CN102866422B - A kind of depth domain geological entity model generation method - Google Patents
A kind of depth domain geological entity model generation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102866422B CN102866422B CN201210331261.2A CN201210331261A CN102866422B CN 102866422 B CN102866422 B CN 102866422B CN 201210331261 A CN201210331261 A CN 201210331261A CN 102866422 B CN102866422 B CN 102866422B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of depth domain geological entity model generation method, and the method comprises the following steps: build time domain solid models of geological entities and the time domain rate pattern corresponding with this time domain solid models of geological entities; According to described geological model in time domain, extract along interval velocity from described time domain rate pattern; Successively calculate each common midpoint, every one deck bit depth information; Depth domain geological entity model is generated according to described common midpoint and described depth information.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of depth domain geological entity model generation method, particularly relate to a kind of depth domain geological entity model generation method for oil seismic exploration field of information processing.
Background technology
In seismic prospecting process, people obtain seismic event that artificial earthquake (explosive charge or hammering excite) the produces signal in subsurface reflective and refraction on ground by wave detector, and marking wave arrives the time of each geophone station in ground.Process by the seismic signal obtained wave detector and analyze, the geological formations character and form on below earth's surface can be inferred.
By 3-D seismics geophysical prospecting method, people can obtain time domain solid models of geological entities.This solid model reflects layer position based on time domain and tomography three dimensional topology.
But, time domain solid models of geological entities intuitively can not reflect layer position and the tomography topological structure on below earth's surface, in process of seismic data processing, we need time domain solid models of geological entities to be converted to depth domain geological entity model, intuitively to reflect layer position and the tomography three dimensional topology on below earth's surface.
At present, the research that depth domain geological entity model builds is the frontier nature research topic in field of petroleum geophysical exploration, achieves certain achievement, mainly concentrates on following two aspects.
First aspect is that the depth information obtained by well-log information carries out obtaining depth domain geological entity model along sequence interpolate value.The method advantage is that longitudinal Depth Domain layer position information at wellhole place is accurate, but due to well point few, lateral resolution is low, and transverse precision is low, and layer position horizontal change is inaccurate.If raising transverse precision, then need more wellhole, increase and measure cost.
Second aspect is for obtaining Depth Domain geologic section by carrying out depth shift to seismic channel set data, again according to Depth Domain geologic section pickup Depth Domain layer position, fault information, the layer position fault information of multiple Depth Domain section is carried out interpolation, can depth domain geological entity model be obtained.The advantage of this kind of method is that transverse precision is higher, and shortcoming is because depth shift is consuming time and flow process complicated.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes in view of the above problems, its object is to provide build flow process simply, and it is high that transverse velocity asks for precision, can be good at the depth domain geological entity model generation method be applicable in the software implementing course of depth shift modeling.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of depth domain geological entity model generation method, the method comprises the following steps: build time domain solid models of geological entities and the time domain rate pattern corresponding with this time domain solid models of geological entities; According to described geological model in time domain, extract along interval velocity from described time domain rate pattern; Successively calculate each common midpoint, every one deck bit depth information; Depth domain geological entity model is generated according to described common midpoint and described depth information.
Preferably, extracting along in the step of interval velocity from described time domain rate pattern, also comprising the step along the smoothing process of interval velocity for obtaining.
Wherein, described common midpoint according to following formulae discovery,
S＝V*T/2
Wherein, S is the degree of depth, and V is speed, and T is two-way travel time.
Preferably, calculate every one deck bit depth information step in, depth information according to following formulae discovery,
Z
n＝Z
n-1+V
n(T
n-T
n-1)/2
Wherein, Z
nfor the degree of depth of n-th layer, Z
n-1be the degree of depth of (n-1)th layer, V
nfor Z
nand Z
n-1between speed, T
n-T
n-1for Z
nand Z
n-1between two-way travel time poor.
Because the time domain body of velocity that the present invention is based on time domain solid models of geological entities and correspondence builds depth domain geological entity model, therefore compared with prior art, build flow process simple, transverse precision is higher.Adopt the present invention can play further positive role in oil seismic exploration process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By below in conjunction with exemplarily illustrating the description that the accompanying drawing of an example carries out, above and other object of the present invention and feature will become apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 is according to layer position of the present invention and tomography schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram according to depth domain geological entity model generation method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below, by reference to the accompanying drawings depth domain geological entity model generation method provided by the invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is according to layer position of the present invention and tomography schematic diagram.The embodiment of Fig. 1 constructs the geologic model that has a trap-down and a trap-up, for convenience of description, takes out a section, show layer position and the FAULT MODEL of this model based on this section from time domain solid models of geological entities.In Fig. 1, H
0, H
1, H
2, H
3, H
4, H
5presentation layer position, F
1and F
2represent tomography respectively.Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram according to depth domain geological entity model generation method of the present invention.
For the geological model in time domain in Fig. 1, Depth Domain geologic model construction step of the present invention is as follows.
In step sl, time domain solid models of geological entities and the time domain rate pattern corresponding with this time domain solid models of geological entities is built.
The construction method of described time domain solid models of geological entities and time domain rate pattern corresponding with it can various method of the prior art, is not described in detail in this.
In step S2, according to described geological model in time domain, extract along interval velocity from described time domain rate pattern, the layer position H of Fig. 1
1, H
2, H
3, H
4, H
5be respectively V along interval velocity
1, V
2, V
3, V
4, V
5.
Wherein, described time domain rate pattern is that every one deck has identical speed, is therefore the body of velocity of a stratiform by changing the body of velocity drawn.Extraction along interval velocity first explains by the section layer position, pre-stack time migration territory of time domain the layer position sketching out time domain, then scan the rate pattern of time domain, draw thus on every one deck along interval velocity.
Preferably, also comprise in described step S2 for the described step smoothing along interval velocity.The described object smoothing along interval velocity is, improves surveying accuracy, therefore need in the horizontal for smoothing along interval velocity.Various method of the prior art can be adopted for the method along the smoothing process of interval velocity, such as, can adopt and seek the horizontal smoothing method of interval velocity a little, as long as smoothing method fully can reflect the real variation tendency of interval velocity by orientation.
Then, in step s3, each common midpoint and every one deck bit depth information is successively calculated.
Wherein, described common midpoint (CMP) is calculated by following mathematical expression 1.
[mathematical expression 1]
S＝V*T/2
In above-mentioned formula, S is the degree of depth, and V is speed, and T is two-way travel time (two-waytraveltime).
And the depth information of every one deck position is calculated by following mathematical expression 2.
[mathematical expression 2]
Z
n＝Z
n-1+V
n(T
n-T
n-1)/2
Wherein, Z
nfor the degree of depth (n is positive integer) of n-th layer, Z
n-1be the degree of depth of (n-1)th layer, V
nfor Z
nand Z
n-1between speed, T
n-T
n-1for Z
nand Z
n-1between two-way travel time poor.
Such as, first the ground floor degree of depth, that is, Z is calculated according to mathematical expression 2
1=Z+Z
1(Z
1-Z
0), now, because the degree of depth of surface layer and time are 0, therefore the degree of depth of ground floor can be expressed as Z
1=V
1t
1; Next, at the degree of depth Z of ground floor (H1)
1basis on, according to H
2to H
5time and speed, successively calculate and obtain H respectively
2, H
3, H
4, H
5the degree of depth: Z
2, Z
3, Z
4, Z
5.
In step S4, according to the H obtained
1to H
5depth data information, according to the geologic structure information of time domain, by the joining direct connection of layer position and tomography, Depth Domain geologic structure information can be obtained thus, thus finally obtain depth domain geological entity model.
It is simple that the present invention builds flow process, and it is high that transverse velocity asks for precision, can be good at being applicable in the software implementing course of depth shift modeling.When migration imaging algorithm is day by day perfect now, the correct and precision that rate pattern builds directly affects the effect of migration imaging.Easy accurate model construction again rate pattern build key, therefore the present invention has a good application prospect.
Although show and describe some embodiments of the present invention, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that when not departing from by the principle of the present invention of claim and its scope of equivalents thereof and spirit, can modify to these embodiments.
Claims (3)
1. a depth domain geological entity model generation method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Build time domain solid models of geological entities and the time domain rate pattern corresponding with this time domain solid models of geological entities;
According to described time domain solid models of geological entities, extract along interval velocity from described time domain rate pattern;
Each common midpoint is successively calculated, every one deck bit depth information according to order from the superficial to the deep;
Depth domain geological entity model is generated according to described common midpoint and described depth information,
Wherein, described along in the extraction of interval velocity, first explain by the section layer position, pre-stack time migration territory of time domain the layer position sketching out time domain, then the rate pattern of time domain scanned, obtain thus on every one deck along interval velocity,
And, calculate every one deck bit depth information step in, depth information according to following formulae discovery,
Z
n＝Z
n-1+V
n(T
n-T
n-1)/2
Wherein, Z
nfor the degree of depth of n-th layer, Z
n-1be the degree of depth of (n-1)th layer, V
nfor Z
nand Z
n-1between speed, T
n-T
n-1for Z
nand Z
n-1between two-way travel time poor.
2. depth domain geological entity model generation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that extracting along in the step of interval velocity from described time domain rate pattern, also comprises the step along the smoothing process of interval velocity for obtaining.
3. depth domain geological entity model generation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described common midpoint according to following formulae discovery,
S＝V*T/2
Wherein, S is the degree of depth, and V is speed, and T is two-way travel time.
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| CN106646601A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Establishing method for three-dimensional Q body of shallow, medium and deep layers based on multi-information joint constraint |
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| CN104865597A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2015-08-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Modeling method of depth domain interval velocity initial model |
| CN105572728A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-05-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Reverse illumination speed inversion method based on least-square objective functional |
| CN104597496B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-08-25 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司地球物理勘探公司 | A kind of three dimensions method for homing of 2-d seismic data medium velocity |
| CN108693556B (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2019-08-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of rate smoothing method and system of structure constraint |
| CN110058306B (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method, apparatus and computer storage medium for determining three-dimensional velocity volume |
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| CN101661112B (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2011-12-07 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Accurate seismic structure imaging method |
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| CN106646601A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Establishing method for three-dimensional Q body of shallow, medium and deep layers based on multi-information joint constraint |
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Effective date of registration: 20180129 Address after: 072751 Zhuozhou, Baoding, Fan Yang Road West, No. 189 Patentee after: BGP INC., CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Address before: 610213 No. 1, No. 1, No. 1, Huayang Avenue, Huayang Town, Shuangliu County, Chengdu, Sichuan Patentee before: GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION COMPANY OF CNPC CHUANQING DRILLING ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20200918 Address after: 100007 Beijing, Dongzhimen, North Street, No. 9, No. Patentee after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Patentee after: BGP Inc., China National Petroleum Corp. Address before: 072751 Zhuozhou, Baoding, Fan Yang Road West, No. 189 Patentee before: BGP Inc., China National Petroleum Corp. |