CN104255901B - A kind of method for protecting swimming crab shell - Google Patents
A kind of method for protecting swimming crab shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN104255901B CN104255901B CN201410346585.2A CN201410346585A CN104255901B CN 104255901 B CN104255901 B CN 104255901B CN 201410346585 A CN201410346585 A CN 201410346585A CN 104255901 B CN104255901 B CN 104255901B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to aquatic products refrigeration fresh-keeping technique field, more particularly to a kind of method for protecting swimming crab shell.This method comprises the following steps：（1）Cleaning；（2）Draining；（3）Precooling：Swimming crab after draining is placed in the range of 0 DEG C to 5 DEG C and carries out precooling 10 12 minutes, then the sprinkling of antifreezing agent is carried out to swimming crab surface, the consumption of antifreezing agent is 12% the 15% of swimming crab weight, antifreezing agent can use conventional commercial antifreezing agent, preferably, described antifreezing agent is mixed using glycerine, chitosan and acetic acid, and wherein the mass fraction of chitosan is 10 15%, acetic acid is 5 8%, and surplus is glycerine；（4）Gradient freezing：By step（3）Obtained swimming crab is placed in cryostat case, carries out gradient cooling in 10 DEG C, 20 DEG C, 30 DEG C, 45 DEG C of four temperature spots, each temperature spot is kept for 1~2 hour；（5）It is quick-frozen.This method is easy and effective, can make the cracking of the swimming crab shell after freezing ＜ 5%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquatic products refrigeration fresh-keeping technique field, more particularly to a kind of method for protecting swimming crab shell.
Background technology
The chemical composition of hard crust and other shells biologies and shrimp are essentially identical with crab, are all carbonic acid
Calcium, it can protect crab, it is to avoid be encroached on by natural enemy.Chinese Sea aboundresources, especially Zhoushan swimming crab yield are very
Height, due to fleshy fiber structure, processing mode is just made as frozen product in addition to fresh eating.Swimming crab is using conventional cold
During jelly, on the one hand due to swimming crab composition material may be caused to increase with the reduction of temperature, its shell hardness and fragility
Plus, and plasticity and toughness reduction, in the case where temperature is drastically reduced, easily split, have a strong impact on the outward appearance of swimming crab, freeze
Loss increase.
Many aquatic product enterprises are all to use freeze after concentric acquisition at present, then the mode distributed.Cryopreservation is swimming crab
The main method preserved for a long time.But the swimming crab processed using general freezer mode, because crab body muscle water content is extremely enriched,
It is high compared with fish, easily destroyed by the ice crystal produced in slow freezing.With the extension of cooling time, its fribrillin pole
Mutability and salt is not readily dissolved in, its lipid rich in highly unsaturated fatty acid due to easily becoming sour, and double bond is oxidized and generated
Oxide and its catabolite, accelerate the denaturation of protein and the deterioration of amino acid, so that brown stain occurs for crab meat, there is astringent taste
And clam taste, gradually lose commodity value.In general, the size of ice crystal is relevant with freezing rate, freezes slowly to enter in freezing
In the case of row, a small amount of nucleus and large-scale ice crystal formed during the crystal of large-scale acicular texture, slow freezing is formed, and it is quick
Freeze, largely form nucleus, crystal block is small and is distributed wide.The freezing speed of food is faster, and freezes final temperature is lower, is conducive to preserving
Original local flavor, nutritional ingredient and original color of food etc..Therefore, pasted by controlling the generation of ice crystal to extenuate crab meat
Become, it is necessary to use a kind of optimal cryogenic quick-freezing processing mode, reduce the methods such as solidification point to improve freezing speed to reduce
The generation of large ice crystals, reduces the quality discrepancy of frozen product and fresh goods, the marine products frozen product of high-quality is obtained, to make full use of China
Marine resources provide certain guarantee, with earthshaking meaning.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of method for protecting swimming crab shell, and this method is easy and effective, can make the swimming crab after freezing
Shell cracking ＜ 5%.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of method for protecting swimming crab shell, this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Cleaning：Fresh and alive swimming crab is selected, is cleaned up with water, wherein crab is cleaned again after wrapping up；
（2）Draining：The swimming crab cleaned up is put into inframe, 5-8min is stood；
（3）Precooling：Swimming crab after draining is placed in the range of 0 DEG C to -5 DEG C and carries out precooling 10-12 minutes, then
The sprinkling of antifreezing agent is carried out to swimming crab surface, the consumption of antifreezing agent is the 12%-15% of swimming crab weight, and antifreezing agent can be using normal
Advise commercially available antifreezing agent, it is preferred that described antifreezing agent is mixed using glycerine, chitosan and acetic acid, wherein chitosan
Mass fraction be 10-15%, acetic acid is 5-8%, and surplus is glycerine；
（4）Gradient freezing：By step（3）Obtained swimming crab is placed in cryostat case, -10 DEG C, -20 DEG C, -30
DEG C, -45 DEG C of four temperature spots carry out gradient coolings, each temperature spot is kept for 1~2 hour；
（5）It is quick-frozen：By step（4）Obtained swimming crab is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, sets and liquid is put into after disk
In nitrogen cryogenic quick-freezing equipment, liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen is carried out.
Using conventional IQF method（- 35 degree left and right, cooling time 2 is more than hour）Handle swimming crab, freezing
Swimming crab shell cracks rate afterwards is generally higher than 15%, and the product after so thawing both unsightly, also influenceed mouthfeel.Therefore this hair
A person of good sense uses above-mentioned special process, gradually reduces product temperature, makes the reduction of swimming crab crab shell temperature gentle, can suitably reduce shuttle
Sub- crab shell cracks rate.Above-mentioned antifreezing agent can also reduce swimming crab shell cracks rate, cracks rate drop using conventional commercial product
To 7-10%.And chanced in inventor's research process and appropriate glycerine is sprayed to swimming crab, swimming crab shell can be substantially reduced
Cracks rate, therefore incorporate gradient freezing and surface and spray the technique of anti-icing fluid, so as to obtain that method is easy and effective, it is cold to make
The processing method of swimming crab shell cracking ＜ 5% after jelly.A certain amount of chitosan and acetic acid are mixed with glycerine, can be dropped
The size of the ice crystal produced in low refrigerating process, reduces percentage of water loss, be conducive to preserving the original local flavor of food, nutritional ingredient and
Original color etc..
Preferably, liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen is controls at -75 ~ -60 DEG C of liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature, in 10 ~ 20min
Product is frozen to central temperature≤- 40 DEG C.
Preferably, this method also comprises the following steps（6）Cold storage：Product is put to freezer storage, described freezer temperature
Degree is arranged on≤- 35 DEG C.
Preferably, the mass fraction of chitosan is 13-15% in described antifreezing agent, acetic acid is 5%, and surplus is the third three
Alcohol.This, which is matched somebody with somebody, can preferably reduce the percentage of water loss of quick-frozen swimming crab.
A kind of method of protection swimming crab shell of the present invention, can substantially reduce swimming crab shell cracks rate（With number
Meter）, obtained freezing swimming crab complete appearance, while the quality of holding sample to greatest extent, obtains optimal musculature
Fiber condition and delicious mouthfeel.This method is simple to operate, low cost, safe, while quick-frozen swimming crab can also effectively be reduced
Percentage of water loss, its quality is kept, with good application value.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme is described in further detail.It should be appreciated that this hair
Bright implementation is not limited to the following examples, and any formal accommodation and/or change made to the present invention will all fall
Enter the scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, if not refering in particular to, all part, percentage are unit of weight, equipment and raw material for being used etc.
It is commercially available or commonly used in the art.Method in following embodiments, unless otherwise instructed, is the normal of this area
Rule method.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of method for protecting swimming crab shell, this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Cleaning：Fresh and alive swimming crab is selected, is cleaned up with water, wherein crab is cleaned again after wrapping up；
（2）Draining：The swimming crab cleaned up is put into inframe, 5-8min is stood；
（3）Precooling：Swimming crab after draining is placed in the range of 0 DEG C to -5 DEG C and carries out precooling 12 minutes, it is then right
Swimming crab surface carries out antifreezing agent sprinkling, and the consumption of antifreezing agent is the 12%% of swimming crab weight；Described antifreezing agent is using the third three
Alcohol, chitosan and acetic acid are mixed, and wherein the mass fraction of chitosan is 10%, and acetic acid is 8%, and surplus is glycerine.
（4）Gradient freezing：By step（3）Obtained swimming crab is placed in cryostat case, -10 DEG C, -20 DEG C, -30
DEG C, -45 DEG C of four temperature spots carry out gradient coolings, each temperature spot is kept for 1 hour；
（5）It is quick-frozen：By step（4）Obtained swimming crab is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, sets and liquid is put into after disk
In nitrogen cryogenic quick-freezing equipment, carry out liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen, liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen for control liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature-
At 75 ~ -60 DEG C, product is frozen to central temperature≤- 40 DEG C in 10 ~ 20min.
（6）Cold storage：Product is put to freezer storage, described temperature of ice house is arranged on≤- 35 DEG C.
The swimming crab freezing percentage of water loss obtained after being handled through above-mentioned steps is 7.5%, swimming crab shell cracking about 4.7%.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of method for protecting swimming crab shell, this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Cleaning：Fresh and alive swimming crab is selected, is cleaned up with water, wherein crab is cleaned again after wrapping up；
（2）Draining：The swimming crab cleaned up is put into inframe, 5-8min is stood；
（3）Precooling：Swimming crab after draining is placed in the range of 0 DEG C to -5 DEG C and carries out precooling 10 minutes, it is then right
Swimming crab surface carries out antifreezing agent sprinkling, and the consumption of antifreezing agent is the 15% of swimming crab weight；Antifreezing agent is gathered using glycerine, shell
Sugar and acetic acid are mixed, and wherein the mass fraction of chitosan is 15%, and acetic acid is 5%, and surplus is glycerine.
（4）Gradient freezing：By step（3）Obtained swimming crab is placed in cryostat case, -10 DEG C, -20 DEG C, -30
DEG C, -45 DEG C of four temperature spots carry out gradient coolings, each temperature spot is kept for 1 hour；
（5）It is quick-frozen：By step（4）Obtained swimming crab is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, sets and liquid is put into after disk
In nitrogen cryogenic quick-freezing equipment, carry out liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen, liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen for control liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature-
At 75 ~ -60 DEG C, product is frozen to central temperature≤- 40 DEG C in 10 ~ 20min.
（6）Cold storage：Product is put to freezer storage, described temperature of ice house is arranged on≤- 35 DEG C.
The swimming crab freezing percentage of water loss obtained after being handled through above-mentioned steps is 7.0%, swimming crab shell cracking about 3.5%.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of method for protecting swimming crab shell, this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Cleaning：Fresh and alive swimming crab is selected, is cleaned up with water, wherein crab is cleaned again after wrapping up；
（2）Draining：The swimming crab cleaned up is put into inframe, 5-8min is stood；
（3）Precooling：Swimming crab after draining is placed in the range of 0 DEG C to -5 DEG C and carries out precooling 10 minutes, it is then right
Swimming crab surface carries out antifreezing agent sprinkling, and the consumption of antifreezing agent is the 15% of swimming crab weight；Antifreezing agent is gathered using glycerine, shell
Sugar and acetic acid are mixed, and wherein the mass fraction of chitosan is 13%, and acetic acid is 5%, and surplus is glycerine.
（4）Gradient freezing：By step（3）Obtained swimming crab is placed in cryostat case, -10 DEG C, -20 DEG C, -30
DEG C, -45 DEG C of four temperature spots carry out gradient coolings, each temperature spot is kept for 2 hours；
（5）It is quick-frozen：By step（4）Obtained swimming crab is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, sets and liquid is put into after disk
In nitrogen cryogenic quick-freezing equipment, carry out liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen, liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen for control liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature-
At 75 ~ -60 DEG C, product is frozen to central temperature≤- 40 DEG C in 10 ~ 20min.
（6）Cold storage：Product is put to freezer storage, described temperature of ice house is arranged on≤- 35 DEG C.
The swimming crab freezing percentage of water loss obtained after being handled through above-mentioned steps is 7.0%, swimming crab shell cracking about 3.2%.
Using conventional IQF method（- 35 degree left and right, cooling time 2 is more than hour）Handle swimming crab, freezing
Swimming crab shell cracks rate afterwards is generally higher than 15%, therefore the present invention can significantly reduce swimming crab shell cracks rate.
Embodiment described above is a kind of preferably scheme of the present invention, not makees any formal to the present invention
Limitation, also has other variants and remodeling on the premise of without departing from the technical scheme described in claim.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme is described in further detail.It should be appreciated that this hair
Bright implementation is not limited to the following examples, and any formal accommodation and/or change made to the present invention will all fall
Enter the scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, if not refering in particular to, all part, percentage are unit of weight, equipment and raw material for being used etc.
It is commercially available or commonly used in the art.Method in following embodiments, unless otherwise instructed, is the normal of this area
Rule method.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of method for protecting swimming crab shell, this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Cleaning：Fresh and alive swimming crab is selected, is cleaned up with water, wherein crab is cleaned again after wrapping up；
（2）Draining：The swimming crab cleaned up is put into inframe, 5-8min is stood；
（3）Precooling：Swimming crab after draining is placed in the range of 0 DEG C to -5 DEG C and carries out precooling 12 minutes, it is then right
Swimming crab surface carries out antifreezing agent sprinkling, and the consumption of antifreezing agent is the 12%% of swimming crab weight；Described antifreezing agent is using the third three
Alcohol, chitosan and acetic acid are mixed, and wherein the mass fraction of chitosan is 10%, and acetic acid is 8%, and surplus is glycerine.
（4）Gradient freezing：By step（3）Obtained swimming crab is placed in cryostat case, -10 DEG C, -20 DEG C, -30
DEG C, -45 DEG C of four temperature spots carry out gradient coolings, each temperature spot is kept for 1 hour；
（5）It is quick-frozen：By step（4）Obtained swimming crab is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, sets and liquid is put into after disk
In nitrogen cryogenic quick-freezing equipment, carry out liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen, liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen for control liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature-
At 75 ~ -60 DEG C, product is frozen to central temperature≤- 40 DEG C in 10 ~ 20min.
（6）Cold storage：Product is put to freezer storage, described temperature of ice house is arranged on≤- 35 DEG C.
The swimming crab freezing percentage of water loss obtained after being handled through above-mentioned steps is 7.5%, swimming crab shell cracking about 4.7%.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of method for protecting swimming crab shell, this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Cleaning：Fresh and alive swimming crab is selected, is cleaned up with water, wherein crab is cleaned again after wrapping up；
（2）Draining：The swimming crab cleaned up is put into inframe, 5-8min is stood；
（3）Precooling：Swimming crab after draining is placed in the range of 0 DEG C to -5 DEG C and carries out precooling 10 minutes, it is then right
Swimming crab surface carries out antifreezing agent sprinkling, and the consumption of antifreezing agent is the 15% of swimming crab weight；Antifreezing agent is gathered using glycerine, shell
Sugar and acetic acid are mixed, and wherein the mass fraction of chitosan is 15%, and acetic acid is 5%, and surplus is glycerine.
（4）Gradient freezing：By step（3）Obtained swimming crab is placed in cryostat case, -10 DEG C, -20 DEG C, -30
DEG C, -45 DEG C of four temperature spots carry out gradient coolings, each temperature spot is kept for 1 hour；
（5）It is quick-frozen：By step（4）Obtained swimming crab is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, sets and liquid is put into after disk
In nitrogen cryogenic quick-freezing equipment, carry out liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen, liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen for control liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature-
At 75 ~ -60 DEG C, product is frozen to central temperature≤- 40 DEG C in 10 ~ 20min.
（6）Cold storage：Product is put to freezer storage, described temperature of ice house is arranged on≤- 35 DEG C.
The swimming crab freezing percentage of water loss obtained after being handled through above-mentioned steps is 7.0%, swimming crab shell cracking about 3.5%.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of method for protecting swimming crab shell, this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Cleaning：Fresh and alive swimming crab is selected, is cleaned up with water, wherein crab is cleaned again after wrapping up；
（2）Draining：The swimming crab cleaned up is put into inframe, 5-8min is stood；
（3）Precooling：Swimming crab after draining is placed in the range of 0 DEG C to -5 DEG C and carries out precooling 10 minutes, it is then right
Swimming crab surface carries out antifreezing agent sprinkling, and the consumption of antifreezing agent is the 15% of swimming crab weight；Antifreezing agent is gathered using glycerine, shell
Sugar and acetic acid are mixed, and wherein the mass fraction of chitosan is 13%, and acetic acid is 5%, and surplus is glycerine.
（4）Gradient freezing：By step（3）Obtained swimming crab is placed in cryostat case, -10 DEG C, -20 DEG C, -30
DEG C, -45 DEG C of four temperature spots carry out gradient coolings, each temperature spot is kept for 2 hours；
（5）It is quick-frozen：By step（4）Obtained swimming crab is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, sets and liquid is put into after disk
In nitrogen cryogenic quick-freezing equipment, carry out liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen, liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen for control liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature-
At 75 ~ -60 DEG C, product is frozen to central temperature≤- 40 DEG C in 10 ~ 20min.
（6）Cold storage：Product is put to freezer storage, described temperature of ice house is arranged on≤- 35 DEG C.
The swimming crab freezing percentage of water loss obtained after being handled through above-mentioned steps is 7.0%, swimming crab shell cracking about 3.2%.
Using conventional IQF method（- 35 degree left and right, cooling time 2 is more than hour）Handle swimming crab, freezing
Swimming crab shell cracks rate afterwards is generally higher than 15%, therefore the present invention can significantly reduce swimming crab shell cracks rate.
Embodiment described above is a kind of preferably scheme of the present invention, not makees any formal to the present invention
Limitation, also has other variants and remodeling on the premise of without departing from the technical scheme described in claim.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method for protecting swimming crab shell, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Cleaning：Fresh and alive swimming crab is selected, is cleaned up with water, wherein crab is cleaned again after wrapping up；
（2）Draining：The swimming crab cleaned up is put into inframe, 5-8min is stood；
（3）Precooling：Swimming crab after draining is placed in the range of 0 DEG C to -5 DEG C and carries out precooling 10 minutes, then to shuttle
Crab surface carries out antifreezing agent sprinkling, and the consumption of antifreezing agent is the 15% of swimming crab weight；Antifreezing agent using glycerine, chitosan and
Acetic acid is mixed, and wherein the mass fraction of chitosan is 15%, and acetic acid is 5%, and surplus is glycerine；
（4）Gradient freezing：By step（3）Obtained swimming crab is placed in cryostat case, -10 DEG C, -20 DEG C, -30 DEG C, -45
DEG C of four temperature spots carry out gradient coolings, and each temperature spot is kept for 1 hour；
（5）It is quick-frozen：By step（4）Obtained swimming crab is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, is set and be put into after disk liquid nitrogen depth
In cold quick freezing unit, carry out liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen, liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen for control liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature -75 ~ -
At 60 DEG C, product is frozen to central temperature≤- 40 DEG C in 10 ~ 20min；
（6）Cold storage：Product is put to freezer storage, described temperature of ice house is arranged on≤- 35 DEG C.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106889476B (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2020-08-14 | 山东如康清真食品有限公司 | Beef pretreatment method |
| CN106973975A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-07-25 | 浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心 | A kind of ultra-low temperature liquid nitrogen cryogenic quick-freezing method of Portunus trituberculatus Miers |
| CN109258261A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-25 | 兴义市贵象绿化工程有限公司 | A kind of cold-proof method of passing the winter of Bougainvillea spectabilis |
| CN109349331B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2021-09-24 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Liquid nitrogen quick-freezing method for portunids |
| CN115606625A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-01-17 | 湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所 | Low-temperature quick-freezing process for crayfishes |
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| CN1415245A (en) * | 2002-10-29 | 2003-05-07 | 程显峰 | Freeze-dried product of marine life bodies and its preparation method |
| CN101213987A (en) * | 2008-01-14 | 2008-07-09 | 中国农业大学 | Method for quickly freezing fresh jujube by using low temperature anti-freezing solution |
| CN101223908A (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2008-07-23 | 中国农业大学 | Method for quick freezing litchi under low temperature |
| CN103858996A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-18 | 浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心 | Method for reducing water loss of deep-refrigerated quick-frozen portunidae |
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- 2014-07-21 CN CN201410346585.2A patent/CN104255901B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1415245A (en) * | 2002-10-29 | 2003-05-07 | 程显峰 | Freeze-dried product of marine life bodies and its preparation method |
| CN101213987A (en) * | 2008-01-14 | 2008-07-09 | 中国农业大学 | Method for quickly freezing fresh jujube by using low temperature anti-freezing solution |
| CN101223908A (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2008-07-23 | 中国农业大学 | Method for quick freezing litchi under low temperature |
| CN103858996A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-18 | 浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心 | Method for reducing water loss of deep-refrigerated quick-frozen portunidae |
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