TWI487484B - A plant growth regulating composition that enhances plant - Google Patents

Description

Plant growth regulating composition for improving plant drought resistance

The present invention relates to a plant growth regulating composition for improving drought resistance of plants; in particular, a plant growth regulating composition which can improve the drought resistance of plants when the plants are subjected to drought or insufficient water in the environment, so that the plants can grow smoothly and increase the yield.

The conditions required for the growth of plants are mainly four: one, moisture; two, sunlight; three, temperature; four, air. Among them, the three factors of sunlight, temperature and air are mainly determined by the environment, while water is a factor that can be controlled by humans.

The water required by plants is mainly absorbed by the root hairs of the plant roots, so the regulation of soil moisture is closely related to the growth and flowering of plants. In addition to soil moisture, the moisture content in the air, the so-called "humidity", is also very important. The moisture content in the air is usually expressed as relative humidity, which is the amount of water vapor contained in the air and the amount of saturated water vapor at the same temperature.

Drought damage refers to the damage caused to plants by lack of soil moisture or low relative humidity in the air. The resistance of plants to drought damage is called drought resistance. The drought of plants can be divided into (1) environmental drought and (2) physiological drought, wherein the environmental drought includes the above soil drought and air drought, wherein soil drought refers to the lack of water available for plants in the soil, if the soil is in winter The stored water is completely depleted, and the rainfall in spring and summer is insufficient. In summer and autumn, soil drought will occur. That is, the dry soil cannot supply water to the plants, and the plants will wither. The air drought is when the temperature is high. The relative humidity of the air is small (<20%). The plant destroys the water balance due to excessive evaporation of water, which is the air drought. The common air drought is the burning wind. In addition, the physiological drought is caused by poor soil ventilation, excessive salt or low soil temperature, which makes the roots unable to absorb the water from the soil, which causes the plants to be dehydrated. Physiological drought.

Since the above various droughts often cause growth and development of plants or crops, and the production of good plants or crops cannot be obtained, it is therefore necessary to provide a plant growth regulating composition for improving plant drought resistance, so that plants are reduced due to drought. The loss of harvest, at the same time, by increasing the drought resistance of plants, can also reduce the plant's demand for water, thereby reducing the waste of water, and at the same time, it can improve the yield of plants.

In order to reduce the demand for moisture of the current planting plant, the present invention provides a plant growth regulating composition for improving plant drought resistance, which can improve the drought resistance of the plant, reduce the water required for plant cultivation, and increase the plant surface. It has the advantage of strong drought resistance when the environment is insufficient, and maintains the good productivity and quality of the plant.

To achieve the above and other objects, the present invention provides a plant growth regulating composition for improving plant drought resistance comprising: A) fructooligosaccharide, and B) water-soluble chitosan.

The plant growth regulating composition as described above, wherein the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is from 1:0.1 to 100, more preferably from 1:0.1 to 50.

The plant growth regulating composition as described above, wherein the concentration of the component A fructooligosaccharide ranges from 1.0 to 1000.0 ppm, and the concentration of the component B water-soluble chitosan ranges from 1.0 to 10000.0 ppm.

The plant growth regulating composition as described above, further comprising a component C, and the component C is selected from the group consisting of glucose, glycine and glutamic acid.

The plant growth regulating composition as described above, wherein the weight ratio of the component A, the component B and the component C is 1:0.01 to 100:0.01 to 5,000, more preferably 1:0.01 to 100:0.01 to 1000.

The plant growth regulating composition as described above, wherein the concentration of the component A fructooligosaccharide ranges from 1.0 to 1000.0 ppm, the concentration of the water-soluble chitosan of the component B ranges from 1.0 to 10000.0 ppm, and the concentration range of the component C It is 0.001%~10.0%.

The plant growth regulating composition for improving drought resistance of plants provided by the invention can be applied to different crops in a timely and appropriate amount, so that the crops to be applied can improve the drought resistance, and can also improve the production quality of the plants and the production. Revenue.

In order to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail by the following specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

The invention provides a plant growth regulating composition for improving drought resistance of plants, wherein the application object (crop) comprises: cereal crops, which comprise: corn, wheat, rice, cotton, tobacco and flowers, and the flower system comprises: chrysanthemum , peony, jellyfish, impatiens, rose, camellia, string red, Milan, magnolia, dianthus, violet and lotus; etc.; fruit trees, including: apple, hawthorn, pear, grape, banana, pineapple, mango, jujube, persimmon, citrus , pomelo, lemon, strawberry, peach, apricot, plum, plum, cherry, walnut, chestnut, lychee, longan, papaya and sugar cane; ornamental plants; vegetables, including: rapeseed, cucumber, pumpkin, watermelon, melon, celery , onions, cabbage, eggplant, tomato, pepper, sweet pepper, lettuce, kale, radish, carrot, kidney bean, bowl of beans, soybeans and potatoes; pasture; Chinese herbal medicine and grass Ping and so on. The plant growth regulating composition for improving plant drought resistance is particularly suitable for various crops, flowers, pastures, lawns and trees.

In general, the fructooligosaccharide used in the plant growth regulating composition of the present invention has a concentration ranging from 1.0 to 1000.0 ppm, preferably from 1.0 to 500.0 ppm, most preferably from 1.0 to 300.0 ppm; and water-soluble chitosan is used. The concentration ranges from 1.0 to 1000.0 ppm, preferably from 1.0 to 500.0 ppm, most preferably from 1.0 to 300.0 ppm; and the concentration of at least one growth regulating substance in the component C ranges from 0.001% to 10.0%, preferably 0.001%. ~1.0%, the best is 0.005%~0.1%.

Furthermore, in the plant growth regulating composition provided by the present invention, the ratio range (weight ratio) of fructooligosaccharide: water-soluble chitosan is 1:0.01 to 100, preferably 1:0.1 to 50. Fructooligosaccharide: water-soluble chitosan: component C) has a ratio range (weight ratio) of 1:0.01 to 100:0.01 to 1000, preferably 1:0.01 to 50:0.01 to 500.

Further, the plant growth regulating composition provided by the present invention may further contain a synergist. The synergist is selected from the group consisting of fulvic acid, calcium chloride, hydrogencarbonate, amino acids, acetic acid, lactic acid, calcium gluconate, vitamins, organic fertilizers, nutrients and mineral elements, etc. .

The application dosage of the plant growth regulating composition provided by the present invention may vary within a relatively wide range and depending on the type of application (including: foliar application, smearing, rooting, seed dressing or injection, etc.), the type of cultivated plant, Plant growth period and climatic conditions and other factors. In general, the compositions according to the invention are applied at a dose of from 0.01 to 2.5 kg of active ingredient per hectare. In general, the dosage of the plant growth regulating composition provided by the present invention at the time of application is not critical, and it is critical that the concentration of fructooligosaccharide in the plant growth regulating composition provided by the present invention should be maintained at 1.0~. 500ppm.

The plant growth regulating composition provided by the present invention is used in the form of a conventional preparation. They are used in a conventional manner, usually in the form of adjuvants used in formulation processing techniques, or Such as: emulsifiable concentrate, direct sprayable or dilutable solution, dilutable emulsion, wettable powder, soluble powder, powder, granule or microcapsule. The method of application is carried out in a manner suitable for the plant growth regulating composition, such as spraying, misting, dusting, wetting, spraying or pouring, which can be selected according to the purpose of the implementation and the environment.

Drought resistance of plants

Plant drought resistance is an adaptive response of plants. It refers to plants that have the characteristics of enduring drought and minimizing damage and minimizing production. The morphological structure adapted to drought conditions is: the root system is developed and deep, and the root/crown ratio is large (effectively utilizing soil moisture, especially in the deep water of the soil, and maintaining water balance); the leaf cells are small (which can reduce cell shrinkage) Mechanical damage); dense veins, a large number of stomata per unit area (enhanced transpiration, favorable water absorption). The physiological characteristics adapted to drought conditions are: low osmotic potential of cell fluid (anti-dehydration), late stomatal closure under water shortage, photosynthesis should not stop immediately and enzyme activity still predominate (still maintain a certain level of physiology) Activity, synthesis is greater than decomposition). For example, the root/crown ratio of different drought-tolerant plants (expressed in dry weight, the unit of root is milligrams, the unit of aboveground is grams), IR20 rice is 49, agriculture and forestry 21 rice is 117, corn is 146, sorghum It is 209. The larger the root/crown, the more drought-resistant. Using this feature, crop varieties with different drought resistance can be selected as parents of drought-resistant breeding, and the drought-resistant breeding steps can be accelerated.

The drought resistance coefficient of growth index is a relatively common indicator for plant drought resistance identification. It is the ratio of drought stress yield to non-drought stress yield, ie drought resistance coefficient (Dc) = stress yield (YD) / non-stress yield (YP), which can reflect the sensitivity to drought in different plants of the same plant. Due to the different degrees of drought stress during the year, the drought resistance coefficient has a large fluctuation value, and it is impossible to compare between years.

Scholar Lan Ju definition: drought resistance index DI = drought resistance coefficient (Dc) × dryland yield (YD) / average yield of all varieties YD. The drought resistance index is related to the drought resistance coefficient and also related to dryland yield. This indicates that the drought resistance index reflects the stable yield of the variety under different water conditions, and reflects the yield level of the variety under dryland conditions.

In addition, the germination rate, seedling survival rate, dry matter accumulation rate, leaf area, leaf yellow leaf number, leaf expansion rate, and powder interval time (ASI) of plants under drought conditions can also be used for drought resistance identification. .

In the present invention, each component of the plant growth regulating composition for improving drought resistance of plants has different uses for plants in the prior art, wherein the fructooligosaccharide acts on the plant growth and development activation inducing factor; water-soluble chitosan As an anti-infective inducing factor of plants, it has antibacterial and insect-repellent effects; glucose can not only be used as a source of energy for plants, but also an important signal for controlling developmental and growth genes; glycine can also be used as a source of energy for plants, or as a control An important signal for the genes that develop and grow; glutamate, also a source of energy for plants, can also serve as an important signal for genes that control development and growth.

As a plant growth regulating composition for improving drought resistance in plants of the present invention, Fructooligosaccharide (FOS), also known as fructan, oligofructose, has a molecular formula of GF-Fn (G is glucose, F is fructose, n=1~3) is a general term for a group of oligosaccharides formed by binding a plurality of D-fructose to a sucrose molecule by a β-1,2-glycosidic bond. Fructooligosaccharides are widely found in bananas, barley, garlic, onions, rye, potatoes, Jerusalem artichoke, wheat and virgin wheat, but extraction is difficult and difficult to produce in batches. Commercial oligosaccharide preparations mainly use microorganisms and plants. The fructosyltransferase active enzyme acts on sucrose; and the fructooligosaccharide in the plant growth regulating composition for improving plant drought resistance is mainly oligotriosaccharide (GF2, 1-Kestose) and oligosaccharide. Tetrasaccharide (GF3, Nystose) and oligofructose (GF4, 1F-β-D-fructofuranosyl nystose), the appearance can be white particles, powder, can be clear transparent colorless to slightly yellow syrup, dissolved in water can It shows a sweet taste.

The invention discloses a specification of water-soluble chitin in a plant growth regulating composition for improving drought resistance of plants: the raw material is crab shell or shrimp shell, the appearance thereof is light yellow, the molecular weight is 5-250 cps, the particle size is above 140 mesh, and the The twist is 90% or more, the moisture is 10% or less, and the ash content is 1% or less. In water, the total heavy metal content is 10 ppm or less, the arsenic content is 1 ppm or less, Escherichia coli is negative, the number of bacteria is 3000/g or less, protein is not present, and the pH is 4-5.

In the invention, the glucose in the plant growth regulating composition for improving drought resistance of the plant is food grade, the purity is more than 99%; the glycine acid is food grade, the purity is more than 95%; the glutamic acid is food grade, and the purity is more than 95%. Fruit oligosaccharides are food grade with a purity of over 97%.

In the present invention, a plant growth regulating composition for improving plant drought resistance is used in a food crop such as wheat, rice, corn, millet or sorghum, and the time and frequency of use are: rice soaking for 6-10 hours, other crops for 2 hours, It can be mixed with seeds, and the crops are sprayed once when they are grown to 4-6 slices of true leaves; the effects after use are: Miaoqi, root, Miaozhuang, tiller, lodging resistance, resistance to disease, precocity, ear and Excellent quality; its yield increase effect can increase production by 15%.

In the present invention, a plant growth regulating composition for improving plant drought resistance is used in oil crops such as soybean, peanut, sunflower, sesame or rape, and the time and frequency of use are: seed dressing, soaking for 2 hours, and crop growth to true leaves Sprayed once at 4-6 tablets; the effect after use is: developed roots, thick stems, lodging resistance, resistance to disease, promotion of seedlings, tillering, preservation of flowers, fruit, even seeds, early maturity, oil and protein The content of the product is increased; the yield increase effect is 15% to 30%.

In the invention, the plant growth regulating composition for improving drought resistance of plants is used in economic crop cotton, the use time and the number of times are: soaking seeds for 2 to 4 hours, the seeds can be mixed, and the crops are sprayed once when the leaves are 4-6 pieces; The effect after use is: cotton seed germination in advance, cotton seedlings are tidy and robust, roots are large, preventing length, uniform branching, lodging resistance, resistance to yellow wilting, etc., bud protection, early maturity, increasing fiber length and improving grade; The effect of increasing production is to increase the output by more than 20%.

In the present invention, a plant growth regulating composition for improving drought resistance of plants is used in economic crop tobacco, and the time and frequency of use are: spraying once when the crop is grown to 4-6 slices of true leaves; The effect is: thick stems, large leaves, anti-crushing, anti-spotted leaves, anti-baked and improved quality; the yield increase effect can increase the yield by more than 20%.

In the present invention, a plant growth regulating composition for improving plant drought resistance is used in cash crops of economic crops, and the time and frequency of use are: spray type diluted 1:100, planted with root cane of seed cane or grown to true leaves Sprayed once at 3-6 tablets; the effect after use is: more budding, more tillers, stronger roots, stronger photosynthesis and higher sugar content; the yield increase effect can increase the yield by more than 20%.

In the invention, the plant growth regulating composition for improving drought resistance of the plant is used in the economic crop tea or mulberry, the use time and the number of times are: cutting the dip strip for 12 hours, spraying the new leaf at the time of germination; the effect after use is: new branch , more sprouts and deep roots.

Example Specific Example 1: Anti-retroviral test of tomato (vegetable)

In the seedling stage of tomato, one or more spray treatments of tomato plants are carried out by using a plant growth regulating composition for improving plant drought resistance in the first ten days before drought or during drought, and the tomato plants are determined as follows: The indicators listed are also recorded for final production.

Table 1: Effect of drought resistance and yield increase on tomato

It can be clearly seen from the above table that after applying a plant growth regulating composition for improving plant drought resistance provided by the present invention, the drought resistance index of tomato is significantly higher than that of the untreated fresh water control group, and the yield increase of tomato yield is up to 21.4~40.2%, that is, applying a plant growth regulating composition system for improving drought resistance of plants provided by the invention can increase the drought resistance index of the tomato, and increase the root-shoot ratio and the root length of the tomato, and can also improve the final Yield.

Specific Example 2: Anti-reverse drought test of sea bream (flower)

For the sea otter, 1-7 days before the drought, a plant growth regulating composition for improving plant drought resistance was applied to the sea otter plant by a spray treatment, and the indexes listed in the following Table 2 of the sea otter plants were determined.

Table 2: Effect of drought resistance and yield increase on tomato

It can be clearly seen from the above table that after applying a plant growth regulating composition for improving plant drought resistance provided by the present invention, the drought resistance index of sea bream is significantly higher than that of the untreated fresh water control group, and the ratio of root to shoot of sea otter is There is a good development in the root length, that is, the application of the plant growth regulating composition system for improving drought resistance of plants in the present invention can improve the drought resistance index of sea otters, and increase the root-shoot ratio and root length of sea otters, thereby effectively improving sea lice. Its ability to resist drought and reduce the amount of water supplied to sea otters.

Specific Example 3: Anti-reverse drought test of eggplant (vegetable)

In the seedling stage of eggplant, in the 1-5 days before the drought, or during the drought period, the plant growth regulating composition for improving plant drought resistance is applied to the eggplant plant for multiple spraying treatment, and the eggplant plant is determined as shown in Table 3 below. List the indicators and record the final output.

Table 3: Effect of drought resistance and yield increase on eggplant

It can be clearly seen from the above table that after applying the plant growth regulating composition for improving plant drought resistance provided by the present invention, the drought resistance index of eggplant is significantly higher than that of the untreated fresh water control group, and the yield increase of eggplant production is up to 16.2~20.5%, that is, a plant growth regulating composition system for improving drought resistance of plants provided by the invention can improve the drought resistance index of eggplant, increase the root-shoot ratio and root length of eggplant, and increase the final yield of the eggplant. .

It can be seen from the implementation data of the above specific examples that the application of the plant growth regulating composition for improving drought resistance of plants can not only improve the drought resistance index of plants, but also improve the root-shoot ratio and root length of the plants, and The plant growth regulating composition for improving drought resistance of plants is provided by the present invention, and is a growth regulating composition having drought resistance and increasing plant yield.

The invention has been described above in terms of the preferred embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Note It is intended that all changes and substitutions equivalent to the embodiments should be construed as being within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the scope of the patent application.

Claims (6)

A plant growth regulating composition for improving drought resistance of plants, comprising: A) Fructo oligosaccharides, B) water-soluble chitosan (Chitosan), wherein the weight ratio of component A and component B is 1: 0.1~100. The plant growth regulating composition according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:0.1 to 50. The plant growth regulating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the component A has a concentration ranging from 1.0 to 1000.0 ppm, and the component B water-soluble chitosan has a concentration range of 1.0~10000.0ppm. The plant growth regulating composition according to claim 1, further comprising a component C, and the component C is selected from the group consisting of glucose, glycine, and glutamic acid, wherein component A The weight ratio of component B and component C is 1:0.01~100:0.01~5000. The plant growth regulating composition according to claim 4, wherein the weight ratio of the component A, the component B and the component C is 1:0.01 to 100:0.01 to 1000. The plant growth regulating composition according to Item 4 or 5, wherein the component A has a concentration ranging from 1.0 to 1000.0 ppm, and the component B has a water-soluble chitosan concentration ranging from 1.0 to 10000.0 ppm. And the concentration of component C ranges from 0.001% to 10.0%.