CN107162200A - A kind of artificial wet land system for purifying the roof rain water containing laundrywastes - Google Patents
A kind of artificial wet land system for purifying the roof rain water containing laundrywastes Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000001398 Typha domingensis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 gravel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001633663 Iris pseudacorus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
- E03F1/002—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water with disposal into the ground, e.g. via dry wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/02—Arrangement of sewer pipe-lines or pipe-line systems
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/14—Devices for separating liquid or solid substances from sewage, e.g. sand or sludge traps, rakes or grates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/002—Grey water, e.g. from clothes washers, showers or dishwashers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于污水处理装置,具体涉及一种净化含洗衣废水的屋顶雨水的人工湿地系统。The invention belongs to a sewage treatment device, in particular to an artificial wetland system for purifying roof rainwater containing laundry wastewater.
背景技术Background technique
随着城市化进程的推进,建筑屋面的排水问题日益突出,进行雨污分流迫在眉睫。然而在居住建筑中,洗衣机常常被置于阳台上。由于阳台没有设置污水管道,洗衣废水往往被排入屋面外的雨水管中,混入建筑屋顶雨水,进而直接排入受纳水体。由于洗衣废水中含有表面活性剂、氮、磷等多种污染物,必然会影响雨水管中的水质,进而对河流水质造成污染。将水平潜流人工湿地系统应用于含洗衣废水的建筑屋顶雨水的分离净化未见专利文献报道。With the advancement of urbanization, the drainage problem of building roofs has become increasingly prominent, and it is imminent to divert rain and sewage. However, in residential buildings, washing machines are often placed on balconies. Since there are no sewage pipes on the balcony, the laundry wastewater is often discharged into the rainwater pipe outside the roof, mixed with the rainwater on the roof of the building, and then directly discharged into the receiving water body. Since the laundry wastewater contains surfactants, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants, it will inevitably affect the water quality in the rainwater pipes, and then pollute the water quality of the river. The application of the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland system to the separation and purification of building roof rainwater containing laundry wastewater has not been reported in patent literature.
人工湿地作为一种新型生态污水处理技术,由于具有投资省、运行费用低、操作简便、处理效果好等诸多优势,在各类有机污(废)水的处理及微污染水体的生态修复中得到了迅速的发展和推广应用。人工湿地可分为表面流人工湿地、水平潜流人工湿地和垂直流人工湿地,潜流湿地水在填料表面下渗流,一方面可以充分利用填料表面生长的生物膜、丰富的植物根系及表层土和填料截留等作用,提高处理效果和处理能力;另一方面由于水流在地表下流动,保温性好,处理效果受气候影响较小,且卫生条件较好,是目前国际上较多研究和应用的一种湿地处理系统。As a new type of ecological sewage treatment technology, constructed wetland has been widely used in the treatment of various organic sewage (waste) water and the ecological restoration of slightly polluted water bodies due to its advantages of low investment, low operating cost, simple operation, and good treatment effect. rapid development and application. Constructed wetlands can be divided into surface flow constructed wetlands, horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands and vertical flow constructed wetlands. Subsurface flow wetland water seeps under the surface of the filler. On the one hand, it can make full use of the biofilm grown on the surface of the filler, the rich plant root system, surface soil and fillers. Interception and other functions can improve the treatment effect and treatment capacity; on the other hand, because the water flows under the surface, the thermal insulation is good, the treatment effect is less affected by the climate, and the sanitary conditions are better. It is currently more researched and applied in the world. A wetland treatment system.
发明内容Contents of the invention
发明目的:本发明提供一种分离净化含洗衣废水的建筑屋顶雨水的水平潜流人工湿地系统,可以对降雨期进入雨水管道的初期雨水以及非降雨期进入雨水管道的洗衣废水进行净化,再进行排放或随雨水一起进入雨水管网系统。Purpose of the invention: The present invention provides a horizontal subsurface flow artificial wetland system for separating and purifying rainwater from building roofs containing laundry wastewater, which can purify the initial rainwater entering the rainwater pipeline during the rainfall period and the laundry wastewater entering the rainwater pipeline during the non-rainfall period, and then discharge it Or enter the rainwater pipe network system together with the rainwater.
技术方案:本发明所述的一种净化含洗衣废水的屋顶雨水的人工湿地系统,包括依次连接的雨污分流井、布水管、湿地处理区、集水管和泄洪沟,所述雨污分流井内设置分流阀,所述雨污分流井出水口分别连接泄洪沟和布水管,所述布水管在湿地处理区的前端,所述集水管在湿地处理区的后端,所述湿地处理区由垂直过滤层组成。Technical solution: The constructed wetland system for purifying roof rainwater containing laundry wastewater according to the present invention includes rain and sewage diversion wells, water distribution pipes, wetland treatment areas, water collection pipes and flood discharge ditch connected in sequence. A diverter valve is set, and the water outlet of the rain-sewage diversion well is respectively connected to the flood discharge ditch and the water distribution pipe. The water distribution pipe is at the front end of the wetland treatment area, and the water collection pipe is at the rear end of the wetland treatment area. composition.
洗衣废水中一般含有大颗粒的杂质,为了避免堵塞湿地处理区,还可在雨污分流井和布水管之间设置沉砂池。沉砂池池底设有沉砂斗,废水中相对密度大于2.65的大颗粒杂质通过重力沉降分离,洗衣废水经过沉砂池的初步沉降分离后,流入布水管。Laundry wastewater generally contains large particles of impurities. In order to avoid blocking the wetland treatment area, a grit chamber can also be set between the rainwater diversion well and the water distribution pipe. There is a grit bucket at the bottom of the grit chamber, and the large-particle impurities in the wastewater with a relative density greater than 2.65 are separated by gravity sedimentation. The laundry wastewater flows into the water distribution pipe after the preliminary sedimentation and separation of the grit chamber.
洗衣废水的流量较大,为了达到均匀布水的目的,还可在雨污分流井和布水管之间设置配水渠。The flow of laundry wastewater is relatively large. In order to achieve the purpose of uniform water distribution, a water distribution channel can also be set between the rain and sewage diversion well and the water distribution pipe.
洗衣废水的流量较大,为了达到均匀布水的目的,还可在雨污分流井和布水管之间设置配水渠。The flow of laundry wastewater is relatively large. In order to achieve the purpose of uniform water distribution, a water distribution channel can also be set between the rain and sewage diversion well and the water distribution pipe.
所述配水渠设置在沉砂池后1/2段,水流经渠断面跌落如配水渠,与沉砂池连接一面的渠断面设置为锯齿状,锯齿状断面具有一定的均匀布水的效果。The distribution channel is set in the rear 1/2 section of the grit chamber, and the water flows through the section of the channel and falls like a distribution channel. The section of the channel connected to the grit chamber is set in a zigzag shape, and the zigzag section has a certain effect of uniform water distribution.
为了提高湿地处理区的进水稳定性和出水稳定性,所述布水管(4)的出水面或集水管(5)的进水面设置穿孔布水隔板,所述穿孔布水隔板的开孔率在40~60%,孔眼大小为 In order to improve the water inlet stability and water outlet stability of the wetland treatment area, the water outlet surface of the water distribution pipe (4) or the water inlet surface of the water collection pipe (5) is provided with a perforated water distribution partition, and the opening of the perforated water distribution partition The porosity is 40-60%, and the hole size is
所述湿地处理区分为上层基质层、中层基质层和下层基质层,所述上层基质层填充土壤或细沙,土壤较适宜植物的生长而细沙在湿地运行中较不容易发生堵塞,上层基质可截留大部分悬浮物和杂质,基质中的好氧微生物也可去除水中大部分有机物;所述中层基质层填充沸石或钢渣,要处理的污水中含有较高水平的氨氮,可以填充较多的沸石以增强去除效果,或者污水中磷含量较高也可以考虑填充除磷材料钢渣;所述下层基质层填充砾石或炉渣,其缺氧状态有利于微生物对污染物的净化,并对含磷污染物具有进一步的吸附效果,对出水也具有较好的布水效果。The wetland treatment area is divided into an upper substrate layer, a middle substrate layer and a lower substrate layer. The upper substrate layer is filled with soil or fine sand. The soil is more suitable for the growth of plants and the fine sand is less likely to be blocked during wetland operation. The upper substrate layer It can retain most of the suspended solids and impurities, and the aerobic microorganisms in the matrix can also remove most of the organic matter in the water; the middle matrix layer is filled with zeolite or steel slag, and the sewage to be treated contains a relatively high level of ammonia nitrogen, so it can be filled with more Zeolite can be used to enhance the removal effect, or if the phosphorus content in sewage is high, steel slag, a phosphorus removal material, can also be considered to be filled; the lower matrix layer is filled with gravel or slag, and its anoxic state is conducive to the purification of pollutants by microorganisms, and the pollution of phosphorus The material has further adsorption effect, and also has a better water distribution effect on the effluent.
在湿地处理区种植湿地植物,如黄菖蒲、花叶芦竹、香蒲等,既可以合理利用湿地处理区美化环境,植物的根茎还可对洗衣废水进行净化。Planting wetland plants in the wetland treatment area, such as yellow iris, reed bamboo, cattail, etc., can not only rationally use the wetland treatment area to beautify the environment, but also purify the laundry wastewater by the roots of the plants.
工作原理:当暴雨流入雨水管道内流量较大,雨污分流井内水位高时,分流阀开启,雨水排入泄洪沟;当洗衣废水流入管道内流量较小,雨污分流井内水位低时,分流阀关闭,洗衣废水通过雨污分流井进入布水管;洗衣废水经布水管均匀流入湿地处理区,水流流态为水平潜流,经湿地处理区的垂直过滤层分离净化后,由集水管收集汇入泄洪沟排出。Working principle: When the flow of heavy rain into the rainwater pipe is large and the water level in the rain-sewage diversion well is high, the diverter valve is opened and the rainwater is discharged into the flood discharge ditch; when the flow of laundry wastewater into the pipeline is small and the water level in the rain-sewage diversion well is low, the diverter valve Closed, the laundry wastewater enters the water distribution pipe through the rain and sewage diversion well; the laundry wastewater flows into the wetland treatment area evenly through the water distribution pipe, and the water flow state is a horizontal subsurface flow. After being separated and purified by the vertical filter layer in the wetland treatment area, it is collected by the water collection pipe and poured into the flood discharge ditch discharge.
有益效果:1、洗衣废水经过适当的处理才进入雨水管网系统或者排入河流,避免了对河流的污染;2、在湿地处理区前端设置雨污分流装置和沉砂池,保护湿地处理区免受暴雨流量的冲击,还可以避免因进水中掺杂大量杂质而使湿地系统堵塞,可以维持湿地良好的运行条件;3、潜流式人工湿地处理系统设于地面以下,便于维护管理,既不影响地面的正常功能,还可以在其上种植湿地植物,兼具美化环境的功能。Beneficial effects: 1. After proper treatment, the laundry wastewater enters the rainwater pipe network system or is discharged into the river, avoiding pollution to the river; 2. A rainwater diversion device and a grit chamber are installed at the front end of the wetland treatment area to protect the wetland treatment area from pollution. Impacted by the storm flow, it can also avoid the blockage of the wetland system due to the large amount of impurities in the influent water, and can maintain good operating conditions of the wetland; 3. The subsurface flow artificial wetland treatment system is located below the ground, which is convenient for maintenance and management. The normal function of the ground is affected, and wetland plants can also be planted on it, which has the function of beautifying the environment.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的平面布置图;Fig. 1 is the floor plan of the present invention;
图2为本发明的断面图M-M;Fig. 2 is a sectional view M-M of the present invention;
图3为本发明的断面图N-N;Fig. 3 is the sectional view N-N of the present invention;
图4为本发明的断面图L-L;Fig. 4 is the sectional view L-L of the present invention;
图5为雨水进入雨污分流井分流原理断面示意图;Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the principle of diversion of rainwater into the rain-sewage diversion well;
图6为洗衣废水进入雨污分流井分流原理断面示意图;Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the principle of diversion of laundry wastewater into the rain and sewage diversion well;
具体实施方式detailed description
下面参照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式。Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示,一种净化含洗衣废水的屋顶雨水的人工湿地系统,包括依次连接的雨污分流井1、沉砂池2、配水渠3、布水管4、湿地处理区7、集水管5和泄洪沟6。如图5和图6所示,雨污分流井1的进水口连接建筑屋顶雨水管1-1,出水口分别连接泄洪沟6和沉砂池2,雨污分流井1中设置分流阀1-2和过滤网1-3,当暴雨流入雨水管内流量较大,雨污分流井1内水位高于通向泄洪沟6的管道高度时,分流阀1-2开启,雨水排入泄洪沟6;当洗衣废水流入雨水管内流量较小,雨污分流井1内水位低于通向泄洪沟6的管道高度时,分流阀1-2关闭,洗衣废水通过雨污分流井1溢流堰进入沉砂池2。As shown in Figure 1, a constructed wetland system for purifying roof rainwater containing laundry wastewater includes a rainwater diversion well 1, a grit chamber 2, a water distribution channel 3, a water distribution pipe 4, a wetland treatment area 7, and a water collection pipe connected in sequence 5 and spillway ditch 6. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the water inlet of the rainwater and sewage diversion well 1 is connected to the building roof rainwater pipe 1-1, and the water outlet is respectively connected to the flood discharge ditch 6 and the grit chamber 2, and the rainwater and sewage diversion well 1 is provided with a diverter valve 1-2 And filter screen 1-3, when heavy rain flows into the rainwater pipe, the flow rate is relatively large, and the water level in the rain and sewage diversion well 1 is higher than the pipeline height leading to the flood discharge ditch 6, the diversion valve 1-2 is opened, and the rainwater is discharged into the flood discharge ditch 6; The flow of laundry wastewater into the rainwater pipe is small, and when the water level in the rainwater diversion well 1 is lower than the height of the pipe leading to the flood discharge ditch 6, the diverter valve 1-2 is closed, and the laundry wastewater enters the grit chamber through the overflow weir of the rainwater diversion well 1 2.
如图2所示,沉砂池2池底设有沉砂斗,废水中相对密度大于2.65的大颗粒杂质通过重力沉降分离。沉砂斗容积应按2天内沉砂量计算,按每户每日排放的洗衣废水沉砂量为0.3L计算,沉砂斗斗壁的坡度不小于55°,沉砂池池底具有倾向沉砂斗的坡度,坡度不小于0.1。配水渠3设置在沉砂池2后1/2段,渠断面为锯齿状断面,配水渠3的顶部低于沉砂池2的顶部,洗衣废水从沉砂池2流入配水渠3。布水管4的进水端设在配水渠3的底部,洗衣废水可通过配水渠3底部的斜坡(i=0.1)汇入布水管4。As shown in Figure 2, a grit chamber is provided at the bottom of the grit chamber 2, and large particles of impurities with a relative density greater than 2.65 in the wastewater are separated by gravity sedimentation. The volume of the grit chamber should be calculated according to the amount of grit within 2 days. The grit amount of laundry wastewater discharged by each household is 0.3L. The slope of the wall of the grit chamber should not be less than 55°. The slope of the sand bucket shall not be less than 0.1. The distribution channel 3 is arranged in the rear 1/2 section of the grit chamber 2, and the cross section of the channel is a zigzag section. The water inlet end of the water distribution pipe 4 is located at the bottom of the water distribution channel 3, and the laundry wastewater can flow into the water distribution pipe 4 through the slope (i=0.1) at the bottom of the water distribution channel 3.
如图3所示,在湿地处理区7前端距底部0.6m高处放置布水管4,根据湿地系统的处理水量选择合适的管径,布水管上均匀打孔,同时进水分布区中填充粒径较大的基质,例如砾石、沸石等,保证进入湿地处理区7的废水能够均匀流入。布水管4的出水面放置穿孔布水隔板,提高湿地处理区7的进水稳定性,不影响湿地处理区7的水流条件,穿孔布水隔板的开孔率在40~60%,孔眼大小为 (视湿地和预加工湿地槽基质填料粒径而定)。As shown in Figure 3, the water distribution pipe 4 is placed at a height of 0.6m from the front end of the wetland treatment area 7 to the bottom, and an appropriate pipe diameter is selected according to the treatment water volume of the wetland system. larger diameter The matrix, such as gravel, zeolite, etc., ensures that the wastewater entering the wetland treatment area 7 can flow in evenly. A perforated water distribution partition is placed on the water outlet surface of the water distribution pipe 4 to improve the water inlet stability of the wetland treatment area 7 without affecting the water flow conditions of the wetland treatment area 7. The perforated water distribution partition has an opening ratio of 40 to 60%. size is (Depending on the wetland and pre-processed wetland tank matrix filler particle size).
湿地处理区7由上层基质层7-1、中层基质层7-2,下层基质层7-3构成,基质的选用考虑级配,从下往上粒径逐渐变小。上层基质层7-1厚度30cm,可根据实际的处理对象填充粒径较小的土壤或者细沙,例如土壤较适宜植物的生长而细沙在湿地运行中较不容易发生堵塞;所述中层基质层7-2厚度30cm,根据湿地要处理的对象填充粒径中等的基质,例如要处理的污水中含有较高水平的氨氮,可以填充较多的沸石以增强去除效果,或者污水中磷含量较高也可以考虑填充除磷材料钢渣等;下层基质层7-3厚度20cm,填充粒径较大的基质如砾石、炉渣等,也可根据实际需要填充合适的基质材料。湿地处理区7种植的植物可根据人工湿地要处理的对象确定合适的植物种类,而且还要参照当地的气候条件优选出植物,常见的湿地植物油黄菖蒲、花叶芦竹、香蒲等。The wetland treatment area 7 is composed of an upper substrate layer 7-1, a middle substrate layer 7-2, and a lower substrate layer 7-3. The selection of substrates considers gradation, and the particle size gradually decreases from bottom to top. The upper matrix layer 7-1 has a thickness of 30cm, and can be filled with soil or fine sand with less particle size according to the actual treatment object, for example, the soil is more suitable for the growth of plants and the fine sand is less prone to blockage during wetland operation; the middle layer matrix Layer 7-2 has a thickness of 30cm, and the filling particle size is medium according to the object to be treated in the wetland For example, if the sewage to be treated contains a high level of ammonia nitrogen, more zeolite can be filled to enhance the removal effect, or if the phosphorus content in the sewage is high, steel slag, a phosphorus removal material, can also be considered; the lower matrix layer 7-3 Thickness 20cm, filling particle size is larger The matrix such as gravel, slag, etc., can also be filled with suitable matrix materials according to actual needs. The plants planted in the wetland treatment area 7 can be determined according to the objects to be treated in the constructed wetland, and the plants should be selected according to the local climate conditions.
集水管5位于湿地处理区7的后端,在组合湿地系统的出水面距湿地底0.3m处放置集水管5,根据湿地系统的出水量选择合适的管径,布水管上均匀打孔,同时出水收集区中填充填充粒径较大的基质,例如砾石、沸石等,保证湿地处理区的废水均匀流出。集水管5的进水面放置穿孔布水隔板,提高湿地处理区7的出水稳定性,不影响湿地处理区7的水流条件,穿孔布水隔板的开孔率在40-60%,孔眼大小为(视湿地和预加工湿地槽基质填料粒径而定)。The water collection pipe 5 is located at the rear end of the wetland treatment area 7, and the water collection pipe 5 is placed at a distance of 0.3m from the wetland bottom of the combined wetland system, and the appropriate pipe diameter is selected according to the water output of the wetland system, and holes are evenly drilled on the water distribution pipe, and at the same time The filling particle size in the effluent collection area is relatively large The matrix, such as gravel, zeolite, etc., ensures that the wastewater in the wetland treatment area flows out evenly. A perforated water distribution partition is placed on the water inlet surface of the water collection pipe 5 to improve the stability of the water outlet in the wetland treatment area 7 without affecting the water flow conditions in the wetland treatment area 7. for (Depending on the wetland and pre-processed wetland tank matrix filler particle size).
如图4所示,废水经湿地处理区7分离净化后,由集水管5汇入泄洪沟6排出。As shown in FIG. 4 , after the waste water is separated and purified by the wetland treatment area 7 , it is merged into the flood discharge ditch 6 by the water collection pipe 5 and discharged.
按照计算得知整个组合湿地系统的面积,例如按一个小区3000户,每户日均排放洗衣废水100L计算,需要建设总面积600m2的水平潜流人工湿地。湿地也可采用组合式分散布置。按照湿地规模用混凝土浇筑需要大小的湿地外墙,厚度和强度满足要求,并且在湿地底部和侧面外墙做好防渗措施。According to the calculation, the area of the entire combined wetland system is known. For example, if there are 3,000 households in a community, and each household discharges 100L of laundry wastewater per day, it is necessary to build a horizontal subsurface flow artificial wetland with a total area of 600m 2 . Wetlands can also be arranged in a combined and dispersed manner. According to the scale of the wetland, use concrete to pour the wetland outer wall of the required size, the thickness and strength meet the requirements, and take anti-seepage measures on the bottom and side outer walls of the wetland.
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CN109281371A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-29 | 北京朗新明环保科技有限公司 | A wastewater ecological treatment system for cold and arid regions |
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