CN104259604A - Complex surface numerical control efficient electrolytic machining tool - Google Patents
Complex surface numerical control efficient electrolytic machining tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN104259604A CN104259604A CN201410457247.6A CN201410457247A CN104259604A CN 104259604 A CN104259604 A CN 104259604A CN 201410457247 A CN201410457247 A CN 201410457247A CN 104259604 A CN104259604 A CN 104259604A
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- numerical control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
Abstract
The invention relates to a complex surface numerical control efficient electrolytic machining tool which comprises a base, a standard platform, an X, Y and Z straight line moving platform, a Y direction numerical control rotating table (a tool B shaft), a Z direction rotating and X direction inclining swinging numerical control rotating table (a tool A shaft and a C shaft), an output end, a stand column, a balance weight, a tool outer cover and the like. According to the tool, feeding of an instrument along a Y and Z space track can be achieved, meanwhile, rotating in the B direction is matched, and blisk blade lattice channel electrolytic machining is completed in a space rotating feeding mode. Through the method, blade body margin difference can be lowered, and irregular hub face machining can be achieved. According to the tool, a workpiece can be obliquely placed according to a corresponding optimized angle, an optimized space angle is formed between the instrument feeding direction and the workpiece, and blisk blade lattice channel electrolytic machining is completed in a space angle feeding mode. According to the method, following blade surface machining accuracy can be improved. According to the tool, efficient electrolytic machining of an aero-engine diffuser, a cartridge receiver and other complex surface parts can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of complex profile numerical control efficient electrolytic machine tool, belong to technical field of electrolysis processing.
Background technology
Blisk is a kind of new structure part of modern aeroengine, and its application is one of development trend of advanced engine.Compare traditional leaf dish connected by tenon tongue-and-groove, blisk has that number of parts is few, quality is light, windage loss is few, security advantages of higher.More external advanced aero engines all have employed Blisk at present.
Blisk is as the important composition part of aero-engine, and its machining accuracy, surface quality requirements are higher.And along with the development of aircraft industry, blisk constantly uses the difficult-to-machine material such as high temperature alloy, titanium alloy, blade profile more distortion is complicated, and this brings new challenge to the processing and manufacturing of blisk.The method being usually used in blisk processing at present has three kinds: numerical control milling, linear friction welding, Electrolyzed Processing.
One of the effective ways of NC milling leaf dish processing as a whole, can meet the processing request of blisk to a certain extent.But along with various difficult-to-machine material is constantly applied to Blisk, the tool loss problem of NC milling is more outstanding, adds processing cost.Linear friction welding has saving material, and Weld Performance can meet or exceed the advantages such as mother metal, in the state such as American and Britain of welding and supporting technology richness thereof, and one of important means that linear friction welding becomes blisk processing, blade is repaired.But linear friction welding requires higher to material thermoplasticity, and manufacturing procedure is loaded down with trivial details, comprising: blade processing, welding, milling overlap.Electrolyzed Processing mainly relies on the principle of anode metal electrochemical dissolution to process.Its advantage mainly contains: 1) processing is not by the impact of material mechanical performance.2) in process without tool loss, cost is low.3) working (machining) efficiency is high.4) surface of the work is without residual stress, flow harden layer, recast layer.5) surface of the work polishing, roughness is little.Therefore, at blisk manufacture field, electrochemical machining method advantage is given prominence to.
Western developed country and China all pay much attention to the research of blisk electrochemical Machining Technology, all using the main manufacture means one of of electrochemical Machining Technology as blisk of engine.MTU company of Germany points out when analyzing blisk processing trend, and the blisk of following about 45% will adopt Electrolyzed Processing.
Patent (the TANDEM BLISK ELECTROCHEMICAL MACHINING of GE company of the U.S., US7204926B2) mention with two independently motion platform process the first order, the second level blade of two-stage dish respectively, in process, (to process first order blade) a pair shaping negative electrode rotates around C axle while X, U axle move toward one another, coordinates workpiece to complete processing along Z axis feeding.But this machine tooling object is only for the blisk with circumferential blade, and its versatility is not high.The patent (ECM-MACHINE, US77501049B2) of Leistritz company of Germany mentions a kind of vertical electrolytic machine tool, and the design of its gantry structure can improve lathe rigidity.But this lathe leaf dish workpiece adopts the form of vertical clamping, cause the installation and debugging operation inconvenience of workpiece, add the time of installation and debugging.European patent (SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING ELECTROCHEMICAL MACHINING OF A WORKPIECE, EP2011597A2) refer to a kind of integrated impeller blade fine finishining electrolytic machine tool, its negative electrode is combination tray type structure, cathode disc also comprises the electrolyte channel design of circular array, can to each blade independence feed flow.Add man-hour, cathode disc rotates around direction of feed to lower feeding simultaneously, and once complete the fine finishining of a whole blade of blisk, the method greatly improves the working (machining) efficiency of blisk.But this machine tool motion mode is simple, multi-axis interpolation motion cannot be realized, not possess the ability of processing distortion profile blade.
At home, Nanjing Aero-Space University Zhu Di teaches Research Team and have developed a set of blisk electrolytic machine tool, propose with pipe electrode processing blade grid passage, and this lathe uses negative electrode clamping disk to install multiple pipe electrode, realize multichannel to process simultaneously, further increase the working (machining) efficiency of blisk Electrolyzed Processing.But this lathe is not high for the machining accuracy of blade grid passage wheel hub, and surface quality is poor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to design a kind of complex profile numerical control efficient electrolytic machine tool, the processing of aero-engine blisk blade grid passage efficient electrolysis, the processing of blade jacking efficient electrolysis can be met.Meanwhile, this lathe can also realize the efficient electrolysis processing of the Complex Surface Parts such as aero-engine diffuser, casing, improves the versatility of this lathe.
A kind of complex profile numerical control efficient electrolytic machine tool, is characterized in that: comprise base, the reference platform be installed on base, be installed on Y linear motion platform on reference platform and X linear motion platform; The ram of Y linear motion platform installs column, column is installed Z linear motion platform, the ram of Z linear motion platform is installed Y-direction numerical control rotating platform, Y-direction numerical control rotating platform installs output, and installs the first felt pad between Y-direction numerical control rotating platform and output; The counterweight support installing of Y-direction numerical control rotating platform and output is on column; The ram of X linear motion platform is installed Z-direction revolution X to the pendulum numerical control rotating platform that inclines, Z-direction revolution X is provided with the second felt pad on the pendulum numerical control rotating platform that inclines.
This lathe comprises machine tool outer casing; Machine tool outer casing is made up of main body frame, base coaming plate, non-processing district seal closure, L-type sliding door, dividing plate; Wherein said main body frame and reference platform are fixed, and seal with sealing strip between the two; Described main body frame divide into processing district and non-processing district; Processing district and non-processing district are separated by described dividing plate; Described non-processing district seal closure is arranged on the non-processing district of main body frame; Described L-type sliding door can be slided on main body frame by the guide rails assembling in top and front between processing district and non-processing district; Described base coaming plate is arranged on described main body frame.
The layout of this lathe X linear motion platform, Y linear motion platform, Z linear motion platform adopts Y, Z combination to install, the version that X and Y, Z independently install.For the version of X, Y, Z combined three-dimensional motion platform, this structure can improve lathe rigidity, reduces driving-chain and transmission error.
Add man-hour, output band power driven tools, along Y-direction feeding, coordinates the rotation along B direction, complete blisk blade grid passage Electrolyzed Processing, can realize the processing of irregular wheels hub face, and it is poor to reduce blade surplus by the mode of swivel feeding.
Z-direction is utilized to turn round X to the pendulum numerical control rotating platform that inclines by workpiece slant setting, add man-hour instrument along Y-direction feeding, blisk blade grid passage Electrolyzed Processing is completed according to the space feeding angle optimized, the surplus that can reduce blade grid passage processing is poor, and this is most important to the machining accuracy improving follow-up blade profile.
Z-direction revolution X is large to the swinging adjustable range of inclining of the pendulum numerical control rotating platform that inclines, can the different blisk of machining blade degreeof tortuosity.Corresponding to the blisk that leaf curling degree is different, workpiece can be adjusted to different angles of inclination, complete processing with the space angle optimized.
This lathe can launch a campaign track complexity numerical control Electrolyzed Processing experiment, add man-hour, workpiece slant setting (or even workpiece is along A direction micro-swinging), instrument is along while Y-direction feeding, coordinate the rotation along B direction, complete blisk blade grid passage Electrolyzed Processing by the mode of space angle swivel feeding.The surplus that the method can reduce blade grid passage processing is further poor, improves the machining accuracy of follow-up blade profile.
Y-direction numerical control rotating platform and Z-direction are turned round X and are put numerical control rotating platform to inclining and export the installation positioning requirements that shaft design all meets complex profile structural member, add man-hour, workpiece both horizontally can be clamped in Z-direction revolution X to the pendulum numerical control rotating platform that inclines, also can vertical clamping in Y-direction numerical control rotating platform, the diffuser Electrolyzed Processing with end face blade and circumferential blade can be realized.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) Z-direction revolution X can drive workpiece to rotate the angle to optimizing along A axle to the pendulum numerical control rotating platform that inclines, making tool feeding direction and blade base fold axle is certain space angle, along this angle direction, the projection line of blade profile covers minimum, completes blisk blade grid passage Electrolyzed Processing by the mode of space angle feeding.It is poor that the method can significantly reduce blade grid passage allowance, improves the machining accuracy of follow-up blade profile; For dissimilar complex profile blisk, workpiece can be placed according to different optimization angular slope, applied widely.
(2) instrument is along while Y, the feeding of Z axis space tracking, and Y-direction numerical control rotating platform band power driven tools rotates along B axle, is realized the Electrolyzed Processing of wheel hub and blisk blade grid passage by the mode of Space Rotating feeding.The method for the distorting event of blade grid passage, can optimize feeding path, and the surplus reducing blade processing is poor, improves the machining accuracy of twisted blade; Meanwhile, the method, by the front end face of design tool, realizes the processing of irregular wheels hub face, improves wheel hub surface machining accuracy and surface quality.
(3), in process, Z-direction revolution X can drive workpiece to swing according to certain rules along C axle to the pendulum numerical control rotating platform that inclines.When workpiece swings certain angle, the blade tip circuit oscillation distance far away apart from the center of circle is greater than the nearer blade root in the distance center of circle, and the allowance that the method can reduce blade grid passage blade tip and blade root place is further poor.
(4) this lathe B, C rotating shaft is designed to vertical, horizontal digital-control rotary table structure respectively, the output of B, C axle all can the installation of disk-like accessory as a whole, positioning datum, realize the high-precision rotary calibration of part.This structural design meets the processing of the overall disk-like accessory with different directions blade, as having the processing of complex profile diffuser of circumferential blade, end face blade simultaneously.
(5) layout of this lathe X-axis, Y-axis, Z axis linear motion platform adopts Y, Z to carry out combination installation by column, the version that X and Y, Z independently install.Compared with the box-like platform structure of X, Y, Z three-dimensional group, this version improves the rigidity of lathe, can bear higher electrolyte pressure, improves processing stability; Meanwhile, this structure can reduce the transmission error of lathe driving-chain and lathe, improves the repetitive positioning accuracy of equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is machine arrangement schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is machine tool outer casing schematic layout pattern;
Fig. 3 is diffuser circumference blade processing schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is diffuser end face blade processing schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is non-processing district sealing schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is processing district sealing schematic diagram;
Number in the figure title: 1, base, 2, reference platform, 3, Y linear motion platform, 4, column, 5, Z linear motion platform, 6, counterweight support, 7, Y-direction numerical control rotating platform, 8, first felt pad, 9, output, 10, second felt pad, 11, X is to the pendulum numerical control rotating platform that inclines in Z-direction revolution, and 12, X linear motion platform, 13. base coaming plates, 14, main body frame, 15, non-processing district seal closure, 16, L-type sliding door, 17, dividing plate, 18, trailing type jig platform, 19, fixture, 20, cathode rod, 21, cable, 22, negative electrode draws electrolytic copper board, and 23, multichannel water inlet pipe, 24, anode draws electrolytic copper board 25, draw voltage block, 26, diffuser, 27, negative electrode, 28, cathode rod, 29, negative electrode pole socket, 30, guide rail, 31, stainless steel bracing frame, 32, armor organ cover, 33, stainless steel sheet metal component, 34, nylon jacket, 35, first wool felt, 36, first backbone sealing ring, 37, stainless steel organ cover, 38, workpiece rotary table is padded, and 39, second wool felt, 40, second backbone sealing ring, 41, cast PVD outer cover, 42, cast PVD inner cover, 43, stainless steel outer cover, 44, stainless steel inner cover, 45, stainless steel inner side baffle.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1,2,3, specific embodiment of the invention process is described:
1, with reference to figure 1, base 1 is laid on the ground by level adjuster, and reference platform 2 is arranged on base 1.Reference platform 2 is divided into the non-processing in left side and Liang Ge region, processing district, right side.
2, with reference to figure 1, the non-processing district in left side, Y linear motion platform 3 is arranged on reference platform 2, and column 4 is arranged on the ram of Y linear motion platform 3, and Z linear motion platform 5 is arranged on column 4.The ram of Z linear motion platform 5 is installed Y-direction numerical control rotating platform 7, output 9 is arranged on Y-direction numerical control rotating platform 7, and between Y-direction numerical control rotating platform 7 and output 9, install the first felt pad 8.The counterweight support 6 of Y-direction numerical control rotating platform 7, output 9 is arranged on column 4.
3, with reference to figure 1, in processing district, right side, X linear motion platform 12 is placed on reference platform 2, and Z-direction revolution X is arranged on the ram of X linear motion platform 12 to the pendulum numerical control rotating platform 11 that inclines, and on the pendulum numerical control rotating platform 11 that inclines, installs the second felt pad 10 at Z-direction revolution X.
4, with reference to figure 1,2, machine tool outer casing is made up of five parts, and wherein main body frame 14 is fixed with reference platform 2, and seals with sealing strip between the two.Non-processing district seal closure 15 is arranged on the flange of main body frame 14, detachable during maintenance.Processing district and non-processing district are separated by dividing plate 17.L-type sliding door 16 by the guide rails assembling in top and front on machine tool outer casing.Base coaming plate 13 is arranged on main body frame 14.
5, Y-direction numerical control rotating platform 7 and Z-direction are turned round X and are put numerical control rotating platform 11 to inclining and export the installation positioning requirements that shaft design all meets complex profile structural member, add man-hour, workpiece both horizontally can be clamped in Z-direction revolution X to the pendulum numerical control rotating platform 11 that inclines, also can vertical clamping in Y-direction numerical control rotating platform 7, diffuser 26 Electrolyzed Processing with end face blade and circumferential blade can be realized.
6, with reference to figure 1,3, to process the circumferential blade of diffuser 26: fixture 19 is arranged on trailing type jig platform 18, and instrument is connected with output 9 by cathode rod 20, diffuser 26 is arranged on the second felt pad 10.Two cable 21 one end connect negative electrode respectively and draw electrolytic copper board 22 and anode draws electrolytic copper board 24, the other end connects output 9 respectively and draws voltage block 25, for applying voltage between instrument and diffuser 26, and provided the electrolyte with certain pressure between fixture and blisk 26 by multichannel water inlet pipe 23.Add man-hour, trailing type jig platform 18 latch segment compresses, and output 9 is with power driven tools to move in fixture, completes Electrolyzed Processing.
7, with reference to figure 1,4, to process diffuser 26 end face blade: diffuser 26 is vertical is installed on output 9, negative electrode 27 is arranged on Z-direction revolution X to inclining on pendulum numerical control rotating platform 11 by cathode rod 28 and negative electrode pole socket 29, adds man-hour, output 9 drives diffuser 26 along Y-axis feeding, and negative electrode is motionless.
8, with reference to figure 1,5, non-processing district hermetically-sealed construction mainly comprises: install stainless steel bracing frame 31 at the aperture position of dividing plate 17, stainless steel bracing frame 31 is provided with guide rail 30, stainless steel sheet metal component 33 is fixed with the slide block of guide rail 30, smooth and easy to ensure that hermetically-sealed construction runs.The embedded nylon jacket 34 of stainless steel sheet metal component 33, with insulation, nylon jacket 34 is installed the first wool felt 35 and the first backbone sealing ring 36 with rotatory sealing.Stainless steel sheet metal component 33 two ends connect armor organ cover 32, accomplish linear sealing.
9, with reference to figure 1,6, processing district adopts double hermetically-sealed construction, is namely divided into X linear motion platform 12, Z-direction to turn round the independent sealing of X to the pendulum numerical control rotating platform 11 that inclines, and the overall sealing of two platforms.Wherein the independent sealing of X linear motion platform 12 comprises: stainless steel inner side baffle 45 is arranged on reference platform 2, stainless steel organ cover 37 is fixed on the planker of X linear motion platform 12, accomplish linear seals, and stainless steel inner side baffle 45 and stainless steel organ cover 37 seal with sealing strip.Z-direction revolution X comprises to the independent sealing of the pendulum numerical control rotating platform 11 that inclines: stainless steel inner cover 44 is fixed on the planker of X linear motion platform 12, embedded second wool felt 39 and the second backbone sealing ring 40 of stainless steel profiled member, be connected with pouring into a mould PVD inner cover 42, to complete rotatory sealing between stainless steel inner cover 44 with stainless steel profiled member.Overall seal form and the Z-direction of two platforms turn round X, and put the independent seal form of numerical control rotating platform 11 to inclining identical.Hermetically-sealed construction inside, processing district passes into the gas of certain pressure, realizes positive seal, effectively prevents salt fog to the corrosion of X, A, C axle.
Claims (2)
1. a complex profile numerical control efficient electrolytic machine tool, is characterized in that:
Comprise base (1), the reference platform (2) be installed on base (1), be installed on Y linear motion platform (3) on reference platform (2) and X linear motion platform (12);
The ram of Y linear motion platform (3) is installed column (4), column (4) is upper installs Z linear motion platform (5), the ram of Z linear motion platform (5) is installed Y-direction numerical control rotating platform (7), Y-direction numerical control rotating platform (7) installs output (9), and installs the first felt pad (8) between Y-direction numerical control rotating platform (7) and output (9); The counterweight support (6) of Y-direction numerical control rotating platform (7) and output (9) is arranged on column (4);
The ram of X linear motion platform (12) is installed Z-direction revolution X to pendulum numerical control rotating platform (11) that inclines, Z-direction revolution X is provided with the second felt pad (10) on pendulum numerical control rotating platform (11) that inclines.
2. complex profile numerical control efficient electrolytic machine tool according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
This lathe comprises machine tool outer casing;
Machine tool outer casing is made up of main body frame (14), base coaming plate (13), non-processing district seal closure (15), L-type sliding door (16), dividing plate (17);
Wherein said main body frame (14) is fixed with reference platform (2), and seals with sealing strip between the two; Described main body frame (14) divide into processing district and non-processing district; Processing district and non-processing district are separated by described dividing plate (17);
Described non-processing district seal closure (15) is arranged on the non-processing district of main body frame (14);
Described L-type sliding door (16) can be slided on main body frame (14) by the guide rails assembling in top and front between processing district and non-processing district;
Described base coaming plate (13) is arranged on described main body frame (14).
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Cited By (5)
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| CN105643027A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-06-08 | 郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所有限公司 | Metal bond ultrahard material abrasive cutting wheel grooving equipment and method |
| CN109877403A (en) * | 2019-01-20 | 2019-06-14 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of tool cathode and clamping method of Electrolyzed Processing special-shaped cavity |
| CN110076408A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-02 | 中国航发南方工业有限公司 | Radial diffuser channel preprocess method |
| CN110935968A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-31 | 合肥工业大学 | Integral electrolytic machining method and electrolytic tool for blisk |
| CN112427755A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-02 | 北京理工大学 | Low-rigidity part complex surface high-precision polishing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110935968A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-31 | 合肥工业大学 | Integral electrolytic machining method and electrolytic tool for blisk |
| CN112427755A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-02 | 北京理工大学 | Low-rigidity part complex surface high-precision polishing device |
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