CN104258092B - 一种治疗复发性口疮和牙周病的含漱液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗复发性口疮和牙周病的含漱液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗复发性口疮和牙周病的含漱液及其制备方法,金银花、北豆根、乌骨藤、绞股蓝、手参、地桃花经过浸泡、水提醇沉,蟾酥加醇浸泡,提取,取薄荷脑加适量乙醇溶解后,再加入一定比例量的防龋甜味剂、酸味调节剂、防腐剂及适量的水,混合均匀,杀菌消毒、过滤即得。本发明配方合理、成分易得、生产工艺简单重现性好、疗效显著、毒副作用小,用于治疗复发性口疮和牙周病(牙龈炎和牙周炎),可显著消除本疾病引起的口腔溃疡、渗出、充血、出血、水肿和疼痛等症状,且不易复发,口感好,老幼皆宜。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药、保健、消杀领域,具体涉及一种治疗复发性口疮和牙周病的含漱液及其制备方法。
背景技术
复发性口疮是口腔黏膜疾病中发病率最高的一种疾病,且有逐年提高的趋势。普通感冒、消化不良、精神紧张、郁闷不乐等情况均能偶然引起该病的发生,好发于唇、颊、舌缘等。该病可在黏膜形成溃疡点,周围黏膜充血呈红晕状,有剧烈疼痛,并可能伴有头痛、发热、局部淋巴结肿大等,严重的愈后还会遗留瘢痕,更甚者可形成组织缺损或畸形。该病反复发作,给病人带来巨大的痛苦。临床治疗药物多数为西药,局部或全身用药,毒副作用大,且仅为对症治疗,无法根治疾病。
牙周病是指发生在牙周组织的疾病,包括仅累及牙龈组织的牙龈病和波及深层牙周组织的牙周炎两大类。成年人中患病率高达90%以上,是引起成年人牙齿丧失的最主要原因,也是危害人类牙齿和全身健康的主要口腔疾病。牙周病治疗药物目前临床上没有固定模式和处方,主要的手段是最大限度抑制易感患者口中的致病微生物,常常采用抗生素,易造成耐药性。
随着人们生活水平的不断提高,对口腔疾病的重视程度逐年增强,预防与治疗口腔疾病越来越显得重要。口舌生疮、牙龈红肿溃烂,口臭口燥等病症在临床上是非常多见的(即牙周病、牙龈病、粘膜病及根尖周病等),其主要病因为脏腑蕴热、火毒结聚,循经上炎口齿唇舌,故治疗当以清热解毒、消肿止痛为治法。其病因亦与局部卫生不良、牙石与牙垢的堆积、食物嵌塞等因素有关,因此消除局部不利因素亦是治疗口腔产品的另一重要治则,局部含漱冲刷致病因子起到非常关键的作用。此外,与机体的全身营养状态(即抵抗力和免疫功能)亦有着十分密切的关系,反复口腔溃烂被认为是全身抵抗力降低,免疫功能低下,进而导致细菌与病毒的反复感染。牙龈红肿溃烂除与局部因素有关外,全身因素也是它的重要致病原因,中医学所说的:“正气存,内邪不可干”“邪之所凑,其气必虚”。因此提高免疫功能,注意全身因素对治疗和预防口腔疾病是相当重要的。
中药不仅有其独特的药理作用,而且也具有某些西药难以达到的药效作用。因此,以中医为理论基础,以中药为主的口腔含漱剂不仅具有某些西药(如抗菌素)的药效作用,而且还能清洁口腔、调整局部的作用。
发明内容
祖国医学对口腔溃疡早已有记载,属中医“口疮”、“口疡”等范畴,外感六淫燥火,脏腑内伤热盛是致病主因。《内经》:“诸痛痒疮,皆属于火”,外感六淫燥火,燥邪干涩,易伤津液,火为阳邪,其性炎上,燥火外受、津伤火炎、口疮乃发,导致脏腑蕴郁化火上攻。或劳倦思虑太过,脾胃中气受损、阴火内生,熏灼于口,久则肌肉溃破,发为口疮。清热泻火为口疮的基本治法。
牙周病是人类最古老最普遍的疾病之一,也是导致成年人牙齿脱落的主要原因之一。根据其临床表现,归属中医“牙宣”、“齿衄”、 “齿动”范畴。牙周病发生多具有正气亏虚,肾精耗损,虚火上炎的病理基础,同时又感受风寒、火热之邪,郁于局部而不能宣散,热壅血聚而形成局部损伤。培补正气,祛除外邪是牙周病的基本治法。
本发明的目的是以中医理论为基础,结合多年临床试验的筛选,提供一种中药口腔含漱剂,用于治疗复发性口疮和牙周病(牙龈炎和牙周炎)。
本发明的另一发明目的是提供该药物的制备方法。
基于上述治疗原则,本发明的药物按质量份数计,包括如下成分:
金银花:5-30份,北豆根:2-15份,乌骨藤:2-15份,绞股蓝:2-15份,手参:2-15份,地桃花:2-15份,蟾酥:0.01-0.5份,薄荷脑:0.01-0.5份,防龋甜味剂:1-5份,酸味调节剂:0.1-0.5份,防腐剂:1-5份,纯化水:1000份。
本发明用于治疗复发性口疮和牙周病的含漱液,其所述的防龋甜味剂是山梨醇、麦芽糖醇、木糖醇、阿期巴甜、甜菊糖苷、安赛蜜中的一种或二种及以上的混合物。
本发明用于治疗复发性口疮和牙周病的含漱液,其所述的酸味调节剂是乳酸、苹果酸、抗坏血酸、枸橼酸、醋酸中的任一种。
本发明用于治疗复发性口疮和牙周病的含漱液,其所述的防腐剂是苯甲酸、苯甲酸钠、山梨酸、山梨酸钾、尼泊金甲酯、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯中的任一种。
本发明用于治疗复发性口疮和牙周病的含漱液的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
取金银花、北豆根、乌骨藤、绞股蓝、手参、地桃花按照上述重量份数混合均匀后,再加入六味药材合计重量的6-10倍量水浸泡4小时,煎煮0.5-2小时,收集滤液,将提取后的滤渣继续加入6-10倍量水煎煮0.5-2小时,收集滤液,合并两次滤液并滤过,浓缩至比重为1.10-1.15稠膏,再加入乙醇使含醇量为60-75%,搅拌均匀,0-10℃放置过夜,取上清液滤过,回收乙醇,得稠膏备用。另取比例量的蟾酥粉碎,装入小袋,加药材重量的6-8倍量75%乙醇浸泡24小时,补充加入8-10倍量75%乙醇渗漉,收集渗漉液,回收乙醇,得稠膏备用。取薄荷脑加入适量乙醇溶解后加入,将比例量的防龋甜味剂、酸味调节剂、防腐剂加适量的纯化水溶解后加入稠膏中,加入适量的纯化水搅拌均匀,杀菌消毒,过滤制成含漱液。
本发明是基于传统中医对复发性口疮和牙周病的认识,结合现代有关研究资料和临床实践而形成的。组方中金银花性甘、寒,归肺心胃经,清热解毒、疏散风热,为君药。北豆根清热解毒、祛风止痛,乌骨藤滋阴润肺、活血通络,绞股蓝益气补虚、清热解毒,手参滋阴生津、止痛、补肾健脾,地桃花祛风利湿、活血消肿、清热解毒,五味共为臣药。蟾酥消肿止痛,《本草求真》中“蟾酥,能拔一切风火热毒之邪,使之外出。”盖邪气着入肌肉,郁而不解,则或见为疔肿发背、阴疮、阴蚀、疽疠恶疮,故必用此辛温以治,盖辛主散,温主行,故邪出,热自可以除矣。薄荷脑疏散风热,清利头目,为佐药。诸药合用,共奏清热解毒、消肿止痛、益气补肾、滋阴润燥之功。
本组方中根据复发性口疮燥邪上攻和牙周病正气不足及虚火上炎的病理特点,权衡相互关系,选用金银花为君药,清热解毒、轻宣疏散,并兼用益气补肾、滋阴润燥、祛风利湿、消肿止痛、去热毒蕴结的臣、佐药联合用之,既有清热解毒、消肿止痛之较强功效,又达到滋阴润燥、益气补肾的目的。中医学所说的:“正气存,内邪不可干”“邪之所凑,其气必虚”。因此提高免疫功能,注意全身因素对治疗和预防口腔疾病是相当重要的,达到“扶正不留邪、祛邪不伤正”,扶助正气,增强体质,提高机体抗邪能力,祛除病邪,使邪去正安。
口腔内为有菌环境,食物残渣也常常滞留在牙齿间隙之间,牙垢与菌斑也大量粘附于牙齿表面及粘膜沟窝之中,因此局部用药除有治疗目的外,可以有效避免内服药物可能造成的耐药性、菌群失调和毒副作用,同时含漱冲涮致病因子也是非常必要的。中药不仅有其独特的药理作用,而且也具有某些西药难以达到的药效作用。因此,以中医为理论基础,以中药为主的口腔含漱剂不仅具有某些西药(如抗菌素)的药效作用,而且还能起到清洁口腔、调整局部的作用。
本发明所述的治疗复发性口疮和牙周病的含漱液具有配方合理、成分易得、生产工艺简单重现性好、疗效显著、毒副作用小,特点。用于治疗复发性口疮和牙周病,可显著消除本疾病引起的口腔溃疡、渗出、充血、出血、水肿和疼痛等症状,且不易复发,口感好,老幼皆宜。
具体实施方式
称取金银花30g、北豆根15g、乌骨藤15g、绞股蓝15g、手参10g、地桃花10g混合均匀后,再加入950g水浸泡4小时,煎煮2小时,收集滤液,将提取后的滤渣继续加入760g水煎煮2小时,收集滤液,合并两次滤液并滤过,浓缩至比重为1.10-1.15稠膏,再加入乙醇使含醇量为60-75%,搅拌均匀,0-10℃放置过夜,取上清液滤过,回收乙醇,得稠膏备用。另取蟾酥0.15g粉碎,装入小袋,加1.20ml浓度75%醇浸泡24小时,补充加入1.50ml浓度75%乙醇渗漉,收集渗漉液,回收乙醇,得稠膏备用。取薄荷脑0.35g加入1.75ml浓度为95%乙醇搅拌溶解后加入,继续加入防龋甜味剂2g、酸味调节剂0.5g、防腐剂2g加适量的纯化水溶解后加入稠膏中,加纯化水至1000ml搅拌均匀,杀菌消毒,过滤制成含漱液。
使用实施例制备的含漱液来进行治疗,使用方法:饭后漱口使用,一次15ml药液,口腔内鼓涮2分钟后吐出,一日4次。
治疗复发性口疮
共进行实验病例120例,按照上述使用方法,连续使用6天,观察治疗结果:
疗效评定标准:
1.显效:用药后溃疡面积消失或直径减少5mm以上,患处灼热痛消失,溃疡周围粘膜出血、水肿或渗出症状消失。
2.有效:用药后溃疡面积明显减小或即将愈合,患处灼热痛时有减轻,溃疡周围粘膜出血、水肿或渗出症状明显缓解。
3.无效:溃疡面积无改变或加重,溃疡疼痛。
三天显效率为73.33%,三天总有效率为98.33%,六天显效率为99.17%,总有效率为100.00%。临床试验过程中未发现明显的不良反应,安全可靠。且一年后回访,未发现疾病复发。
治疗牙周病
共进行实验病例120例,按照上述使用方法,连续使用2周,观察治疗结果:
疗效评定标准:
1.显效:用药后牙龈出血、口臭明显好转,牙周探诊深度减少2mm,出血指数和菌斑指数减少2级或其中一项减少3级以上。
2.有效:用药后牙龈出血、口臭有改善,牙周探诊深度减少1mm,出血指数和菌斑指数减少1级或其中一项减少2级。
3.无效:症状无改善。
结果:共进行实验病例120例,一周显效率为55.00%,一周总有效率为77.50%,二周显效率为79.17%,总有效率为88.33%。临床试验过程中未发现明显的不良反应,安全可靠。且一年后回访,未发现疾病复发。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的具体实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于治疗复发性口疮和牙周病的含漱液,其特征在于:按质量份数计,由如下成分组成:
金银花:5-30份,北豆根:2-15份,乌骨藤:2-15份,绞股蓝:2-15份,手参:2-15份,地桃花:2-15份,蟾酥:0.01-0.5份,薄荷脑:0.01-0.5份,防龋甜味剂:1-5份,酸味调节剂:0.1-0.5份,防腐剂:1-5份,纯化水:1000份;所述的酸味调节剂是乳酸、苹果酸、抗坏血酸、枸橼酸、醋酸中的任一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗复发性口疮和牙周病含漱液,其特征在于:所述的防龋甜味剂是山梨醇、麦芽糖醇、木糖醇、阿期巴甜、甜菊糖苷、安赛蜜中的一种或二种及以上的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的治疗复发性口疮和牙周病含漱液,其特征在于:所述的防腐剂是苯甲酸、苯甲酸钠、山梨酸、山梨酸钾、尼泊金甲酯、尼泊金乙酯、尼泊金丙酯中的任一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的治疗复发性口疮和牙周病含漱液的制备方法,其特征是由以下步骤制备:
取金银花、北豆根、乌骨藤、绞股蓝、手参、地桃花按照上述重量份数混合均匀后,再加入六味药材合计重量的6-10倍量水浸泡4小时,煎煮0.5-2小时,收集滤液,将提取后的滤渣继续加入6-10倍量水煎煮0.5-2小时,收集滤液,合并两次滤液并滤过,浓缩至比重为1.10-1.15稠膏,再加入乙醇使含醇量为60-75%,搅拌均匀,0-10℃放置过夜,取上清液滤过,回收乙醇,得稠膏备用。另取比例量的蟾酥粉碎,装入小袋,加药材重量的6-8倍量75%乙醇浸泡24小时,补充加入8-10倍量75%乙醇渗漉,收集渗漉液,回收乙醇,得稠膏备用。取薄荷脑加入适量乙醇溶解后加入,将比例量的防龋甜味剂、酸味调节剂、防腐剂加适量的纯化水溶解后加入稠膏中,加入适量的纯化水搅拌均匀,杀菌消毒,过滤制成含漱液。
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