CN104226680A - Repairing device and method for cadmium-contaminated soils - Google Patents
Repairing device and method for cadmium-contaminated soils Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a repairing device for cadmium-contaminated soils, and the device comprises a soil crushing and screening device, a chemical leaching hybrid reaction settling pond, a coagulation reaction settling pond, a multi-layer movable adsorption tower, a plate-shaped press filter and a plant repairing bed; the chemical leaching hybrid reaction settling pond and the coagulation reaction settling pond comprise a mixing stirring region and a settling region; the multi-layer movable adsorption tower is configured with multiple layers, the grain size of the adsorption filler is gradually diminished from top to bottom, the top of the multi-layer movable adsorption tower is provided with a water distributor which is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe is connected with the water outlet pipe of the coagulation reaction settling pond; the repairing method comprises the following steps of: crushing and screening polluted soils, placing them into the chemical leaching hybrid reaction settling pond to perform leaching reaction, drying by the press filter, refilling to the plant repairing bed to repair the plants, treating waste water via coagulation, precipitation and the multi-layer movable adsorption tower, and discharging with standards; the device is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost and excellent in treating effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Treatment process field of heavy-metal contaminated soil, especially a kind of prosthetic device of cadmium pollution soil and method.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the fast development of economy, the soil of heavy metal pollution constantly increases, and after particularly large quantities of contaminating enterprises close and move, the industrial sites of a large amount of outcast cadmium pollution appears in surrounding city.After cadmium enters soil ecosystem, destroy the living environment of plant and microorganism, cause the decline of soil quality, thus crop yield and quality are constituted a threat to, the reparation of therefore cadmium soil pollution and administer very urgent.
The recovery technique of cadmium pollution soil mainly contains peripheral doses method, chemical leaching, phytoremediation etc., and peripheral doses method efficiency is higher, but at substantial energy, the soil organism and moisture all can suffer to destroy in various degree; Chemical restoration not only can carry out in-situ immobilization, also can carry out strange land reparation, have stable treatment effect, repair advantage thoroughly, but easily cause secondary pollution; Phytoremediation technology is compared with traditional soil remediation method, low cost, not spoiled soil structure, do not cause the secondary pollution of underground water, can beautify the environment simultaneously, be easy to as society is accepted, it is a kind of emerging technology integrating ecology and administer, be developed rapidly, become one of green soil environment remediation technology.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: in order to solve the reparation problem of cadmium pollution soil, the invention provides a kind of prosthetic device and method of cadmium pollution soil.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of prosthetic device of cadmium pollution soil, comprises the Crushing and screening device of soil, chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin, coagulating sedimentation basin, multi-layer movable adsorption tower, plate type pressure filter, phytoremediation bed; Described chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin, coagulating sedimentation basin, multi-layer movable adsorption tower are communicated with successively.
Described chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin comprises mix and blend district and settling zone, and top, mix and blend district is provided with water inlet pipe, for adding liquid add-on system, the soil charging aperture of eluent; Middle and lower part, mix and blend district is provided with agitating device; Baffle plate is provided with in described settling zone, the inwall of this baffle plate and chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin forms the passage entering settling zone as muddy water, the outlet bottom of settling zone is provided with three phase separator, the outlet top of settling zone is provided with downflow weir, downflow weir is communicated with outlet pipe, the tapered structure of settling zone bottom design, is provided with sediment discharge valve bottom settling zone.
Described coagulating sedimentation basin comprises mix and blend district and settling zone, mix and blend is provided with water inlet pipe bottom district, the water inlet pipe of coagulating sedimentation basin is communicated with the outlet pipe of chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin, top, mix and blend district is provided with liquid add-on system, in the middle part of mix and blend district, be provided with agitating device; Baffle plate is provided with in described settling zone, the inwall of this baffle plate and coagulating sedimentation basin forms the water stream channel entering settling zone as water, the outlet bottom of settling zone is provided with three phase separator, the outlet top of settling zone is provided with downflow weir, downflow weir is communicated with outlet pipe, the tapered structure of settling zone bottom design, is provided with sedimentary drain valve bottom settling zone.
Described multi-layer movable adsorption tower adopts multilayer to arrange, and from top to bottom, the particle diameter of adsorption stuffing diminishes gradually.Multi-layer movable adsorption tower topmost is provided with water distributor, and water distributor connects water inlet pipe, and water inlet pipe is communicated with the outlet pipe of coagulating sedimentation basin.The bracing frame of every layer of adsorption stuffing of adsorption tower is designed to inverted trapezoidal drawer type, add forced ventilation on the one hand, avoid producing foul smell, be convenient on the other hand observe and change adsorption stuffing, when this layer of adsorption stuffing blocking is serious, when filtering velocity is very low, only this layer of adsorption stuffing need be extracted out and change, the adsorption stuffing changed repeatedly uses through regeneration.The bottom of adsorption tower is provided with air inlet and outlet pipe.
Described phytoremediation bed builds enforcement as follows:
(1) investigate, test, analyze, determine the scope of contaminated soil, area and the degree of depth;
(2) according to investigation result, become the length of side to be the square grid shape structure of 5-10 rice management goal section planning, each grid is a phytoremediation bed;
(3) peel off contaminated soil layer, part is peeled off the surrounding that soil is deposited in phytoremediation bed, forms the cofferdam of phytoremediation bed;
(4) bottom design of phytoremediation bed has the current gradient of 1-3%;
(5) the base impervious process of phytoremediation bed, lay barrier film, barrier film can adopt the plastic foil of 1.5-2 millimeters thick, and lap-joint will handle well, to improve anti-seepage effect; Further, for preventing barrier film to be destroyed, fine sand need be laid at barrier film bottom soil layer and barrier film upper surface, or adding fine sand as protective layer using geotextiles;
(6) soil on the protective layer of barrier film after filling chemical leaching, the cladding thickness of soil is 0.8-1.5 rice;
(7) choose seeds on phytoremediation bed plant, the plant of seed selection should meet the following requirements: 1. strong to the absorbability of cadmium; 2. adopt Native species, because of soil plantation, suit measures to local conditions; 3. resistance against diseases is strong; 4. be easy to results, be convenient to dispose; 5. waterlogging ability is strong; 6. well developed root system, cauline leaf is dense.Conventional plant has hollyhock, four-o'clock, sensitive plant, heartsease and maidenhair;
(8) be designed with the collecting pipe of soil leaching liquid in the downstream of phytoremediation bed, the leachate of collection is back to the mix and blend district of coagulating sedimentation basin.
Adopt the prosthetic device of above-mentioned cadmium pollution soil to carry out a method for soil remediation improvement, there are following steps:
1. contaminated soil is carried out fragmentation, screening, the composition that particle diameter is larger can be used as building waste and processes;
The charging aperture on the soil chemically drip washing hybrid reaction sedimentation basin top 2. after screening enters, mix with from the water of water inlet pipe and the eluent of liquid add-on system, the agitating device being arranged on stirring area is utilized to stir, slime water after hybrid reaction enters settling zone, the three phase separator of settling zone realizes mud-water separation, cadmium in soil is leached in water, mud sinks to the bottom of settling zone under gravity, discharged by the sediment discharge valve of bottom, sewage is flowed out by downflow weir and outlet pipe; Mud enters plate type pressure filter after being discharged by drain valve, pressing filtering liquid is back to the stirring area of chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin, mud cake after press filtration is backfilling into phytoremediation bed after appropriateness is dried, and the soil on the phytoremediation bed after drip washing can be chosen seeds plant after arranging;
3. sewage enters coagulating sedimentation basin by the water inlet pipe bottom the mix and blend district of coagulating sedimentation basin, mixes with the liquid from liquid add-on system, utilizes the agitating device being arranged on stirring area to stir; The three phase separator of settling zone realizes mud-water separation, and the cadmium in water precipitates, and mud sinks to the bottom of settling zone under gravity, is discharged by the sediment discharge valve of bottom, and water is flowed out by downflow weir and outlet pipe; Mud enters plate type pressure filter after being discharged by drain valve, and pressing filtering liquid is back to the mix and blend district of coagulating sedimentation basin, and the mud cake after press filtration carries out treatment and disposal as hazardous solid waste;
4. enter the water distributor of multi-layer movable adsorption tower topmost through water inlet pipe from the water of the outlet pipe of coagulating sedimentation basin, water is sprayed on the adsorption stuffing of one deck topmost equably, through absorption and the absorption of multilayer adsorption stuffing, cadmium in water is removed further, water after final process is discharged by the drainpipe bottom multi-layer movable adsorption tower, realizes qualified discharge.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: structure of the present invention is simple, and manufacturing cost is lower, has higher remediation efficiency to the soil of cadmium pollution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin.
In Fig. 1: 1. chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin, 1-1. mix and blend district, 1-2. settling zone, 1-3. water inlet pipe, 1-4. liquid add-on system, 1-5. soil charging aperture, 1-6. agitating device, 1-7. baffle plate, 1-8. three phase separator, 1-9. downflow weir, 1-10. sediment discharge valve.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention coagulating sedimentation basin.
In Fig. 2: 2. coagulating sedimentation basin, 2-1. mix and blend district, 2-2. settling zone, 2-3. water inlet pipe, 2-4. liquid add-on system, 2-5. agitating device, 2-6. baffle plate, 2-7. three phase separator, 2-8. downflow weir, 2-9. sediment discharge valve.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention multi-layer movable adsorption tower.
In Fig. 3: 3. multi-layer movable adsorption tower, 3-1. adsorption stuffing, 3-2. water distributor, 3-3. water inlet pipe, 3-4. inverted trapezoidal drawer type filtrate bracing frame, 3-5. air inlet, 3-6. outlet pipe.
Fig. 4 is process chart.
Detailed description of the invention
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation.These accompanying drawings are the schematic diagram of simplification, only basic structure of the present invention are described in a schematic way, and therefore it only shows the formation relevant with the present invention.
The prosthetic device of a kind of cadmium pollution soil of the present invention, comprises the Crushing and screening device of soil, chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin 1, coagulating sedimentation basin 2, multi-layer movable adsorption tower 3, plate type pressure filter, phytoremediation bed; Described chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin 1, coagulating sedimentation basin 2, multi-layer movable adsorption tower 3 are communicated with successively.
Described chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin 1 comprises mix and blend district 1-1 and settling zone 1-2, and 1-1 top, mix and blend district is provided with water inlet pipe 1-3, for adding liquid add-on system 1-4, the soil charging aperture 1-5 of eluent; Middle and lower part, mix and blend district is provided with agitating device 1-6; Baffle plate 1-7 is provided with in described settling zone, the inwall of this baffle plate 1-7 and chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin forms the passage entering settling zone as muddy water, the outlet bottom of settling zone 1-2 is provided with three phase separator 1-8, the outlet top of settling zone is provided with downflow weir 1-9, downflow weir 1-9 is communicated with outlet pipe, the tapered structure of settling zone 1-2 bottom design, is provided with sediment discharge valve 1-10 bottom settling zone.
Described coagulating sedimentation basin 2 comprises mix and blend district 2-1 and settling zone 2-2, water inlet pipe 2-3 is provided with bottom mix and blend district, the water inlet pipe 2-3 of coagulating sedimentation basin is communicated with the outlet pipe of chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin, 2-1 top, mix and blend district is provided with liquid add-on system 2-4, in the middle part of mix and blend district 2-1, be provided with agitating device 2-5; Baffle plate 2-6 is provided with in described settling zone 2-2, the inwall of this baffle plate 2-6 and coagulating sedimentation basin 2 forms the water stream channel entering settling zone 2-2 as water, the outlet bottom of settling zone 2-2 is provided with three phase separator 2-7, the outlet top of settling zone is provided with downflow weir 2-8, downflow weir 2-8 is communicated with outlet pipe, the tapered structure of settling zone bottom design, is provided with sediment discharge valve 2-9 bottom settling zone.
Described multi-layer movable adsorption tower 3 adopts five layers of setting, and from top to bottom, the particle diameter of adsorption stuffing 3-1 diminishes gradually.Multi-layer movable adsorption tower topmost is provided with water distributor 3-2, and water distributor 3-2 connects water inlet pipe 3-3, and water inlet pipe 3-3 is communicated with the outlet pipe of coagulating sedimentation basin 2; Further, for adding forced ventilation, avoid producing foul smell, simultaneously for ease of observing and changing adsorption stuffing, the bracing frame 3-4 of every layer of adsorption stuffing 3-1 of adsorption tower 3 is designed to inverted trapezoidal drawer type; When certain layer of adsorption stuffing blocking is serious, when filtering velocity is very low, only this layer of adsorption stuffing need be extracted out and change, the adsorption stuffing changed repeatedly uses through regeneration.The bottom of adsorption tower is provided with air inlet 3-5 and outlet pipe 3-6.
Described phytoremediation bed builds enforcement as follows:
(1) investigate, test, analyze, determine the scope of contaminated soil, area and the degree of depth;
(2) according to investigation result, become the length of side to be the square grid shape structure of 8 meters management goal section planning, each grid is a phytoremediation bed;
(3) peel off contaminated soil layer, part is peeled off the surrounding that soil is deposited in phytoremediation bed, forms the cofferdam of phytoremediation bed;
(4) bottom design of phytoremediation bed has the current gradient of 2%;
(5) the base impervious process of phytoremediation bed, lay barrier film, barrier film adopts the plastic foil of 2 millimeters thick, and lap-joint will handle well, to improve anti-seepage effect; Further, for preventing barrier film to be destroyed, fine sand need be laid as protective layer at barrier film bottom soil layer and barrier film upper surface;
(6) soil on the protective layer of barrier film after filling chemical leaching, the cladding thickness of soil is 1 meter;
(7) to choose seeds on phytoremediation bed plant hollyhock;
(8) be designed with the collecting pipe of soil leaching liquid in the downstream of phytoremediation bed, the leachate of collection is back to the mix and blend district of coagulating sedimentation basin.
Adopt the prosthetic device of above-mentioned cadmium pollution soil to carry out a method for soil remediation improvement, there are following steps:
1. contaminated soil is carried out fragmentation, screening, the composition that particle diameter is larger can be used as building waste and processes;
The soil charging aperture 1-5 on soil chemically drip washing hybrid reaction sedimentation basin 1 top 2. after screening enters, mix with from the water of water inlet pipe 1-3 and the eluent of liquid add-on system 1-4, the agitating device 1-6 being arranged on mix and blend district 1-1 is utilized to stir, slime water after hybrid reaction enters settling zone 1-2, the three phase separator 1-8 of settling zone 1-2 realizes mud-water separation, cadmium in soil is leached in water, mud sinks to the bottom of settling zone 1-2 under gravity, discharged by the sediment discharge valve 1-10 of bottom, sewage is flowed out by downflow weir 1-8 and outlet pipe,
Mud enters plate type pressure filter after being discharged by drain valve 1-10, pressing filtering liquid is back to the mix and blend district 1-1 of chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin, mud cake after press filtration is backfilling into phytoremediation bed after appropriateness is dried, and the soil on the phytoremediation bed after drip washing can be chosen seeds plant hollyhock after arranging;
3. sewage enters coagulating sedimentation basin 2 by the water inlet pipe 2-3 bottom the mix and blend district 2-1 of coagulating sedimentation basin 2, mixes with the liquid from liquid add-on system 2-4, utilizes the agitating device 2-5 being arranged on stirring area to stir; Waste water carries out coagulating in coagulating sedimentation basin 2, three phase separator 2-7 in settling zone 2-2 realizes mud-water separation, mud sinks to the bottom of settling zone under gravity, is discharged by the sediment discharge valve 2-9 of bottom, and water is flowed out by downflow weir 2-8 and outlet pipe; Mud enters plate type pressure filter after being discharged by drain valve 2-9, and pressing filtering liquid is back to the mix and blend district 2-1 of coagulating sedimentation basin 2, and the mud cake after press filtration carries out treatment and disposal as hazardous solid waste;
4. enter the water distributor 3-2 of multi-layer movable adsorption tower 3 topmost through water inlet pipe 3-3 from the water of the outlet pipe of coagulating sedimentation basin 2, water is sprayed on the adsorption stuffing 3-1 of one deck topmost equably, through absorption and the absorption of multilayer adsorption stuffing, cadmium in water is removed further, water after final process is discharged by the drainpipe 3-6 bottom multi-layer movable adsorption tower, realizes qualified discharge.Further, when certain layer of adsorption stuffing blocking is serious, when filtering velocity is very low, only this layer of adsorption stuffing need be extracted out and change, the adsorption stuffing changed repeatedly uses through regeneration.
Further, step 2. in the eluent from liquid add-on system 1-4 select the mixed liquor of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid and oxalic acid, the dosage of eluent is determined according to soil regime experiment, and the drip washing time is 60 ~ 100min, and drip washing reaction temperature is between 20 ~ 30 DEG C.
Further, step 3. in the liquid from liquid add-on system 2-4 select the mixed liquor of aluminium polychloride and polypropylene amine, the dosage of liquid is determined according to soil regime experiment, coagulating sedimentation condition is: pH is between 6 ~ 9, reaction temperature is between 20 ~ 30 DEG C, and the sedimentation time is 30 ~ 60min.
Further, step 4. in adsorption stuffing 3-1 select attapulgite modified.
With above-mentioned according to desirable embodiment of the present invention for enlightenment, by above-mentioned description, relevant staff can carry out various change and amendment completely in the scope not departing from this invention technological thought.The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content on description, must determine its technical scope according to right.
Claims (2)
1. a prosthetic device for cadmium pollution soil, comprises the Crushing and screening device of soil, chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin (1), coagulating sedimentation basin (2), multi-layer movable adsorption tower (3), plate type pressure filter, phytoremediation bed; Described chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin (1), coagulating sedimentation basin (2), multi-layer movable adsorption tower (3) are communicated with successively;
Described chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin (1) comprises mix and blend district (1-1) and settling zone (1-2), and mix and blend district (1-1) top is provided with water inlet pipe (1-3), for adding liquid add-on system (1-4), the soil charging aperture (1-5) of eluent; Middle and lower part, mix and blend district is provided with agitating device (1-6); Baffle plate (1-7) is provided with in described settling zone, this baffle plate (1-7) forms with the inwall of chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin the passage entering settling zone as muddy water, the outlet bottom of settling zone (1-2) is provided with three phase separator (1-8), the outlet top of settling zone is provided with downflow weir (1-9), downflow weir (1-9) is communicated with outlet pipe, the tapered structure of settling zone (1-2) bottom design, is provided with sediment discharge valve (1-10) bottom settling zone;
Described coagulating sedimentation basin (2) comprises mix and blend district (2-1) and settling zone (2-2), water inlet pipe (2-3) is provided with bottom mix and blend district, the water inlet pipe (2-3) of coagulating sedimentation basin is communicated with the outlet pipe of chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin, mix and blend district (2-1) top is provided with liquid add-on system (2-4), and mix and blend district (2-1) middle part is provided with agitating device (2-5); Baffle plate (2-6) is provided with in described settling zone (2-2), this baffle plate (2-6) forms with the inwall of coagulating sedimentation basin (2) water stream channel entering settling zone (2-2) as water, the outlet bottom of settling zone (2-2) is provided with three phase separator (2-7), the outlet top of settling zone is provided with downflow weir (2-8), downflow weir (2-8) is communicated with outlet pipe, the tapered structure of settling zone bottom design, is provided with sediment discharge valve (2-9) bottom settling zone;
Described multi-layer movable adsorption tower (3) adopts multilayer to arrange, and the particle diameter of adsorption stuffing (3-1) diminishes gradually from top to bottom; Multi-layer movable adsorption tower topmost is provided with water distributor (3-2), and water distributor (3-2) connects water inlet pipe (3-3), and water inlet pipe (3-3) is communicated with the outlet pipe of coagulating sedimentation basin (2); Further, for adding forced ventilation, avoid producing foul smell, simultaneously for ease of observing and changing adsorption stuffing, the bracing frame (3-4) of every layer of adsorption stuffing (3-1) of adsorption tower (3) is designed to inverted trapezoidal drawer type; When certain layer of adsorption stuffing blocking is serious, when filtering velocity is very low, only this layer of adsorption stuffing need be extracted out and change, the adsorption stuffing changed repeatedly uses through regeneration; The bottom of adsorption tower is provided with air inlet (3-5) and outlet pipe (3-6).
2. adopt the prosthetic device of cadmium pollution soil as claimed in claim 1 to carry out a method for soil remediation improvement, there are following steps:
1. contaminated soil is carried out fragmentation, screening, the composition that particle diameter is larger can be used as building waste and processes;
The soil charging aperture (1-5) on soil chemically drip washing hybrid reaction sedimentation basin (1) top 2. after screening enters, mix with from the water of water inlet pipe (1-3) and the eluent of liquid add-on system (1-4), the agitating device (1-6) that utilization is arranged on mix and blend district (1-1) stirs, slime water after hybrid reaction enters settling zone (1-2), cadmium in soil is leached in water, the three phase separator (1-8) of settling zone (1-2) realizes mud-water separation, mud sinks to the bottom of settling zone (1-2) under gravity, discharged by the sediment discharge valve (1-10) of bottom, sewage is flowed out by downflow weir (1-8) and outlet pipe,
Mud enters plate type pressure filter after being discharged by drain valve (1-10), pressing filtering liquid is back to the mix and blend district (1-1) of chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin, mud cake after press filtration is backfilling into phytoremediation bed after appropriateness is dried, and the soil on the phytoremediation bed after drip washing to be chosen seeds rehabilitation plant after arranging;
3. the sewage from chemical leaching hybrid reaction sedimentation basin (1) outlet pipe enters coagulating sedimentation basin (2) by the water inlet pipe (2-3) of the bottom, mix and blend district (2-1) of coagulating sedimentation basin (2), mix with the liquid from liquid add-on system (2-4), utilize the agitating device (2-5) being arranged on stirring area to stir; Waste water carries out coagulating in coagulating sedimentation basin (2), cadmium in water precipitates, three phase separator (2-7) in settling zone (2-2) realizes mud-water separation, mud sinks to the bottom of settling zone under gravity, discharged by the sediment discharge valve (2-9) of bottom, water is flowed out by downflow weir (2-8) and outlet pipe; Mud enters plate type pressure filter after being discharged by drain valve (2-9), and pressing filtering liquid is back to the mix and blend district (2-1) of coagulating sedimentation basin (2), and the mud cake after press filtration carries out treatment and disposal as hazardous solid waste;
4. enter the water distributor (3-2) of multi-layer movable adsorption tower (3) topmost through water inlet pipe (3-3) from the water of the outlet pipe of coagulating sedimentation basin (2), water is sprayed on the adsorption stuffing (3-1) of one deck topmost equably, through absorption and the absorption of multilayer adsorption stuffing, cadmium in water is removed further, water after final process is discharged by the drainpipe (3-6) bottom multi-layer movable adsorption tower, realizes qualified discharge; Further, when certain layer of adsorption stuffing blocking is serious, when filtering velocity is very low, only this layer of adsorption stuffing need be extracted out and change, the adsorption stuffing changed repeatedly uses through regeneration.
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