CN104234177B - The airtight collection of fecaluria negative pressure and process utilize apparatus and method - Google Patents
The airtight collection of fecaluria negative pressure and process utilize apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104234177B CN104234177B CN201410480902.XA CN201410480902A CN104234177B CN 104234177 B CN104234177 B CN 104234177B CN 201410480902 A CN201410480902 A CN 201410480902A CN 104234177 B CN104234177 B CN 104234177B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the airtight collection of a kind of fecaluria negative pressure and process utilizes device, comprise gas to flush the toilet system, filtration-biological dewatered system and high concentration fecaluria vapo(u)rization system, the described gas system of flushing the toilet comprises gas flushing device for toilet and vacuum pump, described filtration-biological dewatered system is provided with the filtration-biological dewatered device of the organic waste filler of filling for carrying out filtration and biological dewatered process to material, described high concentration fecaluria vapo(u)rization system is provided with the vacuum evaporator for carrying out concentrating sterilizing process to filtrate, the steam that vacuum evaporator produces is for heating concentrate and finally becoming condensed water, the solids of filtration-biological dewatered device discharge can be used as fertilizer, the concentrate of vacuum evaporator discharge can be used as liquid organic fertilizer.The Heisui River total amount that the present invention produces is little, and treatment facility is comparatively simple, easy to operate, after process innoxious, resource degree is high, little on the impact of environment, can be used for various public lavatory and lavatory, family, realizes zero-emission and the Fertilizer Transformed of sewage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the airtight collection of a kind of fecaluria negative pressure and process utilizes apparatus and method, be mainly used in the laggard row relax of ight soil collecting closet, form utilizable fertilizer etc.
Background technology
Ight soil many employings gravity of existing closet is collected, after bath, the gravity of foundation suffered by mixture self is to dirty, flow into septic tank to carry out digesting and harmless treatment, the defect one of this collecting dung and processing mode is that water consumption is very large, and then cause treating capacity also very large, often need to build very large-scale underground septic tank, in addition, treatment effect is undesirable, cannot meet the requirement of innoxious, minimizing and recycling.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned defect of prior art, the invention provides the airtight collection of a kind of fecaluria negative pressure and process utilizes device, the just liquid total amount that this collection mode produces is little, treatment facility is comparatively simple, easy to operate, after process innoxious, resource degree is high, little on the impact of environment.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention:
A kind of airtight collection of fecaluria negative pressure and process utilize device, comprise gas to flush the toilet system, filtration-biological dewatered system and high concentration fecaluria vapo(u)rization system, the described gas system of flushing the toilet comprises gas flushing device for toilet and negative pressure unit, described negative pressure unit comprises negative pressure gathering tank and is used as the vacuum pump of negative pressure source, the negative pressure gathering tank described in pump-line connection of described vacuum pump, described negative pressure gathering tank is provided with Heisui River import and Heisui River outlet, the black water discharge mouth of described gas flushing device for toilet is connected by negative-pressure collecting tube road with the Heisui River import of described negative pressure gathering tank, described filtration-biological dewatered system is provided with the filtration-biological dewatered device of the organic waste filler of filling for carrying out filtration and biological dewatered process to material, described filtration-biological dewatered device is provided with inlet, filtrate (liquid, admittedly expect charging/discharging device, air inlet port and gas outlet, the Heisui River outlet of described negative pressure gathering tank connects the inlet of described filtration-biological dewatered device by Heisui River conveyance conduit, described high concentration fecaluria vapo(u)rization system is provided with the vacuum evaporator for carrying out concentrating sterilizing process to filtrate, preheater and heat exchanger, described vacuum evaporator is provided with charging aperture, negative pressure ventilation mouth, steam (vapor) outlet and concentrate floss hole, the filtrate (liquid of described filtration-biological dewatered device connects the heat-absorbing medium import of described preheater by filtrate conveyance conduit, the heat-absorbing medium outlet of described preheater exports with the heat-absorbing medium of described heat exchanger and is connected, the heat-absorbing medium outlet of described heat exchanger connects the charging aperture of described vacuum evaporator, the steam (vapor) outlet of described vacuum evaporator connects the exothermic medium import of described heat exchanger by steam pipeline, the exothermic medium outlet of described heat exchanger connects the exothermic medium import of described preheater, the exothermic medium outlet of described preheater connects regenerated water floss hole, the concentrate floss hole of described vacuum evaporator is connected with the inlet of liquid fertilizer floss hole with described filtration-biological dewatered device respectively through concentrate pipeline.
Preferably, described gas flushing device for toilet comprises bedpan, negative pressure cavity and two diaphragm valves, described negative pressure cavity is provided with feed pathway and discharge-channel, the feed pathway of described negative pressure cavity is communicated with described bedpan, the black water discharge mouth of gas flushing device for toilet described in the export mixes of the discharge-channel of described negative pressure cavity, the floss hole diaphragm valve that described two diaphragm valves are respectively the film imported plate valve in the feed pathway being arranged on described negative pressure cavity and are arranged on the discharge-channel of described negative pressure cavity, described film imported plate valve is furnished with manually opened button or induction is released the button, described film imported plate valve and described floss hole diaphragm valve are furnished with automatic-discharging control device, described automatic-discharging control device is provided with the level sensor being positioned at described negative pressure cavity, open according to the material level in described negative pressure cavity or close described film imported plate valve and described floss hole diaphragm valve.
Preferably, the negative pressure cavity of described gas flushing device for toilet is positioned at rear portion and/or the bottom of described bedpan, automatically described film imported plate valve is opened by described manually opened button or the inductor that goes to toilet when flushing the toilet, described negative pressure cavity is entered rapidly under the differential pressure action of the negative pressure in external atmosphere pressure and described negative pressure cavity of the Heisui River in described bedpan, after the opening time of setting, described film imported plate valve cuts out automatically, after the Heisui River in described negative pressure cavity reaches setting height or each large after an action of the bowels, described automatic-discharging control device opens described film imported plate valve and floss hole diaphragm valve according to the level signals of described level sensor or manual turning-on signal simultaneously automatically, Heisui River in described negative pressure cavity flows into the negative pressure gathering tank of described negative pressure unit under the suction function in described negative-pressure collecting tube road, after setting-up time, described film imported plate valve cuts out, described negative pressure cavity recovers negative pressure, then described floss hole diaphragm valve cuts out, described automatic-discharging control device, film imported plate valve and floss hole diaphragm valve all rely on negative pressure work, described negative pressure everywhere provides by the vacuum pump of described negative pressure unit.
Preferably, described gas flushing device for toilet only carries fecaluria with gas as carrier, and only rinsing with a small amount of water after an action of the bowels or when needing to keep a public place clean greatly, described bedpan adopts and can make the structure of stool smoothly by bedpan floss hole under a small amount of urine lubrication.
Preferably, the quantity of the filtration-biological dewatered device of described filtration-biological dewatered system is two groups, described two groups of filtrations-biological dewatered device adopts the airtight chamber installation that structure is identical, parallel with one another, often assembling has installed one or more process storehouse, described process storehouse adopts drawer-type structure, the wall of described drawer or the end, adopt orifice plate to make or with some holes, the filter bag be made up of the screen cloth of water-permeable and air permeable is provided with in drawer, described organic waste filler is contained in described filter bag, described drawer can pull out and push closedown, it is described solid material charging/discharging device, the cloth tube of uniform aperture is had above described drawer, described cloth tube connects the inlet of described filtration-biological dewatered device, the below of described drawer is provided with base plate, filtrate discharge nozzle is had between described drawer and base plate, described filtrate discharge nozzle is connected with the filtrate (liquid of described filtration-biological dewatered device.
Preferably, described process storehouse is also provided with air intlet and air outlet slit, the air intlet in described process storehouse and air outlet slit are separately positioned on casing lower wall and casing top, the air intlet in described process storehouse is connected by the air inlet port of pipeline with described filtration-biological dewatered device, the air inlet port of described filtration-biological dewatered device is connected with the extract duct of the vacuum pump of described negative pressure unit and/or is connected with the blast fan be equipped with separately, for the ventilation oxygen supply in described filtration-biological dewatered device, the air outlet slit in described process storehouse is connected by the gas outlet of pipeline with described filtration-biological dewatered device, the gas outlet of described filtration-biological dewatered device is connected with deodoriser by pipeline.
Preferably, described filtration-biological dewatered device integrate filter and biological dewatered, two functions switch chronologically, charging and filter process is mainly time initial, Heisui River flows into described cloth tube through the inlet of described filtration-biological dewatered device, from top to bottom be sprayed on the described organic waste filler in described process storehouse by described cloth tube, foreign matter in Heisui River and particle major part retain by the filtration of described organic waste filler, play the pre-filtering effect before negative pressure evaporation, after 5 ~ 7 days, this group filtration-biological dewatered device stops into Heisui River, enter the biological dewatered stage, the gas can discharged by described vacuum pump gives described process storehouse oxygen supply, play the effect of filtering the stink substance retained in the exhaust of described vacuum pump simultaneously, if desired can by the intermittent aeration oxygen supply as required of described blast fan, make the organic waste filler in described process storehouse and be trapped thing and later stage to spray through described cloth tube the concentrate entered and start high-temperature aerobic fermentation, the biological heat energy produced by microbial respiratory metabolism improves temperature and realizes evaporation mummification, micro-good oxygen condition is realized by optimizing Ventilation Control in course of reaction, a large amount of odorous gas is avoided to produce, temperature of charge simultaneously in described process storehouse can maintain 50 ~ 70 DEG C >=5 days, pollute to eliminate hygiene, finally obtain solid organic fertilizer.
Preferably, described filtration-biological dewatered device also can be used as filtration and anaerobic reactor uses, after charging and filter process, do not give the ventilation oxygen supply of described process storehouse, with filtrate cycle pump, the portion filtrate that described process storehouse produces is returned described process storehouse, extend reaction time, obtained biogas is used for generating drive system and runs, and all the other are to cook or the mode such as illumination utilizes.
Preferably, the negative pressure ventilation mouth of described vacuum evaporator is connected with the pump-line of described vacuum pump, the filtrate in described vacuum evaporator is made to be issued to boiling point evaporation in negative pressure and lower temperature, heat pump is provided with between described evaporimeter and described heat exchanger, recycle the energy of indirect steam, effective minimizing thermal energy consumption, the concentrate floss hole of described vacuum evaporator both can directly discharge concentrate as liquid fertilizer, again can pumping concentrate to described filtration-biological dewatered device further concentrated mummification become solid fertilizer, above-mentioned feature makes negative pressure evaporation system be applicable to this special material of high concentration fecaluria, effectively reduce evaporation energy consumption simultaneously, the steam of described vacuum evaporator is sent into heat exchanger and preheater heat release, be condensed into water to flow out from regenerated water outlet, so that as reclaimed wastewater reuse.
Preferably, apply described gas flushing device for toilet, Heisui River total amount is significantly reduced in source, thus save occupation of land and processing cost, the design technology parameter of described negative pressure evaporation system and described filtration-biological dewatered system can be complementary flexibly, increase described filtration-biological dewatered system loading as far as possible to reduce energy consumption having in sufficient space situation, described negative pressure evaporation system loading is increased as far as possible to save occupation of land in insufficient space situation, described gas is flushed the toilet system, filtration-biological dewatered system and high concentration fecaluria vapo(u)rization system are worked in coordination with and are utilized described vacuum pump bleed and be vented, to save Equipments Setting, strengthen stink substance to retain with treatment effect and streamlining management flow process, be that concentrate deep dehydration prepares solid fertilizer by the biological dewatered function of described filtration-biological dewatered system, avoid negative pressure evaporation system to concentrate high concentration fecaluria to increase to the energy consumption caused compared with low-water-content, fouling of heat exchangers, the problems such as discharging difficulty, realize total system stable operation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: owing to being collected by gas flushing device for toilet and negative pressure, flush the toilet without the need to using a large amount of water, particularly owing to first the just liquid in bedpan being collected in the negative pressure cavity of gas flushing device for toilet, the just liquid relying on the negative pressure in negative pressure cavity to be first about in bedpan collects, connecting negative-pressure collecting tube road again after reaching certain degree is transported in negative pressure gathering tank by the just liquid (Heisui River) in negative pressure cavity, significantly reduces the consumption (consumption of power) of negative pressure and the use amount of flushing water thus, because the intake and exhaust ports at negative pressure cavity is all provided with diaphragm valve, described film imported plate valve and floss hole diaphragm valve strictly seal when not working, owing to passing through the level sensor in negative pressure cavity, the discharge of negative pressure cavity is carried out according to controlling level, and dynamic all from unified negative pressure source, not only easy to use, and without the need to arranging electric power, be conducive to reducing cost of production and operating cost, because gas is flushed the toilet, system, filtration-biological dewatered system and high concentration fecaluria vapo(u)rization system are collaborative to be utilized vacuum pump to bleed and is vented, and strengthens stink substance and retains with treatment effect and streamlining management flow process, because the filtration-biological dewatered device that Heisui River be have employed to filtration and biological dewatered one processes, rely on the heat of biochemical reaction process just can realize mummification, not only mummification is effective, and cost is low, also achieves the advanced treating to material simultaneously, due to have employed be provided with can be biochemical organic waste filler, there is filtration and suction-operated simultaneously, be conducive to strengthening biochemical reaction degree, improve reaction depth, improve clean-up effect, particularly these can adopt the cheap even discarded living beings such as stalk by biochemical filler, are not only conducive to reducing costs, but also have found the approach of recycling for these discarded living beings, make it after biochemical reaction, become the useful materials such as fertilizer, filter owing to adopting organic filler, not only do not need to arrange filtering technique separately, simplify activities, and large granular materials just in liquid substantially all can biochemical treatment, make these material stops in filler, not only be conducive to reducing the particle in filtrate, but also be conducive to carrying out smoothly of biochemical reaction, because the power formed by negative pressure carries out the conveying of just liquid, on negative-pressure collecting tube road or in negative pressure gathering tank, (region of such as close import in negative pressure gathering tank) eddy flow/turbulent area can be set, make violent mixing and the impact mutually in eddy flow/turbulent area of gas-liquid mixed stream, thus the bulk matter be mingled in Heisui River (such as paper etc.) is impacted broken, in negative pressure cavity, often soak the regular hour in view of these materials or at least mixed with the just liquid collected in negative pressure cavity in negative pressure cavity, according to the experiment of applicant, these bulk matter can be broken through this mode, and, under conventional negative pressure, increase the problem that eddy flow/turbulent area there will not be operation not smooth, described eddy flow/turbulent area can form eddy flow/turbulent flow by negative-pressure collecting tube being arranged to bend, also in described negative pressure gathering tank, deflector can be set near the position of import and form eddy flow/turbulent flow, or adopt above-mentioned two kinds of structures that can form eddy flow/turbulent flow simultaneously, due to broken through eddy flow/turbulent flow from the bulk materials in the Heisui River of negative pressure cavity, after entering filtration-biological dewatered device, solids in Heisui River (comprises solid, gluey and flcos etc. are various can by the material of filtrate filtering) all can not be isolated in the surface of filler, but be trapped in filler comparatively equably, significantly improve the effect of biological respinse and mummification thus, be conducive to the uniformity keeping biochemical reaction in process storehouse, to make in process storehouse biological respinse everywhere to ambient conditions (oxygen content, temperature etc.) demand be identical, as long as controlled by suitable Ventilation Control and temperature, reaction everywhere just can be made in process storehouse to be all in Optimal State, because reaction everywhere is all in Optimal State, peculiar smell can also be reduced significantly, owing to have employed the process storehouse of drawer type, particularly filler is contained in the filter bag of water-permeable and air permeable, not only facilitates the handling of filler in process storehouse, but also stirring and batch turning (turn over, whole filter bag) can be carried out as required easily, owing to have employed preheater and heat exchanger, before concentrate enters vacuum evaporator, heat temperature raising can be carried out to it, be conducive to improving evaporation effect, due to the evaporation adopting vacuum evaporator to carry out under negative pressure, can by unified negative pressure source (vacuum pump), without the need to increasing new equipment and power consumption, owing to the part or all of concentrate that vacuum evaporator is discharged can be returned to process storehouse, not only can carry out modified to the biochemical reaction system in process storehouse, be beneficial to biochemical reaction, and be to the concentrated further of these concentrates and process, furthermore achieved that minimizing.
Realize innoxious to the solid material of discharging after the process of filtration life-thing desiccation apparatus, can directly as fertilizer or the raw material preparing fertilizer, the concentrate formed through negative pressure evaporation can directly be used as Liquid organic fertilizer or be used as the raw material (these concentrates can be called liquid fertilizer thus) of other fertilizers of preparation, the steam that negative pressure evaporation produces forms regenerated water after heat exchange condensation, can use under certain occasion, such as nursery stock pouring, thus achieves effective utilization of various composition in fecaluria.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is simple flow schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the airtight collection of fecaluria and the process that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of low cost utilize device, solve that existing Regular processing scheme energy consumption is high, complex process, maintenance difficulties are large and the problem such as sanitary condition is poor.
Gas flushing device for toilet (gas is flushed the toilet) of the present invention collects fecaluria, by filtration-biological dewatered-negative pressure evaporation process, produces the Liquid organic fertilizer and regenerated water that are rich in nutrient.Just liquid (Heisui River) based on fecaluria under suction function through airtight negative-pressure collecting tube road centralized collection in negative pressure gathering tank, then according to technological process, continue or send into filtration-biological dewatered device off and on, being trapped within filtrate after the media filtration in the treated storehouses such as the foreign matter in fecaluria and particle flco; Filtrate enters vacuum evaporator, reaches boiling point evaporation, recovered steam (can form condensed water) and obtain concentrate under negative pressure 50 DEG C-70 DEG C time; Concentrate directly can be cooked liquid fertilizer, or be evenly sprayed in the filler of filtration-biological dewatered device, with the filter retentate being derived from Heisui River together with filler by biological oxidation, exothermic heat of reaction makes material be further dried, and finally forms the solid organic fertilizer being rich in nutrient.
The present invention relates generally to following several treating apparatus and processing procedure:
(1) gas is flushed the toilet:
Gas flushing device for toilet is that gas is flushed the toilet the capital equipment of system, take negative pressure as power, take gas as the just liquid (Heisui River) that delivery vehicles transmission is mixed by urine and ight soil (also having a small amount of flushing water when flushing the toilet), the profile of gas flushing device for toilet is substantially identical with the closet of conventional flush toilet, inside is furnished with negative pressure cavity and two diaphragm valves, negative pressure cavity connects negative pressure gathering tank by negative-pressure collecting tube road, urine good fluidity is utilized to have the feature of lubricant effect, rely on suction function, wash away fecaluria with surrounding air, this mode of flushing the toilet is applicable to all kinds of public lavatory, lavatory, family.
Gas flushing device for toilet is made up of the bedpan of routine, negative pressure cavity, diaphragm valve, level sensor, control device and button of flushing the toilet (manually opened button) etc., when not flushing the toilet, film imported plate valve and the floss hole diaphragm valve of negative pressure cavity are all closed airtight, stop bad smell excessive, when flushing the toilet, film imported plate valve is opened, and just liquid enters negative pressure cavity rapidly under the pressure differential effect of ambient atmosphere and negative pressure cavity.After negative pressure cavity material reaches the volume (controlling level) of setting, level sensor opens the diaphragm valve at negative pressure cavity two ends, just liquid flows to the liquid-collecting bin concentrated through negative-pressure collecting tube road, when needs carry out closet keep a public place clean time, the regenerated water flexible pipe that available a small amount of hand-washing water or subsequent treatment process produce or container (as teacup) are sprinkled into closet, the opening and closing of valve do not need the energy of additional form, but utilize system negative pressure itself.
Existing common negative pressure (vacuum) is although closet water supply volume is far below conventional Water-saving closet, but namely sewage come namely to rush, even a small amount of urine also needs a large amount of gas and a small amount of water blending transportation, and the present invention adds negative pressure cavity in closet, negative pressure cavity normality maintains negative pressure, urine first expends a small amount of gas and enters wherein, several times little after an action of the bowels and large after an action of the bowels, negative pressure cavity discharge eloquence can be opened, excreta is made to enter negative-pressure collecting tube road (negative pressure official website), this design is intended under the prerequisite ensureing safe and sanitary, effectively avoid pipeline in conventional drainage by suction under the effect of environment inside and outside differential pressure easily by problem that environmental gas penetrates, reduce energy consumption and reduction to flush the toilet noise simultaneously effectively.
Close with waterless toilet stool in the water-saving result of this gas of the present invention flushing device for toilet, but be more convenient for keeping a public place clean, comfort level is good, is sealed that thoroughly to stop stink excessive by diaphragm valve.Only keep a public place clean with a small amount of water where necessary, gas and power consumption are only about 20% of conventional flush-type negative pressure lavatory.
(2) filtration-biological dewatered device
Filtration-biological dewatered system usually primarily of the filtration-biological dewatered device composition of two groups of same configuration, the built-in organic waste of device (as more than kitchen, stalk etc.) filler that forms, integrate filtration and biological dewatered, these two kinds of functions switch chronologically.
Just liquid (Heisui River) is from top to bottom sprayed on filler, and foreign matter and particle major part are trapped, and plays the pre-filtering effect before negative pressure evaporation; Spray the concentrate after negative pressure evaporation concentrates to more dry filler, be adsorbed on filler and carry out biochemical reaction, play modified and that the degree of depth is concentrated effect; Air feed in filler, by controlling the parameters such as oxygen, temperature, ventilation, the organic matter biological oxidation in acceleration filler, increases the temperature of filler by biological heat and evaporation water realizes mummification, simultaneously holding temperature 50 ~ 70 DEG C >=5 days, realizes eliminating hygiene and pollutes.
This filtering biological-desiccation apparatus possesses the structure being different from conventional filters or drying device completely: 1. two groups of devices, filler layering is seated in the filter bag of drawing and pulling type, is convenient to put, get.2. filter bag is special air-and water-permeable screen cloth, can adopt biodegradable materials for support, and when using filtering function, filter bag interchangeable position, ensures filter smooth and easy and obtain equally distributed trapped substance.3. the cloth tube in Heisui River is equipped with uniform distribution shower nozzle, the cloth in Heisui River can be carried out, when performing biological dewatered function for spraying the concentrate that negative pressure evaporation obtains, realize effective filtration of original fecaluria (just liquid) and simple and easy effective control of high-performance bio mummification, the product-solid-state fertilizer after the design of drawer and filter bag can ensure mummification and foreign matter can simply wholesomely be taken out.
(3) vacuum evaporator
Vacuum evaporator is the capital equipment of high concentration fecaluria vapo(u)rization system, just liquid is after filtration-biological dewatered device filters, again after preheater and heat exchanger heat, enter vacuum evaporator to evaporate under negative pressure, heat pump can be utilized to extract steam compression cycle, reclaim heat again for the evaporation of filtrate, the evaporimeter vapours of discharging is through the condensation of heat exchanger and preheater, be condensed into the regenerated water that can recycle, concentrate can return the solid-state fertilizer of the further biological dewatered one-tenth of filtering biological desiccation apparatus, also can directly utilize as liquid fertilizer.
Adopt negative pressure evaporation, material (filtrate) low temperature can be made to be issued to boiling point evaporation (reaching boiling point 50 DEG C-70 DEG C time), effectively reduce evaporating temperature on the one hand, be convenient to the preservation that nutrition divides and the quality improving condensed water, be convenient to the energy being reclaimed indirect steam by heat pump on the other hand, reduce thermal energy consumption.
The problems such as particularly the design technology parameter of vacuum evaporator and filtering biological desiccation apparatus can be complementary flexibly, ingeniously utilizes biological dewatered deep dehydration, and the energy consumption increase avoiding sticky material evaporate causing, fouling of heat exchangers, discharging are difficult.
The present invention has following features:
(1) product is competitive
Equipment is flushed the toilet without external water supply, and no waste is discharged, can without outside electric power network (using solar energy and biological energy source as energy resource supply), produce regenerated water, produce fertilizer, there is following clear superiority: 1. system is without high temperature and high pressure condition, do not produce flammable and explosive substance, safe and reliable.2. system is airtight, and processing chain is short, and form simple and direct, cumulative volume is little, manageability and maintenance.
safe and sanitary, can be widely used in public lavatory or lavatory, family.
(2) applied widely
Two cover power supply interfaces can be equipped with, both can use Driven by Solar Energy completely, also can connect electrical network in the abundant area of power supply, increase the applicability of equipment; As the place be convenient to biogas and stored, when filtering biological desiccation apparatus basic boom is constant, by increasing filtrate cycle, can make to be in the device filtered under duty becomes anaerobic methane system, replaces solar energy system by the Co-generation of biogas.
(3) high-efficiency sanitary is collected
Negative pressure transportation is criticized by the fecaluria sequence of low discharge, can be building, community half centralized collection resource provides economy, energy-conservation scheme, crack artificial or car fortune collect existing for costly, the difficult problem of sanitary condition difference, low cost realizes fecaluria closed conduitization and collects.
(4) resource reclaim
Open up Sources decreasing collection, low temperature low energy consumption has concentrated mummification, possess the new way that the full nutrition of fecaluria divides.1. fully utilize biological energy source, solar energy and heat pump, carry out that fecaluria retains, concentrates, mummification at a lower temperature.2. the negative pressure pump that gas is flushed the toilet maintains negative pressure to vacuum evaporator simultaneously.3. negative pressure pump extract duct access filtration-biological dewatered device, to the filtrate and the trapped substance oxygen supply that are in the mummification phase, utilizes retaining of water in filtrate to remove exhaust stink with microbial decomposition simultaneously.4. the design technology parameter of evaporimeter and filtration-biological dewatered device can be complementary flexibly, system and then more reliable, and application conditions is wide, optimizes space large.
Except the technological means under special instruction or a preferred embodiment is except the further restriction to the relevant art means of another preferred embodiment, each preferred embodiment of the present invention can be combined.
Claims (10)
1. the airtight collection of fecaluria negative pressure and process utilize device, comprise gas to flush the toilet system, characterized by further comprising filtration-biological dewatered system and high concentration fecaluria vapo(u)rization system, the described gas system of flushing the toilet comprises gas flushing device for toilet and negative pressure unit, described negative pressure unit comprises negative pressure gathering tank and is used as the vacuum pump of negative pressure source, the negative pressure gathering tank described in pump-line connection of described vacuum pump, described negative pressure gathering tank is provided with Heisui River import and Heisui River outlet, the black water discharge mouth of described gas flushing device for toilet is connected by negative-pressure collecting tube road with the Heisui River import of described negative pressure gathering tank, described filtration-biological dewatered system is provided with the filtration-biological dewatered device of the organic waste filler of filling for carrying out filtration and biological dewatered process to material, described filtration-biological dewatered device is provided with inlet, filtrate (liquid, admittedly expect charging/discharging device, air inlet port and gas outlet, the Heisui River outlet of described negative pressure gathering tank connects the inlet of described filtration-biological dewatered device by Heisui River conveyance conduit, described high concentration fecaluria vapo(u)rization system is provided with the vacuum evaporator for carrying out concentrating sterilizing process to filtrate, preheater and heat exchanger, described vacuum evaporator is provided with charging aperture, negative pressure ventilation mouth, steam (vapor) outlet and concentrate floss hole, the filtrate (liquid of described filtration-biological dewatered device connects the heat-absorbing medium import of described preheater by filtrate conveyance conduit, the heat-absorbing medium outlet of described preheater exports with the heat-absorbing medium of described heat exchanger and is connected, the heat-absorbing medium outlet of described heat exchanger connects the charging aperture of described vacuum evaporator, the steam (vapor) outlet of described vacuum evaporator connects the exothermic medium import of described heat exchanger by steam pipeline, the exothermic medium outlet of described heat exchanger connects the exothermic medium import of described preheater, the exothermic medium outlet of described preheater connects regenerated water floss hole, the concentrate floss hole of described vacuum evaporator is connected with the inlet of liquid fertilizer floss hole with described filtration-biological dewatered device respectively through concentrate pipeline.
2. the airtight collection of fecaluria negative pressure as claimed in claim 1 and process utilize device, it is characterized in that described gas flushing device for toilet comprises bedpan, negative pressure cavity and two diaphragm valves, described negative pressure cavity is provided with feed pathway and discharge-channel, the feed pathway of described negative pressure cavity is communicated with described bedpan, the black water discharge mouth of gas flushing device for toilet described in the export mixes of the discharge-channel of described negative pressure cavity, the floss hole diaphragm valve that described two diaphragm valves are respectively the film imported plate valve in the feed pathway being arranged on described negative pressure cavity and are arranged on the discharge-channel of described negative pressure cavity, described film imported plate valve is furnished with manually or induction is released the button, described film imported plate valve and described floss hole diaphragm valve are furnished with automatic-discharging control device, described automatic-discharging control device is provided with the level sensor being positioned at described negative pressure cavity, open according to the liquid level in described negative pressure cavity or close described film imported plate valve and described floss hole diaphragm valve.
3. the airtight collection of fecaluria negative pressure as claimed in claim 2 and process utilize device, it is characterized in that the negative pressure cavity of described gas flushing device for toilet is positioned at rear portion and/or the bottom of described bedpan, released the button by described manually opened button or induction when flushing the toilet and automatically open described film imported plate valve, described negative pressure cavity is entered rapidly under the differential pressure action of the negative pressure in external atmosphere pressure and described negative pressure cavity of the Heisui River in described bedpan, after the opening time of setting, described film imported plate valve cuts out automatically, after the Heisui River in described negative pressure cavity reaches setting height or each large after an action of the bowels, described automatic-discharging control device opens described film imported plate valve and floss hole diaphragm valve according to the level signals of described level sensor or manual turning-on signal simultaneously automatically, Heisui River in described negative pressure cavity flows into the negative pressure gathering tank of described negative pressure unit under the suction function in described negative-pressure collecting tube road, after setting-up time, described film imported plate valve cuts out, described negative pressure cavity recovers negative pressure, then described floss hole diaphragm valve cuts out, described automatic-discharging control device, film imported plate valve and floss hole diaphragm valve all rely on negative pressure work, negative pressure everywhere provides by the vacuum pump of described negative pressure unit.
4. the airtight collection of fecaluria negative pressure as claimed in claim 3 and process utilize device, it is characterized in that described gas flushing device for toilet only carries fecaluria with gas as carrier, only rinsing with a small amount of water after an action of the bowels or when needing to keep a public place clean greatly, described bedpan adopts and can make the structure of stool smoothly by bedpan floss hole under a small amount of urine lubrication.
5. the airtight collection of fecaluria negative pressure as claimed in claim 1 and process utilize device, the quantity that it is characterized in that the filtration-biological dewatered device of described filtration-biological dewatered system is two groups, described two groups of filtrations-biological dewatered device adopts the airtight chamber installation that structure is identical, parallel with one another, often assembling has installed one or more process storehouse, described process storehouse adopts drawer-type structure, the wall of described drawer or the end, adopt orifice plate to make or with some holes, the filter bag be made up of the screen cloth of water-permeable and air permeable is provided with in drawer, described organic waste filler is contained in described filter bag, the cloth tube of uniform aperture is had above described drawer, described cloth tube connects the inlet of described filtration-biological dewatered device, the below of described drawer is provided with base plate, filtrate discharge nozzle is had between described drawer and base plate, described filtrate discharge nozzle is connected with the filtrate (liquid of described filtration-biological dewatered device.
6. the airtight collection of fecaluria negative pressure as claimed in claim 5 and process utilize device, it is characterized in that described process storehouse is also provided with air intlet and air outlet slit, the air intlet in described process storehouse and air outlet slit are separately positioned on casing lower wall and casing top, the air intlet in described process storehouse is connected by the air inlet port of pipeline with described filtration-biological dewatered device, the air inlet port of described filtration-biological dewatered device is connected with the extract duct of the vacuum pump of described negative pressure unit and/or is connected with the blast fan be equipped with separately, for the ventilation oxygen supply in described filtration-biological dewatered device, the air outlet slit in described process storehouse is connected by the gas outlet of pipeline with described filtration-biological dewatered device, the gas outlet of described filtration-biological dewatered device is connected with deodoriser by pipeline.
7. the airtight collection of fecaluria negative pressure as claimed in claim 6 and process utilize device, it is characterized in that described filtration-biological dewatered device integrate filter and biological dewatered, two functions switch chronologically, charging and filter process is mainly time initial, Heisui River flows into described cloth tube through the inlet of described filtration-biological dewatered device, from top to bottom be sprayed on the described organic waste filler in described process storehouse by described cloth tube, foreign matter in Heisui River and particle major part retain by the filtration of described organic waste filler, play the pre-filtering effect before negative pressure evaporation, after 5 ~ 7 days, this group filtration-biological dewatered device stops into Heisui River, enter the biological dewatered stage, the gas of being discharged by described vacuum pump gives described process storehouse oxygen supply, play the effect of filtering the stink substance retained in the exhaust of described vacuum pump simultaneously, by the intermittent aeration oxygen supply as required of described blast fan, make the organic waste filler in described process storehouse and be trapped thing and later stage to spray through described cloth tube the concentrate entered and start high-temperature aerobic fermentation, the biological heat energy produced by microbial respiratory metabolism improves temperature and realizes evaporation mummification, micro-good oxygen condition is realized by optimizing Ventilation Control in course of reaction, a large amount of odorous gas is avoided to produce, the time that temperature of charge simultaneously in described process storehouse maintains 50 ~ 70 DEG C is more than 5 days, pollute to eliminate hygiene, finally obtain solid organic fertilizer.
8. the airtight collection of fecaluria negative pressure as claimed in claim 6 and process utilize device, it is characterized in that described filtration-biological dewatered device uses as filtration and anaerobic reactor, after charging and filter process, do not give the ventilation oxygen supply of described process storehouse, with filtrate cycle pump, the portion filtrate that described process storehouse produces is returned described process storehouse, extend reaction time, obtained biogas is used for generating electricity and drive system is run, and all the other utilize in the mode of cooking or throwing light on.
9. the airtight collection of fecaluria negative pressure as claimed in claim 1 and process utilize device, it is characterized in that the negative pressure ventilation mouth of described vacuum evaporator is connected with the pump-line of described vacuum pump, the filtrate in described vacuum evaporator is made to be issued to boiling point evaporation in negative pressure and lower temperature, heat pump is provided with between described evaporimeter and described heat exchanger, recycle the energy of indirect steam, the concentrate floss hole of described vacuum evaporator both can directly discharge concentrate as liquid fertilizer, again can pumping concentrate to described filtration-biological dewatered device further concentrated mummification become solid fertilizer, the steam extracted from described vacuum evaporator is successively through described heat exchanger and preheater heat release, be condensed into water and flow out from regenerated water outlet, so that as reclaimed wastewater reuse.
10. as claim 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, the airtight collection of fecaluria negative pressure described in 8 or 9 and process utilize device, it is characterized in that applying described gas flushing device for toilet, Heisui River total amount is significantly reduced in source, the design technology parameter of described negative pressure evaporation system and described filtration-biological dewatered system can be complementary flexibly, increase described filtration-biological dewatered system loading to reduce energy consumption having in sufficient space situation, described negative pressure evaporation system loading is increased to save occupation of land in insufficient space situation, described gas is flushed the toilet system, filtration-biological dewatered system and high concentration fecaluria vapo(u)rization system are worked in coordination with and are utilized described vacuum pump bleed and be vented, to save Equipments Setting, strengthen stink substance to retain with treatment effect and streamlining management flow process, be that concentrate deep dehydration prepares solid fertilizer by the biological dewatered function of described filtration-biological dewatered system, avoid negative pressure evaporation system to concentrate high concentration fecaluria to increase to the energy consumption caused compared with low-water-content, fouling of heat exchangers, discharging difficult problem, realize total system stable operation.
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