CN104215994A - Location-sensitive detection device for large-area surface contamination - Google Patents
Location-sensitive detection device for large-area surface contamination Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a location-sensitive detection device for large-area surface contamination. The device comprises a detector system, an electronics system and a PC (personal computer) system. The detector system receives, ionizes, magnifies and locates detected particles, and then the electronics system reads two-dimensional location information of the detected particles and the PC system displays the information. The detector system comprises a multipath reading unit, and the multipath reading unit is arranged inside the detector system and is composed of a plurality of anode modules. Number of the anode modules can be adjusted according to different detection system location resolution capability requirements, and the anode modules locate the detected particles, and since the multipath reading unit is composed of a plurality of the anode modules, the two-dimensional location information of the particles can be judged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radiation field of locating technology, particularly a kind of location-sensitive wide area surface pollution detection device.
Background technology
Surface pollution monitor is divided into for personnel's surface pollution monitor with for the surface pollution monitor of workplace.For staff's surface pollution monitor, mainly containing whole-body counter and instrument etc. is stained in trick, is mainly mobile portable surface pollution monitor for monitoring of the workplace instrument.The development of the surface pollution monitor development fundamental sum whole-body counter of workplace is synchronous, early stage workplace surface pollution monitor is also by proportional counter tube or thin window type scintillator type surface pollution monitor device, but the area that workplace need to be monitored is relatively large, and that traditional surface contamination detection instrument is surveyed sensitive area is very little, at present to large-area surface pollution monitor device development.
At present, practical application area, slower for the portable surface pollution monitoring instrument development of workplace at home.Major part still adopts the plastic scintillant formula surface pollution monitor of small size, and application is general, and manufacturer is also a lot.But because sensitive area is little, this surface pollution monitor can only provide the surface contamination level of workplace.For the surface monitoring of large area workplace, wide area surface pollution monitoring equipment that can portable use, domestic correlative study lags behind.And have no report for the surface monitoring equipment of location-sensitive.
In view of above-mentioned defect, creator of the present invention has obtained the present invention finally through long research and practice.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned defect, the invention provides a kind of location-sensitive wide area surface pollution detection device, in order to address the aforementioned drawbacks.
The invention provides a kind of location-sensitive wide area surface pollution detection device, it comprises a detector system, an electronic system and a PC system, after described detector system receives detected particle and ionizes, amplifies, locates, by described electronic system, read the two-dimensional position information of described detected particle and by described PC system, this information shown;
Described detector system comprises: a multichannel sensing element, be placed in described detector system inner, and described multichannel sensing element is comprised of a plurality of anode modules, and described anode module number is adjustable, and described anode module positions described detected particle.
Wherein, described detector system also comprises: a gas electronic multiplication units, be placed in described detector system inner, and to ionizing the electronics of rear generation, to amplify, described gas electronic multiplication units is at least one bed thickness type gas multiplication film.The electronics that thick type gas multiplication film produces ionization amplifies, and is conducive to the detection of described multichannel sensing element to electronics.
Preferably, described anode module is positive plate, described multichannel sensing element by a plurality of strip positive plates anyhow place mat form.Electron impact after gas electronic multiplication units is processed to positive plate, the height of positive plate read-out position that can be by horizontal paving, the horizontal level of the read-out position of perpendicular paving, simultaneously after correspondence as the two-dimensional position information of electronics.
In addition, described anode module can also be anode block, and described multichannel sensing element consists of a plurality of anode block place mats.Electron impact after gas electronic multiplication units is processed is to anode block, and electronics beats on which anode block, just to take the two-dimensional position information that the coordinate of which anode block is this electronics.
Wherein, described detector system also comprises a detector framework, described detector framework is fixed described detector system, described detector framework comprises an air admission hole and a venthole, gas enters described detector system from described venthole out from described air admission hole, changes described detector system internal gas.
Preferably, described detector system also comprises an entrance window, and described entrance window is positioned at described detector framework surface, forms a seal cavity with described detector framework; Distance between described entrance window and described gas electronic multiplication units is 2mm-10mm.Described entrance window can make detected particle pass through, and the certain impurity of filtering.
Preferably, described detector system at least has and detects α particle voltage, detects one of two kinds of detection voltages of α and β particle voltage simultaneously.
Wherein, described detection α particle voltage is: described entrance window voltage span is-1600V--2500V, described thick type gas multiplication film near the voltage span of described entrance window one side is-1100V--1300V, described thick type gas multiplication film is-700V--900V that the voltage of described multichannel sensing element is 0V near the voltage span of described multichannel anode one side.
Wherein, describedly detect α and β particle voltage is: described entrance window voltage span is-2000V--3000V simultaneously, described thick type gas multiplication film near the voltage span of described entrance window one side is-1350V--1550V, described thick type gas multiplication film is-700V--900V that the voltage of described multichannel sensing element is 0V by the voltage span of described multichannel anode one side.
Preferably, described detector system also comprises a voltage selection button or voltage selection knob, in order to select described detection voltage.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is: by the increase to multichannel anode Anodic bar or anode block quantity, and can be according to expanding monitoring area; Multichannel anode adopts anode strap or anode block, can judge the two-dimensional position information of particle; Gas electronic multiplication units has adopted thick type gas multiplication film (THGEM), and THGEM intensity is high, and cost is low, and technique is simple, easily makes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sketch that positive plate of the present invention is vertically arranged;
Fig. 3 is the horizontal sketch of positive plate of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the sketch of the positive plate n that vertically arranges of positive plate of the present invention and the horizontal overlapping place mat of positive plate;
Fig. 5 is the sketch that anode block of the present invention is arranged;
Fig. 6 is the sketch of dividing by region after anode block of the present invention is arranged.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, according to wide area surface pollution detection device of the present invention, embodiment is provided to following explanation.
Wide area surface pollution detection device provided by the invention comprises: detector system 1, electronic system 2 and PC system 3.
Described detector system 1, receives detected particle and ionizes generation electronics, and these electronics are positioned, and produces locating information;
Described electronic system 2, is connected with described detector system 1, gathers described locating information, after these information processings, determines the two-dimensional position information of detected particle;
Described PC system 3, is connected with described electronic system 2, shows in real time the two-dimensional position information of particle.
Described detector system 1 comprises incident window unit 11, gas electronic multiplication units 12, multichannel sensing element 13 and detector framework 14.
Described entrance window unit 11 is positioned at the surface of detector framework 14, joins with described detector framework 14 1 sides, mainly plays the effect of sealing and transmission incident particle;
Described gas electronic multiplication units 12 is arranged in the inner space of described detector framework 14, and ionization electron is played to multiplication amplification;
Described multichannel sensing element 13 is positioned at the inside of described detector framework 14, and it is multichannel anode, gathers particle, can read or single pixel is read for bar shaped.Electron emission after described gas electronic multiplication units 12 increases is to described multichannel anode, and multichannel anode positions these electronics, sends locating information;
14 pairs of described detector systems 1 of described detector framework are fixed, and with 11 combinations of described entrance window unit, form a confined space structure.
Described entrance window unit 11, its material is that aluminium film or aperture plate add thin plastic.Aluminium film, thin plastic thickness are all about 10um, are in order to allow α, β particle inject, and thickness increases, and particle cannot penetrate.Film mainly plays sealing function, is because whole device inside is full of argon gas, and air pressure is with extraneous identical.Aluminium film is firm, can directly use and not need aperture plate, but thin plastic matter is soft, easily breaks, and need to add aperture plate, plays effect fixing, protection thin plastic.
Described gas electronic multiplication units 12, its material is thick type electron multiplication film (THGEM), this film adopts high speed bit beat the aperture of certain rule and form at general printed circuit board (PCB).THGEM utilizes electron avalanche effect to play multiplication amplification to electronics, and enlargement factor can reach 1000~10000 times.THGEM can be also multilayer, according to detectable signal, varies in size, and the number of plies is adjustable, when signal is very little, can amplify for many times by a plurality of THGEM.
There is voltage difference in described entrance window unit 11 and described gas electronic multiplication units 12, so space between the two forms an ionized space 01, α, β particle enter described ionized space 01 through described entrance window unit 11, according to the difference of voltage in described ionized space 01, the electronics that respectively α particle, β particle is occurred to ionize amplifies collection, produces electronics after ionization.When electronics process THGEM, electron amount is exaggerated.
Described THGEM is the gas electronic multiplication film (GEM) of thick type, compares with GEM, and THGEM intensity is high, and cost is low, and technique is simple, and domestic many processing PCB plate companies all can process, and both functions are identical, in this device, also can replace THGEM with GEM.
Described multichannel sensing element 13 is multichannel anode, and it can be that a plurality of strips form, and can be also a plurality of block compositions, can be also other shape, different subsequent conditioning circuit corresponding to shape.Also can change multichannel anode.In actual applications, can, by increasing the quantity of positive plate or anode block, realize the monitoring that large-scale surface is polluted.Multichannel anode determines that the two-dimensional position information of electronics has various ways, describes respectively below.
Mode 1: when described multichannel sensing element 13 is strip, need a plurality of strip positive plates place mat anyhow, form multichannel anode.As shown in Figure 2, have n positive plate: positive plate a1, positive plate a2 ..., positive plate an, according to the mode of vertical arrangement, carry out place mat, when electronics, got to positive plate an when upper, the horizontal ordinate of described electronics is identical with the horizontal ordinate of positive plate an; As shown in Figure 3, have n positive plate: positive plate b1, positive plate b2 ..., positive plate bn, according to horizontal mode, carry out place mat, when electronics, got to positive plate bn when upper, the ordinate of described electronics is identical with the ordinate of positive plate bn.As shown in Figure 4, by the positive plate an vertically arranging and the horizontal overlapping place mat of positive plate bn, when electronics cluster, got to positive plate an, bn when upper simultaneously, by positive plate an, determine its horizontal ordinate, by positive plate bn, determine its ordinate, both are in conjunction with the two-dimensional position information of determining electronics.Suppose to have n row of horizontal positive plate, n arranges vertical positive plate, when so the two-dimensional position information of electronics is added up, needs Dui2n road information to process again.
Mode two: when described multichannel sensing element 13 is block, as shown in Figure 5, C1n is all anode blocks to Cnn, and anode block is arranged according to the form of dot matrix, so each anode block has concrete two-dimensional position information.When electronics is got on anode block Cnn, the two-dimensional position information of electronics is the two-dimensional position information of this anode block.This mode is called single pixel and reads.Suppose total n*n anode block, when so the two-dimensional position information of electronics is added up, need Duin*n road information to process.
Mode three: when described multichannel sensing element 13 is block, but different from mode two, and need to determine the two-dimensional position information of each anode block.As shown in Figure 6, because anode block is arranged according to the form of dot matrix, each is listed as the positive plate that horizontal anode block can be regarded a horizontal positioned as so, be anode block C11, C12 ... C1n can regard horizontal positioned positive plate D1 as, anode block Cn1, Cn2 ... Cnn can regard level side as and place positive plate Dn.Same, the anode block that each row is vertically placed can be regarded a positive plate of vertically arranging as, anode block C11, C21 ... Cn1 can regard vertical placement positive plate E1 as, anode block C1n, C2n ... Cnn can regard vertical placement positive plate En as.After like this anode block being sorted out, when electronics is got on a certain anode block, only need to add up horizontal direction positive plate Dn that this anode block is corresponding and the coordinate of vertical direction positive plate En, just can obtain the two-dimensional position information of this electronics.Under this mode, when the two-dimensional position information of electronics is added up, only need Dui2n road information to process, compare mode two, the treatment capacity of information obviously reduces.
Described detector framework 14 also comprises an air admission hole 141 and a venthole 142, and argon gas enters detector system 1 by air admission hole 141, then from venthole 142 out, and to carry out flow gas work.If held one's breath, closed process trouble, is not easy to carry out airtight, and along with the amplification of electron stream, gas componant can change, and affects last measurement result.So before device operation, first need to carry out the flow gas work of 30 minutes, the gas in described detector system 1 is upgraded, guarantee the accuracy of result.So-called flow gas work, be exactly that air admission hole and venthole pass through simultaneously, in detector, pour argon gas on one side, on one side the argon gas that is changed composition by electron avalanche effect is emitted, can when changing argon gas to detector, keep the balance of detector inner and outer air pressure like this, avoid damaging diaphragm type entrance window because of inside and outside atmospheric pressure difference.
Described electronic system 2 need to be processed multichannel data, the plane of 20*20 of take is example, strip width and block width are 1, bar shaped is read and need to be obtained and process 40 circuit-switched data, single pixel is read and need to be obtained and process 400 circuit-switched data, with integrated chip or simplification circuit, carry out deal with data, can simplify internal structure, increase processing speed.
If two electron streams are beaten in a bar blocks simultaneously, just cannot determine the position of electron stream, so bar shaped to read the shortcoming of reading than single pixel be counting rate when high, particularly counting rate is higher than 10
7during/S, there is the defect that cannot determine position.For more accurate two-dimensional position information, when processing, described PC system 3 takes the analysis of algorithm gravity model appoach, improve particle resolution characteristic, during experiment, be accurate to 5mm, during the limit, can be as accurate as 200um.
Described detector system 1 at least has and detects α particle voltage, detects one of two kinds of detection voltages of α and β particle voltage simultaneously;
α detection of particles voltage: the width of ionized space 01 is 2mm-10mm, entrance window voltage span is-1600V--2500V, THGEM film by the voltage span of entrance window unit 11 is-1100V--1300V, THGEM film is-700V--900V that positive plate voltage is 0V by the voltage span of positive plate.
α and β particle detect voltage simultaneously: the width of ionized space 01 is 2mm-10mm, entrance window voltage span is-2000V--3000V, THGEM film by the voltage span of entrance window unit 11 is-1350V--1550V, THGEM film is-700V--900V that positive plate voltage is 0V by the voltage span of positive plate.
During measurement, detector distance is detected the about 5mm of object.
Detector system 1 has at least two kinds and detects voltage, and it also comprises a voltage selection button or voltage selection knob, in order to select to detect voltage.
If detector has two kinds of voltages, and for α detection of particles voltage, α and β particle detect voltage simultaneously, first select α detection of particles voltage, if response is detected object, have α particle, if do not respond, being detected object does not have α particle; Select α and β particle to detect voltage, if response increases, being detected object has β particle simultaneously again, if response does not increase, being detected object does not have β particle.
If detector independent measurement α particle, system voltage requires lower, if independent measurement β particle need to improve voltage, if but examined object surface also has α particle under the voltage of independent measurement β particle, because the ionization energy of α particle is too large, system is easily discharged, and causes THGEM to damage; Detect separately β particle voltage higher, if so now object to be detected has α particle pollution easily to cause electric discharge there is no the voltage of independent detection β particle.Selected the voltage that can simultaneously measure α and β of a compromise.
Detector has these two kinds detection voltages like this, can detect α and β particle in surface contamination, can pass through the particle kind of Analysis deterrmination surface contamination again, can also prevent that the excessive THGEM of causing of voltage from damaging.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is only illustrative for the purpose of the present invention, and nonrestrictive.Those skilled in the art is understood, and in the spirit and scope that limit, can carry out many changes to it in the claims in the present invention, revise, and even equivalence, but all will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a location-sensitive wide area surface pollution detection device, it is characterized in that, comprise a detector system, an electronic system and a PC system, after described detector system receives detected particle and ionizes, amplifies, locates, by described electronic system, read the two-dimensional position information of described detected particle and by described PC system, this information shown;
Described detector system comprises: a multichannel sensing element, be placed in described detector system inner, and described multichannel sensing element is comprised of a plurality of anode modules, and described anode module number is adjustable, and described anode module positions described detected particle.
2. location-sensitive wide area surface pollution detection device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described detector system also comprises:
One gas electronic multiplication units, is placed in described detector system inner, to ionizing the electronics of rear generation, amplifies, and described gas electronic multiplication units is at least one bed thickness type gas multiplication film.
3. location-sensitive wide area surface pollution detection device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described anode module is anode block, and described multichannel sensing element consists of a plurality of described anode block two dimensions.
4. location-sensitive wide area surface pollution detection device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described anode module is positive plate, described multichannel sensing element by positive plate described in a plurality of strips anyhow place mat form.
5. according to the location-sensitive wide area surface pollution detection device described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that, described detector system also comprises a detector framework, described detector framework is fixed described detector system, described detector framework comprises an air admission hole and a venthole, turnover when guaranteeing gas, to change described detector system internal gas.
6. location-sensitive wide area surface pollution detection device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described detector system also comprises an entrance window, and described entrance window is positioned at described detector framework surface, forms a seal cavity with described detector framework; Distance between described entrance window and described gas electronic multiplication units is 2mm-10mm.
7. location-sensitive wide area surface pollution detection device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described detector system at least has and detects α particle voltage, detects one of two kinds of detection voltages of α and β particle voltage simultaneously.
8. location-sensitive wide area surface pollution detection device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described detection α particle voltage is: described entrance window voltage span is-2000V--3000V, described thick type gas multiplication film near the voltage span of described entrance window one side is-1350V--1550V, described thick type gas multiplication film is-700V--900V that the voltage of described multichannel sensing element is 0V by the voltage span of described multichannel anode one side.
9. location-sensitive wide area surface pollution detection device according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, describedly detect α and β particle voltage is: described entrance window voltage span is-1600V--2500V simultaneously, described thick type gas multiplication film near the voltage span of described entrance window one side is-1100V--1300V, described thick type gas multiplication film is-700V--900V that the voltage of described multichannel sensing element is 0V near the voltage span of described multichannel anode one side.
10. location-sensitive wide area surface pollution detection device according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described detector system also comprises a voltage selection button or voltage selection knob, in order to select described detection voltage.
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CN111239792A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-05 | 广西大学 | Side window type penetrating radiation gas detector |
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