CN104216007A - Spatial synchronization imaging processing method of two-dimensional vertical seismic profiles and three-dimensional ground surface data - Google Patents
Spatial synchronization imaging processing method of two-dimensional vertical seismic profiles and three-dimensional ground surface data Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104216007A CN104216007A CN201310219443.5A CN201310219443A CN104216007A CN 104216007 A CN104216007 A CN 104216007A CN 201310219443 A CN201310219443 A CN 201310219443A CN 104216007 A CN104216007 A CN 104216007A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- data
- dimensional surface
- imaging
- walkaway
- dimensional
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a spatial synchronization imaging processing method of two-dimensional vertical seismic profiles and three-dimensional ground surface data in petroleum geophysical exploration. The method include dividing grids, allowing Walkaway VSP imaging points to overlap with seismic data grids, reading the interval velocity along the Walkaway direction as a common interval velocity model for prestack depth migration, estimating the depth migration aperture, calculating the total travel time of data track positions, calculating own data of same step lengths downwardly, accumulating and imaging synchronously, and acquiring depth migration profiles and common imaging point gathers. By the aid of the method, synchronous imaging of integral-method prestack depth migration of Walkaway VSP data and three-dimensional ground surface seismic data in a three-dimensional space is implemented. The effective imaging range of the VSP data in the Walkaway observing manner is expanded, the imaging capability is compensated by utilizing the ground surface data, and the imaging effect of steep stratum is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to (VSP) exploration engineering of vertical seismic profiling (VSP) in geophysical prospecting for oil and surface seismic exploration technology, specifically the spatial synchronization formation method of a kind of second vertical earthquake section and three-dimensional ground data.
Technical background
Seismic prospecting adopts artificial excitation's seismic event to find underground mineral.By artificial excitation's seismic event, recording unit is used to obtain the data with seismic wave propagation change with corresponding observed pattern on earth's surface or down-hole.Use earth's surface focus and receiver to carry out seismic survey and be called three-dimensional surface seismic data in the data that three dimensions obtains.Use earth's surface epicenter excitation, process down-hole different depth using receiver record seismic signal obtain the subsurface information of near wellbore is called vertical seismic profiling (VSP) (VSP) exploration engineering.Utilize the data that above-mentioned two kinds of modes obtain, through data processing, obtain the image of subsurface geological structure.
Wendell Wiggins et al. (1986) is in spatial domain VSP data, and for the single inclination angle that imaging point is relevant, VSP-CDP conversion has similar result with the dip filtering of migration imaging.When the time same in VSP data occurring intersect lineups, VSP-CDP conversion can not to the imaging simultaneously of these lineups.VSP-CDP conversion is that the reflected wave field of VSP reconstructs (P.B.Dillon, 1984,1988) based on geometric reflected wave field under horizontal layer model.The simple rate pattern of VSP-CDP conversion requirements.The work of P.B.Dillon (1988) demonstrates: for complicated rate pattern, pre-stack depth migration can correctly imaging and VSP-CDP conversion be failed.M.Graziella Kirtland Grech et al. (2003) is on identical Migration velocity model, application ray tracing technique calculates shot point and geophone station whilst on tour, completes the anisotropy pre-stack depth migration joint imaging of surface seismic data and VSP geological data.
Walkway(, on the diverse location of ground straight line, carries out the mode of VSP observation) earthquake data acquisition is one of VSP exploration engineering.For same geologic body, adopting in the past usually surface seismic data and Walkaway VSP(on the diverse location of ground straight line, carried out the mode of VSP observation) data carry out integral method skew respectively, and the two result produces difference.Its main cause is: the error (such as: the reference field process of rate pattern, interpolation and smooth manner etc.) of the rate pattern algorithm that (1) uses.(2) ground data is different with the imaging aperture of Walkaway VSP data.Cause the error that the difference of the imaging capability to steep dip stratum of the two produces.(3) surface seismic data and Walkaway VSP data are in migration processing, the error that the difference due to method, parameter produces.(4) when the image after Walkaway VSP data-bias embeds surface seismic data image, due to the error that boundary effect (at migrated image boundary, due to the picture arc phenomenon that data volume deficiency occurs) produces.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide the difference of both a kind of minimizings result, reduces probabilistic second vertical earthquake section of tectonic structure image and the spatial synchronization image processing method of three-dimensional ground data.
Concrete steps of the present invention are as follows:
1) diverse location on the straight line of ground, use artificial earthquake-wave-exciting, in well, use wave detector to receive, obtain original Walkaway VSP shot gather data, by these data and three-dimensional ground seismic data process, be corrected on the datum surface of being specified by process parameter (as CMP face etc.);
Walkaway VSP data after step 1) process, correction are shot gather data, and three-dimensional surface seismic data is CMP road collection data.
2) according to the x of shot point, geophone station in Walkaway VSP data, y coordinate, divide according to three-dimensional ground seismic data grid, the imaging point position of Walkaway VSP data is overlapped with three-dimensional ground seismic data grid, if this position is not on the grid node of three-dimensional surface seismic data, returns on the grid node of nearest three-dimensional surface seismic data and lean on;
3) in the interval velocity body coming from three-dimensional surface seismic data, along Walkaway direction reading layer speed data, using the common interval velocity model of interval velocity data as Walkaway VSP data and three-dimensional surface seismic data Kichhoff integral pre-stack depth migration;
4) according to the zone of interest degree of depth and imaging angle, the pre-stack depth migration aperture of three-dimensional surface seismic data is obtained by filling in parameter, with the maximum well constraint inversion of the Walkaway VSP data maximum offset divided by the three-dimensional surface seismic data used in depth shift, be multiplied by the pre-stack depth migration aperture of three-dimensional surface seismic data again, estimate Walkaway VSP data depth migration aperture;
5) from the reference field at Walkaway VSP data place, when calculating each shot point position respectively to the walking of imaging point, when the geophone station position calculating different depth is respectively to the walking of imaging point, be added the seismic event obtained on Walkaway VSP data seismic trace correspondence position when shot point corresponding for each seismic trace, geophone station being walked when always walking;
During the walking of step 5) Walkaway VSP data, during the walking of account form and three-dimensional surface seismic data, account form is identical;
6) Imaging standard face elevation is obtained by filling in parameter, from this reference field, the downward step by step calculation of Walkaway VSP data and three-dimensional surface seismic data;
7) respective data are progressively calculated with three-dimensional surface seismic data downwards with identical step-length to Walkaway VSP data, subsurface grid point realizes synchronous cumulative;
Spatially, if the data position that step 7) calculates is outside the position of the continuation wave field of Walkaway VSP data, the data then calculated by three-dimensional surface seismic are as output wave field, otherwise the data that the data calculate Walkaway VSP and three-dimensional surface seismic calculate are weighted stacking data as a result spatially;
In the degree of depth, if the degree of depth of data that step 7) calculates is less than or equal to the minimum-depth of the data that Walkaway VSP calculates, then the data calculated by three-dimensional surface seismic as a result; Otherwise weighted stacking is as a result in the degree of depth for the data that the data calculated by WalkawayVSP and three-dimensional surface seismic calculate;
Above-mentioned weighted stacking function is the COS function of independent variable with well constraint inversion (distance of well track and shot point) and the ratio of maximum well constraint inversion.
8) to Walkaway VSP data and three-dimensional surface seismic data Kichhoff integral pre-stack depth migration at three dimensions synchronous imaging, obtain depth shift section and the common imaging gather in Walkaway direction.
Present invention achieves the Kichhoff integral pre-stack depth migration of Walkaway VSP data and three-dimensional surface seismic data at three-dimensional synchronous imaging.Its effective areas imaging of VSP data augmentation to Walkaway observed pattern, and utilize its imaging capability of the information compensation of ground data, improve the imaging effect to steep dip stratum.
The present invention can reduce Walkaway VSP data and three-dimensional surface seismic data when offseting respectively, the error that the difference due to parameter produces; Reduce the uncertainty of geologic image.
At the Walkaway VSP imaging region of output image of the present invention, remain the frequency band feature that Walkaway VSP Data Data processes separately, along with imaging region data imaging district expansion earthward, the impact of Walkaway VSP data imaging weakens gradually, and output image shows as the frequency band feature of ground data imaging gradually.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that Walkaway VSP data of the present invention and three-dimensional surface seismic data are at three dimensions synchronous imaging
After image.
Embodiment
The present invention includes: (1) any direction Walkaway VSP data three-dimensional Mesh Fitting.(2) the three-dimension layer rate pattern along Walkaway direction extracts.(3) the Walkaway VSP data-bias orifice size calculation technology observed based on three-dimensional surface seismic data designs with when walking.(4) continuation of Walkaway VSP reference field and three-dimensional surface seismic data synchronous integration summation technology.
Its concrete implementation step of the present invention is:
1) diverse location on the straight line of ground, use artificial earthquake-wave-exciting, in well, use wave detector to receive, obtain original Walkaway VSP shot gather data, by these data and three-dimensional ground seismic data process, be corrected on the datum surface of being specified by process parameter (as CMP face etc.);
Walkaway VSP data after step 1) process, correction are shot gather data, and three-dimensional surface seismic data is CMP road collection data.
2) according to the x of shot point, geophone station in Walkaway VSP data, y coordinate, divide according to three-dimensional ground seismic data grid, sizing grid after division can be consistent with the sizing grid in ground data process, such as: 15 meters, 25 meters etc., the imaging point position of Walkaway VSP data is overlapped with three-dimensional ground seismic data grid, if this position is not on the grid node of three-dimensional surface seismic data, returns on the grid node of nearest three-dimensional surface seismic data and lean on;
3) in the interval velocity body coming from three-dimensional surface seismic data, along Walkaway direction reading layer speed data, using the common interval velocity model of interval velocity data as Walkaway VSP data and three-dimensional surface seismic data Kichhoff integral pre-stack depth migration; 4) according to the zone of interest degree of depth and imaging angle, the pre-stack depth migration aperture of three-dimensional surface seismic data is obtained by filling in parameter, with the maximum well constraint inversion of the Walkaway VSP data maximum offset divided by the three-dimensional surface seismic data used in depth shift, be multiplied by the pre-stack depth migration aperture of three-dimensional surface seismic data again, estimate Walkaway VSP data depth migration aperture, such as: 5000m, 6000 meters etc.; 5) during the walking of Walkaway VSP data, account form is: from the reference field at Walkaway VSP data place, when calculating each shot point position respectively to the walking of imaging point, and when the geophone station position calculating different depth is respectively to the walking of imaging point, be added the seismic event obtained on Walkaway VSP data seismic trace correspondence position when shot point corresponding for seismic trace, geophone station being walked when always walking.
During the walking of three-dimensional surface seismic data, account form is: when calculating each geophone station position on each shot point position on ground to during the walking of imaging point and ground respectively to the walking of imaging point, when when both being walked, the addition seismic event obtained on three-dimensional ground data seismic trace correspondence position is always walked.
During the walking of Walkaway VSP data, during the walking of account form and three-dimensional surface seismic data, account form is identical.
6) Imaging standard face elevation is obtained by filling in parameter, such as, 0 meter, 1000 meters, 2000 meters etc., from this reference field, the downward step by step calculation of Walkaway VSP data and three-dimensional surface seismic data;
7) 7) respective data are progressively calculated with three-dimensional surface seismic data downwards with identical step-length to Walkaway VSP data, subsurface grid point realizes synchronous cumulative;
Spatially, if the 7th) the data position that calculates of step is outside the position of the continuation wave field of Walkaway VSP data, the data then calculated by three-dimensional surface seismic are as output wave field, otherwise the data that the data calculate Walkaway VSP and three-dimensional surface seismic calculate are weighted stacking data as a result spatially;
In the degree of depth, if the 7th) degree of depth of data that calculates of step is less than or equal to the minimum-depth of the data that Walkaway VSP calculates, then and the data calculated by three-dimensional surface seismic are as a result; Otherwise weighted stacking is as a result in the degree of depth for the data that the data calculated by WalkawayVSP and three-dimensional surface seismic calculate.Be the COS function of independent variable as Fig. 1 weighting function is designed to the ratio of well constraint inversion (distance of well track and shot point) and maximum well constraint inversion.
Claims (4)
1. a spatial synchronization image processing method for second vertical earthquake section and three-dimensional ground data, feature is that concrete steps are as follows:
1) diverse location on the straight line of ground, use artificial earthquake-wave-exciting, in well, use wave detector to receive, obtain original Walkaway VSP shot gather data, by these data and three-dimensional ground seismic data process, be corrected on the datum surface of being specified by process parameter;
2) according to the x of shot point, geophone station in Walkaway VSP data, y coordinate, divide according to three-dimensional ground seismic data grid, the imaging point position of Walkaway VSP data is overlapped with three-dimensional ground seismic data grid, if this position is not on the grid node of three-dimensional surface seismic data, returns on the grid node of nearest three-dimensional surface seismic data and lean on;
3) from the interval velocity body coming from three-dimensional surface seismic data, along Walkaway direction reading layer speed data, using the common interval velocity model of interval velocity data as Walkaway VSP data and three-dimensional surface seismic data Kichhoff integral pre-stack depth migration;
4) according to the zone of interest degree of depth and imaging angle, the pre-stack depth migration aperture of three-dimensional surface seismic data is obtained by filling in parameter, with the maximum well constraint inversion of the Walkaway VSP data maximum offset divided by the three-dimensional surface seismic data used in depth shift, be multiplied by the pre-stack depth migration aperture of three-dimensional surface seismic data again, estimate Walkaway VSP data depth migration aperture;
5) from the reference field at Walkaway VSP data place, when calculating each shot point position respectively to the walking of imaging point, when the geophone station position calculating different depth is respectively to the walking of imaging point, be added the seismic event obtained on Walkaway VSP data seismic trace correspondence position when shot point corresponding for seismic trace, geophone station being walked when always walking;
6) Imaging standard face elevation is obtained by filling in parameter, from this reference field, the downward step by step calculation of Walkaway VSP data and three-dimensional surface seismic data;
7) respective data are progressively calculated with three-dimensional surface seismic data downwards with identical step-length to Walkaway VSP data, subsurface grid point realizes synchronous cumulative;
Spatially, if the 7th) the data position that calculates of step is outside the position of the continuation wave field of Walkaway VSP data, the data then calculated by three-dimensional surface seismic are as output wave field, otherwise the data that the data calculate Walkaway VSP and three-dimensional surface seismic calculate are weighted stacking data as a result spatially;
In the degree of depth, if the degree of depth of data that step 7) calculates is less than or equal to the minimum-depth of the data that Walkaway VSP calculates, then the data calculated by three-dimensional surface seismic as a result; Otherwise weighted stacking is as a result in the degree of depth for the data that the data calculated by WalkawayVSP and three-dimensional surface seismic calculate;
8) to Walkaway VSP data and three-dimensional surface seismic data Kichhoff integral pre-stack depth migration at three dimensions synchronous imaging, obtain depth shift section and the common imaging gather in Walkaway direction.
2. method according to claim 1, feature be step 1) process, correct after WalkawayVSP data be shot gather data, three-dimensional surface seismic data is CMP road collection data.
3. method according to claim 1, when feature is walking of step 5) Walkaway VSP data, during the walking of account form and three-dimensional surface seismic data, account form is identical.
4. method according to claim 1, feature is the COS function that the function of step 7) weighted stacking is independent variable with the ratio of well constraint inversion and maximum well constraint inversion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310219443.5A CN104216007B (en) | 2013-06-05 | 2013-06-05 | Spatial synchronization imaging processing method of two-dimensional vertical seismic profiles and three-dimensional ground surface data |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310219443.5A CN104216007B (en) | 2013-06-05 | 2013-06-05 | Spatial synchronization imaging processing method of two-dimensional vertical seismic profiles and three-dimensional ground surface data |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104216007A true CN104216007A (en) | 2014-12-17 |
| CN104216007B CN104216007B (en) | 2017-05-03 |
Family
ID=52097702
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310219443.5A Active CN104216007B (en) | 2013-06-05 | 2013-06-05 | Spatial synchronization imaging processing method of two-dimensional vertical seismic profiles and three-dimensional ground surface data |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104216007B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107678058A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-02-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of imaging method and device |
| CN110907995A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-24 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Reverse time migration method and device for VSP seismic data in well |
| CN111257946A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Geophysical drilling guiding method and method for updating stratum seismic velocity |
| CN111624648A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-04 | 中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司 | Pre-stack depth migration method for variable offset VSP integral in undulating surface |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5596548A (en) * | 1994-05-12 | 1997-01-21 | Exxon Production Research Company | Seismic imaging using wave equation extrapolation |
| US6826483B1 (en) * | 1999-10-13 | 2004-11-30 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Petroleum reservoir simulation and characterization system and method |
| CN1886678A (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2006-12-27 | 贝克休斯公司 | Vector 3-component 3-dimensional kirchhoff prestack migration |
| CN101071175A (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2007-11-14 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | Zero hypocentral distance vertical seismic section compressional-shear wave data depth field corridor stacked section processing method |
-
2013
- 2013-06-05 CN CN201310219443.5A patent/CN104216007B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5596548A (en) * | 1994-05-12 | 1997-01-21 | Exxon Production Research Company | Seismic imaging using wave equation extrapolation |
| US6826483B1 (en) * | 1999-10-13 | 2004-11-30 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Petroleum reservoir simulation and characterization system and method |
| CN1886678A (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2006-12-27 | 贝克休斯公司 | Vector 3-component 3-dimensional kirchhoff prestack migration |
| CN101071175A (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2007-11-14 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | Zero hypocentral distance vertical seismic section compressional-shear wave data depth field corridor stacked section processing method |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| AMAL RAY ET.AL: "acquisition of 2D walkaway VSP data to improve imaging of Thunder Horse North Field,Gulf of Mexico", 《THE LEADING EDGE》 * |
| 姚忠瑞等: "多方位walk-away VSP处理方法", 《石油物探》 * |
| 王云宏: "斜井VSP速度分析与成像方法研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 基础科学辑》 * |
| 谢万学等: "井孔与地面地震数据联合反演方法综述", 《勘探地球物理进展》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107678058A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-02-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of imaging method and device |
| CN110907995A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-24 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Reverse time migration method and device for VSP seismic data in well |
| CN110907995B (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2021-04-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Reverse time migration method and device for VSP seismic data in well |
| CN111257946A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Geophysical drilling guiding method and method for updating stratum seismic velocity |
| CN111624648A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-04 | 中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司 | Pre-stack depth migration method for variable offset VSP integral in undulating surface |
| CN111624648B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2022-04-01 | 中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司 | Pre-stack depth migration method for variable offset VSP integral in undulating surface |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104216007B (en) | 2017-05-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US9759826B2 (en) | System and method for generating an implicit model of geological horizons | |
| CN102967882B (en) | The modeling method of the interval velocity model on stratum | |
| Malehmir et al. | Planning of urban underground infrastructure using a broadband seismic landstreamer—Tomography results and uncertainty quantifications from a case study in southwestern Sweden | |
| CN103809216B (en) | A kind of resistivity data is combined speed with geological data and is built field method | |
| CN104133245A (en) | Seismic data static correction method and system | |
| CN104216009B (en) | A kind of method of inclined shaft three-dimensional perpendicular seismic profile time migration | |
| CN101738636B (en) | Multiwave union deflection imaging method of three-dimensional VSP Gaussian beam method | |
| CN104216007B (en) | Spatial synchronization imaging processing method of two-dimensional vertical seismic profiles and three-dimensional ground surface data | |
| Moscatelli et al. | Integrated geological and geophysical investigations to characterize the anthropic layer of the Palatine hill and Roman Forum (Rome, Italy) | |
| Travelletti et al. | Mass movement characterization using a reflexion and refraction seismic survey with the sloping local base level concept | |
| Haberland et al. | Architecture and tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the intramontane Baza Basin (Bétics, SE-Spain): Constraints from seismic imaging | |
| Imposa et al. | Applying geophysical techniques to investigate a segment of a creeping fault in the urban area of San Gregorio di Catania, southern flank of Mt. Etna (Sicily—Italy) | |
| Zajc et al. | Structural–geological and karst feature investigations of the limestone–flysch thrust-fault contact using low-frequency ground penetrating radar (Adria–Dinarides thrust zone, SW Slovenia) | |
| Kammann et al. | Deep onshore reflection seismic imaging of the chalk group strata using a 45 kg accelerated weight-drop and combined recording systems with dense receiver spacing | |
| CN109444959A (en) | Full range high-precision interval velocity field method for building up | |
| CN102565852B (en) | Angle domain pre-stack offset data processing method aiming to detect oil-gas-bearing property of reservoir | |
| CN106125139A (en) | A kind of D seismic modeling method and system | |
| CN104216013B (en) | The method of C3 coherent body based on wide-azimuth data | |
| CN102866422A (en) | Depth domain geological entity model generation method | |
| LONG et al. | Seismic geothermal resource exploration based on CPU/GPU collaborative parallel prestack time migration | |
| Martelli et al. | Main geologic factors controlling site response during the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake | |
| CN102914790B (en) | Observing system method for primary collection of two-dimensional observing system and three-dimensional observing system | |
| Bruno | High-resolution seismic imaging in complex environments: A comparison among common-reflection-surface stack, common-midpoint stack, and prestack depth migration at the Ilva-Bagnoli brownfield site, Campi Flegrei, Italy | |
| CN112162323B (en) | Underground bad geological survey method and system based on artificial field source frequency domain electrical method | |
| Priya et al. | Building 3D subsurface models and mapping depth to weathered rock in Chennai, South India |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |