CN104255906A - Huangguan pear preservative and application thereof - Google Patents
Huangguan pear preservative and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104255906A CN104255906A CN201410477154.XA CN201410477154A CN104255906A CN 104255906 A CN104255906 A CN 104255906A CN 201410477154 A CN201410477154 A CN 201410477154A CN 104255906 A CN104255906 A CN 104255906A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Huangguan pear preservative and an application method thereof. According to the Huangguan pear preservative, 0.5-15 percent by weight of salicylic acid and 0.005-0.015 percent by weight of brassinolide are taken as active ingredients, and certain auxiliary agents are added, and the Huangguan pear preservative is prepared into an aqueous solution, or wettable powder or water dispersible granules. When used after being diluted with water, the Huangguan pear preservative is sprayed twice before harvesting. The Huangguan pear preservative has the beneficial effects that the chicken claw disease can be effectively controlled, the adversity resistance of fruits can be induced, the yield is increased and the storage resistance after harvesting is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to postharvest technology of fruits and vegetables field, particularly a kind of Huangguan Pear antistaling agent and application thereof.
Background technology
Huangguan Pear is the important pear cultivation kind of China, be form with Chinese pear and Japan's new century pears hybridization cultivation, fruit is oval, its completely filled fruit, fruit face is bright and clean, fruit dot is small and dense, and pulp is pure white, and the little meat of core is fine and smooth, crisp, juice content enriches, local flavor sour-sweet is agreeable to the taste, and has strong fragrance, deeply likes by consumers in general.In addition, Huangguan Pear also has heart clearing, lung moistening, relieving cough and relieving asthma, moisturizes convenient, to sober up removing toxic substances effect, and suitable all kinds of crowd eats.Huangguan Pear is with its outer excellent, result early and year after year many good characteristics such as high yield, be subject to the favor of orchard worker, its adaptation zone is wide, is not only suitable in Huang, Huaihe River, the cultivation of extra large most area, and be also suitable for the Yangtze river basin and on the south most regional culture, development prospect is very wide.
When Huangguan Pear closed on the maturity period before gathering, as heavy rain cooling weather, fruit surface very easily produces pericarp foxiness, present irregularly shaped, like shank, therefore named " shank is sick ", 60-70% can be reached when the incidence of disease is serious, sick fruit exterior quality extreme difference, commodity value reduces greatly, often causes very large economic loss to orchard worker and fresh-keeping enterprise.There are some researches show, Huangguan Pear " shank is sick " is that fruit is to a kind of stress reaction under environment stress.People's researchs such as Zhu Xiangqiu think that Huangguan Pear jizhua disease is a kind of pericarp physiological disease, especially fruit bagging morbidity serious (Zhu Xiangqiu etc., " Huangguan Pear jizhua disease research status and prospect ", 2009 years, 09 phase, Hebei Agricultural Sciences); Marvin's can wait people's result to show, application of potash fertilizer increases the weight of Huangguan Pear jizhua disease disease and occurs, height connects the tree fruit incidence of disease and is significantly higher than field planting tree, the fruit morbidity of long fruit branch result is heavy, fruit spur morbidity is light, and the larger rainfall of nearly maturity period obviously increases the weight of the generation of this disease, and (Marvin's can wait, " research of Huangguan Pear jizhua disease characteristics of incidence ", 01 phase in 2007, Hebei Agricultural Sciences); Sun Rui thinks that different year, Different climate condition, different geographical environment, the different age of tree, different management etc. cause the generation difference (Sun Rui of Huangguan Pear jizhua disease, " generation of Hebei Xinji Huangguan Pear jizhua disease and precautionary measures ", 08 phase in 2012, fruit tree practical technique and information); The research such as Guan Junfeng shows, Ca content low in Huangguan Pear pericarp and Ca/Mg, Ca/K, Ca/ (Mg+K) ratio may be the major reason (Guan Junfengs of pericarp generation brown stain, " Huangguan Pear pericarp brown spot and Ca; Mg; the relation of K nutrition ", 03 phase in 2006, North China agronomy report).Visible, the front influence factor of adopting of Huangguan Pear jizhua disease is a lot, and it is larger than the difficulty of adopting rear control that Huangguan Pear jizhua disease adopts front control.
Huangguan Pear fruit is climacteric type, and have an obvious respiratory climacteric when adopting after ripening, after peak, fruit starts physiological aging occurs, and progressively loses storability.And Huangguan Pear pulp is tender crisp, tissue is subject to machinery wound, thus causes pathogenic microorganism to infect, and causes Huangguan Pear perishable in postharvest storage process, and quality declines.
The current research fresh-keeping for Huangguan Pear and application thereof focus mostly in postharvest storage process.The mode of slow cooling is mainly adopted to control the generation of Huangguan Pear jizhua disease in postharvest storage in commodity production, this method comparatively restrained effectively the brown stain of pericarp, but its operation comparatively bothers, cooling needs 15 ~ 20 days, slow owing to lowering the temperature, pears quality obviously reduces (in order to keep the quality of Huangguan Pear, needing to be cooled to about 0 DEG C as early as possible after adopting), rotting rate in circulation and shelf life after anaphase storage or outbound, the carpopodium rate that dries up is all higher, and fruit taste is also bad.Chinese patent CN 103053675A discloses a kind of preservation and freshness integrated conduct method of Huangguan Pear, comprise optimum period harvesting, process of replenishing the calcium, coating problems, the process of 1-methyl cyclopropene, packaging, precooling, refrigeration seven steps, the method plays good fresh-keeping effect, but prevent pericarp browning limited efficiency, and operating process is loaded down with trivial details; Chinese patent CN102132724 discloses and adopts ethylene gas to fumigate the pericarp browning suppressing Huangguan Pear, successful, but this process needs the condition of opposing seal; Chinese patent CN102077863 discloses and uses the sodium chloride solution of 0.5-10% to carry out immersion treatment Huangguan Pear 0.5-5h, can suppress browning of peel of yellow-crowned pearl, but the method exists the problem using trouble, salt marsh residual.
The process that above-mentioned research institute relates to and application are postharvest handling, cannot solve the fresh-keeping problem when Huangguan Pear is gathered, and the incidence of disease of Huangguan Pear shank picking time disease, reach 60-80% time serious, that causes suffers heavy losses.
Research for Huangguan Pear pre-harvest treatment is less, and production does not adopt the sick prophylactico-therapeutic measures preferably of front shank for Huangguan Pear at present.Chinese patent CN102845514A discloses and uses hydrogen peroxide pre-harvest treatment Huangguan Pear, Chinese patent CN102696754A discloses and uses glutathione pre-harvest treatment Huangguan Pear, Chinese patent CN102726514A discloses and uses Jasmonates compound pre-harvest treatment Huangguan Pear, above-mentioned three inventions, all obviously can suppress the brown stain of postharvest storage process mesocarp.But these three inventions are all suppression to the brown stain of postharvest storage process mesocarp, do not relate to the inhibition to adopting front pericarp browning, and these three invention pre-harvest treatment be all preharvest spraying once, define the opportunity of spraying strict, also carry out Synergistic in conjunction with other materials.The research such as Zhao Jingxian shows to cut sack, fruit leaching calcium all has certain inhibitory action (Zhao Jingxian etc., " research of Huangguan Pear jizhua disease integrated control technique ", 04 phase in 2008, fruit tree) to Huangguan Pear jizhua disease, but inhibition is limited, and troublesome poeration.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of Huangguan Pear antistaling agent and application thereof, Huangguan Pear can be alleviated and adopt the generation of front shank disease, reduce peasant planting loss, increase yield, improve fruit resistance and storage property, the generation that Huangguan Pear adopts shank disease in rear cold storage procedure can be reduced.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Huangguan Pear antistaling agent, is characterized in that: with salicylic acid and brassin lactones for active ingredient, wherein, salicylic content is 0.5-15wt%, and the content of brassin lactones is 0.005-0.015wt%; Described brassin lactones is brassin lactones or propionylbrassinolide.
Described Huangguan Pear antistaling agent can be aqua, comprises the component of following masses percentage: salicylic acid 0.5-15 wt %, brassin lactones 0.005-0.015 wt %, ethanol 1-10 wt %, dodecyl salt 1-5wt%, and water supplies surplus; Dodecyl salt is one or both in lauryl sodium sulfate, neopelex.
The component of this antistaling agent is preferably: salicylic acid 5-10 wt%, brassin lactones 0.01-0.015 wt %, ethanol 3-7 wt %, dodecyl salt 3-5wt%, and water supplies surplus; Dodecyl salt is one or both in lauryl sodium sulfate, neopelex.
Described Huangguan Pear antistaling agent can be wettable powder, comprises the component of following masses percentage: salicylic acid 0.5-15 wt%, brassin lactones 0.005-0.015 wt %, dispersion moisture agent 1-10%, surplus supplied by filler.
Described dispersion moisture agent is one or more in Sulfonates, Sulfates, polycarboxylic acid salt;
Described Sulfonates dispersion moisture agent comprises lignosulfonates, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, alkylbenzenesulfonate.The commodity related to comprise Borresperse NA, Ufoxane 3A, Morwet D-425, Tamol DN, neopelex, Nekal BX, Petro AA, but are not limited thereto.
Described Sulfates dispersion moisture agent comprises alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether formaldehyde condensation products sulfate, alkyl sulfate.The commodity related to comprise SOPA-270, WPA-9001, WPA9026, lauryl sodium sulfate, W-2001, but are not limited thereto.
Described polycarboxylic acid salt's dispersion moisture agent comprises the copolymer sodium salt of acrylic acid and maleic acid and the copolymer sodium salt of ammonium salt, methacrylic acid and maleic acid and amine (ammonium) salt, butene dioic acid and cinnamic copolymer sodium salt and ammonium salt.The commodity related to comprise GY-D06, GY-D800, TERSPERSE 2700, CP9, but are not limited thereto.
Described filler is one or more in sodium sulphate, ammonium sulfate, potter's clay, white carbon, precipitated calcium carbonate, is preferably sodium sulphate, ammonium sulfate.
The component of this antistaling agent is preferably: salicylic acid 5-10 wt %, brassin lactones 0.01-0.015 wt %, dispersion moisture agent 3-6wt%, surplus supplied by filler.
Described Huangguan Pear antistaling agent can be water dispersible granules, comprises the component of following masses percentage: salicylic acid 0.5-15 wt %, brassin lactones 0.005-0.015 wt %, dispersion moisture agent 1-10wt%, disintegrant 1-5wt%, adhesive 1-5wt%, surplus supplied by filler.
Described dispersion moisture agent is one or more in Sulfonates, Sulfates, polycarboxylic acid salt; The trade name that relates to of described dispersion moisture agent identical with dispersion moisture agent in wettable powder.
Described filler is one or more in kaolin, potter's clay, bentonite, white carbon, precipitated calcium carbonate; Described disintegrant is one or more in ammonium sulfate, sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, calcium chloride, urea, cellulose, sodium acid carbonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone; Described adhesive is one or more in soluble starch, polyethylene glycol, dextrin, polyvinyl alcohol, fructose, hydroxyethylcellulose.
The component of this antistaling agent is preferably, and salicylic acid 5-10 wt %, brassin lactones 0.01-0.015 wt %, dispersion moisture agent 3-6wt%, disintegrant 2-4wt%, adhesive 2-4wt%, surplus supplied by filler.
Described salicylic acid and the mass ratio of brassin lactones are 400-1500:1.
Described salicylic acid and the mass ratio of brassin lactones are preferably 800-1000:1.
Described Huangguan Pear is the Huangguan Pear of bagging, and its effect can alleviate Huangguan Pear to adopt shank disease in front and postharvest storage process, and increase yield, improves fruit resistance and storage property.
The application process of this antistaling agent is, by antistaling agent dilute with water 500 ~ 1000 times during use, Huangguan Pear preharvest spraying twice.
Twice sprinkling is respectively and within 14-20 days before Huangguan Pear is gathered, starts to spray first time antistaling agent, within 7-10 days before Huangguan Pear is gathered, starts to spray second time antistaling agent.
Huangguan Pear preharvest spraying, preferably, before adopting in 7-20 days, if any heavy rain cooling weather, selects within 12-48 hour before rain, spray.
Above-mentioned spraying refers to that use sprayer or similar equipment are sprayed, and sprays during spray application to fruit, blade, generally has the whole strain fruit tree of fruit to spray to long, also can only spray fruit growth position.
Described rainfall cooling weather is successive cloudy days, thunder shower, moderate rain, heavy or torrential rain along with temperature fluctuation, temperature decrease more than 8 degree in 24 hours.
In production practices, the weather forecast degree of accuracy local due to short-term is higher, especially rainfall the weather forecast Technical comparing sharply changed along with temperature is ripe, accuracy is higher, in production practices, technical staff according to the situation of actual weather condition in conjunction with weather forecast, can make relatively accurate judgement to rainfall cooling weather, holds the opportunity of dispenser in time.
Salicylic acid is a kind of anti-cold, Plant elicitors, can induce the systemic resistance of fruit, plays the effect of " shank is sick " before suppressing Huangguan Pear to be adopted, and improves the storage property of fruit.Brassin lactones, is a kind of new plant endogenous hormones, can promotes cell division, improve the activity of fruit endoenzyme, improve sugar content and the protein content of fruit, improve fruit quality, increase yield, also can improve fruit tree and fruit resists cold, drought-enduring, waterlogging etc. ability, improves anti-adversity ability.
Antistaling agent of the present invention with salicylic acid in conjunction with brassin lactones for active ingredient, the object of Synergistic can be reached.
The preparation method of above-mentioned antistaling agent
Aqua: conveniently prepared by preparation method.Concrete preparation method is:
First dissolve brassin lactones with ethanol, add water and salicylic acid mixing, then add lauryl sodium sulfate (or dodecyl sodium sulfate) and dissolve and mix, filter, obtain finished product, through packing, namely become aqua.
Wettable powder: conveniently prepared by preparation method.Concrete preparation method is:
Salicylic acid, brassin lactones, dispersion moisture agent, filler are mixed according to a certain ratio.After mixing, be crushed to 300-400 order.Preferably, first brassin lactones and dispersion moisture agent, filler are carried out mixing for more than 2 times according to a certain ratio, then mix with salicylic acid, after mixing, adopt airslide disintegrating mill to be crushed to 300-400 order.
Water dispersible granules: wet method can be adopted also can to adopt dry process.Preparation method of the present invention is preferably the extruder grain in dry method, and concrete preparation method is:
First first brassin lactones and filler are carried out mixing for more than 2 times according to a certain ratio; mix with salicylic acid, dispersion moisture agent, disintegrant again, after mixing, after airslide disintegrating mill is pulverized; add a certain amount of aqueous solution containing adhesive; mediate in kneader, make plastic material, wherein moisture is at 15%-20%; finally send this material to Squeezinggranulator; carry out granulation, by dry, sieve, obtain finished product, obtain water dispersible granules product through packing.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. to adopt the sick prevention effect of front shank to Huangguan Pear good for this Huangguan Pear antistaling agent, induce and strengthen the resistance of fruit, thus improving the ability of fruit reply adverse circumstance, reaching degeneration-resistant and the effect increased production;
2. after this Huangguan Pear antistaling agent pre-harvest treatment Huangguan Pear, the incidence of Huangguan Pear jizhua disease can be reduced, improve Huangguan Pear and adopt rear storage property;
3. can be prepared into aqua, wettable powder, dispersible granula, formulation variation, use flexibly;
4. antistaling agent preparation method of the present invention is simple, and raw material is easy to get, and security is high, Be very effective, has wide market prospects.
Specific embodiment
The following example further illustrates of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
Component and content: salicylic acid 0.5wt%, brassin lactones 0.005 wt%, ethanol 1 wt%, lauryl sodium sulfate 1 wt%, surplus are water.
Method for making: conveniently preparation method is prepared into aqua.Concrete preparation method is:
First dissolve brassin lactones with ethanol, add water and salicylic acid mixing, then add lauryl sodium sulfate (or dodecyl sodium sulfate) and dissolve and mix, filter, obtain finished product, through packing, namely become aqua.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 14 days and spray process, adopts and within first 7 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 500 times, then process is sprayed to whole fruit tree.
Gather: start to gather when Huangguan Pear grows to 230 ~ 270g.Wound, sick, wormed fruit is rejected when gathering.
Packaging: after Huangguan Pear is gathered, wrap 1 layer of common tin foil single fruit cover net, then loaded by Huangguan Pear in the carton of liner PE freshness protection package, and separated by pears with partition, folding freshness protection package sack, carton seals.
Storage: rapidly Huangguan Pear having boxing is put into freezer cooling, core temperature maintains-1 ~ 0 DEG C and refrigerates.
Embodiment 2
Component and content: salicylic acid 0.5 wt%, brassin lactones 0.015 wt%, ethanol 3 wt%, neopelex 2 wt%, surplus are water.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 14 days and spray process, adopts and within first 10 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 700 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Component and content: salicylic acid 0.5 wt%, propionylbrassinolide 0.01 wt%, ethanol 3 wt%, lauryl sodium sulfate 1 wt%, neopelex 1 wt%, surplus are water.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 14 days and spray process, adopts and within first 8 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
Component and content: salicylic acid 15 wt%, brassin lactones 0.005 wt%, ethanol 8 wt%, neopelex 4 wt%, surplus are water.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 20 days and spray process, adopts and within first 7 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 700 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
Component and content: salicylic acid 15 wt%, brassin lactones 0.01 wt%, ethanol 8 wt%, neopelex 5 wt%, surplus are water.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 20 days and spray process, adopts and within first 10 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6
Component and content: salicylic acid 15 wt%, brassin lactones 0.015 wt%, ethanol 8 wt%, neopelex 5 wt%, surplus are water.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 20 days and spray process, adopts and within first 8 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 500 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7
Component and content: salicylic acid 5 wt%, brassin lactones 0.01 wt%, ethanol 3 wt%, neopelex 3 wt%, surplus are water.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 17 days and spray process, processing in latter 12 hours cooling of raining, adopts and within first 10 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 8
Component and content: salicylic acid 5 wt%, propionylbrassinolide 0.015wt%, ethanol 7 wt%, lauryl sodium sulfate 5 wt%, surplus are water.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 15 days and spray process, processing in latter 24 hours cooling of raining, adopts and within first 9 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 9
Component and content: salicylic acid 5wt%, brassin lactones 0.012wt%, ethanol 5 wt%, lauryl sodium sulfate 2 wt%, neopelex 2 wt%, surplus are water.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 14 days and spray process, adopts and within first 8 days, carries out second time and spray process, processing in latter 36 hours cooling of raining.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 10
Component and content: salicylic acid 10 wt%, brassin lactones 0.01 wt%, ethanol 3 wt%, neopelex 3 wt%, surplus are water.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 17 days and spray process, processing in latter 48 hours cooling of raining, adopts and within first 10 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 11
Component and content: salicylic acid 10 wt%, brassin lactones 0.015wt%, ethanol 7 wt%, lauryl sodium sulfate 5 wt%, surplus are water.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 15 days and spray process, processing in latter 48 hours cooling of raining, adopts and within first 9 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 500 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 12
Component and content: salicylic acid 10wt%, brassin lactones 0.012wt%, ethanol 5 wt%, lauryl sodium sulfate 2 wt%, neopelex 2 wt%, surplus are water.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 14 days and spray process, adopts and within first 8 days, carries out second time and spray process, processing in latter 12 hours cooling of raining.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 700 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 13
Component and content: salicylic acid 6wt%, brassin lactones 0.015wt%, ethanol 5 wt%, lauryl sodium sulfate 2 wt%, neopelex 2 wt%, surplus are water.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 14 days and spray process, adopts and within first 8 days, carries out second time and spray process, processing in latter 24 hours cooling of raining.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 14
Component and content: salicylic acid 6 wt%, brassin lactones 0.012 wt%, ethanol 3 wt%, neopelex 2 wt%, surplus are water.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 14 days and spray process, Huangguan Pear is adopted and within first 10 days, is carried out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 15
Component and content: salicylic acid 6wt%, brassin lactones 0.01 wt%, ethanol 3 wt%, lauryl sodium sulfate 1 wt%, neopelex 1 wt%, surplus are water.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 14 days and spray process, adopts and within first 10 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 500 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 16
Component and content: salicylic acid 0.5 wt%, propionylbrassinolide 0.005 wt%, Borresperse NA 1 wt%, sodium sulphate 98.495 wt%.
Preparation method: first brassin lactones and dispersion moisture agent, filler are carried out according to a certain ratio 2 mixing, then mix with salicylic acid, after mixing, adopts airslide disintegrating mill to be crushed to 300-400 order, makes wettable powder.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 14 days and spray process, adopts and carries out second time process for first 7 days, processing in latter 24 hours cooling of raining.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 500 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 17
Component and content: salicylic acid 0.5 wt%, brassin lactones 0.01 wt%, SOPA-270 2 wt%, white carbon 6 wt%, potter's clay 91.4 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 16.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 14 days and spray process, processing in latter 36 hours cooling of raining, adopts and within first 10 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 800 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 18
Component and content: salicylic acid 0.5 wt%, brassin lactones 0.015wt%, GY-D06 2 wt%, ammonium sulfate 97.485 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 16.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 14 days and spray process, adopts and within first 8 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 19
Component and content: salicylic acid 15 wt%, propionylbrassinolide 0.005 wt%, Ufoxane 3A 4 wt%, WPA-9001 4 wt%, precipitated calcium carbonate 18 wt%, sodium sulphate 58.995 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 16.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 16 days and spray process, adopts and within first 7 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 600 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 20
Component and content: salicylic acid 15 wt%, brassin lactones 0.1 wt%, Morwet D-425 6 wt%, GY-D800 4 wt%, potter's clay 54.9 wt%, white carbon 20 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 16.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 16 days and spray process, adopts and within first 10 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 21
Component and content: salicylic acid 15wt%, brassin lactones 0.015wt%, WPA9026 3wt%, TERSPERSE 2,700 7 wt%, sodium sulphate 74.985 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 16.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 16 days and spray process, adopts and within first 9 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 22
Component and content: salicylic acid 5 wt%, brassin lactones 0.01 wt%, Tamol DN 2 wt%, neopelex 1 wt%, sodium sulphate 23 wt%, ammonium sulfate 40 wt%, potter's clay 28.99 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 16.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 18 days and spray process, adopts and within first 7 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 800 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 23
Component and content: salicylic acid 5 wt%, brassin lactones 0.015wt%, Nekal BX 2 wt%, lauryl sodium sulfate 1 wt%, CP9 1 wt%, sodium sulphate 90.985 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 16.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 18 days and spray process, adopts and within first 10 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 24
Component and content: salicylic acid 5 wt%, brassin lactones 0.012 wt%, Petro AA 3 wt%, W-2001 3 wt%, precipitated calcium carbonate 46wt%, potter's clay 42.988 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 16.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 18 days and spray process, adopts and within first 8 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 500 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 25
Component and content: salicylic acid 6 wt%, brassin lactones 0.01 wt%, GY-D06 2 wt%, ammonium sulfate 91.99 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 16.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 14 days and spray process, adopts and within first 8 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 26
Component and content: salicylic acid 6 wt%, brassin lactones 0.015 wt%, Ufoxane 3A 4 wt%, WPA-9001 4 wt%, precipitated calcium carbonate 18 wt%, sodium sulphate 67.985 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 16.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 16 days and spray process, adopts and within first 7 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 800 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 27
Component and content: salicylic acid 6 wt%, brassin lactones 0.012 wt%, Morwet D-425 6 wt%, GY-D800 4 wt%, potter's clay 54.9 wt%, white carbon 29.088 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 16.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 16 days and spray process, adopts and within first 10 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 28
Component and content: salicylic acid 10wt%, brassin lactones 0.01 wt%, Tamol DN 2 wt%, neopelex 1 wt%, sodium sulphate 24 wt%, ammonium sulfate 40 wt%, potter's clay 22.99 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 16.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 18 days and spray process, adopts and within first 7 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 500 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 29
Component and content: salicylic acid 10wt%, brassin lactones 0.015 wt%, Nekal BX 2 wt%, lauryl sodium sulfate 1 wt%, CP9 1 wt%, sodium sulphate 85.985 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 16.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 18 days and spray process, adopts and within first 10 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 30
Component and content: salicylic acid 10 wt%, brassin lactones 0.012wt%, Petro AA 3 wt%, W-2001 3 wt%, precipitated calcium carbonate 46 wt%, potter's clay 37.988wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 16.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 18 days and spray process, adopts and within first 8 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Embodiment 31
Component and content: salicylic acid 10wt%, brassin lactones 0.015 wt%, Nekal BX 2 wt%, GY-D06 3 wt%, ammonium sulfate 2 wt%, sodium sulphate 1 wt%, soluble starch 1 wt%, polyethylene glycol 1 wt%, kaolin 79.985 wt%.
Preparation method: first brassin lactones and filler are carried out mixing for more than 2 times according to a certain ratio; mix with salicylic acid, dispersion moisture agent, disintegrant again; after mixing; after airslide disintegrating mill is pulverized; add a certain amount of aqueous solution containing adhesive; mediate in kneader; make plastic material; wherein moisture is at 15%-20%; finally send this material to Squeezinggranulator; carry out granulation, by dry, sieve, obtain finished product, obtain water dispersible granules product through packing.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 14 days and spray process, adopts and carries out second time process for first 7 days, processing in latter 48 hours cooling of raining.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 500 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 32
Component and content: salicylic acid 5wt%, brassin lactones 0.01 wt%, Borresperse NA 1 wt%, SOPA-270 2 wt%, sodium carbonate 1 wt%, calcium chloride 2 wt%, urea 1 wt%, dextrin 2 wt%, polyvinyl alcohol 2 wt%, potter's clay 40 wt%, bentonite 43.99 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 31.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 18 days and spray process, adopts and within first 10 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 33
Component and content: salicylic acid 0.5wt%, brassin lactones 0.005 wt%, Ufoxane 3A 2 wt%, WPA-9001 4 wt%, cellulose 1 wt%, sodium acid carbonate 1 wt%, fructose 2 wt%, white carbon 20 wt%, precipitated calcium carbonate 69.495 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 31.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 16 days and spray process, adopts and within first 10 days, carries out second time and spray process.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 1000 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 34:
Component and content: salicylic acid 15wt%, brassin lactones 0.015 wt%, Morwet D-425 6 wt%, polyvinylpyrrolidone 5 wt%, hydroxyethylcellulose 5 wt%, precipitated calcium carbonate 20 wt%, potter's clay 48.985 wt%.
Preparation method is with embodiment 31.
Pre-harvest treatment: Huangguan Pear is adopted and carried out first time for first 14 days and spray process, adopts and carries out second time process for first 7 days, processing in latter 24 hours cooling of raining.Above-mentioned antistaling agent is watered dilution 500 times, then process is sprayed to the fruit tree of whole.
Other operation is with embodiment 1.
When Huangguan Pear is gathered and storage 8 months after, add up above-mentioned Huangguan Pear antistaling agent respectively to the fresh-keeping effect of Huangguan Pear.Wherein relate to control treatment to be respectively:
Contrast 1 for Huangguan Pear before adopting 16 days use 10% aqueous solution of salicylic acid be watered 750 times spray first time, adopt first 8 days use 10% aqueous solution of salicylic acid be watered 750 times spray second time.
Contrast 2 for Huangguan Pear before adopting 16 days use 0.01% brassin lactones ethanol water be watered 750 times spray first time, adopt first 8 days use 0.01% brassin lactones ethanol water be watered 750 times spray second time.
Contrast 3, for not use the process of Huangguan Pear antistaling agent, adds up its shank picking time sick, pack with above-mentioned process, be directly cooled to-1 ~ 0 DEG C.
Contrast 4 is not for use the process of Huangguan Pear antistaling agent, and pack with above-mentioned process, entering Kuku temperature is 9 DEG C, and after warehouse-in, every day lowers the temperature 1 DEG C, and being cooled to core temperature is-1 ~ 0 DEG C, and preserves in this temperature.
below the effect that different embodiment antistaling agent and contrast are used:
Claims (14)
1. a Huangguan Pear antistaling agent, is characterized in that: with salicylic acid and brassin lactones for active ingredient, wherein, salicylic content is 0.5-15wt%, and the content of brassin lactones is 0.005-0.015wt%; Described brassin lactones is brassin lactones or propionylbrassinolide.
2. Huangguan Pear antistaling agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this antistaling agent is aqua, comprises the component of following masses percentage: salicylic acid 0.5-15 wt %, brassin lactones 0.005-0.015 wt %, ethanol 1-10 wt %, dodecyl salt 1-5wt%, water supplies surplus; Dodecyl salt is one or both in lauryl sodium sulfate, neopelex.
3. Huangguan Pear antistaling agent according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the component of this antistaling agent is preferably: salicylic acid 5-10 wt %, brassin lactones 0.01-0.015 wt %, ethanol 3-7 wt %, dodecyl salt 3-5%, and water supplies surplus; Dodecyl salt is one or both in lauryl sodium sulfate, neopelex.
4. Huangguan Pear antistaling agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this antistaling agent is wettable powder, comprise the component of following masses percentage: salicylic acid 0.5-15wt%, brassin lactones 0.005-0.015 wt %, dispersion moisture agent 1-10wt%, surplus supplied by filler.
5. Huangguan Pear antistaling agent according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described dispersion moisture agent is one or more in Sulfonates, Sulfates, polycarboxylic acid salt; Described filler is one or more in sodium sulphate, ammonium sulfate, potter's clay, white carbon, precipitated calcium carbonate, is preferably sodium sulphate, ammonium sulfate.
6. Huangguan Pear antistaling agent according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the component of this antistaling agent is preferably: salicylic acid 5-10 wt %, brassin lactones 0.01-0.015 wt %, dispersion moisture agent 3-6wt%, surplus supplied by filler.
7. Huangguan Pear antistaling agent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this antistaling agent is water dispersible granules, comprise the component of following masses percentage: salicylic acid 0.5-15wt%, brassin lactones 0.005-0.015 wt %, dispersion moisture agent 1-10wt%, disintegrant 1-5wt%, adhesive 1-5wt%, surplus supplied by filler.
8. Huangguan Pear antistaling agent according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described dispersion moisture agent is one or more in Sulfonates, Sulfates, polycarboxylic acid salt; Described filler is one or more in kaolin, potter's clay, bentonite, white carbon, precipitated calcium carbonate; Described disintegrant is one or more in ammonium sulfate, sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, calcium chloride, urea, cellulose, sodium acid carbonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone; Described adhesive is one or more in soluble starch, polyethylene glycol, dextrin, polyvinyl alcohol, fructose, hydroxyethylcellulose.
9. Huangguan Pear antistaling agent according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the component of this antistaling agent is preferably, and salicylic acid 5-10wt%, brassin lactones 0.01-0.015wt%, dispersion moistening 3-6wt%, disintegrant 2-4wt%, adhesive 2-4wt%, surplus supplied by filler.
10. Huangguan Pear antistaling agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described salicylic acid and the mass ratio of brassin lactones are 400-1500:1.
11. Huangguan Pear antistaling agents according to claim 10, is characterized in that, described salicylic acid and the mass ratio of brassin lactones are preferably 800-1000:1.
The application of 12. Huangguan Pear antistaling agents according to claim 1, is characterized in that, by this antistaling agent dilute with water 500 ~ 1000 times, Huangguan Pear preharvest spraying twice; Its effect alleviates the Huangguan Pear jizhua disease incidence of disease, increase yield, improves fruit resistance and storage property.
The application of 13. Huangguan Pear antistaling agents according to claim 12, is characterized in that, Huangguan Pear sprays antistaling agent in 14-20 days before gathering for the first time, and Huangguan Pear sprays antistaling agent in 7-10 days before gathering for the second time.
The application of 14. Huangguan Pear antistaling agents according to claim 13, is characterized in that, Huangguan Pear preharvest spraying, preferably, before adopting in 7-20 days, meets rainfall cooling weather, selects within 12-48 hour before rain, spray.
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| CN113511939A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-19 | 湖南国益环保科技有限公司 | Foliar fertilizer for exogenous selenium of plants and preparation and use methods thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150107 |