CN104232401B - A kind of making method of distiller's yeast and distiller's yeast - Google Patents
A kind of making method of distiller's yeast and distiller's yeast Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of making method and distiller's yeast of distiller's yeast.A making method for distiller's yeast, the raw material of employing, by weight, barley 3 parts, wheat 4 parts, soybean 1.5 parts, pea 1.5 parts; The kind adopted is bent, according to the weight percent with raw material, and the bent box kind bent 1 ‰ of aspergillus oryzae, the bent box kind bent 1 ‰ of flavus, the bent box kind bent 1 ‰ of aspergillus niger; The bent box kind of raw material access aspergillus oryzae that barley, wheat, soybean and pea are formed is bent, flavus bent box kind is bent, the bent box kind of aspergillus niger is bent, and after mixing, enter to ventilate Quchi, regulates temperature at 30-35 DEG C, static gas wave refrigerator 6-8 hour; Song carries out first time and turns over song, keep normal temps 30-35 DEG C after expecting that pond was cultivated through 12 hours; Continue to cultivate after 4-6 hour, carry out second time in time and turn over song; Incubation time is to 24-28 hour; Drying.Described a kind of distiller's yeast, adopts above-mentioned making method to prepare.In the present invention, distiller's yeast has stable quality, avoids the defect that prior art raw material koji exists, and shortens fabrication cycle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of making method and distiller's yeast of distiller's yeast.
Background technology
Daqu is the main saccharifying ferment of traditional liquor, yellow rice wine, vinegar brewing technique, it with pure wheat or the barley coordinated by a certain percentage, pea etc. for raw material, brick-shaped curved billet is pressed into through crushing and water-adding, be positioned in deep closet the various wild mushrooms relying on nature to bring into naturally to cultivate on raw material, obtain the various microorganism being of value to fermentation, culture cycle 21 days, then through air-dry Daqu; The Daqu made, through the storage of 3-6 month, is called Chen Qu.
Daqu participates in fermentation by natural multiple-microorganism, defines the multiple enzyme system that saccharifying amylase is main body.Because raw material when Daqu makes is raw material kojis, ripe song various enzyme system is impure and enzyme activity is not high.Starch mass-energy in the raw material such as wheat (starch content 66-72%, protein content 10-13%), barley (starch content 63-70%, protein content 10%), pea (starch content 57%, protein content 24.6%) that koji is used is utilized by microorganism, and protein is not by high-temperature denatured, the sense organ residuing in during the fermentation in product and affect its product cannot be utilized in yeast making process.
Daqu participates in fermentation by natural wild microorganism, thus also form the microorganism being much unfavorable for fermenting, and this also often there will be the bent bad phenomenon in a Qu Haoyi room, room, and the koji time is long, defines the phenomenons such as difficult quality control.
Summary of the invention
In order to make distiller's yeast have stable quality, avoid the defect that prior art raw material koji exists, shorten fabrication cycle, the present invention proposes a kind of making method and distiller's yeast of distiller's yeast.
For this reason, the present invention by the following technical solutions.
A making method for distiller's yeast, the raw material of employing, by weight, barley 3 parts, wheat 4 parts, soybean 1.5 parts, pea 1.5 parts; The kind adopted is bent, according to the weight percent with raw material, and the bent box kind bent 1 ‰ of aspergillus oryzae, the bent box kind bent 1 ‰ of flavus, the bent box kind bent 1 ‰ of aspergillus niger; Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) Feedstock treating: by barley, wheat crushing, the standard of 3-5 grain is ground into according to each, soybean, pea are pulverized as 40-60 order, then, soybean, pea are put into 75-90 DEG C of hot water respectively and soaks 1-2 hour, barley, wheat add material moistening 1-2 hour in the tap water of mass percent 40% respectively, mix with the soybean moistened, Peas powder again, steaming 10-15 minute in the material steaming tank of 0.2-0.3MPa pressure, discharging is cooled to 40 DEG C, and namely accessible kind of song enters in the ventilation koji bed of sterilisable chamber to cultivate for becoming bent;
(2) cultivation of bent box kind song:
(2.1) cultivation of aspergillus oryzae (As3.800):
(2.1.1) slant tube spawn culture (one-level kind)
Substratum with the bent juice of 8-9 degree Beaume rice or wort 100 milliliters, can add 2.5 grams of agar, makes solid test tube slant substratum by well-established law; After aseptically accessing original seed, cultivate in 28-30 DEG C of constant incubator 72-80 hour; It is for subsequent use that cultured slant tube is positioned over preservation in refrigerator, and refrigerator temperature controls at 4-6 DEG C;
(2.1.2) triangular flask enlarged culturing (secondary kind)
Get fresh wheat bran and add water 85% by quality, after turning, make water suction even, then load in 500 milliliters of triangular flasks, every bottle of bent material thickness about 1 centimetre, be stoppered tampon, bottleneck kraft paper is wrapped up, with 0.15-0.2MPa pressure sterilization 30-40 minute in high-pressure sterilizing pot, take out cooling, aseptically access slant tube bacterial classification, a slant tube accesses in 20 bottles of triangular flasks, then put in 28-30 DEG C of constant incubator, through 34 hours, after molding, detain bottle, continue to cultivate 72-80 hour; In the cultured Triangle-botde koji short period of time need not, put into 4 DEG C of refrigerators and deposit for subsequent use, the time is no more than one week;
(2.1.3) bent box kind song cultivates (three grades of kinds)
Take 100 kilograms, fresh wheat bran, add water 85%, turn evenly and sieve, bent material is loosened without agglomerate, and normal pressure steaming in steaming stock pot, after all justifying vapour, then steams 40-60 minute, and taking out spreading for cooling in sterilisable chamber, to 35 DEG C, becomes bent material; I.e. accessible triangular flask kind, inoculum size is 0.3% of fresh wheat bran quality; Method be first by the sort of quyi and a small amount of bent expect to mix after, then spread on song material, after turning through 2-3 time, be contained in temperature in the bamboo basket of 30-32 DEG C, then cover with sterilized gunnysack, the deep closet placing 28-30 DEG C is interior through accumulation in 7-8 hour, temperature rises to 35-37 DEG C, aspergillus oryzae spore germinates, has bent perfume (or spice) namely to turn, and makes bent material up and down even, then bent conjunction is loaded, bent material thickness 1.5-2 centimetre, the shelf then on song material covers the wet cotton gauze through sterilizing, to ensure the humidity of bent material; Room temp should control at 28-30 DEG C, and after 10 hours, mycelia starts amount reproduction, and temperature rises to 34-35 DEG C, and bent material molding, can turn over song; Method be with bamboo chip carefully by the Qu Jinhang turn-over of molding, turn over song and will change dry cotton gauze, cover wet cotton gauze, to ensure humidity, temperature at 30-36 DEG C, promote mycelial growth spore, altogether through 72-96 hour, the yellow spore of bent material is all aging, can dry song or shine bent; Dry deep closet temperature and bring up to 40-45 DEG C, sort of quyi moisture, below 12%, bandages with plastics bag, puts dry indoor and saves backup;
(2.2) cultivation of Aspergillus flavus (AS3.951)
(2.2.1) slant tube spawn culture (one-level kind)
Manufacturing of substratum, get 1000 milliliters, the soya bean juice of 5-6 degree Beaume, 0.6 gram, magnesium sulfate, Zulkovsky starch 20 grams, potassium primary phosphate 1 gram, 0.5 gram, ammonium sulfate, 20 grams, agar, load after dissolving in test tube, tampon beyond the Great Wall, bottleneck outsourcing kraft paper, put into pressure kettle sterilizing 30-40 minute under 0.15-0.2MPa vapor pressure, take out and be put into slant tube while hot, Deng test tube slant cooling after move on in constant incubator, ensure temperature 36-37 DEG C, constant temperature culture 72-80 hour, to measure slant tube substratum whether aseptic inoculation, slant tube good for sterilizing is aseptically accessed Aspergillus flavus test tube original seed, an original seed switching slant tube 20, the test tube connecting original seed is positioned in the thermostat container of 28-30 DEG C and cultivates 72-80 hour, now the slant tube bacterial classification grown should be put in preservation in 4 DEG C of refrigerators for subsequent use,
(2.2.2) the triangular flask sort of quyi cultivates (secondary kind)
Get fresh wheat bran and add water 85%, after turning, make water suction even, then load in 500 milliliters of triangular flasks, every bottle of thickness is 1-1.5 centimetre, is stoppered tampon, and bottleneck external application kraft paper is wrapped up, with 0.15-0.2MPa pressure sterilization 30-40 minute in high-pressure sterilizing pot, take out cooling, aseptically access slant tube bacterial classification, a slant tube accesses in 20 bottles of triangular flasks, then put in 28-30 DEG C of constant incubator, through 34 hours, after molding, detain bottle, continue to cultivate 72-80 hour; In the cultured Triangle-botde koji short period of time need not, put into 4 DEG C of refrigerators and deposit for subsequent use, depositing can not more than one week;
(2.2.3) bent box kind song cultivates (three grades of kinds)
Take 100 kilograms, fresh wheat bran, add water 80%, turn evenly and sieve, make bent material loose without agglomerate, normal pressure steaming in steaming stock pot, after all justifying vapour, then steams 40-60 minute, in sterilisable chamber, spreading for cooling is to 35 DEG C in taking-up, and namely can be accessed by triangular flask kind, inoculum size is 0.3% of fresh wheat bran quality; Method be first by the sort of quyi and a small amount of bent expect to mix after, then spread on song material, after turning through 2-3 time, be contained in bamboo basket, temperature at 30-32 DEG C, then covers with sterilized gunnysack, the deep closet placing 28-30 DEG C is interior through accumulation in 7-8 hour, and temperature is raised to 35-37 DEG C, and aspergillus oryzae spore germinates, bent perfume (or spice) is had namely to turn, bent material is up and down made evenly, then to load bent conjunction, bent material thickness 1.5-2 centimetre, then the shelf on song material covers the wet cotton gauze through sterilizing, to ensure the humidity of bent material; Temperature temperature is at 28-30 DEG C, and after 10 hours, mycelia starts amount reproduction, and temperature rises to 34-35 DEG C, and song expects molding, can turn over song; Method be with bamboo chip carefully by the Qu Jinhang turn-over of molding, turn over song and will change dry cotton gauze, cover wet cotton gauze, to ensure humidity, temperature, at 30-36 DEG C, promotes mycelial growth spore, altogether through 72-96 hour, the yellow-green colour spore of bent material is all aging, can dry song or shine bent; Dry deep closet temperature and bring up to 40-45 DEG C, sort of quyi moisture, below 12%, bandages with plastics bag, puts dry indoor and saves backup, more than 3 months quality guaranteed period;
(2.3) cultivation of black-koji mould (AS3.324)
(2.3.1) slant tube spawn culture (one-level kind)
Adopt czapek's solution: 3 grams, ammonium nitrate, 0.5 gram, Repone K, 0.01 gram, ferrous sulfate, potassium primary phosphate 1 gram, 0.5 gram, magnesium sulfate, sucrose 20 grams, 20 grams, agar, distilled water 1000 milliliters, to load in test tube tampon beyond the Great Wall, outsourcing kraft paper after dissolving, put into pressure kettle in vapour pressure with 0.15-0.2MPa sterilized under pressure 30-40 minute, whether take out and be put into inclined-plane while hot, cooling is placed in 35-37 DEG C of constant incubator and cultivates 72 hours, thorough to measure inclined-plane examination medium sterilization; Inoculation, slant tube good for sterilizing is aseptically accessed test tube original seed, a test tube original seed transfers 20, and slant tube inoculate is put into 28-30 DEG C of constant incubator and cultivated 72-80 hour, and it is for subsequent use that 4 DEG C of refrigerator and cooled Tibetan put into by the test tube of maturation;
(2.3.2) Triangle-botde koji cultivates (secondary kind)
Get fresh wheat bran (thickness is moderate) and add water 80%, make water suction even after turning, then load in 500 milliliters of triangular flasks, every bottle of bent material thickness is 1-1.5 centimetre, be stoppered tampon, wrap up with kraft paper, with 0.15-0.2MPa pressure sterilization 30-40 minute in high-pressure sterilizing pot, take out cooling, aseptically access slant tube bacterial classification, a slant tube accesses in 20 bottles of triangular flasks, then put in 28-30 DEG C of constant incubator, through 34 hours, after molding, detain bottle, continue to cultivate 72-80 hour; In the cultured Triangle-botde koji short period of time need not, put into 4 DEG C of refrigerators and deposit, the shelf-time can not be for subsequent use more than one week;
(2.3.3) bent box kind song cultivates (three grades of kinds)
Take 100 kilograms, fresh wheat bran, add water 85%, turn evenly and sieve, make bent material loose without agglomerate, normal pressure steaming in steaming stock pot, after all justifying vapour, steam 40-60 minute again, take out in sterilisable chamber spreading for cooling to 35 DEG C, i.e. accessible triangular flask kind, inoculum size 10 Triangle-botde koji, method be first by the sort of quyi and a small amount of bent expect to mix after, spread on song material again, after turning through 2-3 time, be contained in bamboo basket, temperature is at 30-32 DEG C, cover with sterilized gunnysack again, the deep closet placing 28-30 DEG C is interior through accumulation in 7-8 hour, temperature has been raised to 35 DEG C, aspergillus oryzae spore germinates, bent perfume (or spice) is had namely to turn, make bent material up and down even, then bent conjunction is loaded, bent material thickness 1.5-2 centimetres, then the shelf on song material covers the wet cotton gauze through sterilizing, to ensure the humidity of bent material, temperature is at 28-30 DEG C, and after 10 hours, mycelia starts amount reproduction, and temperature is rising 34-35 DEG C, and song expects molding, can turn over song, method be with bamboo chip carefully by the Qu Jinhang turn-over of molding, turn over song and will change dry cotton gauze, cover wet cotton gauze, to ensure humidity, temperature, at 30-36 DEG C, promotes mycelial growth spore, altogether through 72-96 hour, the black spore of bent material is all aging, can dry song or shine bent, dry deep closet temperature and bring up to 40-45 DEG C, sort of quyi moisture, below 12%, bandages with plastics bag, puts dry indoor and saves backup, more than 3 months quality guaranteed period,
(3) aerated koji making is cultivated (producing with kind of a song)
The bent box kind of raw material access aspergillus oryzae that barley, wheat, soybean and pea are formed is bent, flavus bent box kind is bent, the bent box kind of aspergillus niger is bent, and after mixing, enter to ventilate Quchi, regulates temperature at 30-35 DEG C, impel bacterial classification spore-germination, static gas wave refrigerator 6-8 hour; Now the bed of material begins to warm to 35-37 DEG C, and namely should start blower ventilation cooling, control temperature is between 30-35 DEG C; Enter pond after cultivation in 12 hours, carry out first time and turn over song, make bent material loose, reduce ventilation resistance, maintenance normal temps 30-35 DEG C; Continue to cultivate after 4-6 hour, carry out second time in time and turn over song; Incubation time is to 24-28 hour;
(4) become bent to dry
Cultured Cheng Qu between 40-45 DEG C, through drying bed 24-36 hour.
A kind of distiller's yeast, adopts above-mentioned making method to prepare.
Beneficial effect: the source distiller's yeast of song is for raw material with barley, wheat, soybean, pea, add tap water after crushed after high temperature steaming, drop to normal temperature to add in aseptic deep closet and carry out enrichment with microbial strainss such as the aspergillus oryzae of pure culture, Aspergillus flavus, black-koji moulds, enlarged culturing forms, ripe Cheng Qu is through air-dry again after incubation time 28-32 hour, fermentation composition contained by it meets or exceeds composition and effect of traditional Daqu completely; This song is to add the multiple major microorganisms bacterial classification of zythepsary, except being rich in saccharifying amylase, also creating a large amount of neutrality, aspartic protease, in brewing process, the breaks down proteins in raw material is become amino acids, for saccharomycetic growth provides nitrogenous source nutrition, also the mouthfeel of product has been enriched while improving liquor output rate, shorten the incubation time of koji simultaneously, well can also be controlled to bent quality; The advantage that the present invention has can be summarized as:
(1) the raw material yeast-making technology of distiller's yeast (Daqu) changes grog yeast-making technology into, shortens to 28-36 hour by 23 days traditional production cycles;
(2) utilize the multi-cultur es of pure culture to work in coordination with koji, produce the raising greatly of multiple enzyme system particularly proteinase activity;
(3) saccharifying enzymic activity u/g >=500; Neutral, acid protease activity u/g >=200.
Embodiment
A making method for distiller's yeast, the raw material of employing, by weight, barley 300kg, wheat 400kg, soybean 150kg, pea 150kg; The kind adopted is bent, according to the weight percent with raw material, and the bent box kind bent 1 ‰ of aspergillus oryzae, the bent box kind bent 1 ‰ of flavus, the bent box kind bent 1 ‰ of aspergillus niger.Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) Feedstock treating: by barley, wheat crushing, the standard of 3-5 grain is ground into according to each, reduce powder (because wheat viscosity is large) as far as possible, it is 40 orders that soybean, pea are pulverized, then, soybean, pea are put into 75-90 DEG C of hot water respectively soak 1 hour, barley, wheat to add in the tap water of mass percent 40% material moistening 1 hour respectively, mix with the soybean moistened, Peas powder again, steaming 10 minutes in the material steaming tank of 0.2MPa pressure, discharging is cooled to 40 DEG C, and namely accessible kind of song enters in the ventilation koji bed of sterilisable chamber to cultivate for becoming bent;
(2) cultivation of bent box kind song:
(2.1) cultivation of aspergillus oryzae (As3.800):
(2.1.1) slant tube spawn culture (one-level kind)
Substratum with bent 100 milliliters, the juice of 8-9 ° of B é rice, can add 2.5 grams of agar, makes solid test tube slant substratum by well-established law; After aseptically accessing original seed, cultivate 72 hours in 28 DEG C of constant incubators; It is for subsequent use that cultured slant tube is positioned over preservation in refrigerator, and refrigerator temperature controls at 4 DEG C;
(2.1.2) triangular flask enlarged culturing (secondary kind)
Get fresh wheat bran and add water 85% by quality, after turning, make water suction even, then load in 500 milliliters of triangular flasks, every bottle of bent material thickness 1 centimetre, be stoppered tampon, bottleneck kraft paper is wrapped up, with 0.15MPa pressure sterilization 30 minutes in high-pressure sterilizing pot, take out cooling, aseptically access slant tube bacterial classification, a slant tube accesses in 20 bottles of triangular flasks, then put in 28 DEG C of constant incubators, through 34 hours, after molding, detain bottle, to continue cultivation 72 hours; In the cultured Triangle-botde koji short period of time need not, can put into 4 DEG C of refrigerators and deposit for subsequent use, the time is no more than one week;
(2.1.3) bent box kind song cultivates (three grades of kinds)
Take 100 kilograms, fresh wheat bran, add water 85%, turn evenly and sieve, bent material is loosened without agglomerate, and normal pressure steaming in steaming stock pot, after all justifying vapour, then steams 40 minutes, and taking out spreading for cooling in sterilisable chamber, to 35 DEG C, becomes bent material; I.e. accessible triangular flask kind, inoculum size is 0.3% of fresh wheat bran quality; Method be first by the sort of quyi and a small amount of bent expect to mix after, spread on song material again, after turning through 2-3 time, be contained in bamboo basket (temperature is at 30-32 DEG C), cover with sterilized gunnysack again, the deep closet placing 28-30 DEG C is interior through accumulation in 7-8 hour, temperature rises to 37 DEG C, aspergillus oryzae spore germinates, has bent perfume (or spice) namely to turn, and makes bent material up and down even, then bent conjunction is loaded, bent material thickness 1.5 centimetres, the shelf then on song material covers the wet cotton gauze through sterilizing, to ensure the humidity of bent material; Room temp should control at 28 DEG C, and after 10 hours, mycelia starts amount reproduction, and temperature rises to 35 DEG C, and bent material molding, can turn over song; Method be with bamboo chip carefully by the Qu Jinhang turn-over of molding, turn over song and will change dry cotton gauze, cover wet cotton gauze, to ensure humidity, temperature at 32 DEG C, promote mycelial growth spore, altogether through 72 hours, the yellow spore of bent material is all aging, can dry song or shine bent; Dry deep closet temperature and can bring up to 40 DEG C, sort of quyi moisture, below 12%, bandages with plastics bag, puts dry indoor and saves backup;
(2.2) cultivation of Aspergillus flavus (AS3.951)
(2.2.1) slant tube spawn culture (one-level kind)
Manufacturing of substratum, get 1000 milliliters, the soya bean juice of 5-6 ° of B é, 0.6 gram, magnesium sulfate, Zulkovsky starch 20 grams, potassium primary phosphate 1 gram, 0.5 gram, ammonium sulfate, 20 grams, agar, load after dissolving in test tube, tampon beyond the Great Wall, bottleneck outsourcing kraft paper, put into pressure kettle sterilizing 30 minutes under 0.15MPa vapor pressure, take out and be put into slant tube while hot, Deng test tube slant cooling after move on in constant incubator, ensure temperature 36-37 DEG C, constant temperature culture 72 hours, to measure slant tube substratum whether aseptic inoculation, slant tube good for sterilizing is aseptically accessed Aspergillus flavus test tube original seed, an original seed switching slant tube 20, the test tube connecting original seed is positioned in the thermostat container of 28-30 DEG C and cultivates 72 hours, now the slant tube bacterial classification grown should be put in preservation in 4 DEG C of refrigerators for subsequent use,
(2.2.2) the triangular flask sort of quyi cultivates (secondary kind)
Get fresh wheat bran and add water 85%, after turning, make water suction even, then load in 500 milliliters of triangular flasks, every bottle of thickness is 1 centimetre, is stoppered tampon, and bottleneck external application kraft paper is wrapped up, with 0.15MPa pressure sterilization 30 minutes in high-pressure sterilizing pot, take out cooling, aseptically access slant tube bacterial classification, a slant tube accesses in 20 bottles of triangular flasks, then put in 28 DEG C of constant incubators, through 34 hours, after molding, detain bottle, continue to cultivate 72-80 hour; Need not put into 4 DEG C of refrigerators in the cultured Triangle-botde koji short period of time deposits for subsequent use, and depositing can not more than one week;
(2.2.3) bent box kind song cultivates (three grades of kinds)
Take 100 kilograms, fresh wheat bran, add water 80%, turn evenly and sieve, make bent material loose without agglomerate, normal pressure steaming in steaming stock pot, after all justifying vapour, then steams 40 minutes, in sterilisable chamber, spreading for cooling is to 35 DEG C in taking-up, and namely can be accessed by triangular flask kind, inoculum size is 0.3% of fresh wheat bran quality; Method be first by the sort of quyi and a small amount of bent expect to mix after, then spread on song material, after turning through 2-3 time, be contained in bamboo basket, temperature at 30-32 DEG C, then covers with sterilized gunnysack, the deep closet placing 28-30 DEG C is interior through accumulation in 7-8 hour, and temperature has been raised to 37 DEG C, and aspergillus oryzae spore germinates, bent perfume (or spice) is had namely to turn, bent material is up and down made evenly, then to load bent conjunction, bent material thickness 1.5 centimetres, then the shelf on song material covers the wet cotton gauze through sterilizing, to ensure the humidity of bent material; Temperature is at 28-30 DEG C, and after 10 hours, mycelia starts amount reproduction, and temperature rises to 35 DEG C, and song expects molding, can turn over song; Method be with bamboo chip carefully by the Qu Jinhang turn-over of molding, turn over song and will change dry cotton gauze, cover wet cotton gauze, to ensure humidity, temperature, at 32 DEG C, promotes mycelial growth spore, altogether through 72 hours, the yellow-green colour spore of bent material is all aging, can dry song or shine bent; Dry deep closet temperature and bring up to 40 DEG C, sort of quyi moisture, below 12%, bandages with plastics bag, puts dry indoor and saves backup, more than 3 months quality guaranteed period;
(2.3), the cultivation of black-koji mould (AS3.324)
(2.3.1) slant tube spawn culture (one-level kind)
Adopt czapek's solution: 3 grams, ammonium nitrate, 0.5 gram, Repone K, 0.01 gram, ferrous sulfate, potassium primary phosphate 1 gram, 0.5 gram, magnesium sulfate, sucrose 20 grams, 20 grams, agar, distilled water 1000 milliliters, to load in test tube tampon beyond the Great Wall, outsourcing kraft paper after dissolving, put into pressure kettle in vapour pressure with 0.15MPa sterilized under pressure 30 minutes, whether take out and be put into inclined-plane while hot, cooling is placed in 35-37 DEG C of constant incubator and cultivates 72 hours, thorough to measure inclined-plane examination medium sterilization; Inoculation, slant tube good for sterilizing is aseptically accessed test tube original seed, and a test tube original seed transfers 20, and slant tube inoculate is put into 28-30 DEG C of constant incubator and cultivated 72 hours, and it is for subsequent use that 4 DEG C of refrigerator and cooled Tibetan put into by the test tube of maturation;
(2.3.2) Triangle-botde koji cultivates (secondary kind)
Get fresh wheat bran (thickness is moderate) and add water 80%, make water suction even after turning, then load in 500 milliliters of triangular flasks, every bottle of bent material thickness is 1-1.5 centimetre, be stoppered tampon, wrap up with kraft paper, with 0.15-0.2MPa pressure sterilization 30-40 minute in high-pressure sterilizing pot, take out cooling, aseptically access slant tube bacterial classification, a slant tube accesses in 20 bottles of triangular flasks, then put in 28-30 DEG C of constant incubator, through 34 hours, after molding, detain bottle, continue to cultivate 72-80 hour; In the cultured Triangle-botde koji short period of time need not, can put into 4 DEG C of refrigerators and deposit, the shelf-time can not be for subsequent use more than one week;
(2.3.3) bent box kind song cultivates (three grades of kinds)
Take 100 kilograms, fresh wheat bran, add water 85%, turn evenly and sieve, make bent material loose without agglomerate, normal pressure steaming in steaming stock pot, after all justifying vapour, steam 40-60 minutes again, take out in sterilisable chamber spreading for cooling to 35 DEG C, i.e. accessible triangular flask kind, inoculum size 10 Triangle-botde koji, method be first by the sort of quyi and a small amount of bent expect to mix after, spread on song material again, after turning through 2-3 time, be contained in bamboo basket, temperature is at 30-32 DEG C, cover with sterilized gunnysack again, the deep closet placing 28-30 DEG C is interior through accumulation in 7-8 hour, temperature has been raised to 35 DEG C, aspergillus oryzae spore germinates, bent perfume (or spice) is had namely to turn, make bent material up and down even, then bent conjunction is loaded, bent material thickness 1.5-2 centimetres, then the shelf on song material covers the wet cotton gauze through sterilizing, to ensure the humidity of bent material, temperature is at 28-30 DEG C, and after 10 hours, mycelia starts amount reproduction, and temperature is rising 34-35 DEG C, and song expects molding, can turn over song, method be with bamboo chip carefully by the Qu Jinhang turn-over of molding, turn over song and will change dry cotton gauze, cover wet cotton gauze, to ensure humidity, temperature, at 30-36 DEG C, promotes mycelial growth spore, altogether through 72-96 hour, the black spore of bent material is all aging, can dry song or shine bent, dry deep closet temperature and bring up to 40-45 DEG C, sort of quyi moisture, below 12%, bandages with plastics bag, puts dry indoor and saves backup, more than 3 months quality guaranteed period,
(3) aerated koji making is cultivated (producing with kind of a song)
The bent box kind of raw material access aspergillus oryzae that barley, wheat, soybean and pea are formed is bent, flavus bent box kind is bent, the bent box kind of aspergillus niger is bent, and after mixing, enter to ventilate Quchi, regulates temperature at 30-35 DEG C, impel bacterial classification spore-germination, static gas wave refrigerator 6-8 hour; Now the bed of material begins to warm to 35-37 DEG C, and namely should start blower ventilation cooling, control temperature is between 30-35 DEG C;
Song carries out first time and turns over song after expecting that pond was cultivated through 12 hours, makes bent material loose, reduces ventilation resistance, keep normal temps 30-35 DEG C; Continue to cultivate after 4-6 hour, carry out second time in time and turn over song; Incubation time is to 24-28 hour;
(4) become bent to dry
Cultured Cheng Qu between 40-45 DEG C, through drying bed 24-36 hour.
The explanation of former bacterial classification and source:
Aspergillus oryzae (As3.800): main product saccharification type enzyme activity is brewing yellow rice wine saccharifying agent aspergillus tubigensis;
Yellow aspergillus (As3.951): mainly produce neutral protease vigor, saccharifying enzymic activity;
Aspergillus niger (As3.324): main product saccharification type enzyme activity, acid protease activity;
Bacterial classification derives from Beijing City Food Brewing Research Institute.
Selecting the barley of raw material, wheat, soybean, pea to be starter-making materials, is provide the nutrition parts such as good nitrogenous source, carbon source for growth, promotes that microorganism well grows the formation with biological enzyme vigor.
A unit symbol ° B é shown in above-mentioned refers to: Baume concentration.
Claims (2)
1. a making method for distiller's yeast, the raw material of employing, by weight, barley 3 parts, wheat 4 parts, soybean 1.5 parts, pea 1.5 parts; The kind adopted is bent, according to the weight percent with raw material, and the bent box kind bent 1 ‰ of aspergillus oryzae, the bent box kind bent 1 ‰ of flavus, the bent box kind bent 1 ‰ of aspergillus niger; Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) Feedstock treating: by barley, wheat crushing, the standard of 3-5 grain is ground into according to each, soybean, pea are pulverized as 40-60 order, then, soybean, pea are put into 75-90 DEG C of hot water respectively and soaks 1-2 hour, barley, wheat add material moistening 1-2 hour in the tap water of mass percent 40% respectively, mix with the soybean moistened, Peas powder again, steaming 10-15 minute in the material steaming tank of 0.2-0.3MPa pressure, discharging is cooled to 40 DEG C, and namely accessible kind of song enters in the ventilation koji bed of sterilisable chamber to cultivate for becoming bent;
(2) cultivation of bent box kind song:
(2.1) cultivation of aspergillus oryzae:
(2.1.1) slant tube spawn culture
The substratum bent juice of 8-9 degree Beaume rice or wort 100 milliliters, add 2.5 grams of agar, make solid test tube slant substratum by well-established law; After aseptically accessing original seed, cultivate in 28-30 DEG C of constant incubator 72-80 hour; It is for subsequent use that cultured slant tube is positioned over preservation in refrigerator, and refrigerator temperature controls at 4-6 DEG C;
(2.1.2) triangular flask enlarged culturing
Get fresh wheat bran and add water 85% by quality, after turning, make water suction even, then load in 500 milliliters of triangular flasks, every bottle of bent material thickness 1-1.5 centimetre, be stoppered tampon, bottleneck kraft paper is wrapped up, with 0.15-0.2MPa pressure sterilization 30-40 minute in high-pressure sterilizing pot, take out cooling, aseptically access slant tube bacterial classification, a slant tube accesses in 20 bottles of triangular flasks, then put in 28-30 DEG C of constant incubator, through 34 hours, after molding, detain bottle, continue to cultivate 72-80 hour; In the cultured Triangle-botde koji short period of time need not, put into 4 DEG C of refrigerators and deposit for subsequent use, the time is no more than one week;
(2.1.3) bent box kind song is cultivated
Take 100 kilograms, fresh wheat bran, add water 85%, turn evenly and sieve, bent material is loosened without agglomerate, and normal pressure steaming in steaming stock pot, after all justifying vapour, then steams 40-60 minute, and taking out spreading for cooling in sterilisable chamber, to 35 DEG C, becomes bent material; I.e. accessible triangular flask kind, inoculum size is 0.3% of fresh wheat bran quality; Method be first by the sort of quyi and a small amount of bent expect to mix after, then spread on song material, after turning through 2-3 time, be contained in temperature in the bamboo basket of 30-32 DEG C, then cover with sterilized gunnysack, the deep closet placing 28-30 DEG C is interior through accumulation in 7-8 hour, temperature rises to 35-37 DEG C, aspergillus oryzae spore germinates, has bent perfume (or spice) namely to turn, and makes bent material up and down even, then bent conjunction is loaded, bent material thickness 1.5-2 centimetre, the shelf then on song material covers the wet cotton gauze through sterilizing, to ensure the humidity of bent material; Room temp should control at 28-30 DEG C, and after 10 hours, mycelia starts amount reproduction, and temperature rises to 34-35 DEG C, and bent material molding, can turn over song; Method be with bamboo chip carefully by the Qu Jinhang turn-over of molding, turn over song and will change dry cotton gauze, cover wet cotton gauze, to ensure humidity, temperature, at 30-36 DEG C, promotes mycelial growth spore, altogether through 72-96 hour, the yellow spore of bent material is all aging, can dry song or shine bent; Dry deep closet temperature and bring up to 40-45 DEG C, sort of quyi moisture, below 12%, bandages with plastics bag, puts dry indoor and saves backup;
(2.2) cultivation of Aspergillus flavus
(2.2.1) slant tube spawn culture
Manufacturing of substratum, get 1000 milliliters, the soya bean juice of 5-6 degree Beaume, 0.6 gram, magnesium sulfate, Zulkovsky starch 20 grams, potassium primary phosphate 1 gram, 0.5 gram, ammonium sulfate, 20 grams, agar, load after dissolving in test tube, tampon beyond the Great Wall, bottleneck outsourcing kraft paper, put into pressure kettle sterilizing 30-40 minute under 0.15-0.2MPa vapor pressure, take out and be put into slant tube while hot, Deng test tube slant cooling after move on in constant incubator, ensure temperature 35-37 DEG C, constant temperature culture 72-80 hour, to measure slant tube substratum whether aseptic inoculation, slant tube good for sterilizing is aseptically accessed Aspergillus flavus test tube original seed, an original seed switching slant tube 20, the test tube connecting original seed is positioned in the thermostat container of 28-30 DEG C and cultivates 72-80 hour, now the slant tube bacterial classification grown should be put in preservation in 4 DEG C of refrigerators for subsequent use,
(2.2.2) the triangular flask sort of quyi is cultivated
Get fresh wheat bran and add water 85%, after turning, make water suction even, then load in 500 milliliters of triangular flasks, every bottle of thickness is 1-1.5 centimetre, is stoppered tampon, and bottleneck external application kraft paper is wrapped up, with 0.15-0.2MPa pressure sterilization 30-40 minute in high-pressure sterilizing pot, take out cooling, aseptically access slant tube bacterial classification, a slant tube accesses in 20 bottles of triangular flasks, then put in 28-30 DEG C of constant incubator, through 34h, after molding, detain bottle, continue to cultivate 72-80 hour; In the cultured Triangle-botde koji short period of time need not, put into 4 DEG C of refrigerators and deposit for subsequent use, depositing can not more than one week;
(2.2.3) bent box kind song is cultivated
Take 100 kilograms, fresh wheat bran, add water 80%, turn evenly and sieve, make bent material loose without agglomerate, normal pressure steaming in steaming stock pot, after all justifying vapour, then steams 40-60 minute, in sterilisable chamber, spreading for cooling is to 35 DEG C in taking-up, and namely can be accessed by triangular flask kind, inoculum size is 0.3% of fresh wheat bran quality; Method be first by the sort of quyi and a small amount of bent expect to mix after, then spread on song material, after turning through 2-3 time, be contained in bamboo basket, temperature at 30-32 DEG C, then covers with sterilized gunnysack, the deep closet placing 28-30 DEG C is interior through accumulation in 7-8 hour, and temperature is raised to 35-37 DEG C, and aspergillus oryzae spore germinates, bent perfume (or spice) is had namely to turn, bent material is up and down made evenly, then to load bent conjunction, bent material thickness 1.5-2 centimetre, then the shelf on song material covers the wet cotton gauze through sterilizing, to ensure the humidity of bent material; Temperature temperature is at 28-30 DEG C, and after 10 hours, mycelia starts amount reproduction, and temperature rises to 34-35 DEG C, and song expects molding, can turn over song; Method be with bamboo chip carefully by the Qu Jinhang turn-over of molding, turn over song and will change dry cotton gauze, cover wet cotton gauze, to ensure humidity, temperature, at 30-36 DEG C, promotes mycelial growth spore, altogether through 72-96 hour, the yellow-green colour spore of bent material is all aging, can dry song or shine bent; Dry deep closet temperature and bring up to 40-45 DEG C, sort of quyi moisture, below 12%, bandages with plastics bag, puts dry indoor and saves backup, more than 3 months quality guaranteed period;
(2.3), the cultivation of black-koji mould
(2.3.1) slant tube spawn culture
Adopt czapek's solution: 3 grams, ammonium nitrate, 0.5 gram, Repone K, 0.01 gram, ferrous sulfate, potassium primary phosphate 1 gram, 0.5 gram, magnesium sulfate, sucrose 20 grams, 20 grams, agar, distilled water 1000 milliliters, to load in test tube tampon beyond the Great Wall, outsourcing kraft paper after dissolving, put into pressure kettle in vapour pressure with 0.15-0.2MPa sterilized under pressure 30-40 minute, whether take out and be put into inclined-plane while hot, cooling is placed in 35-37 DEG C of constant incubator and cultivates 72 hours, thorough to measure inclined-plane examination medium sterilization; Inoculation, slant tube good for sterilizing is aseptically accessed test tube original seed, a test tube original seed transfers 20, and slant tube inoculate is put into 28-30 DEG C of constant incubator and cultivated 72-80 hour, and it is for subsequent use that 4 DEG C of refrigerator and cooled Tibetan put into by the test tube of maturation;
(2.3.2) Triangle-botde koji is cultivated
Get fresh wheat bran and add water 80%, after turning, make water suction even, then load in 500ml triangular flask, every bottle of bent material thickness is 1-1.5 centimetre, is stoppered tampon, wraps up with kraft paper, with 0.15-0.2MPa pressure sterilization 30-40 minute in high-pressure sterilizing pot, take out cooling, aseptically access slant tube bacterial classification, a slant tube accesses in 20 bottles of triangular flasks, then put in 28-30 DEG C of constant incubator, through 34 hours, after molding, detain bottle, continue to cultivate 72-80 hour; In the cultured Triangle-botde koji short period of time need not, put into 4 DEG C of refrigerators and deposit, the shelf-time can not be for subsequent use more than one week;
(2.3.3) bent box kind song is cultivated
Take 100 kilograms, fresh wheat bran, add water 85%, turn evenly and sieve, make bent material loose without agglomerate, normal pressure steaming in steaming stock pot, after all justifying vapour, steam 40-60 minute again, take out in sterilisable chamber spreading for cooling to 35 DEG C, i.e. accessible triangular flask kind, inoculum size 10 Triangle-botde koji, method be first by the sort of quyi and a small amount of bent expect to mix after, spread on song material again, after turning through 2-3 time, be contained in bamboo basket, temperature is at 30-32 DEG C, cover with sterilized gunnysack again, the deep closet placing 28-30 DEG C is interior through accumulation in 7-8 hour, temperature has been raised to 35 DEG C, aspergillus oryzae spore germinates, bent perfume (or spice) is had namely to turn, make bent material up and down even, then bent conjunction is loaded, bent material thickness 1.5-2 centimetres, then the shelf on song material covers the wet cotton gauze through sterilizing, to ensure the humidity of bent material, temperature is at 28-30 DEG C, and after 10 hours, mycelia starts amount reproduction, and temperature is rising 34-35 DEG C, and song expects molding, can turn over song, method be with bamboo chip carefully by the Qu Jinhang turn-over of molding, turn over song and will change dry cotton gauze, cover wet cotton gauze, to ensure humidity, temperature, at 30-36 DEG C, promotes mycelial growth spore, altogether through 72-96 hour, the black spore of bent material is all aging, can dry song or shine bent, dry deep closet temperature and bring up to 40-45 DEG C, sort of quyi moisture, below 12%, bandages with plastics bag, puts dry indoor and saves backup, more than 3 months quality guaranteed period,
(3) aerated koji making is cultivated
The bent box kind of raw material access aspergillus oryzae that barley, wheat, soybean and pea are formed is bent, flavus bent box kind is bent, the bent box kind of aspergillus niger is bent, and after mixing, enter to ventilate Quchi, regulates temperature at 30-35 DEG C, impel bacterial classification spore-germination, static gas wave refrigerator 6-8 hour; Now the bed of material begins to warm to 35-37 DEG C, and namely should start blower ventilation cooling, control temperature is between 30-35 DEG C; Song carries out first time and turns over song after expecting that pond was cultivated through 12 hours, makes bent material loose, reduces ventilation resistance, keep normal temps 30-35 DEG C; Continue to cultivate after 4-6 hour, carry out second time in time and turn over song; Incubation time is to 24-28 hour;
(4) become bent to dry
Cultured Cheng Qu between 40-45 DEG C, through drying bed 24-36 hour.
2. a distiller's yeast, is characterized in that: adopt making method according to claim 1 to prepare.
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| CN104450412A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-03-25 | 洪湖市野莲酒业有限公司 | Wild lotus distiller yeast and making method thereof |
| CN104726348A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-06-24 | 贵州省轻工业科学研究所 | Slant test-tube culture medium for aspergillus candidus strain |
| CN104818186B (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2019-07-02 | 王益民 | Barley wine distiller's yeast production technology |
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| CN107189909B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2021-03-09 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Preparation method of special distiller's yeast for millet yellow wine |
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| CN114672382B (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2024-01-30 | 海天醋业集团有限公司 | Preparation method of wheat starter with high ammonia nitrogen and special aroma |
| CN114940929A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-26 | 山西老牛湾冰滴醋酿造有限公司 | Method for manufacturing bran koji |
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