CN109958987B

CN109958987B - Power generation device for comprehensively utilizing livestock excrement

Info

Publication number: CN109958987B
Application number: CN201910324892.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘小江; 苏小军; 刘哲勤; 毕可磊
Original assignee: Hunan Freire Environmental Protection And Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Freire Environmental Protection And Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-04-22
Filing date: 2019-04-22
Publication date: 2024-02-20
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-22
Also published as: CN109958987A

Abstract

The invention provides a livestock excrement comprehensive utilization power generation device, which comprises: a heat insulation cylinder; the heat source comprises a combustion device and a methane tank; the steam device comprises a steam pool and a heat conduction pipe; a power generation assembly; a first heat exchanger; the heat pump unit comprises a first diversion mechanism, a heat pump unit and a heat transfer device; the combustion device is used for heating the fluid in the heat insulation cylinder so as to enable the heated fluid to flow to the power generation assembly and drive the power generation assembly to generate power; the first heat exchanger is stored with a working medium which is used for absorbing heat in fluid flowing into the power generation assembly; the first flow guiding mechanism is used for sending the working medium back to the first heat exchanger after sending the working medium to the heat pump unit; the heat pump unit is used for absorbing heat in the working medium, and the heat transfer device is used for transferring the heat absorbed by the heat pump unit into the heat insulation cylinder. The livestock excrement comprehensive utilization power generation device provided by the invention can recycle livestock excrement, and has the advantages of low pollution and high economic benefit.

Description

Power generation device for comprehensively utilizing livestock excrement

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological agriculture, in particular to a power generation device for comprehensively utilizing livestock excrement.

Background

Exhaust steam refers to the steam exhausted from a steam engine, a steam turbine, etc. that has performed work.

If livestock manure is used as ecological organic fertilizer, the storage is troublesome, and the transportation also brings about environmental air pollution in a larger range, especially, liquid manure water is not well treated and is difficult to store, so that the key point of solving the problem is that the pollution of the manure to the environment cannot bring economic burden to farmers, the technical key is how to effectively deodorize, concentrate manure water in an economic way, reduce the waste liquid amount of manure water, greatly reduce the transportation cost and the storage cost, effectively improve the biogas yield, and effectively utilize the biogas combustion value to generate electricity so as to become harmful. Therefore, the invention adopts a high-efficiency hot gas and steam lift power generation scheme and combines a heat pump unit to realize that waste steam latent heat after steam power generation is used for heating excrement to improve biogas yield, and waste steam condensed water can be reused. This is different from conventional power generation by using steam, in that a boiler is not required to generate high-pressure steam, a condenser is not required, and a cooling tower is not required, because a rotary heat exchanger is adopted to absorb the latent heat of steam converted into exhaust steam after pushing turbine blades to rotate, so that the investment cost of power generation equipment is greatly reduced, the power generation equipment is affordable and affordable for small and medium farmers, and the power generation equipment is also advantageous, and the background technology is described in more detail below:

At present, heat energy of more than 55% can not be utilized in thermal power generation, nuclear power generation, garbage power generation, biomass energy power generation and the like, especially, the latent heat of dead steam has to be dissipated into the air and causes environmental heat pollution; the turbine is still adopted to drive the engine to generate power like thermal power generation, so that the investment cost of power generation equipment is increased, and the efficiency of converting heat energy into electric energy is low. The boiler is adopted to generate high-pressure steam to generate power, and the chimney waste heat loss is generated, and haze harmful gas is generated, so that the environment is extremely unfriendly, in order to solve the corresponding problems, scientific workers explore various ways to solve the problems, wind power and solar energy are greatly developed, and the development of nuclear power is the primary focus of course, and in non-fossil energy, nuclear power has the characteristics of cleanness, stability and high efficiency. The nuclear power has no carbon emission in the production process, and no dust, PM2.5 and other pollutants are emitted; compared with a general coal-fired power plant with the same scale, the million-kilowatt nuclear power unit can reduce the emission of 585 ten thousand tons of carbon dioxide each year, and has obvious environmental protection effect.

The nuclear power is different in stack efficiency, and the theory value shows that: AP1000 thermal power 3400MW, electric power 1250MW and efficiency 36.8%; the heat power of the fast reactor in China experiment is 65.5MW, the electric power is 25MW, and the efficiency is 38.2%; high temperature gas cooled reactors are said to be up to 47% efficient. The maximum of the thermal power plant is about 40-42%, and the efficiency is generally higher than that of nuclear power. Photovoltaic power generation efficiency: 19% -21% of monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon: 16-17%.

Compared with the prior thermal power generation and nuclear power gas turbine generator, the gas turbine generator does not need to be provided with a cooling tower, has high power generation efficiency, cannot use solid fuel, cannot generate large-scale power generation, and has the exhaust temperature of more than 400 ℃ generally, so that the comprehensive utilization efficiency is higher. As an aerospace engine, a turbo turbofan structure form and an existing centrifugal compressor are adopted, the screw compressors belong to turbomachines and the like, and have the problem of compression ratio no matter whether the screw compressors generate electric energy or mechanical energy or convert the electric energy into the mechanical energy, the larger the compression ratio of the turbomachines converting the electric energy into the mechanical energy is, the more power consumption is required, and the larger the compression ratio of the turbomachines converting the heat energy into the mechanical energy or the electric energy is, the higher the efficiency of converting the heat energy into the mechanical energy or the electric energy is.

The gas turbine operates by continuously drawing air from the atmosphere and compressing it by a compressor (i.e., compressor); the compressed air enters a combustion chamber, is mixed with injected fuel and combusted to become high-temperature fuel gas, and then flows into a gas turbine to expand and work, so that turbine impellers are pushed to rotate together with the compressor impellers; the working capacity of the heated high-temperature gas is obviously improved, so that the gas turbine drives the gas compressor and simultaneously has residual work as output mechanical work of the gas turbine. When the gas turbine is started from a standstill, the starter is required to rotate, and the starter is disconnected after the gas turbine is accelerated to be capable of independently running.

The operation of a gas turbine is the simplest, called simple cycle; in addition, there are regenerative cycles and complex cycles. The working medium of the gas turbine comes from the atmosphere and finally is discharged to the atmosphere, so that the gas turbine is open circulation; in addition, there is also a closed cycle in which the working medium is used in a closed cycle. Gas turbines are combined with other heat engines to be referred to as compound cycle devices.

The initial temperature of the gas and the compression ratio of the compressor are two major factors affecting the efficiency of the gas turbine. The initial temperature of the gas is improved, and the compression ratio is correspondingly improved, so that the efficiency of the gas turbine can be obviously improved. At the end of the 70 s, the compression ratio reaches 31 at the highest; the initial gas temperature of industrial and marine gas turbines is up to about 1200 ℃ and the temperature of aviation gas turbines exceeds 1350 ℃.

Turbines are classified into radial turbines and axial turbines. Radial turbine gas engines are where the gas flows mainly in radial direction, and radial turbines consist of parts such as guides, impellers, etc., typically used in small gas turbine engines or as power for hydraulic pumps. An axial turbine is one in which the gas flows mainly in the axial direction. Gas turbine engines use mostly axial turbines, and therefore, the term "turbine" alone is generally intended to refer to an axial turbine. It consists of stator and rotor. The stator is also called a guider, and the rotor is also called a working wheel. A row of stator blades and a row of rotor blades form a primary turbine. Turbojet engines typically have 1-2 stage turbines. The turbine of turbofan engines is typically 4-5 stages, and many can reach 6-7 stages. The air flow channel formed by the guide vane and most of the rotor vanes is convergent (the outlet area is smaller than the inlet area), high-temperature high-pressure gas firstly enters the guide to expand and accelerate, and is rushed to the rotor vanes at a speed which is close to or slightly greater than the local sonic speed, so that the working wheel rotates; the gas continues to expand in the converging channel of the rotor blades, which in turn gives the impeller a driving force, which causes the impeller to rotate at high speed and to output power, such a turbine being called a counterforce turbine. In a few gas turbines, in which the blade channels of the rotor merely redirect the gas without expansion acceleration, the rotor is driven entirely by the high-speed gas exiting from the guide, such turbines are known as impulse turbines. In a dual rotor engine, the turbine driving the fan or low pressure compressor is referred to as the low pressure turbine, and the turbine driving the high pressure compressor is referred to as the high pressure turbine.

In 1903, the GE company successfully developed the world's highest power 5000 kw steam turbine generator installed in a power plant located in the edison channel of chicago to replace the reciprocating piston engine power generation device. Compared with the original piston type reciprocating power generation device, the volume of the steam turbine generator developed by the GE company is only 1/10, the weight of the steam turbine generator is 1/8, the power generation cost is 1/3, the GE company establishes a steam turbine research department in a Linn factory in northeast China of Massachusetts, and research, development and engineering application business of steam turbine technology and products are started. From this point on, the GE company's steam turbine generator occupies the power generation market throughout the united states. The german industry ju-top siemens company formally announced the recent day that the development of the next generation HL-grade gas turbine technology is being advanced. Siemens call that the HL-level gas turbine is a brand new technology developed based on the H-level gas turbine, the net power generation efficiency can break through 63%, and the middle-term goal is that the net power generation efficiency reaches 65%. As one type of internal combustion engine, a gas turbine is essentially a machine that generates gas by combusting fuel (mainly natural gas) with air to push the blades to work, and the current main stream models are E-stage, F-stage and H-stage, according to the temperature of the combustion chamber. The advantage of gas turbines is the stepped utilization, and it can be seen that the net efficiency of the current worldwide most advanced million kw ultra supercritical coal motor group is not more than 47%.

For the efficiency of a small gas turbine generator, the current efficiency is low, about 30 percent, the efficiency is reduced, but a heat exchanger is potentially added as a sub-cycle, the comprehensive power generation efficiency of a high-pressure gas unit in a power plant can reach more than 60 percent, a micro-combustion engine can only say a little potential, but the current range-increasing efficiency is not as high as that of an internal combustion engine.

The device for heating the organic liquid in the steam generator by the burner to change the organic liquid into steam and pushing the turbine impeller to rotate by virtue of the expansion force of the steam to drive the generator to generate electricity is a closed gas turbine engine. The steam after doing work through the turbine is condensed into liquid through the condenser, and is sent back to the steam generator by the reflux pump, so that the organic liquid is recycled, and the organic liquid can be used for generator cooling and bearing lubrication at the same time. Both the organic liquid and the gas are sealed in a closed loop circulation system made of stainless steel, and the organic liquid is not lost. The whole system has only one rotating part (the turbine, the generator and the circulating pump are coaxial), and no metal friction and lubrication are needed; the generator has no brush and the rotor has no winding; the burner is windproof, and the wind speed is 180Km/h, so that the burner can work normally.

The generator has the advantages of reliable operation, and average fault-free time (MTBF) of 20000 hours; the maintenance is simple, and the service life is long (20 years); its disadvantages are high oil consumption and long start-up time (about 20-30 min). The closed-loop steam turbine generator is produced by the company ORMAT, and has the following technical specifications: output power: 200-3000W; output voltage: direct current 24V or 48V; voltage adjustment: 3.5% standard; direct current ripple: 20mV peak-to-peak standard, 20mV peak-to-peak selectable value; electromagnetic compatibility (EMI): is higher than the commodity requirement; short circuit capacity: 3-5 times of rated current; temperature range: standard-10 to +40 ℃, up to 50 ℃ usable; altitude of sea: standard 0-1980 m, highest 4572m available; and (3) a generator: synchronous brushless, coil-less and commutator solid rotors; and (3) a turbine: the rotating speed is 12000-21000 r/min; combustion chamber temperature: 125-250 ℃; combustion type: liquefied petroleum gas, diesel, kerosene or any other heat source; fuel consumption: 17600kCal/kW at 25 ℃. The fuel can be gasoline, diesel oil, alcohol or natural gas.

Among turboprop and turboshaft engines, the turbine that powers the air propeller or helicopter rotor is called the power turbine, which is separate from the turbine that drives the compressor and is therefore also called the free turbine. The high-temperature high-pressure gas expands in the turbine to do work, and simultaneously the pressure, temperature and density of the gas are gradually reduced. In order to better improve the heat efficiency, engineers have to increase the diameter of the fan, and the larger the diameter of the fan, the higher the efficiency of the aircraft engine, but the larger the air resistance of the windward side is, so that the bypass ratio of the turbofan engine and the turboslurry engine is far larger than that of the turbine engine. The power airflow direction of the current aeroengine is axially consistent, the turbofan engine and the turbine engine are both in axial airflow directions, the turbofan engine saves energy much than the turbine engine, the turbofan engine cannot realize supersonic flight, because the air inlet of the turbofan engine is equal to the diameter of the fan impeller, the windward side is large, and the resistance of wind is in direct proportion to the square of the wind speed, so the turbofan engine is not suitable for being used as power equipment of a supersonic aircraft, and the larger the diameter of the turbofan is, the less energy consumption is required, and the advantage that the engine with a larger bypass ratio is more energy-saving is fully proved. The turboprop engine has the advantages that the turboprop engine has a quite large bypass ratio: the oil is saved and the maintenance is simple. The disadvantages are: the flight speed is slow.

Also the idea of solar chimney power generation is first proposed in 1978 by professor j.schlaich, germany. The solar chimney power station is built in spanish in 1982 by the combined support of the germany government and spanish-domestic power enterprises. The height of the chimney of the power station is 200m, the diameter of the chimney is 10.3m, and the diameter of the covering area of the heat collecting shed is about 250m. In the daytime, the rotating speed of the turbine generator is 1500rpm, and the output power is 100kW; the rotational speed of the turbine generator was lO rpm and the output power was 40kW at night. The solar chimney power generation technology successfully combines three mature technologies into a whole: greenhouse technology, chimney technology, and wind turbine technology. The heat collecting shed is made of transparent materials such as glass or plastic and is supported by a metal frame, and certain gaps (H in height) are reserved between the periphery of the heat collecting shed and the ground. About 90% of the solar visible light (short wave radiation) can pass through the transparent heat collecting shed and be absorbed by the ground (with the diameter of R) in the shed, and meanwhile, the heat collecting shed can well block the long wave radiation emitted by the ground due to the greenhouse effect. Thus, solar thermal-storage sheds are an efficient collection and storage system for solar energy. The heat exchange between the heated ground (temperature is T) and the air (temperature is Ti) in the greenhouse increases the temperature of the air in the heat collection greenhouse, and the heated air rises due to the density reduction and enters a chimney (radius is r and height is H) in the middle of the heat collection greenhouse. Meanwhile, cold air (the temperature is T) outside the greenhouse enters the heat collection greenhouse through gaps around the greenhouse, so that continuous flow of air in the heat collection greenhouse is formed. The rising speed of the hot air in the chimney is improved, and meanwhile, the rising airflow pushes the turbine generator to operate for power generation. Since the advent of solar chimney power technology, attention has been paid extensively. From the beginning of the 80 s of the 20 th century until now, a series of studies have been conducted on solar chimney power generation and related technologies in several countries, such as the united states, germany, spanish, india, australia, egypt, moroxyge and south africa. In 1983, a courtyard solar power generation device with a chimney height of 10m, a heat collecting shed diameter of 6m and an output power of 10W was built by the American scientist Krisst. Three different types of solar chimney models were built in florida university garden in 1997 for a great deal of theoretical and experimental research. The program of building a 100MW solar chimney power plant in the tajistein's tales of india j was demonstrated and started to be implemented, but was emptied due to the nuclear competition between india and pakistan. Since 1995, walfwalter, by the physicist The group of stinna leaders has proposed a plan for 2004 to build a 200MW solar chimney power plant solution around the desert city tin, which is remote in south africa, but this enormous plan still presents a number of significant difficulties, where the required 1500m high chimney plan is unprecedented in the world. In recent years, foreign articles related to solar chimney power generation technology are published every year, and related problems such as a solar chimney power station structure model, energy conversion efficiency, environmental effect and the like are studied. However, there is rarely a domestic report of solar chimney technology, which is a strange technology for most people.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new livestock excrement comprehensive utilization power generation device.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the technical problems of high pollution and low economic benefit by providing a comprehensive utilization power generation device for livestock excreta, which is used for solving the technical problems that the livestock excreta cannot be effectively recycled in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the livestock excrement comprehensive utilization power generation device provided by the invention comprises:

a heat insulation cylinder;

the heat source comprises a combustion device and a methane tank, the combustion device is arranged in the heat insulation cylinder, and the methane tank is used for providing methane for the combustion device;

the steam device is suspended in the heat insulation cylinder and is arranged towards the combustion device, the steam device comprises a steam pool and a heat conduction pipe, the heat conduction pipe is communicated with the steam pool, and biogas residues and biogas slurry are stored in the steam pool;

the power generation assembly is suspended above the heat insulation cylinder;

the first heat exchanger is arranged in the power generation assembly;

the heat pump unit comprises a first diversion mechanism, a heat pump unit and a heat transfer device;

the combustion device is used for heating the fluid in the heat insulation cylinder so as to realize that the heated fluid flows to the power generation assembly and drives the power generation assembly to generate power;

The first heat exchanger is used for storing a working medium which is used for absorbing heat in fluid flowing into the power generation assembly;

the first flow guiding mechanism is used for sending the working medium back to the first heat exchanger after sending the working medium to the heat pump unit;

the heat pump unit is used for absorbing heat in the working medium, and the heat transfer device is used for transferring the heat absorbed by the heat pump unit into the heat insulation cylinder.

Preferably, the first diversion mechanism comprises a first diversion trench structure, a first water outlet pipe and a first pump body, wherein the first diversion trench structure is arranged at the top end of the heat insulation cylinder, and the first water outlet pipe is communicated with the first diversion trench structure and the first heat exchanger; the working medium flows into the first water outlet pipe and the first diversion trench structure from the first heat exchanger in sequence, and the first pump body is used for sending the working medium in the first diversion trench structure back to the first heat exchanger after sending the working medium into the heat pump unit.

Preferably, the livestock excrement comprehensive utilization power generation device further comprises a second diversion mechanism, the second diversion mechanism comprises a second diversion groove structure, a second water receiving disc and a second water outlet pipe, the second diversion groove structure is arranged on the heat insulation cylinder, the water receiving disc faces the first heat exchanger, and the second water receiving disc, the second water outlet pipe, the second diversion groove structure, the farm and the biogas digester are sequentially communicated.

Preferably, the heat transfer device comprises a second heat exchanger, a second pump body and a fan, wherein a heat transfer hole is formed in the heat insulation cylinder, the second heat exchanger faces the heat transfer hole, and the fan is arranged on one side, away from the heat transfer hole, of the second heat exchanger; the second heat exchanger is internally provided with a heat conducting medium, and the second pump body is used for sending the heat conducting medium back to the second heat exchanger after sending the heat conducting medium to the condenser of the heat pump unit.

Preferably, the second pump body is further used for sending the liquid in the biogas digester back to the condenser of the heat pump unit.

Preferably, the power generation assembly comprises a rotating shaft, power generation equipment and a plurality of groups of rotating blades, one end of the rotating shaft is suspended above the heat insulation cylinder, the first heat exchanger is connected with one end of the rotating shaft, the other end of the rotating shaft extends to the combustion device, the plurality of groups of rotating blades are sequentially arranged at intervals at the other end of the rotating shaft, the rotating blades face the combustion device, and the other end of the rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the power generation equipment;

the combustion device is used for heating the fluid in the heat insulation cylinder so as to enable the heated fluid to flow to the rotating blades and drive the rotating blades to rotate.

Preferably, the rotating shaft comprises a hollow shaft and a power generation shaft which are connected with each other, the power generation shaft is in transmission connection with the power generation equipment, the hollow shaft is of a hollow structure, and the hollow shaft is communicated with the first heat exchanger; the first pump body is used for sending the working medium in the first diversion trench structure to the evaporator of the heat pump unit and then sending the working medium back to the first heat exchanger through the hollow structure.

Preferably, the power generation assembly further comprises a fluid guiding device provided between two adjacent rotating blades.

Preferably, the water outlet direction of the first water outlet pipe is tangential to the outer circumference of the rotating sleeve.

Preferably, the power generation assembly further comprises a sliding wheel, wherein a shaft of the sliding wheel is connected with the first heat exchanger, and the sliding wheel is placed on the heat insulation cylinder so as to enable one end of the rotating shaft to be suspended above the heat insulation cylinder.

In the power generation device for comprehensively utilizing livestock excrement, the combustion device heats the fluid in the heat insulation cylinder, so that the heated fluid flows into the power generation group and drives the power generation assembly to generate power; the first heat exchanger stores a working medium and absorbs heat in fluid flowing to the power generation assembly; the flow guiding mechanism sends the working medium back to the first heat exchanger after sending the working medium to the heat pump unit; the heat pump unit is used for absorbing heat in the working medium, and the heat transfer device is used for transferring the heat absorbed by the heat pump unit into the heat insulation cylinder. The fluid flowing into the power generation assembly comprises the flooding gas, so that the latent heat in the exhaust steam is recycled, a device is not required to be additionally arranged to release the latent heat in the flooding gas, and the environment is polluted by heat;

And the fluid flowing into the power generation assembly also comprises water vapor, part of the water vapor is derived from the biogas slurry in the steam pool, and the obtained dried biogas residue can be used as an organic chemical fertilizer after the water in the biogas slurry and the biogas residue is evaporated.

In conclusion, the power generation device for comprehensively utilizing livestock excreta can generate power, acquire organic fertilizer, realize the recycling and effective utilization of livestock excreta, and has extremely high economic effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a livestock waste comprehensive utilization power generation device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of the livestock waste comprehensive utilization power generation device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an assembly view of the first heat exchanger and the insulating cylinder shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a view showing a usage scenario of the livestock excrement comprehensive utilization power generation device provided by the invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1-heat insulation cylinder, 2-heat source, 3-steam device, power generation assembly (not numbered), 5-first heat exchanger, 6-first diversion mechanism, 7-second diversion mechanism, 8-heat pump unit and 9-heat transfer device;

11-cylinder, 12-chute structure, 13-heat transfer hole;

21-methane tank and 22-combustion device

31-a steam pool, 32-a heat conducting pipe;

41-rotating shafts, 42-rotating blades, 44-generating equipment, 45-sliding wheels and 46-fluid guiding devices;

61-a first water outlet pipe, 62-a first diversion trench structure and 63-a first pump body;

71-a water receiving disc, 72-a second water outlet pipe, 73-a second diversion trench structure and 74-a farm;

81-evaporator, 82-condenser, 83-throttling device, 84-compressor;

91-second heat exchanger, 92-second pump body, 93-fan.

The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

Furthermore, descriptions such as those referred to as "first," "second," and the like, are provided for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying an order of magnitude of the indicated technical features in the present disclosure. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "affixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "affixed" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral body; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can implement the technical solutions, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be implemented, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered as not existing, and not falling within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

The invention provides a power generation device for comprehensively utilizing livestock excrement.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4 in combination, in an embodiment of the present invention, a livestock excrement comprehensive utilization power generation device includes:

a heat insulating cylinder 1;

a heat source 2, wherein the heat source 2 comprises a combustion device 22 and a methane tank 21, the combustion device 22 is arranged in the heat insulation cylinder 1, and the methane tank 21 is used for providing methane for the combustion device 22;

the steam device 3 is suspended in the heat insulation cylinder 1 and is arranged towards the combustion device 22, the steam device 3 comprises a steam pool 31 and a heat conduction pipe 32, the heat conduction pipe 32 is communicated with the steam pool 31, and biogas slurry and biogas residues are stored in the steam pool 31;

the power generation assembly is suspended above the heat insulation cylinder 1;

a first heat exchanger 5, the first heat exchanger 5 being connected with the power generation assembly;

the heat pump unit comprises a first diversion mechanism 6, a heat pump unit 8 and a heat transfer device 9;

wherein the combustion device 22 is used for heating the fluid in the heat insulation cylinder 1 so as to enable the heated fluid to flow into the power generation assembly and drive the power generation assembly to generate power;

the first heat exchanger 5 stores a working medium, and the working medium is used for absorbing heat in fluid rushing to the power generation assembly;

The first diversion mechanism 6 is used for sending the working medium back to the first heat exchanger 5 after sending the working medium to the heat pump unit 8;

the heat pump unit 8 is used for absorbing heat in the working medium, and the heat transfer device 9 is used for transferring the heat absorbed by the heat pump unit 8 into the heat insulation cylinder 1.

In the livestock excrement comprehensive utilization power generation device provided by the invention, the combustion device 22 heats the fluid in the heat insulation cylinder 1, so that the heated fluid flows to the power generation assembly and drives the power generation assembly to generate power; the first heat exchanger 5 stores a working medium and absorbs heat in fluid flowing to the power generation assembly; the flow guiding mechanism sends the working medium back to the first heat exchanger 5 after sending the working medium to the heat pump unit 8; the heat pump unit 8 is used for absorbing heat in the working medium, and the heat transfer device 9 is used for transferring the heat absorbed by the heat pump unit 8 into the heat insulation cylinder 1. The fluid flowing into the power generation assembly comprises the flooding gas, so that the latent heat in the exhaust steam is recycled, a device is not required to be additionally arranged to release the latent heat in the flooding gas, and the environment is thermally polluted;

the fluid flowing into the power generation assembly also contains water vapor, and part of the water vapor is derived from the biogas slurry in the steam pool 31, and the obtained dry biogas residue can be used as an organic fertilizer after the water in the biogas slurry is evaporated.

In the embodiment, the biogas slurry and the biogas residue are a mixture of livestock excrement and water, namely a mixture of livestock excrement and water; the methane tank 21 stores fermentation bacteria and excreta of livestock and/or people, maintains a certain temperature in the methane tank 21, and the excreta generates methane under the action of the fermentation bacteria.

In this embodiment, the heat conducting pipe 32 is detachably connected to the steam pool 31, and the heat conducting pipe 32 may be a fire pipe; the fire tube is provided with heat-conducting fluid, and the heat-conducting fluid in the fire tube can flow back to the steam pool 31 after being heated so as to heat the fermented manure water in the steam generating pool;

the heat exchange area of the fire tube is large, so that the heat generated during methane combustion can be fully absorbed, and the problem that the dried excrement blocks the heat exchange tube is avoided.

The fluid may be in a mixed form, such as air and water vapor. This part of the water vapour originates from the mixture of livestock waste and water in the steam pool 31.

The combustion device 22 can further heat the air entering the heat insulation cylinder 1 and further heat and gasify the water in the mixture of livestock excrement and water;

The heated air and gasified steam expand in the heat insulation cylinder 1 to do work, and the power generation assembly is driven to generate power by the aid of hot air lifting force.

In this embodiment, the heat pump unit 8 includes an evaporator 81, a condenser 82, a compressor 84, and a throttling device 83, and the working principle thereof is as follows:

the working medium first enters the evaporator 81 to release latent heat to the refrigerant in the evaporator 81;

the refrigerant is vaporized to obtain this latent heat, and is again compressed into the condenser 82 by the compressor 84 and transfers the latent heat to the other side heating medium;

after releasing latent heat, the refrigerant is condensed into liquid refrigerant; and again returned to the evaporator 81 again through the throttle 83 to acquire latent heat of the working medium to evaporate, thus forming a refrigerant circulation process.

The working medium may be chilled water.

The first diversion mechanism 6 comprises a first diversion trench structure 62, a first water outlet pipe 61 and a first pump body 63, the first diversion trench structure is arranged at the top end of the heat insulation cylinder 1, and the first water outlet pipe 61 is communicated with the first diversion trench structure 62 and the first heat exchanger 5; the working medium flows into the first water outlet pipe 61 and the first diversion trench structure 62 from the first heat exchanger 5 in sequence, and the first pump body 63 is used for sending the working medium in the first diversion trench structure 62 back to the first heat exchanger 5 after being sent into the heat pump unit 8.

The livestock excrement comprehensive utilization power generation device further comprises a second diversion mechanism 7, the second diversion mechanism 7 comprises a second diversion groove structure 73, a water receiving disc 71 and a second water outlet pipe 72, the second diversion groove structure 73 is arranged on the heat insulation cylinder 1, the water receiving disc 71 is arranged towards the first heat exchanger 5, and the second water receiving disc 71, the second water outlet pipe 72, the second diversion groove structure 73, the farm 74 and the methane tank 21 are sequentially communicated.

The exhaust steam releases latent heat to become condensed water, and then drops into the water receiving tray 71, and flows into the second diversion trench through the second water outlet pipe 72 by means of rotational centrifugal force, and then flows to the farm 74.

Livestock manure waste water generated by the farm 74 flows into the biogas digester 21, so that water in the manure water is recycled.

The heat transfer device 9 comprises a second heat exchanger 91, a second pump 92 and a fan 93, wherein a heat transfer hole 13 is formed in the heat insulation cylinder 1, the second heat exchanger 91 is arranged towards the heat transfer hole 13, and the fan 93 is arranged on one side of the second heat exchanger 91 away from the heat transfer hole 13; the second heat exchanger 91 stores a heat-conducting medium, and the second pump 92 is configured to send the heat-conducting medium back to the second heat exchanger 91 after sending the heat-conducting medium to the condenser 82 of the heat pump unit 8.

In this embodiment, the number of the second heat exchangers 91 may be plural, and plural heat exchangers may be disposed around the heat insulating cylinder 1.

The second pump body 92 is further configured to send the liquid in the biogas digester 21 back to the biogas digester 21 after being sent to the condenser 82 of the heat pump unit 8.

The liquid in the methane tank 21 can be heated up through the condenser 82 and can well maintain the temperature in the methane tank 21 to ferment at high temperature after flowing back to the methane tank 21, thereby further improving the utilization rate of the submerged heat of the exhaust steam.

The power generation assembly comprises a rotating shaft 41, power generation equipment 44 and a plurality of rotating blades 42, one end of the rotating shaft 41 is suspended above the heat insulation cylinder 1, the first heat exchanger 5 is connected with one end of the rotating shaft 41, the other end of the rotating shaft 41 extends to the combustion device 22, a plurality of groups of rotating blades 42 are sequentially arranged at intervals at the other end of the rotating shaft 41, the rotating blades 42 face the combustion device 22, and the other end of the rotating shaft 41 is in transmission connection with the power generation equipment 44;

wherein the combustion device 22 is used for heating the fluid in the heat insulation cylinder 1 so as to enable the heated fluid to flow into the rotating blades 42 and drive the rotating blades 42 to rotate.

In this embodiment, the other end of the rotating shaft 41 is connected to a driving shaft of the power generation device 44, and the power generation of the power generation device 44 is achieved by driving the driving shaft to rotate.

The heated air and gasified steam expand in the heat insulation cylinder 1 to do work, and the hot air lift force is used for pushing the driving rotating blades 42 to rotate;

the rotating blades 42 drive the rotating shaft 41 to rotate, the other end of the rotating shaft 41 is connected with a driving shaft of the power generation device 44, and the power generation of the power generation device 44 is realized by driving the driving shaft to rotate.

The rotating shaft 41 comprises a hollow shaft and a power generation shaft which are connected with each other, the power generation shaft is in transmission connection with the power generation equipment 44, the hollow shaft is of a hollow structure, and the hollow shaft is communicated with the first heat exchanger 5; the first pump body 63 is used for sending the working medium in the first diversion trench structure 62 to the evaporator 81 of the heat pump unit 8, and then sending the working medium back to the first heat exchanger 5 through the hollow structure.

The power generation assembly further includes a fluid guide 46, the fluid guide 46 being disposed between two adjacent rotor blades 42.

In this embodiment, the turning vane 42 may be a turbofan vane of lightweight material and the fluid directing means 46 may be a guide vane.

The water outlet direction of the first water outlet pipe 61 is tangential to the outer circumference of the rotating sleeve. The injection direction of the coolant water and the circular motion of the rotating sleeve form a tangential direction, so that the rotating sleeve can be driven to rotate by using the injection power of the coolant water.

The power generation assembly further comprises a sliding wheel 45, the first heat exchanger 5 of the shaft of the sliding wheel 45 is connected, and the sliding wheel 45 is placed on the heat insulation cylinder 1 so as to enable one end of the rotating shaft 41 to be suspended above the heat insulation cylinder 1.

In this embodiment, the heat insulation cylinder 1 includes a cylinder 11 and a chute structure 12, the chute structure 12 is disposed at the top end of the cylinder 11, and the heat transfer hole 13 is disposed at the bottom end of the cylinder 11. The shaft of the sliding wheel 45 is connected with the first heat exchanger 5, and the sliding wheel is placed on the chute structure 12.

Preferably, the number of the sliding wheels 45 is plural, and plural sliding wheels 45 are disposed around the first heat exchanger 5.

According to the invention, the latent heat of the water vapor is fed back to the system for recycling, so that the biogas yield is improved, and the generated energy is further improved; meanwhile, the diameter of the turbofan is increased to improve the power generation efficiency, the back pressure is reduced by adopting a condensation vapor mode, the compression ratio is correspondingly improved, the most critical is that the high-efficiency heat pump technology is adopted to circularly utilize the latent heat of the vapor, part of the latent heat of the vapor is used for improving the fermentation temperature of excrement, the other part of the latent heat of the vapor is used as circulating heat to raise the air temperature of combustion-supporting methane, the total heat of power generation is increased, the combustion heat value of methane only accounts for about 65% of the total power generation heat, the dissipated heat energy is basically discharged by using hot air with the temperature slightly higher than the ambient temperature, or a small amount of vapor is not condensed and enters the atmosphere together with the hot air, the heat energy dissipated by the heat insulation enclosure is very little, the most excellent is that more than 98% of the waste vapor is recycled, the high waste vapor latent heat is not completely utilized in various types of thermal power generation technologies at present, the thermal power generation and nuclear power cannot be realized, the thermal power generation and the nuclear power cannot be realized by adopting the heat pump mode, the utilization of hot air with the temperature of 80-120 ℃ is only about 65%, the waste heat of the combustion-supporting air can be realized by using the waste heat of the combustion-supporting air, and the thermal power generation boiler can not realize the heat transfer of the waste heat to the temperature of the flue gas to about 100 ℃ by using the heat pump, and the thermal energy can not be applied to the process of 100 ℃ when the waste heat is calculated to the temperature is more lost; even if the closed gas turbine generator encounters the problem of recycling the latent heat of the dead steam, the recycling rate of the closed gas turbine generator is difficult to exceed 30%, part of the latent heat of the dead steam is dissipated into the air in an air cooling mode, the working medium is condensed into a liquid state, and the normal working cycle can be continued. Only half-open circulation can be realized, and both full-closed circulation and full-open circulation cannot realize the recycling of the dead steam latent heat so high. The exhaust steam refers to steam after work is performed. The steam for thermal power generation and nuclear power work is in closed circulation, the working hot air flow of the gas turbine generator is in open circulation, although the exhaust temperature is higher than 400 ℃, the hot air flow which discharges the high temperature is only sensible heat, and the heat quantity of the hot air flow is much less than that of the latent heat of water vapor, so that the efficiency of the hot air flow can still reach more than 60%, and compared with the efficiency of thermal power generation, the efficiency of the hot air flow is much less, and the research significance of concentrating on the cyclic utilization of the latent heat of the water vapor is very great. Of course, the transfer of the latent heat of the steam to the high temperature requires the consumption of part of electric energy, but we know that the high temperature is released in the mode of the latent heat of the steam (the heat source is the latent heat of the dead steam), the energy efficiency ratio is more than 8 times, that is, only one part of energy is consumed, more than eight times of heat power is obtained, the effect is obviously multiplication effect, if the comprehensive efficiency of the heat pump still exceeds 60% by counting the consumed power of the heat pump, the total heat work efficiency is not very high, the problem is that more than 50% of the total heat energy is circulating heat, the continuously injected heat is less than 50%, if the total heat energy is W, the produced electric energy is H, that is, the energy efficiency is calculated to be 30% = H/W, H=0.3W, if the power generation efficiency is calculated according to the continuously injected heat energy, H/0.5 W=0.3W/0.5 W=60%, the maximum power generation efficiency is reduced to 55% by rejecting the electric energy consumption of the heat pump set 8, and the current power generation cost is greatly reduced. Compared with a turbofan engine with a large bypass and energy-saving advantages, the turbofan engine has the advantages that although the compression ratio of the turbofan engine is far higher than that of the turbofan engine, the bypass ratio of the turbofan engine is far higher than that of the turbofan engine, so that the energy consumption of the turbofan engine is far lower than that of the turboengine, the large bypass is more than the forced area of the turbofan engine, the energy is saved, the bypass ratio of the turbofan engine is larger, the diameter of the turbofan engine can be more than one hundred meters, the diameter of the aviation turbofan engine is more than two meters, the temperature of the turbofan engine is far lower than that of the turboengine, the combustion temperature of the turbofan engine can be more than 1200 ℃, and the maximum bright point of the turbofan engine is that the turbofan engine can recycle dead steam latent heat although the compression ratio is far lower. Compared with the solar energy hot air chimney power generation technology, the cost is much lower by increasing the height of the chimney, the effect is also much more remarkable, the higher the chimney is, the higher the cost is, and the hot air resistance is also larger.

In a word, various existing power generation modes utilizing thermal expansion adopt a single working medium to expand and do work to generate power.

The invention adopts mixed working medium thermal expansion to do work and pushes the turbine turbofan to rotate to generate power, wherein the sensible heat of non-condensable gas does work and the condensable water vapor expands to do work, thus forming semi-open cycle and greatly improving the operation safety. The turbine turbofan is adopted as a stress surface of hot gas and water vapor, but is different from the horizontal layout of the existing gas turbine engine, the rotating shaft of the existing gas turbine engine is in a horizontal direction, the shaft connecting the turbine turbofan is vertical to the ground, and the exhaust direction of the turbine turbofan is toward the sky like the solar hot gas chimney power generation technology, so that the effect of hot gas lift force is favorably exerted. The more obvious difference is that the working medium adopts a mixed working medium, and the mixed working medium comprises: the burnt flue gas, hot air and steam, especially steam working medium is a circulating working medium, the circulating working medium is different from the existing steam circulation in thermal power generation and nuclear power by adopting a totally enclosed circulation, the invention adopts an open circulation, and the greatest advantage of the open circulation is that the dead steam latent heat can be basically recycled, and the dead steam latent heat can be used as a part of acting total heat to play the most basic bottom heat energy function. The existing thermal power generation and nuclear power can discard most of the latent heat of exhaust steam in the surrounding environment to cause thermal pollution, and cause certain adverse effects on the surrounding ecology, the existing thermal power generation cannot perfectly utilize the waste heat of flue gas so as not to cause other effects, and the waste heat of air discharged to the sky is only about 2 ℃ higher than the ambient temperature, unlike the existing gas turbine engine which has the efficiency of more than 60 percent and the temperature of hot gas discharged to be more than 400 ℃. Because the present invention employs a heat pump to recover the latent heat of the steam and a part of the sensible heat of the hot gas in the recovery process of the latent heat of the dead steam, and to transfer the latent heat and a small part of the sensible heat to a high temperature. The reason why the temperature of the discharged hot gas is not reduced to be lower than the ambient temperature is determined by two factors, namely, considering that the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump is maximized as much as possible, the heat pump is enough to recover more than 98% of water vapor energy, and if more sensible heat of the hot gas is absorbed, more electricity consumption is required, and obviously, the heat pump is not repaid; the second consideration is to solve the problem of air pressure balance, because the power generation device is open to the atmosphere, and the final back pressure is based on the atmospheric pressure, the temperature of the exhaust gas is considered to be the best as far as possible and close to the atmospheric environment temperature, and the problem of maximizing the compression ratio is also facilitated, and although the better the outlet temperature is compared with the temperature difference of hot gas at the turbofan turbine, the maximized compression ratio is also caused, but the consideration of the ambient air backflow tends to do a lot of idle work and cannot increase the compression ratio, so the reference of the outlet air pressure is important. The vertical gas turbine generator is also not suitable because the temperature of the turbofan turbine of the gas turbine engine is very high, but the temperature of hot gas discharged by the vertical gas turbine generator is also very high, and although the high-temperature hot gas can be comprehensively utilized, the utilization rate is not very high, and a lot of investment cost is increased, so that the method is not cost-effective; the invention is not so, although the temperature of the turbine turbofan is not very high, the temperature of the exhaust gas is very close to the ambient temperature, and the difference of the temperature difference is not very large, and the invention can recycle the exhaust steam latent heat, thus the invention has the advantage of energy conservation.

The invention has the advantages that the initial temperature is not as high as that of the gas turbine engine, the compression ratio is small, but the radial dimension of the invention is incomparable with that of the existing gas turbine generator, and the invention also adds the assistance of hot gas expansion lift force. The method has the more remarkable advantages that the latent heat of the water vapor is recycled, the recycled heat is about 50% of the whole working heat, the working efficiency according to the total heat is about 30%, but the efficiency calculated according to the heat energy actually continuously injected into the system is more than 60%.

The efficiency of the existing gas turbine engine is almost the same as that of the existing gas turbine engine, and the problem is that the existing gas turbine engine cannot generate electricity on a large scale in a single unit, cannot generate electricity by adopting solid fuel, and cannot generate electricity by using garbage.

Compared with the existing thermal power generation technology and the existing nuclear power technology, the large-scale power generation can be realized, but the thermal power generation is also good, and the nuclear power reactor is also strike, so that the primary investment cost is very high.

Compared with the invention, the power generation efficiency is much inferior, heat pollution is generated, and the problem of explosion of the ultra-high pressure boiler is worried about, because the latent heat of the dead steam is recycled, the condensate of the dead steam is reused, the high-rise large cooling tower is not hidden, the large condenser iron pimple is not needed to be arranged, the primary investment cost is reduced, the miniaturization is also suitable for the treatment of livestock manure by small and medium-scale farmers, great economic benefit is brought when the livestock manure is treated, and the problem of the surrounding environment polluted by the livestock manure is effectively eradicated.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, but rather utilizing equivalent structural changes made in the present invention description and drawings or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A livestock waste comprehensive utilization power generation device, comprising: a heat insulation cylinder; the heat source comprises a combustion device and a methane tank, the combustion device is arranged in the heat insulation cylinder, and the methane tank is used for providing methane for the combustion device; the steam device is suspended in the heat insulation cylinder and is arranged towards the combustion device, the steam device comprises a steam pool and a heat conduction pipe, the heat conduction pipe is communicated with the steam pool, and biogas slurry and biogas residues are stored in the steam pool; the power generation assembly is suspended above the heat insulation cylinder; the first heat exchanger is connected with the power generation assembly; the heat pump unit comprises a first diversion mechanism, a heat pump unit and a heat transfer device; the combustion device is used for heating the fluid in the heat insulation cylinder so as to realize that the heated fluid flows to the power generation assembly and drives the power generation assembly to generate power; the first heat exchanger is stored with a working medium which is used for absorbing heat in fluid rushing to the power generation assembly; the first flow guiding mechanism is used for sending the working medium back to the first heat exchanger after sending the working medium to the heat pump unit; the heat pump unit is used for absorbing heat in the working medium, the heat transfer device is used for transferring the heat absorbed by the heat pump unit into the heat insulation cylinder, the first diversion mechanism comprises a first diversion groove structure, a first water outlet pipe and a first pump body, the first diversion groove structure is arranged at the top end of the heat insulation cylinder, and the first water outlet pipe is communicated with the first diversion groove structure and the first heat exchanger; the working medium flows into the first water outlet pipe and the first diversion trench structure from the first heat exchanger in sequence, the first pump body is used for sending the working medium in the first diversion trench structure back to the first heat exchanger after being sent into the heat pump unit, the livestock excrement comprehensive utilization power generation device further comprises a second diversion mechanism, the second diversion mechanism comprises a second diversion trench structure, a second water receiving disc and a second water outlet pipe, the second diversion trench structure is arranged on the heat insulation barrel, the water receiving disc faces the first heat exchanger, and the second water receiving disc, the second water outlet pipe, the second diversion trench structure, the farm and the biogas pool are communicated in sequence;

The power generation assembly comprises a rotating shaft, power generation equipment and a plurality of rotating blades, one end of the rotating shaft is suspended above the heat insulation cylinder, the first heat exchanger is connected with one end of the rotating shaft, the other end of the rotating shaft extends to the combustion device, a plurality of groups of rotating blades are sequentially arranged at intervals at the other end of the rotating shaft, the rotating blades face the combustion device, and the other end of the rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the power generation equipment; the combustion device is used for heating the fluid in the heat insulation cylinder so as to realize that the heated fluid is rushed to the rotating blades and drives the rotating blades to rotate.

2. The livestock excrement comprehensive utilization power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer device comprises a second heat exchanger, a second pump body and a fan, wherein a heat transfer hole is formed in the heat insulation cylinder, the second heat exchanger is arranged towards the heat transfer hole, and the fan is arranged on one side, away from the heat transfer hole, of the second heat exchanger; the second heat exchanger is internally provided with a heat conducting medium, and the second pump body is used for sending the heat conducting medium back to the second heat exchanger after sending the heat conducting medium to the condenser of the heat pump unit.

3. The livestock waste comprehensive utilization power generation device according to claim 2, wherein the second pump body is further used for sending the liquid in the biogas digester back to the biogas condenser of the heat pump unit.

4. The livestock excrement comprehensive utilization power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft comprises a hollow shaft and a power generation shaft which are connected with each other, the power generation shaft is in transmission connection with the power generation equipment, the hollow shaft is of a hollow structure, and the hollow shaft is communicated with the first heat exchanger; the first pump body is used for sending the working medium in the first diversion trench structure to the evaporator of the heat pump unit and then sending the working medium back to the first heat exchanger through the hollow structure.

5. The livestock waste comprehensive utilization power generation device of claim 1, wherein said power generation assembly further comprises a fluid guiding means disposed between two adjacent said rotor blades.

6. The livestock waste comprehensive utilization power generation device of claim 1, wherein the water outlet direction of the first water outlet pipe is tangential to the outer circumference of the cylinder body of the heat insulation cylinder.

7. The livestock waste comprehensive utilization power generation device of claim 1, wherein the power generation assembly further comprises a sliding wheel, a shaft of the sliding wheel is connected with the first heat exchanger, and the sliding wheel is placed on the heat insulation cylinder so as to enable one end of the rotating shaft to be suspended above the heat insulation cylinder.