HTHP microwave chemical reactor
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of chemical device that utilizes microwave energy technology to promote chemical reaction, relates in particular to a kind of microwave chemical reaction equipment that can bear high temperature, high pressure.
Background technology
1967, N.H.Williams report utilized microwave to accelerate the experiment of chemical reaction, and people start to pay attention to utilizing microwave to accelerate and control the research of chemical reaction.Research shows, it is Steam Heating, oil heating and electrical heating that most of synthetic chemistries reactions all need outside heat supply (heating), traditional mode of heating, and this class mode of heating is molecule external heat, exist temperature field inhomogeneous with add the shortcomings such as heat aging hysteresis.Heating using microwave has not only overcome the inhomogeneous shortcoming with adding heat aging hysteresis in temperature field, and when heating microwave can also with molecule in electron interaction and coupling, thereby effectively catalysis, promote chemical reaction, improve yield and selectively, Reaction time shorten, suppresses side reaction.Such as RT is for fourth bulk drug, use heating using microwave, can make synthesis step reduce, yield brings up to 30% by 10% of original traditional approach, and the reaction time foreshortened to about 4 hours by 24 hours.Therefore, microwave not only has a wide range of applications in the field such as petrochemical industry, food chemistry, and also comes into one's own in field of medicine and chemical technology in recent years.
From eighties of last century eighties, chemists carry out microwave in laboratory using commercial microwave oven and accelerate the experiment of chemical reaction and obtained gratifying achievement.More than ten years afterwards, various HTHP microwave chemical reactors are progressively applied to chemical industry, but existing HTHP microwave chemical reactor can only use mostly at normal temperatures and pressures, make the application of microwave chemical be subject to larger restriction.At present, developed the HTHP microwave chemical reactor that part can pressure-bearing abroad, as CEN company, Personal Chemistry company, Milestone company etc., but volume is less, the chemical reaction analysis and research field that can only be used for laboratory, price is very expensive.
And heating using microwave is a kind of brand-new mode of heating, has compared with traditional heating: fast and homogeneous heating, efficient energy-saving, technique advanced person, the plurality of advantages such as easy to control, safe and harmless.Not only be applied at present medicine and chemical industry, be also applied to simultaneously food expanded, dry, de-raw meat and Preservation Treatment; The dehydration of tobacco, desinsection, sterilization treatment; Many industries such as the vulcanization of rubber in industrial production, ore desulfurization, ceramic post sintering, have wide market prospects and economic interests.
Domestic and international widely used microwave chemical reaction equipment, is mostly the case structure of household microwave oven formula at present.In this micro-wave oven, insert the container of depositing reaction cartridge medium, chemical reaction just carries out in this container.Limited by structure and material, the container little (volume of single container is no more than 100mL) of this microwave chemical reaction equipment, microwave power low (being conventionally no more than 1kW), operating temperature and pressure are lower.The microwave reactor of this pattern can only be used for little experiment, can not carry out pilot scale and suitability for industrialized production.And existing microwave reactor can only be applicable to the reaction in nonmetallic vessel under normal temperature and pressure, and needing high temperature or high pressure or the two to coexist, most organic synthesis just can better carry out.
There is following defect in traditional chemical reactor: 1, traditional microwave feed-in structure is only an inserting of microwave passage in microwave feed-in structure and method, its inserting of microwave passage is poor with the closed structure of HTHP microwave chemical reactor, microwave energy enters into HTHP microwave chemical reactor inner chamber and tends to lose a large amount of microwave energies, makes the utilization rate of microwave energy poor; 2, microwave enters into HTHP microwave chemical reactor, and microwave field can not distribute uniformly, makes microwave chemical reaction insufficient, and production efficiency is lower; 3, microwave enters into after HTHP microwave chemical reactor by feedthrough, occurs interference, and the effective rate of utilization of microwave energy is reduced greatly.4, due to the shielding action of metal, so be difficult to realize for the feed-in of bearing microwave in the seal-off pressure container that HTHP, metal material make.5, the sealing property of the ability of high temperature high voltage resistant and processing medium and microwave is all difficult to guarantee.6, the metal pressure container itself that bears HTHP is special equipment, and the safety and reliability of microwave feed-in can not be guaranteed.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the many disadvantages that existing HTHP microwave chemical reactor exists in microwave feed-in structure and microwave reactor overall structure, a kind of HTHP microwave chemical reactor is provided, this reactor has adopted the microwave feedthrough of brand new, and this makes, and microwave feed-in rate is high, the utilization rate of microwave energy is also high; This reactor can high temperature resistant, high pressure, and corrosion-resistant, the pressure-bearing shell of reactor is connected with microwave feed-in structure is airtight, can effectively prevent processing medium and microwave leakage.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of HTHP microwave chemical reactor, comprise have internal cavity structures pressure-bearing shell, be arranged on the stirring system at pressure-bearing shell top and be arranged at the microwave feedthrough on pressure-bearing shell sidewall; Described stirring system is mainly made up of motor, reductor, bearing and agitator, motor is connected with reductor power, agitator power is connected on the power output shaft of reductor, and bearing fit is installed on the top of agitator, and agitator bottom is placed in the internal cavities of pressure-bearing shell; The top of described pressure-bearing shell is provided with material import and export, and the bottom of pressure-bearing shell is provided with leakage fluid dram.
In order to realize better the utility model, described pressure-bearing shell is provided with can detect the pressure indication of pressure-bearing shell intracavity space pressure and become to send and can detect the temperature indication of pressure-bearing shell inner chamber environment temperature and become and send.
Further technical scheme is: on described pressure-bearing shell sidewall, be provided with several liquid level indications and become and send, liquid level indication and change are sent for detection of the level condition of pressure-bearing shell inner chamber and can be regulated pressure-bearing shell inner chamber liquid level, on pressure-bearing shell, be also provided with observation visor, this observation visor is for observing the inner case of pressure-bearing shell.
The utility model provides a kind of preferred microwave feedthrough plan of establishment to be: described microwave feedthrough is evenly arranged some layers in pressure-bearing shell outside, every layer of microwave feedthrough by several lateral arrangement or/and several vertical microwave feedthroughs of arranging form.For the microwave feedthrough that makes every layer does not interfere with each other, the microwave feedthrough of every layer preferably adopts lateral arrangement and two kinds of mode alternative arrangements of vertical layout.
The utility model provides a kind of preferred microwave feedthrough structure technology scheme to be: described microwave feedthrough comprises feedthrough, pressure-bearing end plate and friction top, on pressure-bearing end plate, have connecting through hole A, feedthrough front end is through the connecting through hole A of pressure-bearing end plate; On described friction top, have connecting through hole B, feedthrough is through the connecting through hole B of friction top, and friction top is connected with pressure-bearing end plate is airtight by bolt.
Further technical scheme is: described feedthrough is made up of antenna, baffle plate and wedge successively from front end to rear end; Antenna front end is through the connecting through hole A of described pressure-bearing end plate, and the airtight connecting through hole A inside that is placed in pressure-bearing end plate, the rear end of antenna; Baffle plate is positioned at the centre of pressure-bearing end plate and friction top, and the front end of wedge is through the connecting through hole B of described friction top, and the airtight connecting through hole B inside that is placed in friction top of the front end of wedge; The airtight micro-wave screening ring that is provided with between described friction top and pressure-bearing end plate.
As preferably, described antenna has the transmitting outer surface of elliptical shape, and oval-shaped emitting surface can allow microwave pass through after antenna transmission, improves the feed-in rate of microwave, and in container, sets up uniform microwave field.
Further technical scheme is: between described baffle plate and pressure-bearing end plate, be provided with sealing gasket, sealing pad can allow baffle plate better with the airtight performance of pressure-bearing end plate after being connected.Between described baffle plate and friction top, be provided with sealing gasket, sealing pad can allow baffle plate with friction top the airtight performance after being connected better.
Further technical scheme is: described antenna is provided with boss in the outer surface projection that is positioned at connecting through hole A outside, on described boss, coordinate limited block is installed, this limited block and pressure-bearing end plate removably connect, can allow antenna keep correct position by boss and limited block, the phenomenons such as the anterior tenesmus of antenna, bending can not occur.
As the preferred technical scheme of the utility model be: described pressure-bearing shell is divided into upper shell and lower house by vessel flange by pressure-bearing shell; Described pressure-bearing shell bottom is connected with supporting seat, and described pressure-bearing shell, vessel flange adopt the metal material manufactures such as stainless steel, carbon steel, coloured gold to form.
The utility model provides a kind of preferred agitator structure technical scheme to be: described agitator includes shaft and paddle, and the top power of shaft is connected on the power output shaft of reductor, and the lower end of shaft is connected with paddle.
The utility model is compared compared with prior art, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
(1) the utility model is distributed with some layers of microwave feedthrough in pressure-bearing shell outside, every layer is distributed with several horizontal or vertical microwave feedthroughs, every layer has just formed multiple microwave feed-in mouths like this, and be provided with agitator at inside reactor, entirety makes the medium in reactor be subject to uniform microwave and sufficient chemical reaction.The utility model adopts unique microwave feed-in structure, make microwave enter process in reactor safer, the microwave energy efficiency utilization rate higher, microwave energy entering is also high, and the microwave power of HTHP microwave chemical reactor after microwave feed-in is high: microwave power can reach thousands of watts to hundreds of kilowatts, even higher.
(2) pressure-bearing shell of the present utility model outside be provided with pressure indication and become give, temperature indication and become to send with liquid level indication and become and give, can the monitoring of automation ground, the pressure that shows and regulate pressure-bearing shell inside, temperature, liquid level etc.; On pressure-bearing shell, be also provided with observation visor, this observation visor can be convenient for people to observe the inner case of pressure-bearing shell.
(3) this microwave feedthrough is by airtight being connected on HTHP microwave chemical reactor of pressure-bearing end plate welding, microwave channel in the wedge of feedthrough is connected external microwave, allows external microwave enter into HTHP microwave chemical reactor inner chamber by feedthrough, antenna.The mode of entrance of microwave seals effectively by friction top, baffle plate, bolt, pressure side plate and sealing gasket, has effectively reduced the leakage rate of processing medium and microwave.
(4) the airtight micro-wave screening ring that is provided with between the friction top of this microwave feedthrough and pressure-bearing end plate, this micro-wave screening ring may, from the microwave of pressure-bearing end plate and the leakage of baffle plate junction, allow the microwave of revealing can not leak into the external world from micro-wave screening ring for shielding.
(5) antenna outer surface projection of the present utility model is provided with boss, on this boss, coordinate limited block is installed, this limited block is connected with pressure-bearing end plate is detachable, can allow antenna keep correct position by boss and limited block, and the phenomenon such as front portion tenesmus, bending of antenna can not occur.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is that in the present embodiment, microwave feedthrough is arranged in the structural representation on pressure-bearing shell;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that feedthrough is axially analysed and observe;
Fig. 4 is the microwave feed-in structure schematic diagram of microwave feedthrough.
Wherein, the corresponding name of the Reference numeral in accompanying drawing is called:
1-pressure-bearing shell, 2-supporting seat, 3-vessel flange, 4-stirring system, the indication of 5-pressure and change are sent, 6-observes visor, 7-material import and export, the indication of 8-temperature and change are sent, the indication of 9-liquid level and change are sent, 10-feedthrough, 11-antenna, 12-baffle plate, 13-wedge, 14-pressure-bearing end plate, 15-friction top, 16-bolt, 17-micro-wave screening ring, 18-limited block, 19-boss, 20-converter, 21-leakage fluid dram, 30-magnetron, 41-motor, 42-reductor, 43-bearing, 44-shaft, 45-paddle, 81-temperature inductor, the microwave feedthrough of 101-lateral arrangement, the vertical microwave feedthrough of arranging of 102-, 111-launches outer surface.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail:
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 to 4, a kind of HTHP microwave chemical reactor, comprise have internal cavity structures pressure-bearing shell 1, be arranged on the stirring system 4 at pressure-bearing shell 1 top and be arranged at the microwave feedthrough on pressure-bearing shell 1 sidewall.Stirring system 4 is mainly made up of motor 41, reductor 42, bearing 43 and agitator, motor 41 is connected with reductor 42 power, agitator power is connected on the power output shaft of reductor 42, bearing 43 coordinates the top that is installed on agitator, and agitator bottom is placed in the internal cavities of pressure-bearing shell 1.The external external power source of motor 41, external power source drive motors 41 rotates, and motor 41 drives reductor 42 to work, thereby makes the agitator being connected on reductor 42 rotate stirring action.The top of pressure-bearing shell 1 is provided with material import and export 7, and material import and export 7 is the material import and export in pressure-bearing shell 1 inner chamber.The bottom of pressure-bearing shell 1 is provided with leakage fluid dram 21, and leakage fluid dram 21 is mainly used in the outlet of liquid in HTHP microwave chemical reactor inner chamber.
As shown in Figure 1, pressure-bearing shell 1 is provided with pressure indication and becomes and send 5 and temperature indication and become and send 8, pressure indication and change send 5 can detect pressure-bearing shell 1 intracavity space pressure, temperature indication and change send 8 can detect pressure-bearing shell 1 inner chamber environment temperature, pressure-bearing shell 1 inside is provided with several temperature sensors 81, temperature indication and change send 8 to be connected with temperature sensor 81, and temperature sensor 81 can detect the temperature value of pressure-bearing shell 1 inner each position.
As shown in Figure 1, be provided with several liquid level indications and become and send 9 on pressure-bearing shell 1 sidewall, liquid level refers to liquid level indication and becomes send 9 level condition for detection of pressure-bearing shell inner chamber.On pressure-bearing shell 1, be also provided with observation visor 6, this observation visor 6 is for observing the inner case of pressure-bearing shell 1.
Microwave feedthrough is evenly arranged some layers in pressure-bearing shell 1 outside, every layer of microwave feedthrough by several lateral arrangement or/and several vertical microwave feedthroughs of arranging form.Fig. 2 is the deployment scenarios of one deck microwave feedthrough of the present embodiment, the microwave feedthrough (lateral arrangement is that microwave feedthrough integral level is arranged on pressure-bearing shell 1) that wherein mark 101 is lateral arrangement, mark 102 is the vertical microwave feedthrough (being vertically arranged as microwave feedthrough entirety is vertically arranged on pressure-bearing shell 1) of arranging.For the microwave feedthrough that makes every layer does not interfere with each other, as shown in Figure 2, the microwave feedthrough that the present embodiment is every layer adopts lateral arrangement and two kinds of mode alternative arrangements of vertical layout.
As shown in Figure 4, microwave feedthrough comprises feedthrough 10, pressure-bearing end plate 14 and friction top 15, and pressure-bearing end plate 14 adopts the metal material manufactures such as stainless steel, carbon steel, coloured gold to form.On pressure-bearing end plate 14, have connecting through hole A, feedthrough 10 front ends are through the connecting through hole A of pressure-bearing end plate 14.On friction top 15, have connecting through hole B, feedthrough 10 is through the connecting through hole B of friction top 15, and friction top 15 is connected with pressure-bearing end plate 14 is airtight by bolt 16.As shown in Figure 2, the front end of the feedthrough 10 of the present embodiment is successively through connecting through hole B, connecting through hole A, and the middle part of feedthrough 10 is positioned at connecting through hole B and connecting through hole A inside (the present embodiment adopts interference fit to be placed in its inside).
As shown in Figure 4, feedthrough 10 is made up of antenna 11, baffle plate 12 and wedge 13 successively from front end to rear end.Antenna 11 front ends are through the connecting through hole A of pressure-bearing end plate 14, and the airtight connecting through hole A inside that is placed in pressure-bearing end plate 14, the rear end of antenna 11.Baffle plate 12 is positioned at the centre of pressure-bearing end plate 14 and friction top 15, and the front end of wedge 13 is through the connecting through hole B of friction top 15, and the airtight connecting through hole B inside that is placed in friction top 15 of the front end of wedge 13.The airtight micro-wave screening ring 17 that is provided with between friction top 15 and pressure-bearing end plate 14, this micro-wave screening ring 17, for shielding the microwave that may reveal from pressure-bearing end plate 14 and baffle plate 12 junctions, makes microwave can not leak into the external world from micro-wave screening 17 rings.
As shown in Figure 4, the antenna 11 of the present embodiment has the transmitting outer surface 111 of elliptical shape, oval-shaped emitting surface can allow microwave pass through after antenna 11 transmitting, phase mutual interference between microwave, affects lessly, and can be evenly distributed in container by the transmitting outer surface 111 of antenna 11.
As shown in Figure 4, between baffle plate 12 and pressure-bearing end plate 14, be provided with sealing gasket, sealing pad can allow baffle plate 12 better with the airtight performance of pressure-bearing end plate 14 after being connected.Between baffle plate 12 and friction top 15, be provided with sealing gasket, sealing pad can allow baffle plate 12 better with the airtight performance of friction top 15 after being connected.
Please participate in Fig. 4, antenna 11 is provided with boss 19 in the outer surface projection that is positioned at connecting through hole A outside, as shown in Figure 2, on boss 19, coordinates limited block 18 is installed.This limited block 18 removably connects with pressure-bearing end plate 14, can allow antenna 11 keep correct position by boss 19 and limited block 18, and the phenomenon such as front portion tenesmus, bending of antenna 11 can not occur.On the wedge 13 of the present embodiment, have microwave waveguide, this microwave waveguide is conducive to microwave and enters into antenna 11 and launch.
In the time that actual production is manufactured, on wedge 13 of the present utility model, be connected with converter 20, on converter 20, be connected with magnetron 30, magnetron 30 is originated for microwave feedthrough provides microwave.
As shown in Figure 1, pressure-bearing shell 1 is divided into upper shell and lower house by vessel flange 3 by pressure-bearing shell 1, described pressure-bearing shell 1, vessel flange 3 adopt stainless steel or carbon steel material manufacture to form, and pressure-bearing shell 1 can be divided into upper shell and lower house by vessel flange 3; Open vessel flange 3, just can open upper shell.Pressure-bearing shell 1 bottom is connected with supporting seat 2, and this supporting seat 2 is for supporting whole HTHP microwave chemical reactor.
As shown in Figure 1, agitator includes shaft 44 and paddle 45, and the top power of shaft 44 is connected on the power output shaft of reductor 42, and the lower end of shaft 44 is connected with paddle 45.This agitator is for stirring the material that is positioned at HTHP microwave chemical reactor inner chamber, and paddle 45 can make mixing effect better.
The utility model provides the HTHP microwave chemical reactor of a kind of function admirable, rational in infrastructure, advanced technology, and its concrete structure advantage is as follows:
1, the microwave power of this HTHP microwave chemical reactor after microwave feed-in is high: microwave power can reach thousands of watts to hundreds of kilowatts, even higher.
2, reactor volume is wider: its volume can be raised to tens cubic metres from tens.
3, in reactor, microwave field distribution is even, microwave chemical reactor pressure-bearing shell outside be distributed with some layers of microwave feed-in device, every layer adopts some microwave feed-in devices that distribute, multiple feed-in mouths of microwave are so just formed, and be provided with agitator at inside reactor, entirety makes medium be subject to uniform microwave and sufficient chemical reaction.
4, high temperature resistant, high pressure resistant: reactor itself is exactly a pressure vessel, meet the requirement of national various standard criterions, and be subject to the check of national quality superintendent office.
5, corrosion-resistant: this HTHP microwave chemical reactor can adopt various metal materials to make (various carbon steels, stainless steel and non-ferrous metal), is applicable to various medium.
6, this HTHP microwave chemical reactor can carry out continuous operation, production: can carry out continuous charging and discharging, realize continuous production.
7, automatically control: the power of microwave, pressure, temperature etc. all adopt automatically and control, and can on-line monitoring, demonstration and adjusting.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all any modifications of doing within spirit of the present utility model and principle, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection domain of the present utility model.