CN104275124B - Microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor - Google Patents
Microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104275124B CN104275124B CN201410473094.4A CN201410473094A CN104275124B CN 104275124 B CN104275124 B CN 104275124B CN 201410473094 A CN201410473094 A CN 201410473094A CN 104275124 B CN104275124 B CN 104275124B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/04—Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
- B01J19/122—Incoherent waves
- B01J19/126—Microwaves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00539—Pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00139—Controlling the temperature using electromagnetic heating
- B01J2219/00141—Microwaves
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor, including reactor body of heater, reactor body of heater is connected with the pressue device for pressurizeing to reactor furnace intracoelomic cavity, reactor body of heater is connected with for the microwave generating apparatus to reactor furnace intracoelomic cavity feed-in microwave, microwave generating apparatus includes the microwave source for sending microwave and for microwave source sends the waveguide of feed-in in reactor furnace body of microwave, waveguide with the connecting portion of reactor body of heater on equipped with for isolating reactor furnace intracoelomic cavity pressure and penetrate the interrupter of microwave in reactor furnace body.The high-pressure leakage that interrupter is possible to prevent in reactor furnace body causes the destruction of microwave source to even leaking into microwave source in microwave generating apparatus, microwave source penetrates microwave by interrupter to reactor furnace intracoelomic cavity simultaneously, the most do not affect the normal feed-in of microwave, can be good at again completely cutting off high pressure.Can be widely used for chemical industry, environmental protection, metallurgy, drug and food processing and other fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fluid bed fluid microwave heating equipment field, especially, relate to a kind of microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor.
Background technology
Fluidized-bed reactor is that one utilizes gas or liquid to make solid particle be in suspended motion shape by granular solids layer
State, go forward side by side circulation of qi promoting solid state reaction process or the reactor of liquid and solid phase reaction process.In course of reaction, to reaction temperature, pressure
All there is the highest requirement.Traditional fluidized-bed reactor employing inner chamber laying adds heat pipe and heats, and range of temperature is big, and
And add tube surface and easily adhere to material, cause attachment material burning, be pasted onto to add and on heat pipe, be difficult to the problems such as cleaning, have influence on
In stove, actual temperature controls, and temperature is difficult to ensure that.
Microwave is described as " second flames of the mankind ".Compared with traditional mode of heating, there is firing rate fast, homogeneous heating,
Material absorbs the features such as microwave spontaneous heating.A lot of application and research surface, microwave a lot of chemical reactions are had raising response speed,
Reduce the non-thermal effects such as reaction temperature.Owing to microwave heating has above-mentioned, microwave heating is substituted traditional conduction of heat and adds
Heat is applied in fluidized-bed reactor, will have the highest value.But, owing to the structure of microwave generating apparatus limits, at stream
But cannot ensure for internal pressure while effectively utilizing microwave in the cavity of fluidized bed reactor, cause high-pressure when
Easily microwave generating apparatus is damaged.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at providing a kind of microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor, to solve existing microwave fluidized-bed reactor due to micro-
The structure of wave generating device limits, and for internal pressure but cannot while effectively utilizing microwave in the cavity of fluidized-bed reactor
Ensure, cause the technical problem easily microwave generating apparatus damaged high-pressure when.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor, including reactor body of heater, reactor body of heater is connected with for reactor furnace intracoelomic cavity
The pressue device of pressurization, reactor body of heater is connected with for the microwave generating apparatus to reactor furnace intracoelomic cavity feed-in microwave, and microwave is sent out
Generating apparatus includes the microwave source for sending microwave and for the microwave ripple of feed-in in reactor furnace body sent by microwave source
Lead, waveguide with the connecting portion of reactor body of heater on equipped with being used for isolating reactor furnace intracoelomic cavity pressure and in reactor furnace body
Penetrate the interrupter of microwave.
Further, interrupter includes for isolating reactor furnace intracoelomic cavity pressure and penetrating the folded of microwave in reactor furnace body
Close sealing coat, for importing microwave to reactor furnace intracoelomic cavity and preventing the excessive metal interface pipe of microwave and for isolating heat
Thermal insulation layer；Overlapping sealing coat is the plastic layer overlapped successively, pressure glassy layer and plastic layer, and overlapping sealing coat is outer sheathed
The U-shaped metal flange of hollow, plastic layer, pressure glassy layer and plastic layer is had to be superimposed on the hollow of U-shaped metal flange successively
Position；First closure of overlapping sealing coat is on the microwave feed-in mouth of waveguide, and second closure of overlapping sealing coat connects at metal
On the opening of mouth pipe the first end, the second logical reactor furnace intracoelomic cavity of termination of metal interface pipe；Thermal insulation layer is placed in metal interface pipe
In cavity.
Further, interrupter is to be fixed in the pressure glassy layer in the feed-in mouth of waveguide feed-in reactor body of heater and/or resistance to compression moulding
The bed of material；Interrupter is provided with for isolating heat the heat insulation layer through microwave on the end face of reactor body of heater.
Further, microwave generating apparatus is set to one, the waveguide feed-in mouth orientating reaction device of the microwave source of microwave generating apparatus
Body of heater lumen centers is arranged；Or microwave generating apparatus is set to multiple, microwave source with the direction of engagement of waveguide at adjacent two
It is mutually perpendicular on microwave generating apparatus arrange, and the feed-in direction deviation reactor furnace intracoelomic cavity of the waveguide engaged with microwave source
Center, deviation distance is the odd-multiple of microwave wavelength.
Further, microwave source is linked in waveguide by wave transparent pressure-resistant part or pressure blind plate, and the internal face of waveguide encloses formation
Microwave cavity, so that the microwave transparent wave transparent pressure-resistant part of microwave source generation or pressure blind plate enter waveguide cavities and in waveguide
Chamber forms the resonant transmission inner chamber to reactor body of heater.
Further, wave transparent pressure-resistant part is the round bottom test tube body of mouth of pipe band annular flange flange, and the opening of wave transparent pressure-resistant part is towards microwave source
Direction is arranged；Wave transparent pressure-resistant part is pressed in waveguide by hold down gag, and hold down gag is pressed in annular flange flange；Hold down gag
On offer the through hole for making the opening of wave transparent pressure-resistant part connect with microwave source；Through hole matches with the opening of wave transparent pressure-resistant part；
The top of hold down gag is laid with for inserting microwave source and preventing the installation base of microwave leakage along the outer rim of through hole.
Further, the internal diameter of wave transparent pressure-resistant part is the most isometrical or gradual change footpath vertically；The wall body of wave transparent pressure-resistant part is high-purity
Quartz wall, alumina walls, silicon nitride wall, devitrified glass wall, politef wall, perfluoroalkoxy resin wall, modification poly-four
At least one in fluorothene wall, polyether-ether-ketone resin wall.
Further, multiple microwave generating apparatus are arranged at the side of reactor body of heater；Or multiple microwave generating apparatus are along reaction
The centrage of device body of heater is arranged symmetrically in the both sides of reactor body of heater, microwave source with the direction of engagement of waveguide at two relative microwaves
It is mutually perpendicular on generating means arrange.
Further, the upper end of reactor body of heater is set to upper conical structure, and the lower end of reactor body of heater is set to inferior pyramidal structure；
First cone of upper conical structure is upwardly disposed, and the first cone position is provided with fluid discharging mechanism；Second cone of inferior pyramidal structure
Point is arranged down, and the second cone position is provided with fluid feed mechanism, is provided with fluid distribution plate in inferior pyramidal structure；Reactor furnace
It is provided with solids exit mechanism in the upper portion side wall of body, the lower sides of reactor body of heater is provided with feeding-in solid body mechanism.
Further, reactor body of heater is additionally provided with pressure tester and temperature measuring equipment, reactor body of heater is also circumscribed with integrating control
Device.
The method have the advantages that
Microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor, is pressurizeed in reactor furnace body by pressue device, forms the high pressure in reactor furnace body
Environment；By arranging microwave generating apparatus on reactor body of heater, by microwave generating apparatus feed-in microwave in reactor furnace body,
Form the hot environment in reactor furnace body；Sending microwave by microwave source, the microwave feed-in sent by microwave source by waveguide is anti-
Answer device body of heater inner chamber；By arranging interrupter at the connecting portion of waveguide Yu reactor body of heater, prevent the height in reactor furnace body
Pressure even leaks into microwave source in leaking into microwave generating apparatus and causes the destruction of microwave source, simultaneously microwave source by interrupter to
Reactor furnace intracoelomic cavity penetrates microwave, does not the most affect the normal feed-in of microwave, can be good at again completely cutting off high pressure.By microwave
What electromagnetic field forced the polar molecule in material carries out ordered arrangement from unordered, and during electric field high frequency conversion, polar molecule is fast
Speed rotates, and mutually friction generates heat, and material is from inner and outer heat together.Have that the thermal efficiency is high, temperature control rapidly, reaction rate
Hurry up, the feature of homogeneous temperature, sanitation and hygiene.It is simultaneously achieved and achieves microwave compressive reaction at fluidized-bed reactor, improve
Microwave equipment range.Can be widely used for chemical industry, environmental protection, metallurgy, drug and food processing and other fields.
In addition to objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention also has other objects, features and advantages.Below
Will be with reference to figure, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing of the part constituting the application is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, the illustrative examples of the present invention and
Its explanation is used for explaining the present invention, is not intended that inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is one of structural representation of microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the microwave generating apparatus combinative structure schematic diagram with interrupter of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the two of the structural representation of the microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the microwave source structural representation with waveguide connecting portion of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the overlapping sealing coat of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Marginal data:
1, reactor body of heater；101, upper conical structure；102, inferior pyramidal structure；2, microwave generating apparatus；201, microwave source；
202, waveguide；3, interrupter；301, overlapping sealing coat；302, metal interface pipe；303, thermal insulation layer；4, wave transparent is resistance to
Casting die；401, annular flange flange；402, round bottom test tube body；5, hold down gag；6, fluid discharging mechanism；7, fluid feed machine
Structure；8, solids exit mechanism；9, feeding-in solid body mechanism；10, pressure tester；11, temperature measuring equipment；12, through hole；13, peace
Dress boss；14, fluid distribution plate；15, gasket seal.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described in detail, but the present invention can by limit and cover multiple
Different modes is implemented.
Fig. 1 is one of structural representation of microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；Fig. 2 is that the present invention is excellent
Select the microwave generating apparatus of embodiment and the combinative structure schematic diagram of interrupter；Fig. 3 is the microwave stream of the preferred embodiment of the present invention
The two of the structural representation of change bed high-pressure reactor；Fig. 4 is the microwave source knot with waveguide connecting portion of the preferred embodiment of the present invention
Structure schematic diagram；Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the overlapping sealing coat of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor of the present embodiment, including reactor body of heater 1, reactor body of heater
1 is connected with the pressue device for pressurizeing to reactor body of heater 1 inner chamber, and reactor body of heater 1 is connected with for reactor body of heater 1 inner chamber
The microwave generating apparatus 2 of feed-in microwave, microwave generating apparatus 2 includes the microwave source 201 for sending microwave and for by microwave
The waveguide 202 of the microwave that source 201 sends feed-in in reactor body of heater 1, waveguide 202 is at the connecting portion with reactor body of heater 1
On equipped with for isolating reactor body of heater 1 chamber pressure and penetrate the interrupter 3 of microwave in reactor body of heater 1.Microwave fluidizes
Bed high-pressure reactor, is pressurizeed in reactor body of heater 1 by pressue device, forms the environment under high pressure in reactor body of heater 1；Logical
Cross and microwave generating apparatus 2 is set on reactor body of heater 1, by microwave generating apparatus 2 feed-in microwave in reactor body of heater 1,
Form the hot environment in reactor body of heater 1；Microwave is sent, by waveguide 202 by microwave source 201 by microwave source 201
Microwave feed-in reactor body of heater 1 inner chamber gone out；By arranging interrupter 3 at the connecting portion of waveguide 202 with reactor body of heater 1,
Prevent high-pressure leakage in reactor body of heater 1 from causing microwave source 201 to even leaking into microwave source 201 in microwave generating apparatus 2
Destruction, microwave source 201 penetrates microwave by interrupter 3 to reactor body of heater 1 inner chamber simultaneously, is not just the most affecting microwave
Often feed-in, can be good at again completely cutting off high pressure.Having from unordered of polar molecule in material is forced by the electromagnetic field of microwave
Sequence arranges, and during electric field high frequency conversion, polar molecule quick rotation, mutually friction generates heat, and material is from inner and outer one
Play heating.Have thermal efficiency height, temperature control is rapid, reaction rate is fast, the feature of homogeneous temperature, sanitation and hygiene.Simultaneously in fluidisation
Bed reactor achieves microwave compressive reaction, improves microwave equipment range.Can be widely used for chemical industry, environmental protection, metallurgy,
Drug and food processing and other fields.
The microwave that microwave generating apparatus 2 produces is absorbed by rectangular waveguide feed-in reactor body of heater 1, the material in reactor body of heater 1
Microwave heats up, and is controlled the material turnover amount of reaction by solid, liquid discharging system, is passed through the detection of pressure detecting explosion protection system
Force information back to integrated manipulator, and by adjustment instruction send to fluid feed system, carry out pressure adjustment.Temperature is examined
The temperature information of detection is fed back to integrated manipulator by examining system, microwave adjustment instruction transmission is filled by integrated manipulator to microwave
Put 2, adjust the microwave power of microwave generating apparatus 2 feed-in, it is achieved 0～1300 DEG C of technological temperature controls the safe operation with equipment.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, in the present embodiment, interrupter 3 includes for isolating reactor body of heater 1 chamber pressure
And in reactor body of heater 1, penetrate the overlapping sealing coat 301 of microwave, for importing microwave to reactor body of heater 1 inner chamber and preventing micro-
Metal interface pipe 302 that ripple is excessive and for isolating the thermal insulation layer 303 of heat.Overlapping sealing coat 301 is the plastics overlapped successively
Bed course, pressure glassy layer and plastic layer.The U-shaped metal flange a of hollow it is arranged with outside overlapping sealing coat 301.Micro-for preventing
Ripple leaks.As it is shown in figure 5, plastic layer, pressure glassy layer and plastic layer are superimposed on the hollow of U-shaped metal flange a successively
Position, U-shaped metal flange a two ends have been fitted and connected flange b respectively.For solving the problem that atmospheric pressure seals, to ensure stream
State powder body can not enter microwave source 201, prevents microwave source 201 from being damaged by high pressure in pressure is sealed in reactor body of heater 1 simultaneously.
The thermostability of plastic spacer is compared with the poor heat resistance of glass, and general heat resisting temperature is about 300 DEG C, but its pressure better performances；And glass
The heat resisting temperature of glass is higher, if the upper limit temperature of heat tolerance of quartz glass is 1200 DEG C, therefore uses the mode of combination to carry out, permissible
Improve heat resisting temperature, it is possible to reduce penetrating of the gross thickness of encapsulant, beneficially microwave.Preferably, can individually use resistance to
High-pressure glass or plastic spacer seal.First of overlapping sealing coat 301 blocks on the microwave feed-in mouth of waveguide 202,
Second of overlapping sealing coat 301 blocks on the opening of metal interface pipe 302 first end, the second end of metal interface pipe 302
Connect reactor body of heater 1 inner chamber.Thermal insulation layer 303 is placed in the cavity of metal interface pipe 302.Preferably, interrupter 3 with
Stuffed heat insulated wave permeation layer between reactor body of heater.
In the present embodiment, interrupter 3 is the pressure glassy layer being fixed in the feed-in mouth of waveguide 202 feed-in reactor body of heater 1
And/or pressure-resistant plastic layer.Interrupter 3 is provided with for isolating heat and through microwave on the end face of reactor body of heater 1
Heat insulation layer.Preferably, stuffed heat insulated wave permeation layer between interrupter 3 and reactor body of heater.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, in the present embodiment, microwave generating apparatus 2 is set to one, microwave generating apparatus 2
Waveguide 202 feed-in mouth orientating reaction device body of heater 1 lumen centers of microwave source 201 is arranged.Or microwave generating apparatus 2 is set to
Multiple, microwave source 201 is mutually perpendicular on two adjacent microwave generating apparatus 2 with the direction of engagement of waveguide 202 arrange, and
And the center of feed-in direction deviation reactor body of heater 1 inner chamber of the waveguide 202 engaged with microwave source 201.Feed-in direction is deviateed
The odd-multiple that deviation distance is microwave wavelength of reactor body of heater 1 lumen centers.Deviation distance refers in reactor body of heater 1 inner chamber
The heart is inclined to the vertical dimension in the feed-in direction of waveguide 202 feed-in reactor body of heater 1, i.e. waveguide 202 feed-in reactor body of heater 1
Eccentric throw from reactor body of heater 1 center.The free molecular flow of the material in reactor body of heater 1 is affected by microwave field, and dipole is fixed
Swinging with the speed of the most several hundred million times per second to arrangement and with high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field, molecule is along with the electromagnetic field of high frequency being continually changing
Change direction re-start ordered arrangement, must pull against molecule crude oil warm-up movement and the interference of intermolecular interaction simultaneously, from
And produce the friction of fierceness, in this course, microwave energy is the heat energy of dielectric material, shows as the rising of temperature of charge,
Thus form the heating of material.By cooperating of pressue device and microwave generating apparatus 2, under environment under high pressure, utilize microwave
Uniformly heating, the quality after the thermal efficiency is high, sintering velocity is fast, good evenness, degree of compaction are high, material processes is high；Microwave,
Fluid bed, pressure triplicity realize the strengthening acted on each other, it is achieved homogeneous reaction, and promote reaction to carry out, shorten reaction week
Phase.Uniform, the Fast Sintering of baroque high density component can be realized.Waveguide 202 feed-in of single microwave generating apparatus 2
The center arrangement of mouth orientating reaction device body of heater 1, microwave forms microwave field in reactor body of heater 1 inner chamber, reactor body of heater 1
Center is the center of microwave field, and being in the free molecular flow of the material in reactor body of heater 1 is affected generation free charge by microwave field and transport
Dynamic loss, bound charge turn to the dielectric loss such as polarization loss and heterointerface loss, thus reach from electric energy to heat energy straight
Switching through, carries out the uniform heating of material.When the multiple microwave source of needs 201 provides the high-power energy to carry out microwave heating, adopt
On two adjacent microwave generating apparatus 2, it is mutually perpendicular to the mode arranged with the direction of engagement of waveguide 202 with microwave source 201,
The odd-multiple that deviation distance is microwave wavelength at deviation reactor body of heater 1 center, feed-in direction of microwave simultaneously, to ensure each feed-in
The microwave energy of mouth is formed and effectively shakes rather than cancel out each other, thus improves the service efficiency of microwave source 201, it is to avoid beats arc etc. and shows
The Problem of Failure of the non-life termination of microwave source 201 as causing.
As shown in Figure 4, in the present embodiment, microwave source 201 is linked into waveguide 202 by wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4 or pressure blind plate
In.The internal face of waveguide 202 encloses formation microwave cavity, so that the microwave transparent wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4 that microwave source 201 produces
Or pressure blind plate enters waveguide 202 inner chamber and forms the resonant transmission inner chamber to reactor body of heater 1 at waveguide 202 inner chamber.Instead
The microwave feed-in mouth answering device body of heater 1 inner chamber uses waveguide 202 to carry out microwave feed-in, utilizes microwave saturating from wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4 wall body
The mode entered is fed into coming from the microwave that microwave source 201 sent in waveguide 202 inner chamber, utilize waveguide 202 wall body and
The wall body of wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4 bears the gas pressure coming from reactor body of heater 1, forms reactor body of heater 1 inner chamber to microwave source
The second resistance to compression protection of 201, effectively prevents gas from overflowing from the microwave feed-in mouth of reactor body of heater 1 inner chamber and passing through interrupter
3 penetrate into the gases at high pressure in waveguide 202 inner chamber.Microwave transmission is carried out by the combinative structure of wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4 with waveguide 202
The resistance to compression of position, effectively prevents the situation that air-flow leaks, thus ensures gas pressure and the internal temperature of reactor body of heater 1 inner chamber,
Can effectively stop that air-flow passes through waveguide 202 and enters into microwave source 201 disabler caused in microwave source 201 simultaneously.Waveguide
The internal face of 202 encloses formation microwave cavity, and the microwave transparent wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4 that microwave source 201 sends enters into waveguide 202
In, and enclose formation microwave resonance intracavity at the internal face of waveguide 202 and form resonance, thus by microwave transfer to target cavity,
Realize the microwave energy-feeding to reactor body of heater 1 inner chamber.Preferably, the wall body of waveguide 202 uses pressure wall body.
As shown in Figure 4, in the present embodiment, wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4 is the round bottom test tube body 402 of mouth of pipe band annular flange flange 401.Round bottom
Test tube body 402 is that construction profile is as the structural feature of round bottom test tube.Annular flange flange 401 is used for providing hold down gag 5 fixing and tight
Means of press seals action plane on wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4.The opening of wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4 is arranged towards microwave source 201 direction.Wave transparent
Pressure-resistant part 4 is pressed in waveguide 202 by hold down gag 5, and hold down gag 5 is pressed in annular flange flange 401.By arranging
Annular flange flange 401, to improve the contact area in compaction process, improves the air-tightness of connecting portion.The round bottom of wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4
The opening of test tube body 402 is towards microwave source 201, and round bottom is towards pressure waveguide 202, at the gas passed over by target cavity
During body pressure, by round bottom construction resistance to compression, round bottom construction expands the contact area with air-flow, and by progressively expanding outside
The stream pressure dividing potential drop step by step that footpath size will be subject to, anti-pressure ability is higher.Offer on hold down gag 5 for making wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4
The through hole 12 that connects with microwave source 201 of opening.Through hole 12 matches with the opening of wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4.Thus reduce microwave source
201 pass through the wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4 obstruction to pressure waveguide 202 energy regenerative, improve microwave feed-in rate.The aperture of through hole 12 is
20mm-30mm.Preferably, the aperture of through hole 12 is 26mm.Preferably, the bottom of hold down gag 5 is fitted with gasket seal
15, hold down gag 5 is pressed on the upper of wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4 by gasket seal 15.Thus improve the air-tightness of link position.Pressure
The top of tight device 5 is laid with for inserting microwave source 201 and preventing the installation base 13 of microwave leakage along the outer rim of through hole 12.
Preferably, the boss height of installation base 13 is 1mm, and width is 3mm.For embedding the bottom of microwave source 201, and with
Copper packing compression fit bottom microwave source 201 connects, and effectively prevents microwave leakage.
As shown in Figure 4, in the present embodiment, the internal diameter of wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4 is the most isometrical or gradual change footpath vertically.Preferably,
Wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4 uses gradual change gauge structure.When using the round bottom test tube body 402 in gradual change footpath, spout diameter and pipe tail internal diameter phase
Difference 3mm-5mm, thus improve wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4 and come from the gas pressure of target cavity, it is in wave transparent pressure-resistant part simultaneously
The microwave source antenna of 4 inner chambers normally works from effects of air pressure.The wall body of wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4 be high purity quartz wall, alumina walls,
Silicon nitride wall, devitrified glass wall, politef wall, perfluoroalkoxy resin wall, modified Teflon wall, polyether-ether-ketone
At least one in resin wall.The wall body of wave transparent pressure-resistant part 4 can use a type of wall body, or uses polytype
Wall body is superimposed with each other.Above-mentioned wall body material is existing material.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, in the present embodiment, multiple microwave generating apparatus 2 are arranged at the side of reactor body of heater 1.
Or multiple microwave generating apparatus 2 are arranged symmetrically in the both sides of reactor body of heater 1 along the centrage of reactor body of heater 1.Microwave source
201 are mutually perpendicular to arrange with the direction of engagement of waveguide 202 on two relative microwave generating apparatus 2.To ensure each feed-in mouth
Microwave energy is formed and effectively shakes rather than cancel out each other, thus improves the service efficiency of microwave source 201, it is to avoid beats the phenomenons such as arc and leads
The Problem of Failure of the non-life termination of microwave source 201 caused.
As it is shown in figure 1, in the present embodiment, the upper end of reactor body of heater 1 is set to upper conical structure 101, reactor body of heater 1
Lower end is set to inferior pyramidal structure 102.First cone of upper conical structure 101 is upwardly disposed, and the first cone position is provided with fluid
Discharging mechanism 6.Second cone of inferior pyramidal structure 102 is arranged down, and the second cone position is provided with fluid feed mechanism 7, under
Fluid distribution plate 14 it is provided with in pyramidal structure 102.Solids exit mechanism 8 it is provided with, instead in the upper portion side wall of reactor body of heater 1
Answer and on the lower sides of device body of heater 1, be provided with feeding-in solid body mechanism 9.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, in the present embodiment, reactor body of heater 1 is additionally provided with pressure tester 10 and temperature measuring equipment 11.Instead
Answer and on device body of heater 1, be also circumscribed with integrated manipulator.
During enforcement, feeding-in solid body mechanism 9, solids exit mechanism 8, fluid feed mechanism 7, fluid discharging mechanism 6, pressure inspection
Survey explosion protection system (pressure tester 10, explosion-protection equipment and connected integrated manipulator), microwave generating apparatus 2, temperature measuring equipment 11
By integrated manipulator centralized Control.
What microwave generating apparatus 2 was installed is high-power technical grade magnetron (microwave source 201), and magnetron uses circulating water.
The microwave of magnetron output is fed in reactor body of heater 1 by rectangular waveguide (waveguide 202).Reactor body of heater 1 uses special
High strength heat resistant steel plate is made, and ensures that reactor body of heater 1 has enough strength and stiffness.
Solid material is sent in reactor body of heater 1 by feeding-in solid body mechanism 9, and fluid is entered reactor furnace by fluid feed mechanism 7
Body 1, carries out fluid distrbution through fluid distribution plate 14.Solid suspends in a fluid, absorbs the microwave of microwave generating apparatus 2 feed-in,
Rise to that technique is temperature required reacts.Detection control signal is sent to integrated manipulator, integrating control by pressure detecting explosion protection system
Device adjusts fluid feed mechanism 7, the electrically operated valve of fluid discharging mechanism 6, controls reaction pressure needed for material.Integrated manipulator leads to
Cross the adjustment gas extraction system of pressue device, the electrically operated valve of gas handling system, adjust the pressure in reactor body of heater 1.Pressure detecting
Explosion-protection equipment in explosion protection system controls the upper pressure limit that reactor body of heater 1 is born.
By temperature measuring equipment 11 feedback temperature information to integrated manipulator, integrated manipulator sends control information to microwave generating apparatus
2, adjust the microwave feed-in power of each position magnetron, it is achieved the technological temperature of sintered material controls.
The fluidisation height of bed that the present device rate of heat addition is fast, the thermal efficiency is high, the temperature difference is uniform, temperature control is rapid, can realize under microwave field
Pressure reaction, has the advantage improving response speed, reduction reaction temperature etc. not available for existing agglomerating plant to partial reaction.
Microwave, fluid bed, pressure triplicity can realize chemical industry, oil, metallurgy, field of Environment Protection pressurized gasification, pressure synthesis
Deng technological operation.First, microwave heating body mode of heating can realize the most overall heat temperature raising of material, therefore, it is possible to effectively contract
Short reaction cycle, and in chemical field, often there is non-thermal effect in organic microwave reaction, can effectively facilitate be synthesized and
Improve product purity.Secondly, the feature of fluidization is to make to be fully contacted between reactant and moment completes reaction.Again,
Pressurized operation is a kind of a kind of process intensification technique to reacting with the presence of gas.Can realize after triplicity acting on each other is strong
Change, it is achieved homogeneous reaction, and promote reaction to carry out, shorten reaction time.
Reactor body of heater 1 takes into account microwave heating and the requirement of fluid bed fluosolids formation simultaneously.Microwave heating is by heat penetration
Limitation, i.e. when body of heater radius exceedes the material maximum heating degree of depth, the instantaneous mass of center cannot be directly heated by microwave
And conduction of heat heating can only be realized by the fluosolids of continuous disturbance.But because different material its microwave field wave-sucking performance not
With, the maximum gauge of reactor is depending on the wave-sucking performance of material.Additionally body of heater draw ratio is to form the weight of stable density fluosolids
Want factor.Therefore microwave and fluid bed can realize microwave heating and the formation of fluid bed fluosolids by controlling body of heater draw ratio.
The realization of reactor body of heater 1 pressure, carries out pressure sealing to reactor body of heater 1.Wherein, mainly by pressure body of heater,
Gas handling system, system of giving vent to anger, pressure detecting and control system combine realization.Pressure seals and includes: on reactor body of heater 1
Gas handling system, system of giving vent to anger, temp measuring system, pressure detecting system and microwave generation system and the encapsulation process of body of heater junction；
The encapsulation process of fire door.In the necessary factor of above-mentioned composition is pressure body of heater, in addition to the sealing of microwave generation system, all existing maturation
Technique can realize.And the hyperbar sealing of microwave generation system is the bottleneck place of micro-wave pneumatic equipment, this is because at present should
The pressure of more than 0.3MPa can not be born with the most ripe microwave feed-in structure, and in current feed-in structure, the effect of blind plate
It is low pressure seal and prevents dust, volatile matter, steam etc. from entering microwave generation system thus ensure the normal work of microwave generator
Make.
Microwave generation system: use microwave generating apparatus 2.Because the process of fluid bed visual response material needs to be divided into multi-segment structure,
And when segmentation its nominal diameter of every section unequal, the microwave source 201 on the most each section can be single or multiple.Single
During microwave source 201, microwave feed-in mouth is arranged on the centre position of body of heater side；And when needing multiple microwave sources 201 to provide big merit
During rate, microwave feed-in mouth is distributed according to certain rules in body of heater side.The long limit of two the most adjacent microwave feed-in mouths is mutually perpendicular to,
Disalignment is the odd-multiple of wavelength.Formed with the microwave energy of each feed-in mouth of guarantee and effectively shake rather than cancel out each other, thus
Improve the service efficiency of microwave source 201, it is to avoid beat the Problem of Failure of the microwave source 201 non-life-span end of a period that the phenomenons such as arc cause.Separately
Outward, due to equipment pressure-resistant treatments it is crucial that the pressure design of microwave generating apparatus 2.Therefore this patent uses at reactor body of heater 1
Seal with pressure glass and plastic spacer with waveguide 202 junction, additionally use the connected mode of mechanical seal at connector,
To ensure that the realization of body of heater high pressure does not damage microwave source 201.
Temp measuring system: thermocouple temperature measurement or infrared measurement of temperature (temperature measuring equipment 11) can be used.When using thermocouple temperature measurement, need to be by heat
Galvanic couple inserts the position in heat-insulation system near sintering region from burner hearth, to ensure accurate thermometric.When using infrared measurement of temperature,
Need to arrange on body of heater can the infrared temperature measurement window (thermometric window use pressure infrared glass seal) of high pressure sealing, infrared measurement of temperature
Instrument is connected on thermocouple temperature measurement seat.Thermocouple temperature measurement seat can also replace with infrared measurement of temperature seat.Above two thermometric mode is both needed to
Multi-point combination formula observing and controlling temperature to be used, to ensure the uniformity of sintering temperature field, region.
Pressure detecting and control system: use pressure tester 10, explosion-protection equipment and integrated manipulator combination to be formed.Due to pressure
Therefore sensor can be needed to arrange wave suppression device in pressure detecting position by microwave interference, and this wave suppression device can be single hole or close
The metallic plate of cloth circular aperture, it can be ensured that the accuracy of pressure detecting.
Microwave generation system produces microwave, and is transmitted to microwave oven body by waveguide 202, and microwave and material effect realize polarity
Molecule carry out ordered arrangement from unordered.After microwave feed-in body of heater forms microwave field, in microwave field, the free molecular flow of material rotates
Affected by microwave field to be produced from and turned to the dielectric loss such as polarization loss and heterointerface loss by charge movement loss, bound charge,
And reach the direct conversion from electric energy to heat energy.When without microwave field effect, medium dipole, is distributed in a jumble, when entering microwave field
After, dipole orientations arranges, and along with high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field swings with the speed of the most several hundred million times per second.Molecule is along with constantly
The change direction of the electromagnetic field of high frequency of change re-starts ordered arrangement, is necessary for overcoming the original warm-up movement of molecule and intermolecular phase
The interference of interaction, produces fierce friction.In this course, microwave energy is the heat energy of dielectric material, macro manifestations
Rising for dielectric material temperature.Microwave equipment is as a kind of firing equipment, and its microwave generation system produces microwave efficiency and micro-
Ripple is changed into the design of the efficiency of the heat energy microwave generation system concrete with equipment and microwave cavity and there is direct relation, i.e. realizes micro-
Efficiently utilizing of wave energy is relevant with the design of the design of microwave system and reaction cavity.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for those skilled in the art
For, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of being made, etc.
With replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor, including reactor body of heater (1),
Described reactor body of heater (1) is connected with the pressue device for pressurizeing to described reactor body of heater (1) inner chamber,
It is characterized in that,
Described reactor body of heater (1) is connected with for filling to the microwave of described reactor body of heater (1) inner chamber feed-in microwave
Put (2),
Described microwave generating apparatus (2) includes the microwave source (201) for sending microwave and for by described microwave source
(201) microwave sent is the waveguide (202) of feed-in in described reactor body of heater (1),
Described waveguide (202) with the connecting portion of described reactor body of heater (1) on equipped with being used for isolating described reactor
Body of heater (1) chamber pressure also penetrates the interrupter (3) of microwave in described reactor body of heater (1)；
Described interrupter (3) includes for isolating described reactor body of heater (1) chamber pressure and to described reactor furnace
The overlapping sealing coat (301) of microwave is penetrated, for importing microwave also to described reactor body of heater (1) inner chamber in body (1)
Prevent the excessive metal interface pipe (302) of microwave and for isolating the thermal insulation layer (303) of heat；
Described overlapping sealing coat (301) is plastic layer, pressure glassy layer and the plastic layer overlapped successively,
The U-shaped metal flange of hollow it is arranged with, plastic layer, pressure glassy layer and mould outside described overlapping sealing coat (301)
Sarking is superimposed on the hollow position of described U-shaped metal flange successively；
First of described overlapping sealing coat (301) blocks on the microwave feed-in mouth of described waveguide (202),
Second of described overlapping sealing coat (301) blocks on the opening of described metal interface pipe (302) first end,
Second logical described reactor body of heater (1) inner chamber of termination of described metal interface pipe (302)；
Described thermal insulation layer (303) is placed in the inner chamber of described metal interface pipe (302).
Microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described interrupter (3) is for being fixed in the feed-in mouth of reactor body of heater (1) described in described waveguide (202) feed-in
Pressure glassy layer and/or pressure-resistant plastic layer；
Described interrupter (3) is provided with for isolating heat and passing through on the end face of described reactor body of heater (1)
The heat insulation layer of microwave.
Microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described microwave generating apparatus (2) is set to one, and described waveguide (202) feed-in mouth is towards described reactor body of heater
(1) lumen centers is arranged；Or
Described microwave generating apparatus (2) is set to multiple, described microwave source (201) and the joint of described waveguide (202)
Direction be mutually perpendicular on two adjacent described microwave generating apparatus (2) arrange, and with described microwave source (201)
The center of described reactor body of heater (1) inner chamber, deviation distance are deviateed in the feed-in direction of the described waveguide (202) engaged
Odd-multiple for microwave wavelength.
Microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor the most according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that
Described microwave source (201) is linked in described waveguide (202) by wave transparent pressure-resistant part (4) or pressure blind plate,
The internal face of described waveguide (202) encloses formation microwave cavity so that described microwave source (201) produce micro-
Ripple enters described waveguide (202) inner chamber and in described waveguide through described wave transparent pressure-resistant part (4) or described pressure blind plate
(202) inner chamber forms the resonant transmission inner chamber to described reactor body of heater (1).
Microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
Described wave transparent pressure-resistant part (4) is round bottom test tube body (402) of mouth of pipe band annular flange flange (401),
The opening of described wave transparent pressure-resistant part (4) is arranged towards microwave source (201) direction；
Described wave transparent pressure-resistant part (4) is pressed in described waveguide (202) by hold down gag (5),
Described hold down gag (5) is pressed in described annular flange flange (401)；
Opening and the described microwave source (201) for making described wave transparent pressure-resistant part (4) is offered on described hold down gag (5)
The through hole (12) of connection；
Described through hole (12) matches with the opening of described wave transparent pressure-resistant part (4)；
The top of described hold down gag (5) is laid with for inserting described microwave source (201) along the outer rim of described through hole (12)
And prevent the installation base (13) of microwave leakage.
Microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
The internal diameter of described wave transparent pressure-resistant part (4) is the most isometrical or gradual change footpath vertically；
The wall body of described wave transparent pressure-resistant part (4) is high purity quartz wall, alumina walls, silicon nitride wall, devitrified glass wall, gathers
At least one in tetrafluoroethene wall, perfluoroalkoxy resin wall, modified Teflon wall, polyether-ether-ketone resin wall.
Microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor the most according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that
Multiple described microwave generating apparatus (2) are arranged at the side of described reactor body of heater (1)；Or
Multiple described microwave generating apparatus (2) are arranged symmetrically in described reaction along the centrage of described reactor body of heater (1)
The both sides of device body of heater (1),
Described microwave source (201) with the direction of engagement of described waveguide (202) at two relative described microwave generating apparatus
(2) it is mutually perpendicular on arrange.
Microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor the most according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that
The upper end of described reactor body of heater (1) is set to upper conical structure (101),
The lower end of described reactor body of heater (1) is set to inferior pyramidal structure (102)；
First cone of described upper conical structure (101) is upwardly disposed, and described first cone position is provided with fluid discharging machine
Structure (6)；
Second cone of described inferior pyramidal structure (102) is arranged down, and described second cone position is provided with fluid feed machine
Structure (7), is provided with fluid distribution plate (14) in described inferior pyramidal structure (102)；
Solids exit mechanism (8), described reactor body of heater (1) it is provided with in the upper portion side wall of described reactor body of heater (1)
Lower sides on be provided with feeding-in solid body mechanism (9).
Microwave fluid bed high-pressure reactor the most according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that
Pressure tester (10) and temperature measuring equipment (11) it is additionally provided with on described reactor body of heater (1),
Integrated manipulator also it is circumscribed with on described reactor body of heater (1).
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| CN108311066B (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2021-04-13 | 四川大学 | Microwave treatment multiphase fluidized bed reactor and process for treating phosphogypsum |
| CN108212043A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-06-29 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of microwave catalyst regeneration reactor |
| CN109046185A (en) * | 2018-07-14 | 2018-12-21 | 深圳市星聚工业自动化有限公司 | A kind of microwave boiling reactor |
| CN108675291A (en) * | 2018-07-14 | 2018-10-19 | 深圳市星聚工业自动化有限公司 | A kind of graphene oxide microwave reduction stripping off device |
| CN108715445A (en) * | 2018-07-14 | 2018-10-30 | 深圳市星聚工业自动化有限公司 | A kind of microwave gas diffusion method expanded graphite expanding apparatus |
| DE202018104455U1 (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2019-11-08 | Milestone S.R.L. | Pressure vessel with high pressure window |
| CN108970557A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-11 | 湖南行者环保科技有限公司 | Material reaction device |
| CN112973597A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-18 | 江苏麦克威微波技术有限公司 | Microwave device and system for treating liquid |
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