquidity, and improves the efficiency of rape transplanting in multiple times.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant feed unit, particularly relate to a kind of plant feed unit of rape blanket seedling Automatic Transplanter, belong to rape transplantation technique field.
Background technology
Rape is the most important oil crop of China, and long-term cultivated area is more than 7,000,000 hectares, and rape seed gross yield, more than 1,000 ten thousand tons, all occupies first place in the world.Rape seed is China's important food plant oil source, accounts for 55% of domestic edible vegetable oil.China's edible vegetable oil imbalance between supply and demand is given prominence to, existing 65% dependence on import.Therefore, Rape-seed production is developed significant to guarantee China edible oil safety.
The Yangtze river basin is winter rape district the biggest in the world, the rape producing region that Ye Shi China is the most concentrated, and cultivated area accounts for about 85% of the whole nation.Yangtze river basin winter rape major part adopts rice-oil or rice-rice-oil tanker to do, because crops for rotation are nervous, field growth period is not enough, therefore more than 60% planting patterns that must adopt seedling raising and transplanting, guarantee grain and rape are done with reasonable, realizes stable and high yields and there is important function.
Semi-automatic transplanter and even Plug seedling Automatic Transplanter are all trench diggings or play cave transplanting, rely on trench digging or the next steady seedling of the natural back flow of mellow soil in small, broken bits after beating cave, then by suppressing solid seedling.But for the heavy soil that rice harves is later, all cannot reach soil state in small, broken bits, loose, flowable by any whole ground means of ploughing, the crop that existing transplanter all cannot be applicable under heavy soil condition is transplanted.In addition, semi-automatic transplanter by people's work point seedling, feed seedling limit velocity 45 strains/second, operating efficiency is extremely low.Semi-automatic and Automatic Transplanter be not suitable with heavy soil transplant and semi-automatic transplanter operating efficiency low be its biggest obstacle applied of restriction, many-sided research and probe achieves no breakthrough for many years.
The transplanter of prior art is generally nonirrigated farmland semi-automatic transplanter, and its operation principle adopts trench digging or beats cave, dropped into by rice shoot in ditch or in cave, make the upright field planting of pot seedling by the soil refluxed around, then by the solid seedling of suppression of soil mechanism compacting; This kind of transplanter all will rely on the natural back flow of mellow soil in small, broken bits to fix rice shoot, realizes steady seedling, then by suppression of soil, realizes solid seedling.But, for the heavy soil that rice harves is later, all cannot reach soil state in small, broken bits, loose, flowable by any whole ground means of ploughing, so this transplanter all cannot be applicable to the rape transplanting under heavy soil condition.
Transplanting method for the transplanter of rice transplanting is directly inserted in wet soft soil by rice shoot, also cannot adapt to the later heavy soil of rice harves.
Publication No. is that the Chinese patent literature of CN102870537A discloses one " rape method for transplanting and special transplanter ", and this transplanter is a kind of rape-transplanting machine of blanket seedling, does not disclose its concrete transplantation device and process of planting.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are: existing dry land transplanter, generally be not suitable with the heavy soil that rice harves is later, all cannot reach soil state in small, broken bits, loose, flowable by any whole ground means of ploughing, thus can not meet this type of soil condition needed for transplanter operation; Transplanting method for the transplanter of rice transplanting is directly inserted in wet soft soil by rice shoot, also cannot adapt to the later heavy soil of rice harves; Existing Semi-automatic machine for transplanting bare saplings operating efficiency is low, full-automatic pot seedling transplanter for rape transplant operating cost too high, be all not suitable for rape transplant.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A plant feed unit for rape blanket seedling Automatic Transplanter, comprises in frame, described frame and is fixed with the joint-cutting assembly that loosens the soil, suppression of soil assembly, transplant arm; The described joint-cutting assembly that loosens the soil is fixed on frame main beam, and the functional part that its joint-cutting loosens the soil is wave disc; Suppression of soil assembly comprises suppression of soil support, suppression of soil wheel assembly, and suppression of soil assembly adopts lever construction to regulate suppression of soil support along the rotational angle of its horizontal rotating shaft, and then the preliminary height regulating suppression of soil wheel assembly; Suppression of soil wheel assembly rotates and is fixed on the support of suppression of soil, and regulates rotational angle by the fixed form of spring and limit shaft, and then the height of fine adjustment suppression of soil wheel; Described suppression of soil wheel is that a pair axial line intersects and not coaxial wheel body; The described joint-cutting assembly that loosens the soil, transplant arm, suppression of soil assembly are sequentially arranged from front to back.
The main feature of the technical program is: for the ins and outs of the later heavy soil of rice harves, for the object improving the efficiency that rape is transplanted, select to adopt wave disc to carry out joint-cutting, the very thin thickness of wave disc, the speed of joint-cutting and efficiency are very high, the width of the finedraw of excision can be less than seedling block width, joint-cutting resistance is quite little, joint-cutting efficiency is quite high, after joint-cutting, rape blanket seedling inserts in finedraw rapidly by transplant arm, suppression of soil assembly carries out suppression of soil rapidly, thus the transplanting completing rapidly rape blanket seedling is planted, this cover plant feed unit is the soil characteristics of planting for rape, and the jointing width that rape is planted required, the intensity of suppression of soil, specially designed plant feed unit, solve the technical barrier that the low and heavy soil of rape transplanting efficiency for a long time can not be transplanted.And provide optimizing structure of a set of suppression of soil, by the upper-lower height tentatively regulated and fine adjustment twice adjustment can regulate suppression of soil to take turns accurately simultaneously.
Further, described frame is also provided with executes water device.
Further, the head of the front end transplanting rod of described transplant arm is fixedly installed anti-adhesion block rubber.
Further, wave disc is according to the width demand inclination certain angle that cracks.
Further, described suppression of soil assembly comprises suppression power regulating arm, and suppression power regulates limiting plate, and the front end of suppression power regulating arm is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of suppression of soil support, and the rotating shaft of suppression of soil support is fixed on frame main beam by clip is rotating; By regulating the different clamped positions of suppression power regulating arm in suppression power adjustment limiting plate, regulate the rotational angle of the rotating shaft of suppression of soil support, and then the preliminary height regulating suppression of soil wheel assembly.
Further, the front portion of the suppression of soil wheel of described press wheel assembly is also provided with and hangs native plate, is scraped off by the earth sticked on wheel body.
A kind of method for planting of above-mentioned rape blanket seedling Automatic Transplanter, along with rape blanket seedling Automatic Transplanter driven forward, the heavy soil of wave disc after rice harves outputs one finedraw, the width of described finedraw is slightly less than the seedling block width W that seedling pin scales off, rape blanket seedling inserts in finedraw by transplant arm, suppression of soil wheel assembly carries out suppression of soil, executes water device and carries out Shi Shui.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1) adapt to the soil characteristics that rape is transplanted, solve heavy soil poor fluidity, the vertical insecure problem of seedling.
2) efficiency that rape is transplanted greatly is improved.
3) rape is transplanted respond well.
4) suppression of soil assembly regulates and fine adjustment through preliminary, easy to adjust, accurate.
5) before former rice trans-planter separate inserts mechanism seeding pushing bar, increase soft rubber, because rubber is out of shape when stressed, can prevent soil adhesion on transplanting rod, be designed cleverly by this, effectively eliminate the earth of the adhesion of transplanting rod front end.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of the rape blanket seedling Automatic Transplanter of loading transplantation device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the overall structure schematic diagram of transplantation device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of joint-cutting assembly and frame main beam of loosening the soil.
Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of joint-cutting assembly of loosening the soil.
Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of suppression of soil assembly.
Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of suppression of soil wheel assembly.
Fig. 8 is the profile of suppression of soil wheel assembly.
Fig. 9 is the structure chart of transplant arm.
Figure 10 is the schematic perspective view of the rape blanket seedling Automatic Transplanter of loading transplantation device of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of blanket seedling, and in figure, W represents seedling block width.
In figure: 1. loosen the soil joint-cutting assembly, 2. frame main beam, 3. suppression of soil assembly, 4. transplant arm, 101. wave disc, 102. wave disc linking arms, the Connection Block of 103. wave disc linking arms, 301. suppression power regulating arms, 302. suppression power regulate limiting plate, 303. clips, 304. suppression of soil supports, 305. suppression of soil wheel assemblies, 305a. bearing pin, 305b. Connection Block, 305c. split pin, 305d. regulating shaft with holes, 305e. spring, 305f. hangs native plate, and 305g. suppression of soil is taken turns, 305h. bracing frame.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention is further described.
See Fig. 1-2, the plant feed unit of a set of applicable rape blanket seedling of the present embodiment design.Mainly comprise 3 major parts: joint-cutting wave disc of loosening the soil assembly 1, get seedling and plant parts and suppression of soil assembly 3.
See Fig. 3-4, the joint-cutting assembly 1 that wherein loosens the soil specifically comprises the parts such as joint-cutting wave disc 101 of loosening the soil, wave disc link arm 102, connection seat 103.
See Fig. 5-7, suppression of soil assembly specifically comprises the parts such as suppression of soil wheel assembly 305, suppression of soil support 304, suppression power regulating arm 301, suppression power adjustment limiting plate 302.
Joint-cutting wave disc 101 of loosening the soil is arranged in frame by link arm 102, be placed in transplant arm 4 dead ahead, suppression of soil wheel assembly 305 is arranged on suppression of soil support 304, often row a pair press wheel, in falling " eight " word layout, lower wheel is bulldozed towards inner side compacting, press wheel top is provided with spring 305e, suppression power can be automatically adjusted for different soils situation, suppression power regulating arm 301 is equipped with in suppression of soil support 304 front, suppression of soil can be regulated to take turns in the position of vertical direction, thus regulate suppression power size.
Realize especially by following scheme:
General thought is: first carry out loosening the soil, opening narrow slit before planting mechanism, then blanket seedling block is planted in narrow slit, rely on the counter-force of narrow slit both sides soil elastic-plastic deformation by upright for seedling block field planting, by the two-wheel suppression of soil assembly tilted to the inside, the soil on Miao Gou both sides is pushed to around rice shoot, the solid seedling of compacting again, solves heavy soil poor fluidity, the vertical insecure problem of seedling.
Specifically:
Loosen the soil joint-cutting part-structure: see Fig. 3,4, loosen the soil joint-cutting ripple assembly 1 by wave disc link arm 102, Connection Block 103 be bolted on frame main beam 2, wave disc link arm 102 has row's installing hole, can be used for the high and low position regulating wave disc to install, thus regulate and to loosen the soil the joint-cutting degree of depth.
Plant mechanism section: as shown in Figure 9, in the front portion of transplant arm transplanting rod 401, anti-adhesion block rubber 402 is housed, can prevent transplanting rod from seedling block is pushed transplanting rod end clay in soil course.
Suppression of soil part-structure: see Fig. 5-8, suppression of soil wheel assembly 305 is by suppression of soil support 304 and clip 303 connection frame girder 2, and be wherein that pine is connected with clip 303 junction, the steel pipe of suppression of soil support 303 is free to rotate in clip.Suppression of soil support 303 is connected with suppression power regulating arm 301, may be stuck in the spacing draw-in groove in suppression power adjustment limiting plate 302, by changing suppression power regulating arm 301 in the position of different draw-in groove, the steel pipe of suppression of soil support 304 can be made to rotate in clip, thus regulate the high and low position of suppression of soil wheel.
See Fig. 7, at Connection Block, 305h is upper connects bracing frame 305b by bearing pin 305b, and bracing frame 305b can rotate around bearing pin 305a, bracing frame 305b connects a regulating shaft 305d with holes, and regulating shaft 305d with holes connects a spring 305e between frame and bracing frame 305b.Inserting different holes on regulating shaft 305d with holes by split pin 305c can the position of rotation of adjusting support frame 305b and initial force value.In time working, frame drops to certain altitude, and soil gives nylon wheel 305g reaction force and spring 305e is compressed.The elastic force that spring 305e produces makes nylon wheel 305g compacting soil.Bracing frame 305b is welded with clean-up scraper 305f, the wet soil be bonded in the process of moving on nylon wheel 305g can be wiped off.
Main innovate point:
1, mechanism is transplanted all different with rice transplanter from existing dry land transplanter.Existing dry land transplanter is substantially all trench digging (or beating cave), rice shoot is put in ditch (cave), to be refluxed by soil natural or soil is pushed to rice shoot rice shoot is uprightly fixed by casing mechanism, then by suppression of soil mechanism by soil compaction.Rice transplanter makes by after transplanting mechanism seedling taking, carries seedling block and directly inserts in mud and complete operation of planting.And the transplanter of this patent indication is a kind of transplanting mechanism completely newly, have employed the mode that seedling-send seedling-planting mechanism integration got by rice transplanter, that is get, send, plant link and all completed by a set of planting mechanism.Vertical seedling mechanism is different from existing facility, this transplanter seedling block is directly planted (soil block is got in narrow slit) in narrow slit, rely on the counter-force of narrow slit both sides soil elastic-plastic deformation by upright for seedling block field planting, by the two-wheel suppression of soil assembly tilted to the inside, the soil on Miao Gou both sides is pushed to around rice shoot, the solid seedling of compacting again, solves heavy soil poor fluidity, the vertical insecure problem of seedling.
2, have many installing holes above wave disc link arm, can be used for adjusting by change installing hole the height of joint-cutting wave disc of loosening the soil, thus regulate the degree of depth of the joint-cutting that loosens the soil, to be applicable to different soil condition and rice shoot specification.
3, the press wheel degree of depth, town pressure adjustable.As previously mentioned, suppression of soil support 304 is connected with suppression power regulating arm 301, may be stuck in the spacing draw-in groove in suppression power adjustment limiting plate 302, by changing suppression power regulating arm 301 in the position of different draw-in groove, the steel pipe of suppression of soil support 304 can be made to rotate in clip, thus regulate the high and low position of suppression of soil wheel.Explain, in Fig. 5, frame main beam 2 is fixed on transplanter, frame main beam is connected with clip 303, steel pipe can rotate in clip 303, is up lifted by suppression power regulating arm 301 in the draw-in groove snapped in suppression power adjustment limiting plate 302, because steel pipe rotates in clip, 4 cover press wheels next can be made to move down, then press wheel just increases soil packing power.
Press wheel assembly 305 itself also has the spring 305e of pressure-adjustable strength simultaneously, as shown in Figure 7.Split pin 305c is inserted in holes different in regulating shaft 305d with holes, can the pretightning force of regulating spring, thus regulate the suppression power of press wheel.
4, before former rice trans-planter separate inserts mechanism seeding pushing bar, increase soft rubber, because rubber is out of shape when stressed, can prevent soil adhesion on transplanting rod, be designed cleverly by this, effectively eliminate the earth of the adhesion of transplanting rod front end.
Generally speaking, the present embodiment is for the ins and outs of the later heavy soil of rice harves, for the object improving the efficiency that rape is transplanted, select to adopt wave disc to carry out joint-cutting trench digging, the very thin thickness of wave disc, the speed of joint-cutting and efficiency are very high, the width of finedraw of excision can be less than the seedling block width W that seedling pin scales off, joint-cutting resistance is quite little, joint-cutting efficiency is quite high, after joint-cutting, rape blanket seedling inserts in finedraw rapidly by transplant arm, suppression of soil assembly carries out suppression of soil rapidly, thus the transplanting completing rapidly rape blanket seedling is planted, this cover plant feed unit is the soil characteristics of planting for rape, and the jointing width that rape is planted required, the intensity of suppression of soil, specially designed plant feed unit, solve the technical barrier that rape transplanting efficiency is low for a long time.
Claims (7)
1. a plant feed unit for rape blanket seedling Automatic Transplanter, is characterized in that:
Comprise in frame, described frame and be fixed with the joint-cutting assembly (1) that loosens the soil, suppression of soil assembly (3), transplant arm (4);
The joint-cutting assembly (1) that loosens the soil described in some is fixed on the frame main beam (2) of horizontally set, and the functional part that its joint-cutting loosens the soil is wave disc (101);
Suppression of soil assembly (3) comprises suppression of soil support (304), suppression of soil wheel assembly (305), suppression of soil assembly (3) adopts lever construction to regulate suppression of soil support (304) along the rotational angle of its horizontal rotating shaft, and then the preliminary height regulating suppression of soil wheel assembly (305);
Suppression of soil wheel assembly (305) rotates and is fixed on suppression of soil support (304), and regulate rotational angle by the fixed form of spring (305e) and limit shaft (305d), and then the height of fine adjustment suppression of soil wheel (305g);
Described suppression of soil wheel (305g) is that a pair axial line intersects and not coaxial wheel body;
The described joint-cutting assembly (1) that loosens the soil, transplant arm (4), suppression of soil assembly (3) are sequentially arranged from front to back.
2. plant feed unit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described frame is also provided with and executes water device.
3. plant feed unit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the head of the front end transplanting rod (401) of described transplant arm (4) is fixedly installed anti-adhesion block rubber (402).
4. plant feed unit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: wave disc (101) is according to cracking width demand inclination certain angle.
5. plant feed unit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described suppression of soil assembly (3) comprises suppression power regulating arm (301), suppression power regulates limiting plate (302), the front end of suppression power regulating arm (301) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of suppression of soil support (304), and the rotating shaft of suppression of soil support (304) is fixed on frame main beam (2) by clip (303) is rotating;
By regulating the different clamped positions of suppression power regulating arm (301) in suppression power adjustment limiting plate (302), regulate the rotational angle of the rotating shaft of suppression of soil support (304), and then the preliminary height regulating suppression of soil wheel assembly (305).
6. plant feed unit as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: it is characterized in that: the front portion of suppression of soil wheel (305h) of described press wheel assembly (305) is also provided with clean-up scraper (305f), is scraped off by the earth sticked on wheel body.
7. a method for planting for the rape blanket seedling Automatic Transplanter of power described in 2, is characterized in that:
Along with rape blanket seedling Automatic Transplanter driven forward, the heavy soil of wave disc (101) after rice harves outputs one narrow slit, the width of described narrow slit is slightly less than the seedling block width (W) that seedling pin scales off, rape blanket seedling inserts in finedraw by transplant arm (4), suppression of soil wheel assembly (305) carries out suppression of soil, executes water device and carries out Shi Shui.
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| CN201410454324.2A CN104285564B (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2014-09-05 | Planting device and planting method for rape blanket-shaped seedling full-automatic transplanting machine |
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| CN201410454324.2A CN104285564B (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2014-09-05 | Planting device and planting method for rape blanket-shaped seedling full-automatic transplanting machine |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN104782287A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-07-22 | 遵义县润田农机专业合作社 | Full-planting and full-inserting mechanical rice seedling transplanting method for hilly and mountainous rice fields |
| CN105917806A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-09-07 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Earthing press wheel mechanism steplessly adjustable in rice growing stubble field angle |
| CN107094406A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-08-29 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of dry land transplanter is put a lodged plant upright soil protector |
| CN108738384A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-06 | 长丰县新开农业机械有限公司 | A kind of reshaping device and ridging reshaping device |
| CN111226554A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-06-05 | 雷海燕 | Earthing suppression device for transplanter |
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| CN108738384A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-06 | 长丰县新开农业机械有限公司 | A kind of reshaping device and ridging reshaping device |
| CN108738384B (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2023-11-10 | 长丰县新开农业机械有限公司 | Ridge trimming device and ridging and ridge trimming device |
| CN111226554A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-06-05 | 雷海燕 | Earthing suppression device for transplanter |
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