CN104264035A - High-performance nodular cast iron crankshaft and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance nodular cast iron crankshaft and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104264035A CN104264035A CN201410512129.0A CN201410512129A CN104264035A CN 104264035 A CN104264035 A CN 104264035A CN 201410512129 A CN201410512129 A CN 201410512129A CN 104264035 A CN104264035 A CN 104264035A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-performance nodular cast iron crankshaft and a preparation method thereof. The high-performance nodular cast iron crankshaft comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.68-3.78% of C, 2.1-2.3% of Si, 0.31-0.37% of Mn, 0.033-0.038% of P, 0.01-0.015% of S, 0.034-0.039% of Mg, 0.027-0.029% of Re, 0.6-1% of Cu, 0.6-1% of Ni and the balance of Fe. The high-performance nodular cast iron crankshaft is prepared by virtue of an iron-based sand coating process which comprises the following steps: proportionally calculating high-quality pig iron, ordinary iron scraps and nodular cast iron foundry returns for preparation of nodular cast iron and melting in a mediate frequency electric furnace; pressing a ladle; coating an iron mold cavity with sand; nodularizing and inoculating molten iron; pouring nodularized molten iron into a sand-coated iron mold, wherein an inoculant which accounts for 0.17-0.23% of the total weight of molten iron is added together with the molten iron stream at a ladle spout during the pouring by virtue of a funnel, and naturally cooling molten iron to obtain an as-cast nodular cast iron crankshaft; and normalizing the as-cast nodular cast iron crankshaft to obtain the high-performance nodular cast iron crankshaft. The nodular cast iron crankshaft prepared by the preparation method, which is disclosed by the invention, has the advantages of high strength and elongation and good fatigue resistance, abrasion resistance and earthquake resistance and can replace an forged steel crankshaft.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to engine crankshaft and manufacture field, be specifically related to a kind of high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle and system thereof
Making method.
Background technology
Along with country's improving constantly road traffic mechanical drain standard, after diesel motor adopts turbocharging technology, the load that its bent axle bears improves 45%-67%, to the corresponding raising of requirement of crankshaft strength and unit elongation, the performance of common magnesium iron can not meet its service demand, can only adopt wrought alloy steel crank shaft, and wrought alloy steel crank shaft do not have lightweight, the good fatigue property of ductile iron crankshaft and wear-resisting antidetonation advantage.Based on this, be alternative forged steel crankshaft, we have carried out the research work improving ductile iron crankshaft intensity and unit elongation, and achieve certain achievement.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle and manufacture method thereof are provided, this ductile iron crankshaft is by rational proportioning raw materials, effectively improve intensity and unit elongation, and preparation technology is simple, save the energy, reduce the production cost of enterprise.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle, its component raw material comprises C, Si, Mn, P, S, Mg, Re, Cu, Ni and Fe, and the weight percent of each component is: C:3.68 ~ 3.78%, Si:2.1 ~ 2.3%, Mn:0.31 ~ 0.37%, P:0.033 ~ 0.038%, S:0.01 ~ 0.015%, Mg:0.034 ~ 0.039%, Re:0.027 ~ 0.029%, Cu:0.6 ~ 1%, Ni:0.6 ~ 1%, surplus is Fe.
The preferred weight percent of each component is: C:3.7%, Si:2.25%, Mn:0.35%, P:0.035%, S:0.013%, Mg:0.038%, Re:0.029%, Cu:0.8%, Ni:0.8%, and surplus is Fe.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle, comprises the following steps:
A, nodular pig iron, ordinary scrap steel, electrolytic copper, nickel plate, spheroidal graphite cast iron foundry returns, nodulizing agent, nucleating agent to be got ready, stand-by;
B, by calculate the nodular pig iron got ready, ordinary scrap steel and spheroidal graphite cast iron foundry returns are added in middle frequency furnace in proportion, dissolve, in molten iron, C content controls 3.7 ~ 3. 8%, then molten iron is warming up to 1540 DEG C, comes out of the stove and adds in stove by the electrolytic copper got ready, nickel plate in first 5 minutes;
C, the nodulizing agent of molten iron gross weight 0.75 ~ 1% is poured in the rear hole of spheroidization molten iron bag, tamping is stirred with the iron filings of molten iron gross weight 1% and nodulizing agent, take off flat, add silicon iron inoculator (1/2) and the BS-1A nucleating agent (1/2) that granularity is 5 ~ 10mm, silicon content is 75% taking off on flat iron filings, its amount obtains according to charge calculation;
D, in swage die cavity, be evenly covered with one deck resin sand by molding machine, after resin sand solidification, by upper swage and lower swage mould assembling stand-by;
E, will the hot metal ladle handling of nodulizing agent be pressed to middle frequency furnace water solution exit, to pour into before hot metal ladle in hole with the molten iron that step b gets ready by lid bag nodularization method, carry out nodularization, inoculation;
F, nodularization, the molten iron that bred are transported to the place of skimming and skim; then pour into a mould; on bag mouth, add the nucleating agent of molten iron gross weight 0.15-0.2% in casting process with funnel with stream, the molten iron in foundry goods die cavity is naturally cooled to after being less than 700 DEG C, foundry goods of can unpacking out;
G, by cooled foundry goods by normalizing treatment, holding temperature 880 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, is incubated 50 minutes, furnace cooling, to 800 DEG C ± 10, is incubated 50 minutes, cold 10 minutes of mist of coming out of the stove, and stir, the ductile iron crankshaft of a kind of high strength, high-elongation can be obtained after cooling.
The nucleating agent that the ferrosilicon that nucleating agent described in above-mentioned steps is granularity is 0.2 ~ 1mm, silicon content is 75% mixes with YJ-5 nucleating agent; Described resin sand, bending strength is 3 ~ 5MPa, gas forming amount≤18ml/g.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect: this ductile iron crankshaft mechanical property is higher, tensile strength is 900 ~ 1000MPa, unit elongation is 6 ~ 8%, metallographic structure Medium pearlite accounts for >=and 90%, nodulizing grade is 1 ~ 2 grade, graphite rank is 5 ~ 8 grades, reach the quality index of QT900-6, and preparation technology is simple, compared with forged steel crankshaft, not only save energy, reduces the production cost of enterprise, certain economic benefit is created to enterprise, society, to the development of ductile iron crankshaft manufacturing process, there is positive induced effect.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle, its component and weight percent thereof are: C:3.72%, Si:2.25%, Mn:0.35%, P:0.035%, S:0.014%, Mg:0.038%, Re:0.029%, Cu:0.6%, Ni:0.6%, and surplus is Fe.
Manufacture method, comprises following step:
A, nodular pig iron, ordinary scrap steel, electrolytic copper, nickel plate, spheroidal graphite cast iron foundry returns, nodulizing agent, nucleating agent to be got ready, stand-by;
B, by after calculating and the nodular pig iron 565Kg got ready, ordinary scrap steel 85Kg and spheroidal graphite cast iron foundry returns 170Kg added dissolving in middle frequency furnace, in molten iron, C content controls 3.75%, again molten iron is warming up to 1540 DEG C, comes out of the stove and the electrolytic copper got ready, nickel plate were added in stove in first 5 minutes;
C, weigh nodulizing agent 6.15Kg with platform scale, tamping after stirring with 8.2Kg iron filings in hole after pouring hot metal ladle into, more thereon covering granularity be 10mm, silicon content be 75% silicon iron inoculator (1/2) and BS-1A nucleating agent (1/2) each 5Kg;
D, in swage die cavity, be evenly covered with by molding machine the resin sand that one deck bending strength is 3-5MPa, gas forming amount≤18ml/g, after resin sand solidification, by upper swage and lower swage mould assembling stand-by;
E, will the hot metal ladle handling of nodulizing agent be pressed to middle frequency furnace water solution exit, to pour into before hot metal ladle in hole with the molten iron that step b gets ready by lid bag nodularization method, carry out nodularization, inoculation;
F, nodularization, the molten iron that bred are transported to the place of skimming and skim; then pour into a mould; on bag mouth, add the nucleating agent of 1.6Kg with stream with funnel in casting process; the granularity of described nucleating agent is 1mm; be silicon content be the ferrosilicon of 75% and YJ-5 nucleating agent mixing nucleating agent; molten iron in foundry goods die cavity is naturally cooled to after being less than 700 DEG C, foundry goods of can unpacking out;
G, by cooled foundry goods by normalizing treatment, holding temperature 880 DEG C, is incubated 50 minutes, and furnace cooling, to 800 DEG C, is incubated 50 minutes, cold 10 minutes of mist of coming out of the stove, and stirs, and can obtain the ductile iron crankshaft of a kind of high strength, high-elongation after cooling.
After testing, chemical composition (weight percent) is the high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle obtained: C:3.72%, Si:2.25%, Mn:0.35%, P:0.035%, S:0.014%, Mg:0.038%, Re:0.029%, Cu:0.6%, Ni:0.6%.
Metallographic structure is: nodularization 2 grades, 6 grades, graphite, perlite 95%.
Mechanical property is: tensile strength 943MPa, unit elongation 7.5%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle, its component and weight percent thereof are: C:3.69%, Si:2.29%, Mn:0.37%, P:0.033%, S:0.011%, Mg:0.039%, Re:0.027%, Cu:0.8%, Ni:0.85%, and surplus is Fe.
Manufacture method, comprises following step:
A, nodular pig iron, ordinary scrap steel, electrolytic copper, nickel plate, spheroidal graphite cast iron foundry returns, nodulizing agent, nucleating agent to be got ready, stand-by;
B, by after calculating and the nodular pig iron 575Kg got ready, ordinary scrap steel 95Kg and spheroidal graphite cast iron foundry returns 150Kg added dissolving in middle frequency furnace, in molten iron, C content controls 3.77%, again molten iron is warming up to 1540 DEG C, comes out of the stove and the electrolytic copper got ready, nickel plate were added in stove in first 5 minutes;
C, weigh nodulizing agent 7.5Kg with platform scale, tamping after stirring with 8.2Kg iron filings in hole after pouring hot metal ladle into, more thereon covering granularity be 8mm, silicon content be 75% silicon iron inoculator (1/2) and BS-1A nucleating agent (1/2) each 5Kg;
D, in swage die cavity, to be evenly covered with one deck bending strength by molding machine be 3 ~ 5MPa, gas forming amount≤18ml/g resin sand, after resin sand solidification, by upper swage and lower swage mould assembling stand-by;
E, will the hot metal ladle handling of nodulizing agent be pressed to middle frequency furnace water solution exit, to pour into before hot metal ladle in hole with the molten iron that step b gets ready by lid bag nodularization method, carry out nodularization, inoculation;
F, nodularization, the molten iron that bred are transported to the place of skimming and skim; then pour into a mould; on bag mouth, add the nucleating agent of 1.4Kg with stream with funnel in casting process; the granularity of described nucleating agent is 0.8mm; be silicon content be the ferrosilicon of 75% and YJ-5 nucleating agent mixing nucleating agent; molten iron in foundry goods die cavity is naturally cooled to after being less than 700 DEG C, foundry goods of can unpacking out;
G, by cooled foundry goods by normalizing treatment, holding temperature 890 DEG C, is incubated 50 minutes, and furnace cooling, to 805 DEG C, is incubated 50 minutes, cold 10 minutes of mist of coming out of the stove, and stirs, and can obtain the ductile iron crankshaft of a kind of high strength, high-elongation after cooling.
After testing, chemical composition (weight percent) is the high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle obtained: (weight percent) is: C:3.69%, Si:2.29%, Mn:0.37%, P:0.033%, S:0.011%, Mg:0.039%, Re:0.027%, Cu:0.8%, Ni:0.85%.
Metallographic structure is: nodularization 2 grades, 6 grades, graphite, perlite 92%.
Mechanical property is: tensile strength 945MPa, unit elongation 7.3%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle, its component and weight percent thereof are: C:3.68%, Si:2.2%, Mn:0.32%, P:0.035%, S:0.008%, Mg:0.034%, Re:0.028%, Cu:0.85%, Ni:0.68%, and surplus is Fe.
Manufacture method, comprises following step:
A, nodular pig iron, ordinary scrap steel, electrolytic copper, nickel plate, spheroidal graphite cast iron foundry returns, nodulizing agent, nucleating agent to be got ready, stand-by;
B, by after calculating and the nodular pig iron 590Kg got ready, ordinary scrap steel 70Kg and spheroidal graphite cast iron foundry returns 160Kg added dissolving in middle frequency furnace, in molten iron, C content controls 3.72%, again molten iron is warming up to 1540 DEG C, comes out of the stove and the electrolytic copper got ready, nickel plate were added in stove in first 5 minutes;
C, weigh nodulizing agent 8Kg with platform scale, tamping after stirring with 8.2Kg iron filings in hole after pouring hot metal ladle into, more thereon covering granularity be 6mm, silicon content be 75% silicon iron inoculator (1/2) and BS-1A nucleating agent (1/2) each 5Kg;
D, in swage die cavity, to be evenly covered with one deck bending strength by molding machine be 3-5MPa, gas forming amount≤18ml/g resin sand, after resin sand solidification, by upper swage and lower swage mould assembling stand-by;
E, will the hot metal ladle handling of nodulizing agent be pressed to middle frequency furnace water solution exit, to pour into before hot metal ladle in hole with the molten iron that step b gets ready by lid bag nodularization method, carry out nodularization, inoculation;
F, nodularization, the molten iron that bred are transported to the place of skimming and skim; then pour into a mould; on bag mouth, add the nucleating agent of 1.8Kg with stream with funnel in casting process; the granularity of described nucleating agent is 0.3mm; be silicon content be the ferrosilicon of 75% and YJ-5 nucleating agent mixing nucleating agent; molten iron in foundry goods die cavity is naturally cooled to after being less than 700 DEG C, foundry goods of can unpacking out;
G, by cooled foundry goods by normalizing treatment, holding temperature 875 DEG C, is incubated 50 minutes, and furnace cooling, to 793 DEG C, is incubated 50 minutes, cold 10 minutes of mist of coming out of the stove, and stirs, and can obtain the ductile iron crankshaft of a kind of high strength, high-elongation after cooling.
After testing, chemical composition (weight percent) is the high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle obtained: (weight percent) is: C:3.68%, Si:2.2%, Mn:0.32%, P:0.035%, S:0.008%, Mg:0.034%, Re:0.028%, Cu:0.85%, Ni:0.68%.
Metallographic structure is: nodularization 2 grades, 6 grades, graphite, perlite 96%.
Mechanical property is: tensile strength 920MPa, unit elongation 7.6%.
Nodular pig iron in above-described embodiment is the magnesium iron high duty pig iron of Q8-Q12; Nodulizing agent and YJ-5 nucleating agent are that Shaanxi Zhong You special alloy Science and Technology Ltd. produces.
Claims (5)
1. high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle, its component raw material comprises C, Si, Mn, P, S, Mg, Re, Cu, Fe, it is characterized in that its component also comprises Ni, the weight percent of each component is: C:3.68 ~ 3.78%, Si:2.1 ~ 2.3%, Mn:0.31 ~ 0.37%, P:0.033 ~ 0.038%, S:0.01 ~ 0.015%, Mg:0.034 ~ 0.039%, Re:0.027 ~ 0.029%, Cu:0.6 ~ 1%, Ni:0.6 ~ 1%, surplus is Fe.
2. high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle according to claim 1, is characterized in that the weight percent of each component is: C:3.7%, Si:2.25%, Mn:0.35%, P:0.035%, S:0.013%, Mg:0.038%, Re:0.029%, Cu:0.8%, Ni:0.8%, surplus is Fe.
3. high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle described in manufacturing claims 1 or 2, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A, spheroidal graphite cast iron high duty pig iron, ordinary scrap steel, electrolytic copper, nickel plate, spheroidal graphite cast iron foundry returns, nodulizing agent, nucleating agent to be got ready, stand-by;
B, by calculate the spheroidal graphite cast iron high duty pig iron got ready, ordinary scrap steel and spheroidal graphite cast iron foundry returns are added in middle frequency furnace in proportion, dissolve, in molten iron, C content controls 3.7 ~ 3.8%, again molten iron is warming up to 1540 DEG C, comes out of the stove and the electrolytic copper got ready, nickel plate were added in stove in first 5 minutes;
C, the nodulizing agent of molten iron gross weight 0.75 ~ 1% is poured in the rear hole of spheroidization molten iron bag, stir tamping with the iron filings of molten iron gross weight 1% and nodulizing agent, take off flat, place nucleating agent taking off on flat iron filings;
D, in swage die cavity, be evenly covered with one deck resin sand by molding machine, after resin sand solidification, by upper swage and lower swage mould assembling stand-by;
E, will the hot metal ladle handling of nodulizing agent be pressed to middle frequency furnace water solution exit, to pour into before hot metal ladle in hole with the molten iron that step b gets ready by lid bag nodularization method;
F, nodularization, the molten iron that bred are transported to the place of skimming and skim; then be poured in the swage of steps d mould assembling; on bag mouth, add the nucleating agent of molten iron gross weight 0.17-0.23% with stream with funnel in casting process; molten iron in swage die cavity is naturally cooled to after being less than 700 DEG C, foundry goods of can unpacking out;
G, by cooled foundry goods by normalizing treatment, holding temperature 880 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, is incubated 50 minutes, and furnace cooling, to 800 ± 10 DEG C, is incubated 50 minutes, cold 10 minutes of mist of coming out of the stove, and stirs bent axle, can obtain high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle after cooling.
4. the manufacture method of high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle according to claim 3, what it is characterized in that adopting described in steps d is Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting technique, and the bending strength of resin sand is 3-5MPa, gas forming amount≤18ml/g.
5. the manufacture method of high-performance nodular cast iron bent axle according to claim 3, it is characterized in that nucleating agent described in step e be granularity is 0.2 ~ 1mm, silicon content be 75% ferrosilicon and the nucleating agent that mixes of YJ-5 nucleating agent.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN106077487A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-11-09 | 湖州鼎盛机械制造有限公司 | The Iron Mould Coated Sand technique of Large Crankshaft |
| CN106141089A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-11-23 | 湖州鼎盛机械制造有限公司 | The Iron Mould Coated Sand technique of the support of elevator traction machine |
| CN107829021A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-03-23 | 侯马市东鑫机械铸造有限公司 | High-performance nodular cast iron bent axle and its manufacture method |
| CN110408837A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-11-05 | 共享装备股份有限公司 | High-strength tenacity ductile cast iron material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111607678A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-09-01 | 广西玉柴机器配件制造有限公司 | Production method for improving graphite form of nodular cast iron |
| CN113337774A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2021-09-03 | 陈树平 | Process for inoculating nodular cast iron by silicon oxidation |
| CN115595496A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-13 | 无锡烨隆精密机械股份有限公司（Cn） | QT600 nodular cast iron and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106077487A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-11-09 | 湖州鼎盛机械制造有限公司 | The Iron Mould Coated Sand technique of Large Crankshaft |
| CN106141089A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-11-23 | 湖州鼎盛机械制造有限公司 | The Iron Mould Coated Sand technique of the support of elevator traction machine |
| CN107829021A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-03-23 | 侯马市东鑫机械铸造有限公司 | High-performance nodular cast iron bent axle and its manufacture method |
| CN110408837A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-11-05 | 共享装备股份有限公司 | High-strength tenacity ductile cast iron material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113337774A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2021-09-03 | 陈树平 | Process for inoculating nodular cast iron by silicon oxidation |
| CN113337774B (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2023-12-15 | 陈树平 | Silicon oxide inoculation nodular cast iron technology |
| CN111607678A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-09-01 | 广西玉柴机器配件制造有限公司 | Production method for improving graphite form of nodular cast iron |
| CN115595496A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-13 | 无锡烨隆精密机械股份有限公司（Cn） | QT600 nodular cast iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN115595496B (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2024-03-15 | 无锡烨隆精密机械股份有限公司 | QT600 nodular cast iron and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150107 |