CN102866422A - Depth domain geological entity model generation method - Google Patents
Depth domain geological entity model generation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102866422A CN102866422A CN2012103312612A CN201210331261A CN102866422A CN 102866422 A CN102866422 A CN 102866422A CN 2012103312612 A CN2012103312612 A CN 2012103312612A CN 201210331261 A CN201210331261 A CN 201210331261A CN 102866422 A CN102866422 A CN 102866422A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a depth domain geological entity model generation method. The method comprises the following steps of: constructing a time domain geological entity model and a time domain speed model corresponding to the time domain geological entity model; extracting the horizon-oriented speed from the time domain speed model according to the time domain geological model; calculating each common central point and depth information of each horizon layer by layer; and generating a depth domain geological entity model according to the common central points and the depth information.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Depth Domain solid models of geological entities generation method, relate in particular to a kind of Depth Domain solid models of geological entities generation method for the oil seismic exploration field of information processing.
Background technology
In the seismic prospecting process, people can obtain the seismic event of artificial earthquake (explosive charge or hammering excite) generation at the signal of underground reflection and refraction by wave detector on ground, and marking wave arrives the time of each geophone station of ground.Process and analyze by the seismic signal that wave detector is obtained, can infer the geological formations character and form that the earth's surface is following.
By the 3-D seismics geophysical prospecting method, people can obtain the time domain solid models of geological entities.This solid model has reflected layer position and the tomography three-dimensional topology structure in time-based territory.
But, the time domain solid models of geological entities can not intuitively reflect layer position and the tomography topological structure that the earth's surface is following, in process of seismic data processing, we need to be converted to the time domain solid models of geological entities Depth Domain solid models of geological entities, with layer position and the tomography three-dimensional topology structure below the reflection directly perceived earth's surface.
At present, the research that the Depth Domain solid models of geological entities makes up is the frontier nature research topic in the geophysical prospecting for oil field, has obtained certain achievement, mainly concentrates on following two aspects.
First aspect carries out obtaining the Depth Domain solid models of geological entities along the sequence interpolate value for the depth information that obtains by well-log information.The method advantage is that vertical Depth Domain layer position information at wellhole place is accurate, but because the well point is few, and lateral resolution is low, and transverse precision is low, layer position horizontal change is inaccurate.If the raising transverse precision then needs more wellhole, increase and measure cost.
Second aspect is for obtaining the Depth Domain geologic section by the seismic channel set data being carried out depth shift, pick up Depth Domain layer position, fault information according to the Depth Domain geologic section again, the layer position fault information of a plurality of Depth Domain sections is carried out interpolation, can obtain the Depth Domain solid models of geological entities.The advantage of this kind method is that transverse precision is higher, and shortcoming is because depth shift is consuming time and flow process is complicated.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in view of the above problems and proposes, and its purpose is to provide that to make up flow process simple, and transverse velocity is asked for the precision height, can be good at being applicable to the Depth Domain solid models of geological entities generation method in the software implementing course of depth shift modeling.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of Depth Domain solid models of geological entities generation method, the method may further comprise the steps: make up time domain solid models of geological entities and the time domain rate pattern corresponding with this time domain solid models of geological entities; According to described geological model in time domain, from described time domain rate pattern, extract along interval velocity; Successively calculate each common midpoint, every one deck bit depth information; Generate the Depth Domain solid models of geological entities according to described common midpoint and described depth information.
Preferably, from described time domain rate pattern, extracting along in the step of interval velocity, also comprising for what obtain and carry out the step of smoothing processing along interval velocity.
Wherein, described common midpoint calculates according to following formula,
S＝V*T/2
Wherein, S is the degree of depth, and V is speed, and T is two-way travel time.
Preferably, in the step of calculating every one deck bit depth information, depth information calculates according to following formula,
Z
n＝Z
n-1+V
n(T
n-T
n-1)/2
Wherein, Z
nBe the degree of depth of n layer, Z
N-1Be the degree of depth of n-1 layer, V
nBe Z
nAnd Z
N-1Between speed, T
n-T
N-1Be Z
nAnd Z
N-1Between two-way travel time poor.
Because the present invention is based on time domain solid models of geological entities and corresponding time domain body of velocity structure Depth Domain solid models of geological entities, therefore compared with prior art, it is simple to make up flow process, transverse precision is higher.Adopt the present invention can in the oil seismic exploration process, bring into play further positive role.
Description of drawings
By the description of carrying out below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing that an example exemplarily is shown, above and other purpose of the present invention and characteristics will become apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 is according to layer of the present invention position and tomography synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram according to Depth Domain solid models of geological entities generation method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below, be described in detail for Depth Domain solid models of geological entities generation method provided by the invention by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is according to layer of the present invention position and tomography synoptic diagram.The embodiment of Fig. 1 has made up a geologic model with a trap-down and a trap-up, for convenience of description, takes out a section from the time domain solid models of geological entities, shows layer position and the FAULT MODEL of this model based on this section.Among Fig. 1, H
0, H
1, H
2, H
3, H
4, H
5The presentation layer position, F
1And F
2Represent respectively tomography.Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram according to Depth Domain solid models of geological entities generation method of the present invention.
For the geological model in time domain among Fig. 1, Depth Domain geologic model construction step of the present invention is as follows.
In step S1, make up time domain solid models of geological entities and the time domain rate pattern corresponding with this time domain solid models of geological entities.
Described time domain solid models of geological entities and the construction method of corresponding time domain rate pattern can the whole bag of tricks of the prior art with it is not described in detail in this.
At step S2,, from described time domain rate pattern, extract along interval velocity the layer position H of Fig. 1 according to described geological model in time domain
1, H
2, H
3, H
4, H
5Be respectively V along interval velocity
1, V
2, V
3, V
4, V
5
Wherein, described time domain rate pattern is a body of velocity that draws by conversion, and every one deck has identical speed, is the body of velocity of a stratiform therefore.Be to explain the layer position of delineating out time domain by the section layer position, pre-stack time migration territory of time domain first along the extraction of interval velocity, again the rate pattern of time domain scanned, draw thus on every one deck along interval velocity.
Preferably, in described step S2, also comprise for described and carry out level and smooth step along interval velocity.Carry out level and smooth purpose along interval velocity and be for described, improve surveying accuracy, therefore need in the horizontal for carrying out smoothly along interval velocity.Smoothing method can adopt the whole bag of tricks of the prior art for the method for carrying out smoothing processing along interval velocity, for example can adopt by the orientation and seek a little the horizontal smoothing method of interval velocity, as long as can fully reflect the real variation tendency of interval velocity.
Then, in step S3, successively calculate each common midpoint and every one deck bit depth information.
Wherein, described common midpoint (CMP) calculates by following mathematical expression 1.
[mathematical expression 1]
S＝V*T/2
In above-mentioned formula, S is the degree of depth, and V is speed, and T is two-way travel time (two-way travel time).
And the depth information of every one deck position calculates by following mathematical expression 2.
[mathematical expression 2]
Z
n＝Z
n-1+V
n(T
n-T
n-1)/2
Wherein, Z
nBe the degree of depth (n is positive integer) of n layer, Z
N-1Be the degree of depth of n-1 layer, V
nBe Z
nAnd Z
N-1Between speed, T
n-T
N-1Be Z
nAnd Z
N-1Between two-way travel time poor.
For example, at first calculate the ground floor degree of depth according to mathematical expression 2, that is, and Z
1=Z+Z
1(Z
1-Z
0), at this moment, because the degree of depth and time of surface layer is 0, so the degree of depth of ground floor can be expressed as Z
1=V
1T
1Next, at the degree of depth Z of ground floor (H1)
1The basis on, according to H
2To H
5Time and speed, successively calculate and obtain respectively H
2, H
3, H
4, H
5The degree of depth: Z
2, Z
3, Z
4, Z
5
At step S4, according to the H that obtains
1To H
5Depth data information, according to the geologic structure information of time domain, with the joining direct connection of layer position and tomography, can access thus Depth Domain geologic structure information, thereby finally obtain the Depth Domain solid models of geological entities.
It is simple that the present invention makes up flow process, and transverse velocity is asked for the precision height, can be good at being applicable in the software implementing course of depth shift modeling.In the day by day perfect situation of migration imaging algorithm now, the effect of the correct and accuracy affects migration imaging that rate pattern makes up.Easy accurate model construction is the key of rate pattern structure again, so the present invention has a good application prospect.
Although represented and described some embodiments of the present invention, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the situation that does not break away from the principle of the present invention that limited its scope by claim and equivalent thereof and spirit, can make amendment to these embodiment.
Claims (4)
1. a Depth Domain solid models of geological entities generation method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Make up time domain solid models of geological entities and the time domain rate pattern corresponding with this time domain solid models of geological entities;
According to described geological model in time domain, from described time domain rate pattern, extract along interval velocity;
Successively calculate each common midpoint, every one deck bit depth information;
Generate the Depth Domain solid models of geological entities according to described common midpoint and described depth information.
2. Depth Domain solid models of geological entities generation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that extracting along in the step of interval velocity from described time domain rate pattern, also comprises for what obtain carrying out the step of smoothing processing along interval velocity.
3. Depth Domain solid models of geological entities generation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described common midpoint calculates according to following formula,
S＝V*T/2
Wherein, S is the degree of depth, and V is speed, and T is two-way travel time.
4. Depth Domain solid models of geological entities generation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step of calculating every one deck bit depth information, depth information calculates according to following formula,
Z
n＝Z
n-1+V
n(T
n-T
n-1)/2
Wherein, Z
nBe the degree of depth of n layer, Z
N-1Be the degree of depth of n-1 layer, V
nBe Z
nAnd Z
N-1Between speed, T
n-T
N-1Be Z
nAnd Z
N-1Between two-way travel time poor.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104597496A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-06 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司地球物理勘探公司 | Three-dimensional space homing method for speed in two-dimensional seismic data |
| CN104865597A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2015-08-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Modeling method of depth domain interval velocity initial model |
| CN105572728A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-05-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Reverse illumination speed inversion method based on least-square objective functional |
| CN108693556A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2018-10-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of rate smoothing method and system of structure constraint |
| CN110058306A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Determine the method, apparatus and computer storage medium of three-dimensional velocity body |
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| CN106646601B (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2018-07-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The shallow mid-deep strata three-dimensional Q body method for building up of multi information joint constraint |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104865597A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2015-08-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Modeling method of depth domain interval velocity initial model |
| CN105572728A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-05-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Reverse illumination speed inversion method based on least-square objective functional |
| CN104597496A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-06 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司地球物理勘探公司 | Three-dimensional space homing method for speed in two-dimensional seismic data |
| CN104597496B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-08-25 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司地球物理勘探公司 | A kind of three dimensions method for homing of 2-d seismic data medium velocity |
| CN108693556A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2018-10-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of rate smoothing method and system of structure constraint |
| CN110058306A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Determine the method, apparatus and computer storage medium of three-dimensional velocity body |
| CN110058306B (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method, apparatus and computer storage medium for determining three-dimensional velocity volume |
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Effective date of registration: 20180129 Address after: 072751 Zhuozhou, Baoding, Fan Yang Road West, No. 189 Patentee after: Dongfang Geophysical Exploration Co., Ltd., China Petrochemical Corp. Address before: 610213 No. 1, No. 1, No. 1, Huayang Avenue, Huayang Town, Shuangliu County, Chengdu, Sichuan Patentee before: China National Petroleum Corporation Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Geophysical Exploration Company Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20200918 Address after: 100007 Beijing, Dongzhimen, North Street, No. 9, No. Patentee after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Patentee after: BGP Inc., China National Petroleum Corp. Address before: 072751 Zhuozhou, Baoding, Fan Yang Road West, No. 189 Patentee before: BGP Inc., China National Petroleum Corp. |