CN104480377B - Vermicular graphite cast iron single cylinder diesel engine body with high vermicular graphite rate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Vermicular graphite cast iron single cylinder diesel engine body with high vermicular graphite rate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104480377B CN104480377B CN201410777359.XA CN201410777359A CN104480377B CN 104480377 B CN104480377 B CN 104480377B CN 201410777359 A CN201410777359 A CN 201410777359A CN 104480377 B CN104480377 B CN 104480377B
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- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a single cylinder diesel engine body and particularly relates to a vermicular graphite cast iron single cylinder diesel engine body with high vermicular graphite rate. The single cylinder diesel engine body comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 3.5-3.8% of C, 2.1-2.6% of Si, 0.5-0.8% of Mn, less than 0.08% of P, less than 0.03% of S and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities. The single cylinder diesel engine body provided by the invention has the characteristics of less inclination of shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity and long service life. The invention further provides a preparation method of the single cylinder diesel engine body, which is reasonable in process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a single-cylinder diesel engine body, in particular to a vermicular graphite cast iron single-cylinder diesel engine body with high vermicular graphite rate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the prior art, the single cylinder diesel engine body is mostly produced by casting by using high-strength gray cast iron materials, such as gray cast iron HT200, gray cast iron HT250, gray cast iron HT300 and the like. In the actual use process, the thermal fatigue crack often appears in the single cylinder diesel engine body made of gray iron, which is determined by the characteristics of gray cast iron, and the thermal shock capability is poorer because the elongation of the gray iron is almost zero. The tensile strength of the vermicular cast iron is higher than that of common high-strength gray cast iron, the vermicular cast iron has certain elongation percentage, and the fatigue resistance performance is superior to that of the common high-strength gray cast iron. However, the casting production difficulty of the vermicular cast iron is high, and although some casting manufacturers produce the vermicular cast iron, the vermicular cast iron with high vermicular rate is difficult to stably obtain.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a vermicular cast iron single cylinder diesel engine body with high vermicular rate, which has the characteristics of small shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity tendency and long service life; the invention also provides a preparation method and a reasonable process thereof.
The high-vermicular-rate vermicular cast iron single cylinder diesel engine body comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
3.5 to 3.8 percent of C, 2.1 to 2.6 percent of Si, 0.5 to 0.8 percent of Mn, less than 0.08 percent of P, less than 0.03 percent of S, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities. The inevitable impurities are rare earth, magnesium and calcium; wherein, RE is 0.05-0.075%, Mg is 0.01-0.03%, Ca0.03-0.05%.
The preparation method of the vermicular cast iron single cylinder diesel engine body with high vermicular rate comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials according to a formula, mixing the raw materials, and smelting in a medium-frequency induction furnace;
(2) placing a vermiculizer, a part of inoculant and a part of slag conglomeration agent at the bottom of a vermiculizing ladle;
(3) adding the remaining slag conglomeration agent into the smelting liquid smelted by the medium-frequency induction furnace to remove the slag, flushing the vermicular treatment bag obtained in the step (2) by adopting a dam type bag bottom flushing method to carry out vermicular treatment, and adding the remaining inoculant in the flushing process to carry out stream inoculation; and then casting to obtain the single-cylinder diesel engine body.
Wherein,
in the step (1), the raw materials comprise low-silicon pig iron, scrap steel, nodular cast iron, vermicular graphite cast iron foundry returns, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese, and the temperature of the medium-frequency induction furnace is 1510-1540 ℃. The ferrosilicon is preferably ferrosilicon with the Si element content of 75% by mass, and the ferromanganese is preferably ferromanganese with the Mn element content of 65% by mass.
The vermiculizer is made of rare earth ferrosilicon alloy, and the adding amount of the vermiculizer is 0.7-1.0% of the mass of the smelting liquid.
The rare earth silicon-iron alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-33% of rare earth; 0.5 to 1 percent of magnesium; 3 to 5 percent of calcium; 40-45% of silicon and the balance of iron. Preferably one of FeSiRe-23, FeSiRe-26, FeSiRe-29 or FeSiRe-32.
The inoculant comprises SiFe75 and SiCa, and the addition amount of the inoculant is 0.68-0.92% of the mass of the smelting liquid, wherein the addition amount of the SiFe75 is 0.6-0.8% of the mass of the smelting liquid, and the addition amount of the SiCa is 0.08-0.12% of the mass of the smelting liquid.
The addition amount of the inoculant in the step (3) is 50-70% of the total mass of the inoculant, and the inoculant is added along with the flow when the smelting liquid is flushed into the vermicularizing treatment bags 1/3-2/3.
The slag conglomeration agent is scrap iron, plant ash or perlite, and the addition amount of the slag conglomeration agent is 0.25-0.4% of the mass of the smelting liquid; wherein the adding amount of the step (2) accounts for 50-70% of the total mass of the slag conglomeration agent.
The creep rate of the single-cylinder diesel engine body is more than or equal to 80 percent; in the microstructure, the pearlite area accounts for 55-75%, and the ferrite area accounts for 25-45%.
In the step (3), the casting temperature is 1420-1440 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the mechanical property of the single cylinder diesel engine body prepared by the invention is as follows: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 320MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 1.5 percent, and the hardness is 160-240 HB.
(2) The creep rate of the single-cylinder diesel engine body obtained by the invention reaches more than 80%.
(3) The chemical composition carbon equivalent corresponds to the creep rate and is near a eutectic point (wB%): 3.5 to 3.8 percent of C, 2.1 to 2.6 percent of Si, 0.5 to 0.8 percent of Mn, less than 0.08 percent of P, less than 0.03 percent of S, narrow crystallization range of the smelting liquid, good fluidity and excellent casting performance, and the obtained single-cylinder diesel engine body has small shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity tendency, long service life and excellent performance.
(4) The invention also provides a preparation method and a reasonable process thereof.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
All the starting materials used in the examples are commercially available, except where otherwise indicated.
Example 1
A single cylinder diesel engine block: the components are prepared into the following components in percentage by mass: 3.7 percent of carbon, 2.3 percent of silicon, 0.65 percent of manganese, less than 0.08 percent of P, less than 0.03 percent of S, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking Z14 cast pig iron, nodular cast iron, vermicular cast iron foundry returns, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese as raw materials, mixing all the raw materials, and smelting in a medium-frequency induction furnace at the temperature of 1525 ℃; placing a vermiculizer, a part of inoculant and a part of slag conglomeration agent at the bottom of a vermiculizing ladle; after the components of the smelting liquid are tested to be qualified, adding the remaining slag conglomeration agent into the smelting liquid smelted by the medium-frequency induction furnace to remove slag, flushing the smelting liquid into a vermicularizing treatment bag by adopting a dam type bag bottom flushing method to carry out vermicularizing treatment, and adding the remaining inoculant in the flushing process to carry out stream inoculation; and pouring at 1430 ℃ after the vermicular treatment is finished to obtain the single-cylinder diesel engine body.
Wherein: the used vermiculizer is rare earth ferrosilicon alloy, and the addition amount of the vermiculizer is 0.85 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid. The inoculant is a mixture of SiFe75 and SiCa, the addition of SiFe75 is 0.6 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid, and the addition of SiCa is 0.08 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid; wherein 0.4 percent of inoculant is placed at the bottom of the vermicular treatment ladle, and the rest part is added along with the flow when the smelting liquid is flushed into the vermicular treatment ladle 1/2. The used slag conglomeration agent is nodular iron scraps, and the addition amount of the slag conglomeration agent is 0.3 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid; wherein, 0.15 percent of slag conglomeration agent is put at the bottom of the vermicular treatment ladle.
The rare earth silicon iron alloy is as follows: FeSiRe-23.
The single-cylinder diesel engine body prepared in the embodiment 1 has the yield of 95% and the creep rate of 95%. In the microstructure, the pearlite area accounts for 65%, and the ferrite area accounts for 35%. And (3) testing the mechanical property: the tensile strength is 340MPa, the elongation is 3 percent, and the hardness is 180.
Example 2
A single cylinder diesel engine block: the components are prepared into the following components in percentage by mass: 3.5 percent of carbon, 2.1 percent of silicon, 0.5 percent of manganese, less than 0.08 percent of P, less than 0.03 percent of S, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking Z14 cast pig iron, nodular cast iron, vermicular cast iron foundry returns, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese as raw materials, mixing all the raw materials, and smelting in a medium-frequency induction furnace at 1510 ℃; placing a vermiculizer, a part of inoculant and a part of slag conglomeration agent at the bottom of a vermiculizing ladle; after the components of the smelting liquid are tested to be qualified, adding the remaining slag conglomeration agent into the smelting liquid smelted by the medium-frequency induction furnace to remove slag, flushing the smelting liquid into a vermicularizing treatment bag by adopting a dam type bag bottom flushing method to carry out vermicularizing treatment, and adding the remaining inoculant in the flushing process to carry out stream inoculation; and pouring at 1420 ℃ after the vermicular treatment is finished to obtain the single-cylinder diesel engine body.
Wherein: the used vermiculizer is rare earth ferrosilicon alloy, and the addition amount of the vermiculizer is 0.7 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid. The inoculant is a mixture of SiFe75 and SiCa, the addition of SiFe75 is 0.7 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid, and the addition of SiCa is 0.1 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid; wherein 0.4 percent of inoculant is placed at the bottom of the vermicular treatment ladle, and the rest part is added along with the flow when the smelting liquid is flushed into the vermicular treatment ladle 1/2. The used slag conglomeration agent is nodular iron scraps, and the addition amount of the slag conglomeration agent is 0.4 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid; wherein, 0.2 percent of slag conglomeration agent is put at the bottom of the vermicular treatment ladle.
The rare earth silicon iron alloy is as follows: FeSiRe-26.
The single-cylinder diesel engine body prepared in the embodiment 2 has the yield of 95% and the creep rate of 85%. In the microstructure, the pearlite area accounts for 60% and the ferrite area accounts for 40%. And (3) testing the mechanical property: the tensile strength was 325MPa, the elongation was 3%, and the hardness was 170.
Example 3
A single cylinder diesel engine block: the components are prepared into the following components in percentage by mass: 3.8 percent of carbon, 2.6 percent of silicon, 0.8 percent of manganese, less than 0.08 percent of P, less than 0.03 percent of S, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking Z14 cast pig iron, nodular cast iron, vermicular cast iron foundry returns, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese as raw materials, mixing all the raw materials, and smelting in a medium-frequency induction furnace at the temperature of 1540 ℃; placing a vermiculizer, a part of inoculant and a part of slag conglomeration agent at the bottom of a vermiculizing ladle; after the components of the smelting liquid are tested to be qualified, adding the remaining slag conglomeration agent into the smelting liquid smelted by the medium-frequency induction furnace to remove slag, flushing the smelting liquid into a vermicularizing treatment bag by adopting a dam type bag bottom flushing method to carry out vermicularizing treatment, and adding the remaining inoculant in the flushing process to carry out stream inoculation; and pouring at 1440 ℃ after the vermicular treatment is finished to obtain the single-cylinder diesel engine body.
Wherein: the used vermiculizer is rare earth ferrosilicon alloy, and the addition amount of the vermiculizer is 1.0 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid. The inoculant is a mixture of SiFe75 and SiCa, the addition of SiFe75 is 0.8 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid, and the addition of SiCa is 0.12 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid; wherein 0.4 percent of inoculant is placed at the bottom of the vermicular treatment ladle, and the rest part is added along with the flow when the smelting liquid is flushed into the vermicular treatment ladle 1/2. The used slag conglomeration agent is nodular iron scraps, and the addition amount of the slag conglomeration agent is 0.4 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid; wherein, 0.2 percent of slag conglomeration agent is put at the bottom of the vermicular treatment ladle.
The rare earth silicon iron alloy is as follows: FeSiRe-32.
The single cylinder diesel engine body prepared in the embodiment 3 has the yield of 95% and the creep rate of 90%. In the microstructure, the pearlite area accounts for 70%, and the ferrite area accounts for 30%. And (3) testing the mechanical property: the tensile strength is 350MPa, the elongation is 3 percent, and the hardness is 190.
Claims (1)
1. A high-vermicular graphite cast iron single cylinder diesel engine body is characterized in that: the components are prepared into the following components in percentage by mass: 3.7% of carbon, 2.3% of silicon, 0.65% of manganese, less than 0.08% of P, less than 0.03% of S, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: taking Z14 cast pig iron, nodular cast iron, vermicular cast iron foundry returns, ferrosilicon and ferromanganese as raw materials, mixing all the raw materials, and smelting in a medium-frequency induction furnace at the temperature of 1525 ℃; placing a vermiculizer, a part of inoculant and a part of slag conglomeration agent at the bottom of a vermiculizing ladle; after the components of the smelting liquid are tested to be qualified, adding the remaining slag conglomeration agent into the smelting liquid smelted by the medium-frequency induction furnace to remove slag, flushing the smelting liquid into a vermicularizing treatment bag by adopting a dam type bag bottom flushing method to carry out vermicularizing treatment, and adding the remaining inoculant in the flushing process to carry out stream inoculation; pouring is carried out after the vermicular treatment is finished, and the pouring temperature is 1430 ℃ to obtain a single-cylinder diesel engine body;
wherein: the used vermiculizer is rare earth ferrosilicon alloy, and the addition amount of the vermiculizer is 0.85 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid; the inoculant is a mixture of SiFe75 and SiCa, the addition of SiFe75 is 0.6 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid, and the addition of SiCa is 0.08 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid; wherein 0.4 percent of inoculant is placed at the bottom of the vermicular treatment ladle, and the rest part of inoculant is added along with the flow when the smelting liquid is flushed into the vermicular treatment ladle 1/2; the used slag conglomeration agent is nodular iron scraps, and the addition amount of the slag conglomeration agent is 0.3 percent of the mass of the smelting liquid; wherein, 0.15 percent of slag conglomeration agent is put at the bottom of the vermicular treatment ladle;
the rare earth silicon-iron alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-33% of rare earth; 0.5 to 1 percent of magnesium; 3 to 5 percent of calcium; 40-45% of silicon and the balance of iron; the rare earth silicon iron alloy is as follows: FeSiRe-23;
the yield of the prepared single-cylinder diesel engine body reaches 95%, and the creep rate is 95%; in the microstructure, the area of pearlite accounts for 65%, and the area of ferrite accounts for 35%; and (3) testing the mechanical property: the tensile strength is 340MPa, the elongation is 3 percent, and the hardness is 180.
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| CN105316568A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-02-10 | 宁静 | Engine cylinder cover |
| CN106148810A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-23 | 宁波宏协离合器有限公司 | A kind of vermicular cast iron automobile clutch pressure plate material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107586911B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2019-11-05 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | The novel vermiculizer of vermicular cast iron |
| CN105970075B (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2017-08-25 | 江苏一汽铸造股份有限公司 | A kind of process for preparing vermicular graphite iron material |
| CN109468525B (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-05-22 | 安徽大天铸业有限责任公司 | Casting process of BK series brake body shell wear-resistant vermicular graphite iron casting |
| CN115074613A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-09-20 | 烟台大学 | High-thermal-conductivity high-thermal-fatigue-resistance vermicular graphite cast iron and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102796939A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-11-28 | 丹阳市锦雄机械制造有限公司 | Method for vermicular cast iron by using mixed vermiculizer |
| CN103131942A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-06-05 | 山东省源通机械股份有限公司 | Vermicular graphite cast iron with high percent of vermiculation of combustion motor cylinder body and cylinder cover and preparation method |
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| CN103131942A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-06-05 | 山东省源通机械股份有限公司 | Vermicular graphite cast iron with high percent of vermiculation of combustion motor cylinder body and cylinder cover and preparation method |
| CN102796939A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-11-28 | 丹阳市锦雄机械制造有限公司 | Method for vermicular cast iron by using mixed vermiculizer |
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Denomination of invention: High vermicular graphite cast iron single cylinder diesel engine block and its preparation method Effective date of registration: 20211115 Granted publication date: 20170517 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Yiyuan county subbranch Pledgor: SHANDONG YUANTONG MACHINERY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021370000135 |
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| PC01 | Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Date of cancellation: 20230522 Granted publication date: 20170517 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Yiyuan county subbranch Pledgor: SHANDONG YUANTONG MACHINERY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021370000135 |