CN1042731A - 不可燃润滑液体 - Google Patents

不可燃润滑液体 Download PDF

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CN1042731A
CN1042731A CN88108846A CN88108846A CN1042731A CN 1042731 A CN1042731 A CN 1042731A CN 88108846 A CN88108846 A CN 88108846A CN 88108846 A CN88108846 A CN 88108846A CN 1042731 A CN1042731 A CN 1042731A
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incombustible
polyacrylamide
lubricant liquid
proposed
lubricant
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范迪姆·阿纳托尔维奇·西奥恩克
埃利奥诺拉·弗拉基米尔维奇·德格特依夫
雅克夫·莫伊斯维奇·格林伯格
埃菲米·艾萨克维奇·卡恩英
瓦伊·洛沃维奇·亚斯尼科罗得斯基
安德烈·米福迪维奇·坎特米尔
阿纳托里·德米特里维奇·坎特米尔
弗拉基米尔·尼科拉耶维奇·图责
莱德尔·佩特罗夫纳·塞伊基纳
阿拉·艾纳诺夫纳·格纳力斯科亚
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Heerkefu Kirov Turbine Factory
Heerkefu Turbine Manufacturing Co
KHARKOVSKY AVTOMOBILNO-DOROZHNY IHSTITUT IMENI KOMSOMOLA UKRAINY
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Heerkefu Kirov Turbine Factory
Heerkefu Turbine Manufacturing Co
KHARKOVSKY AVTOMOBILNO-DOROZHNY IHSTITUT IMENI KOMSOMOLA UKRAINY
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Priority to CN88108846A priority Critical patent/CN1042731A/zh
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
    • C10M125/20—Compounds containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M133/08—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M149/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M149/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M149/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
    • C10M2201/083—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen nitrites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/024—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及不可燃润滑剂领域。所提出的不可燃润滑液体含有聚丙烯酰胺和水，同时还含有三羟乙胺和亚硝酸钠，各组分的比例如下(重量％)：
聚丙烯酰胺0.3-0.6
三羟乙基胺0.8-1.5
亚硝酸钠 0.1-0.3
水 余量

Description

本发明涉及润滑剂领域，具体涉及不可燃的润滑液体。本发明可用于轴承，涡轮机的液压控制系统，以及其它类似设备的润滑剂部位。
为了润滑涡轮机轴承以及在涡轮机的液压控制系统中都必需润滑液体，它能保证在轴承的旋转和静止另件之间有一定厚度承压液膜的情况下实现液相摩擦，它还能减小摩擦力，并保证在涡轮机液压控制系统装置中传递液压冲力。
在全世界涡轮机运行实践中，使用矿物涡轮机油作为上述润滑液体（В.Н.Каэанский，“Системы        смаэки        паровых        турбин”，1974年，Энергия，（Москва），С.9，208-211）。
但是，矿物涡轮机油具有很大的缺点-它们是易燃的，并因而是电站火灾的起因。
水基不可燃润滑液体，其中包括直接用水也是公知的。但是，水的粘度低（1厘沲，t＝50℃），这会导致在滑动的液动轴承中，承压润滑膜的厚度不足以可靠地将摩擦面分开，结果引起它们的磨损增加并损坏。
含水和聚乙二醇的不可燃润滑液体是公知的（“Огнестойкие        Турбинные        МасΛа”К.И.Иванова编，1974年，Химия，（Москва），20-22页）。
但是这些液体在一定温度下粘度随时间的稳定性不够，因而不能保证涡轮机的稳定工作。在这些润滑液体中所使用的聚乙二醇还是极稀缺的添加物。
含水和聚丙烯酰胺的润滑液体也是公知的（SU，A，168826）但是这种组合物在一定温度下粘度随时间同样不稳定，并且对碳钢有极强的腐蚀活性，而碳钢正是涡轮机轴承、涡轮机液压系统和其它类似系统的主要结构材料。
本发明的任务是通过将新的组分加入不可燃润滑液体，并且改变它们的数量比例以提高该液体随时间的温度-粘度特性，同时降低其腐蚀活性。
按照本发明，上述任务是这样解决的，本发明所提出的不可燃液体含有聚丙烯酰胺和水，另外还含有三羟乙基胺和亚硝酸钠，各组分的比例如下（重量%）：
聚丙烯酰胺        0.3-0.6
三羟乙基胺        0.8-1.5
亚硝酸钠        0.1-0.3
水        余量
在相同条件下和在相同聚丙烯酰胺浓度下（0.4重量%），所测出的公知不可燃润滑液体（SU，A，168826）和本发明提出的润滑液体对碳钢作用时的腐蚀速度分别等于0.34毫米/年和0.0021毫米/年。因此，本发明所提出的不可燃润滑液体，比上述公知不可燃润滑液体的腐蚀活性小得多。
比公知润滑液体（SU，A，168826）相比较，本发明提出的不可燃润滑液体在一定温度下具有提高的随时间的粘度稳定性。
所提出的不可燃润滑液体保证了涡轮机的可靠工作，保证了防爆和防火，在使用它时也不需要采取保护人员的专门措施。
改变所提出的润滑液体各组分之间比例会导致涡轮机工作的可靠性降低。
所提出的聚丙烯酰胺的浓度受以下情况的制约：当降低聚丙烯酰胺的浓度使其低于上述值时，就不能达到形成足够厚度流体润滑层所必需的粘度。提高聚丙烯酰胺的浓度使其高于所提出的值时，会导致粘度的急剧增加，结果是不能作为工艺润滑液体。
降低三羟乙基胺和NaNO2的浓度使其低于所提出的值时，会导致上述不可燃润滑液体随时间的温度-粘度特性的稳定性被破坏，并提高它对碳钢的腐蚀活性。增加三羟乙基胺和NaNO2的含量使其高于所提出的数值时，会导致本发明提出的润滑液体粘度降低。为了保证必需的粘度就必须补充加入一定量的聚丙烯酰胺，结果是不经济的。
在所提出的不可燃润滑液体中所使用的聚丙烯酰胺可以是凝胶形态（一般浓度为8%），或者是干燥的粉末形态。
所提出的用于涡轮机的润滑液体是用下述方法制备的。向水中加入三羟乙基胺和亚硝酸钠，进行搅拌，然后加入聚丙烯酰胺并搅拌，直至获得所要的产物。
为了更好地理解本发明，下面列出其实施例。
实施例1
所提出的不可燃润滑液体的组成如下（重量%）：
聚丙烯酰胺        0.3
三羟乙基胺        1.5
亚硝酸钠        0.1
水        98.1
用于直径420毫米径向轴承的所提出的不可燃润滑液体是按下述方法制备的。
在容器中装入3吨水，然后加入55.5公斤三羟乙基胺和3.7公斤亚硝酸钠，搅拌并加入72公斤8%的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶或5.8公斤聚丙烯酰胺干粉末，然后再次搅拌所得混合物直至获得目的产物。
所获得的本发明润滑液体的试验结果列于下表，其中包括在10、20、30和40天内使其通过轴承后，在其运转温度的工作范围内（25、50、70℃）所测得的运动粘度。
实施例2
所提出的不可燃润滑液体的组分如下，（重量%）：
聚丙烯酰胺        0.6
三羟乙基胺        0.8
亚硝酸钠        0.1
水        98.5
如实施例1制备本发明所提出的不可燃润滑液体并进行试验。试验结果列于下表。
实施例3
所提出的不可燃润滑液体的组分如下（重量%）：
聚丙烯酰胺        0.6
三羟乙基胺        0.8
亚硝酸钠        0.3
水        98.3
如实施例1制备本发明不可燃润滑液体并进行试验。试验结果列于下表。
实施例4
所提出的不可燃润滑液体的组分如下（重量%）：
聚丙烯酰胺        0.5
三羟乙基胺        1.0
亚硝酸钠        0.2
水        99.3
如实施例1制备所提出的不可燃润滑液体并进行试验。试验结果列于下表。
Figure 881088463_IMG2

Claims (1)

  1. 含聚丙烯酰胺和水的不可燃润滑液体，其特征在于，它另外还含有三羟乙基胺和亚硝酸钠，各组分的比例如下(重量%)：
    聚丙烯酰胺        0.3-0.6
    三羟乙基胺        0.8-1.5
    亚硝酸钠                0.1-0.3
    水                                        余量
CN88108846A 1988-07-25 1988-11-16 不可燃润滑液体 Pending CN1042731A (zh)

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PCT/SU1988/000139 WO1990001057A1 (en) 1988-07-25 1988-07-25 Non-flammable lubricating liquid
CN88108846A CN1042731A (zh) 1988-07-25 1988-11-16 不可燃润滑液体

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EP (1) EP0403648A1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH03501267A (zh)
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WO (1) WO1990001057A1 (zh)

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US5510045A (en) * 1988-07-14 1996-04-23 Diversey Corporation Alkaline diamine track lubricants
US20050027570A1 (en) * 2000-08-11 2005-02-03 Maier Frith Ann Digital image collection and library system
US8895476B2 (en) 2011-03-08 2014-11-25 Tetra Technologies, Inc. Thermal insulating fluids

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US4522733A (en) * 1983-01-31 1985-06-11 American Polywater Corporation Substantially neutral aqueous lubricant
SU1188202A1 (ru) * 1984-03-28 1985-10-30 Украинский Ордена "Знак Почета" Научно-Исследовательский Углехимический Институт Смазочно-охлаждающа жидкость дл механической обработки металлов
DE3447421A1 (de) * 1984-12-24 1986-06-26 Röhm GmbH, 6100 Darmstadt Polymere verdickungsmittel fuer waessrige hydraulikfluessigkeiten
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SU1384611A1 (ru) * 1986-09-05 1988-03-30 Научно-производственное объединение подшипниковой промышленности Раствор дл механической обработки металлов

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EP0403648A1 (de) 1990-12-27
US4978466A (en) 1990-12-18

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