CN104255901A - Method for protecting portunid shell - Google Patents
Method for protecting portunid shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN104255901A CN104255901A CN201410346585.2A CN201410346585A CN104255901A CN 104255901 A CN104255901 A CN 104255901A CN 201410346585 A CN201410346585 A CN 201410346585A CN 104255901 A CN104255901 A CN 104255901A
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- swimming crab
- freezing
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- portunid
- liquid nitrogen
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of freezing and freshening technology of aquatic products, and particularly relates to a method for protecting portunid shell. The method comprises the following steps of (1) washing the portunid; (2) draining water; (3) pre-freezing the drained portunid for 10-12 minutes at a temperature of 0 DEG C-5DEG C, then spraying an anti-freezing agent on the surface of the portunid, wherein the usage amount of glycerol is 12%-15% of the weight of the portunid, the anti-freezing agent is a commercially available, and preferably, the anti-freezing agent is formed by mixing glycerol, chitosan and acetic acid, wherein a mass percentage of chitosan is 10-15% and a mass percentage of acetic acid is 5-8%, with the balance being glycerol; (4) gradient freezing: putting the portunid obtained by the step (3) in a constant temperature cooler, carrying out gradient cooling at four temperature points of -10 DEG C, -20 DEG C, -30 DEG C and -45 DEG C, keeping for 1-2 hours at each temperature point; and (5) quick-freezing. The method is simple and efficient, and makes shell crack of the frozen portunid below 5%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquatic products refrigeration fresh-keeping technique field, particularly a kind of method protecting swimming crab shell.
Background technology
The chemical composition of the crust that crab is hard is with it biological substantially identical with shrimp with other shell, and be all calcium carbonate, it can protect crab, avoids being subjected to natural enemy infringement.Chinese Sea aboundresources, especially Zhoushan swimming crab output is very high, and due to fleshy fiber structure, processing mode, except fresh eating, does gelation product exactly.Swimming crab is when adopting conventional freezing, on the one hand may due to the reason of swimming crab composition, cause material along with the reduction of temperature, its shell hardness and fragility increase, and plasticity and toughness reduce, when temperature sharply reduces, easily split, have a strong impact on the outward appearance of swimming crab, freezing loss increases.
A lot of aquatic product enterprise is all freezing after adopting concentric acquisition at present, then the mode of distributing.Cryopreservation is the main method that swimming crab preserves for a long time.But adopt the swimming crab that general freezer mode is processed, because crab body muscle water content is very abundant, comparatively fish are high, very easily by the destruction of the ice crystal produced in slow freezing.Along with the prolongation of cooling time, the very easily sex change and be not soluble in salt of its fribrillin, its lipid very easily becomes sour owing to being rich in highly unsaturated fatty acid, the oxidized generation peroxide of double bond and catabolite thereof, accelerate the sex change of protein and amino acid whose deterioration, thus make crab meat generation brown stain, there are astringent taste and clam taste, lose commodity value gradually.In general, the size of ice crystal is relevant with freezing rate, when freezing freeze slowly carry out, form the crystal of large-scale acicular texture, the a small amount of nucleus formed during slow freezing and large-scale ice crystal, quick freezing then forms nucleus in a large number, and crystal block is little and distribution is wide.The freezing speed of food is faster, freezes final temperature lower, is conducive to original local flavor of preservation food, nutritional labeling and original color and luster etc.Therefore, namely can extenuate crab meat by the generation controlling ice crystal and stick with paste change, a kind of cryogenic quick-freezing processing mode of the best must be adopted, reduce the methods such as solidification point and improve freezing speed to reduce the generation of large ice crystal, reduce the quality discrepancy freezing product and fresh goods, the marine products obtaining high-quality freeze product, for the marine resources making full use of China provides certain guarantee, have earthshaking meaning.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method protecting swimming crab shell, the method be simple effectively, can make freezing after swimming crab shell be full of cracks < 5%.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Protect a method for swimming crab shell, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) clean: select fresh and alive swimming crab, clean up with water, wherein crab is cleaned after will wrapping up again;
(2) draining: the swimming crab cleaned up is put into frame, leaves standstill 5-8min;
(3) precooling: the swimming crab after draining is placed within the scope of 0 DEG C to-5 DEG C and carries out precooling 10-12 minute, then swimming crab surface is carried out to the sprinkling of antifreezing agent, the consumption of antifreezing agent is the 12%-15% of swimming crab weight, antifreezing agent can adopt conventional commercial antifreezing agent, preferably, described antifreezing agent adopts glycerine, shitosan and acetic acid to mix, and wherein the mass fraction of shitosan is 10-15%, acetic acid is 5-8%, and surplus is glycerine;
(4) gradient freezing: be placed in cryostat case by the swimming crab that step (3) obtains, carries out gradient cooling at-10 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-30 DEG C ,-45 DEG C four temperature spots, and each temperature spot keeps 1 ~ 2 hour;
(5) quick-frozen: the swimming crab that step (4) obtains is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, puts into liquid nitrogen deep quick freezing unit after setting dish, carry out liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen.
Adopt conventional IQF method (-35 degree left and right, cooling time more than 2 hours) process swimming crab, the swimming crab shell be full of cracks rate after freezing is generally greater than 15%, and the product after thawing so both unsightly, also affected mouthfeel.Therefore the present inventor adopts above-mentioned special process, progressively reduces product temperature, swimming crab crab shell temperature is reduced mild, suitably can reduce swimming crab shell be full of cracks rate.Above-mentioned antifreezing agent adopts conventional commercial product also can reduce swimming crab shell be full of cracks rate, and be full of cracks rate is down to 7-10%.And chance in inventor's research process appropriate glycerine is sprayed to swimming crab, greatly can reduce swimming crab shell be full of cracks rate, therefore incorporate the technique of gradient freezing and surface sprinkling anti-icing fluid, thus the method that obtains simple effectively, can make freezing after the processing method of swimming crab shell be full of cracks < 5%.Be mixed with a certain amount of shitosan and acetic acid in glycerine, the size of the ice crystal produced in refrigerating process can be reduced, reduce percentage of water loss, be conducive to original local flavor of preservation food, nutritional labeling and original color and luster etc.
As preferably, product, at controlling liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature-75 ~-60 DEG C, freezes to central temperature≤-40 DEG C in 10 ~ 20min by liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen.
As preferably, cold storage that the method also comprises the steps (6): product is put to freezer and store, described temperature of ice house is arranged on≤and-35 DEG C.
As preferably, in described antifreezing agent, the mass fraction of shitosan is 13-15%, and acetic acid is 5%, and surplus is glycerine.This formula can reduce the percentage of water loss of quick-frozen swimming crab preferably.
A kind of method protecting swimming crab shell of the present invention; greatly can reduce swimming crab shell be full of cracks rate (in number); the freezing swimming crab complete appearance obtained, keeps the quality of sample simultaneously to greatest extent, obtains best musculature fiber condition and delicious mouthfeel.The method is simple to operate, cost is low, security is high, effectively can also reduce the percentage of water loss of quick-frozen swimming crab simultaneously, keep its quality, have good using value.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.Should be appreciated that enforcement of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, any pro forma accommodation make the present invention and/or change all will fall into scope.
In the present invention, if not refer in particular to, all parts, percentage are unit of weight, and the equipment adopted and raw material etc. all can be buied from market or this area is conventional.Method in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is the conventional method of this area.
Embodiment 1:
Protect a method for swimming crab shell, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) clean: select fresh and alive swimming crab, clean up with water, wherein crab is cleaned after will wrapping up again;
(2) draining: the swimming crab cleaned up is put into frame, leaves standstill 5-8min;
(3) precooling: be placed within the scope of 0 DEG C to-5 DEG C by the swimming crab after draining and carry out precooling 12 minutes, then carry out antifreezing agent sprinkling to swimming crab surface, the consumption of antifreezing agent is 12%% of swimming crab weight; Described antifreezing agent adopts glycerine, shitosan and acetic acid to mix, and wherein the mass fraction of shitosan is 10%, and acetic acid is 8%, and surplus is glycerine.
(4) gradient freezing: the swimming crab that step (3) obtains is placed in cryostat case, carry out gradient cooling at-10 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-30 DEG C ,-45 DEG C four temperature spots, each temperature spot keeps 1 hour;
(5) quick-frozen: the swimming crab that step (4) obtains is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, liquid nitrogen deep quick freezing unit is put into after setting dish, carry out liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen, product, at control liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature-75 ~-60 DEG C, freezes to central temperature≤-40 DEG C in 10 ~ 20min by liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen.
(6) cold storage: product is put and stores to freezer, described temperature of ice house is arranged on≤and-35 DEG C.
The freezing percentage of water loss of the swimming crab obtained after above-mentioned steps process is 7.5%, and the be full of cracks of swimming crab shell is about 4.7%.
Embodiment 2:
Protect a method for swimming crab shell, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) clean: select fresh and alive swimming crab, clean up with water, wherein crab is cleaned after will wrapping up again;
(2) draining: the swimming crab cleaned up is put into frame, leaves standstill 5-8min;
(3) precooling: be placed within the scope of 0 DEG C to-5 DEG C by the swimming crab after draining and carry out precooling 10 minutes, then carry out antifreezing agent sprinkling to swimming crab surface, the consumption of antifreezing agent is 15% of swimming crab weight; Antifreezing agent adopts glycerine, shitosan and acetic acid to mix, and wherein the mass fraction of shitosan is 15%, and acetic acid is 5%, and surplus is glycerine.
(4) gradient freezing: the swimming crab that step (3) obtains is placed in cryostat case, carry out gradient cooling at-10 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-30 DEG C ,-45 DEG C four temperature spots, each temperature spot keeps 1 hour;
(5) quick-frozen: the swimming crab that step (4) obtains is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, liquid nitrogen deep quick freezing unit is put into after setting dish, carry out liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen, product, at control liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature-75 ~-60 DEG C, freezes to central temperature≤-40 DEG C in 10 ~ 20min by liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen.
(6) cold storage: product is put and stores to freezer, described temperature of ice house is arranged on≤and-35 DEG C.
The freezing percentage of water loss of the swimming crab obtained after above-mentioned steps process is 7.0%, and the be full of cracks of swimming crab shell is about 3.5%.
Embodiment 3:
Protect a method for swimming crab shell, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) clean: select fresh and alive swimming crab, clean up with water, wherein crab is cleaned after will wrapping up again;
(2) draining: the swimming crab cleaned up is put into frame, leaves standstill 5-8min;
(3) precooling: be placed within the scope of 0 DEG C to-5 DEG C by the swimming crab after draining and carry out precooling 10 minutes, then carry out antifreezing agent sprinkling to swimming crab surface, the consumption of antifreezing agent is 15% of swimming crab weight; Antifreezing agent adopts glycerine, shitosan and acetic acid to mix, and wherein the mass fraction of shitosan is 13%, and acetic acid is 5%, and surplus is glycerine.
(4) gradient freezing: the swimming crab that step (3) obtains is placed in cryostat case, carry out gradient cooling at-10 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-30 DEG C ,-45 DEG C four temperature spots, each temperature spot keeps 2 hours;
(5) quick-frozen: the swimming crab that step (4) obtains is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, liquid nitrogen deep quick freezing unit is put into after setting dish, carry out liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen, product, at control liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature-75 ~-60 DEG C, freezes to central temperature≤-40 DEG C in 10 ~ 20min by liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen.
(6) cold storage: product is put and stores to freezer, described temperature of ice house is arranged on≤and-35 DEG C.
The freezing percentage of water loss of the swimming crab obtained after above-mentioned steps process is 7.0%, and the be full of cracks of swimming crab shell is about 3.2%.
Adopt conventional IQF method (-35 degree left and right, cooling time more than 2 hours) process swimming crab, the swimming crab shell be full of cracks rate after freezing is generally greater than 15%, and therefore the present invention significantly can reduce swimming crab shell be full of cracks rate.
Above-described embodiment is one of the present invention preferably scheme, not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention, also has other variant and remodeling under the prerequisite not exceeding the technical scheme described in claim.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.Should be appreciated that enforcement of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, any pro forma accommodation make the present invention and/or change all will fall into scope.
In the present invention, if not refer in particular to, all parts, percentage are unit of weight, and the equipment adopted and raw material etc. all can be buied from market or this area is conventional.Method in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is the conventional method of this area.
Embodiment 1:
Protect a method for swimming crab shell, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) clean: select fresh and alive swimming crab, clean up with water, wherein crab is cleaned after will wrapping up again;
(2) draining: the swimming crab cleaned up is put into frame, leaves standstill 5-8min;
(3) precooling: be placed within the scope of 0 DEG C to-5 DEG C by the swimming crab after draining and carry out precooling 12 minutes, then carry out antifreezing agent sprinkling to swimming crab surface, the consumption of antifreezing agent is 12%% of swimming crab weight; Described antifreezing agent adopts glycerine, shitosan and acetic acid to mix, and wherein the mass fraction of shitosan is 10%, and acetic acid is 8%, and surplus is glycerine.
(4) gradient freezing: the swimming crab that step (3) obtains is placed in cryostat case, carry out gradient cooling at-10 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-30 DEG C ,-45 DEG C four temperature spots, each temperature spot keeps 1 hour;
(5) quick-frozen: the swimming crab that step (4) obtains is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, liquid nitrogen deep quick freezing unit is put into after setting dish, carry out liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen, product, at control liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature-75 ~-60 DEG C, freezes to central temperature≤-40 DEG C in 10 ~ 20min by liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen.
(6) cold storage: product is put and stores to freezer, described temperature of ice house is arranged on≤and-35 DEG C.
The freezing percentage of water loss of the swimming crab obtained after above-mentioned steps process is 7.5%, and the be full of cracks of swimming crab shell is about 4.7%.
Embodiment 2:
Protect a method for swimming crab shell, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) clean: select fresh and alive swimming crab, clean up with water, wherein crab is cleaned after will wrapping up again;
(2) draining: the swimming crab cleaned up is put into frame, leaves standstill 5-8min;
(3) precooling: be placed within the scope of 0 DEG C to-5 DEG C by the swimming crab after draining and carry out precooling 10 minutes, then carry out antifreezing agent sprinkling to swimming crab surface, the consumption of antifreezing agent is 15% of swimming crab weight; Antifreezing agent adopts glycerine, shitosan and acetic acid to mix, and wherein the mass fraction of shitosan is 15%, and acetic acid is 5%, and surplus is glycerine.
(4) gradient freezing: the swimming crab that step (3) obtains is placed in cryostat case, carry out gradient cooling at-10 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-30 DEG C ,-45 DEG C four temperature spots, each temperature spot keeps 1 hour;
(5) quick-frozen: the swimming crab that step (4) obtains is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, liquid nitrogen deep quick freezing unit is put into after setting dish, carry out liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen, product, at control liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature-75 ~-60 DEG C, freezes to central temperature≤-40 DEG C in 10 ~ 20min by liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen.
(6) cold storage: product is put and stores to freezer, described temperature of ice house is arranged on≤and-35 DEG C.
The freezing percentage of water loss of the swimming crab obtained after above-mentioned steps process is 7.0%, and the be full of cracks of swimming crab shell is about 3.5%.
Embodiment 3:
Protect a method for swimming crab shell, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) clean: select fresh and alive swimming crab, clean up with water, wherein crab is cleaned after will wrapping up again;
(2) draining: the swimming crab cleaned up is put into frame, leaves standstill 5-8min;
(3) precooling: be placed within the scope of 0 DEG C to-5 DEG C by the swimming crab after draining and carry out precooling 10 minutes, then carry out antifreezing agent sprinkling to swimming crab surface, the consumption of antifreezing agent is 15% of swimming crab weight; Antifreezing agent adopts glycerine, shitosan and acetic acid to mix, and wherein the mass fraction of shitosan is 13%, and acetic acid is 5%, and surplus is glycerine.
(4) gradient freezing: the swimming crab that step (3) obtains is placed in cryostat case, carry out gradient cooling at-10 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-30 DEG C ,-45 DEG C four temperature spots, each temperature spot keeps 2 hours;
(5) quick-frozen: the swimming crab that step (4) obtains is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, liquid nitrogen deep quick freezing unit is put into after setting dish, carry out liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen, product, at control liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature-75 ~-60 DEG C, freezes to central temperature≤-40 DEG C in 10 ~ 20min by liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen.
(6) cold storage: product is put and stores to freezer, described temperature of ice house is arranged on≤and-35 DEG C.
The freezing percentage of water loss of the swimming crab obtained after above-mentioned steps process is 7.0%, and the be full of cracks of swimming crab shell is about 3.2%.
Adopt conventional IQF method (-35 degree left and right, cooling time more than 2 hours) process swimming crab, the swimming crab shell be full of cracks rate after freezing is generally greater than 15%, and therefore the present invention significantly can reduce swimming crab shell be full of cracks rate.
Above-described embodiment is one of the present invention preferably scheme, not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention, also has other variant and remodeling under the prerequisite not exceeding the technical scheme described in claim.
Claims (5)
1. protect a method for swimming crab shell, it is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) clean: select fresh and alive swimming crab, clean up with water, wherein crab is cleaned after will wrapping up again;
(2) draining: the swimming crab cleaned up is put into frame, leaves standstill 5-8min;
(3) precooling: the swimming crab after draining is placed within the scope of 0 DEG C to-5 DEG C and carries out precooling 10-12 minute, then swimming crab surface is carried out to the sprinkling of antifreezing agent, the consumption of antifreezing agent is the 12%-15% of swimming crab weight;
(4) gradient freezing: be placed in cryostat case by the swimming crab that step (3) obtains, carries out gradient cooling at-10 DEG C ,-20 DEG C ,-30 DEG C ,-45 DEG C four temperature spots, and each temperature spot keeps 1 ~ 2 hour;
(5) quick-frozen: the swimming crab that step (4) obtains is placed in the supporting sample tray of instant freezer, puts into liquid nitrogen deep quick freezing unit after setting dish, carry out liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen.
2. a kind of method protecting swimming crab shell according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described antifreezing agent adopts glycerine, shitosan and acetic acid to mix, and wherein the mass fraction of shitosan is 10-15%, and acetic acid is 5-8%, and surplus is glycerine.
3. a kind of method protecting swimming crab shell according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in described antifreezing agent, the mass fraction of shitosan is 13-15%, acetic acid is 5%, and surplus is glycerine.
4. a kind of method protecting swimming crab shell according to claim 1, is characterized in that: product, at control liquid nitrogen plant environment temperature-75 ~-60 DEG C, freezes to central temperature≤-40 DEG C in 10 ~ 20min by liquid nitrogen deep fast frozen.
5. a kind of method protecting swimming crab shell according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: cold storage that the method also comprises the steps (6): put by product and store to freezer, described temperature of ice house is arranged on≤and-35 DEG C.
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| CN201410346585.2A CN104255901B (en) | 2014-07-21 | 2014-07-21 | A kind of method for protecting swimming crab shell |
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| CN201410346585.2A CN104255901B (en) | 2014-07-21 | 2014-07-21 | A kind of method for protecting swimming crab shell |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106889476A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-06-27 | 山东如康清真食品有限公司 | A kind of beef preprocess method |
| CN106973975A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-07-25 | 浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心 | A kind of ultra-low temperature liquid nitrogen cryogenic quick-freezing method of Portunus trituberculatus Miers |
| CN109258261A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-25 | 兴义市贵象绿化工程有限公司 | A kind of cold-proof method of passing the winter of Bougainvillea spectabilis |
| CN109349331A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-02-19 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | A kind of swimming crab liquid nitrogen flash freezer method |
| CN115606625A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-01-17 | 湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所 | Low-temperature quick-freezing process for crayfishes |
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| CN101213987A (en) * | 2008-01-14 | 2008-07-09 | 中国农业大学 | Method for quickly freezing fresh jujube by using low temperature anti-freezing solution |
| CN101223908A (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2008-07-23 | 中国农业大学 | Method for quick freezing litchi under low temperature |
| CN103858996A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-18 | 浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心 | Method for reducing water loss of deep-refrigerated quick-frozen portunidae |
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| CN1415245A (en) * | 2002-10-29 | 2003-05-07 | 程显峰 | Freeze-dried product of marine life bodies and its preparation method |
| CN101213987A (en) * | 2008-01-14 | 2008-07-09 | 中国农业大学 | Method for quickly freezing fresh jujube by using low temperature anti-freezing solution |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106889476A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-06-27 | 山东如康清真食品有限公司 | A kind of beef preprocess method |
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| CN109258261A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-25 | 兴义市贵象绿化工程有限公司 | A kind of cold-proof method of passing the winter of Bougainvillea spectabilis |
| CN109349331A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-02-19 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | A kind of swimming crab liquid nitrogen flash freezer method |
| CN109349331B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2021-09-24 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Liquid nitrogen quick-freezing method for portunids |
| CN115606625A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-01-17 | 湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所 | Low-temperature quick-freezing process for crayfishes |
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