CN103698798A - Beta surface polluted-position resolution measurement method - Google Patents
Beta surface polluted-position resolution measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103698798A CN103698798A CN201310743109.XA CN201310743109A CN103698798A CN 103698798 A CN103698798 A CN 103698798A CN 201310743109 A CN201310743109 A CN 201310743109A CN 103698798 A CN103698798 A CN 103698798A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of radioactive pollution monitoring, and discloses a beta surface polluted-position resolution measurement method. The method is used for detecting the beta radioactive surface pollution by utilizing a beta surface polluted-position resolution detector, and comprises the following steps of acquiring a position relation standard curve and measuring the beta radioactive surface pollution. The method has the advantages of simplicity, low detection lower limit, large detection sensitive area, high measuring speed and capability of accurately measuring polluted-position information.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radioactive pollution monitoring technical field, be specifically related to a kind of β surface contamination position resolution measuring method.
Background technology
Beta activity surface monitoring is an important content in Radiation Protection Monitoring.For the β ray surface contamination Quick Measurement under accident conditions, require β surface contamination detector have sensitive area large, be easy to carry, low to environmental requirement, accuracy of measurement is high, to determine, pollute on-the-spot scope, pollute focus and pollution level.
The measuring method of widely used β surface contamination of present stage is to utilize gas detector, scintillator detector, semiconductor detector array or GM pipe to measure β ray.Compare with other β surface contamination detectors, plastic scintillator detector is low to environmental requirement, carrying portable, measurement, accuracy are high, and without the Installation and Debugging through complicated, be expected to be applicable to the β ray Measurement of surface contamination under accident conditions before using.But, when increasing plastic scintillator detector sensitive detection area, be difficult to again provide the accurate distribution of sensitive detection area internal contamination.Such as Hou Jie etc. discloses the method that is applicable to large area β Measurement of surface contamination of utilizing plastic scintillant to combine with light wavelength conversion fibre in < < Optical Fiber Transmission surface contamination research > > mono-literary composition, in this article, disclosed pollution instrument is that some light wavelength conversions fibres are equidistantly embedded on the organic glass of plastic scintillant below equably, and the output terminal of all light wavelength conversion fibres is accumulated to optical cable by plastics Transmission Fibers, then optical cable is connected with photomultiplier and realizes large-area total β surface monitoring.This measuring method surface contamination instrument sensitive detection area used is large, but can not provide the distribution that sensitive detection area inside surface pollutes, is position resolution information, therefore, is badly in need of a kind of position resolution measuring method that is applicable to large area β surface contamination of research.
Summary of the invention
(1) goal of the invention
According to the existing problem of prior art, the invention provides that a kind of measuring method is simple, detection limit is low, survey that sensitive area is large, measuring speed fast and can accurately provide the β surface contamination position resolution measuring method of polluting positional information.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the existing problem of prior art, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
β surface contamination position resolution detector, key is, this detector comprises entrance window, light wavelength conversion fibre, plastic scintillant, organic glass, photomultiplier, wherein plastic scintillant and organic glass fit tightly, plastic scintillant is positioned at the below of organic glass, and entrance window is positioned at the lower surface of plastic scintillant;
Described light wavelength conversion fibre is distributed on the both direction in length and breadth of organic glass and plastic scintillant side by side, equally spacedly, and wherein, on longitudinal direction, light wavelength conversion fibre is embedded in the groove of plastic scintillant below side by side, equally spacedly; In the transverse direction, light wavelength conversion fibre is embedded in the groove between plastic scintillant and organic glass side by side, equally spacedly; Light wavelength conversion fibre on both direction is divided into by plastic scintillant the territory element that several areas are identical with shape in length and breadth.
Described light wavelength conversion fibre is connected with photomultiplier by optic splice respectively, photomultiplier is converted to electric signal by the light signal of the fine output of light wavelength conversion, and this electric signal is converted into the simulating signal that amplitude can meet the requirement of modulus collector after prime amplifier and linear amplifier amplification; Meanwhile, the signal time information of prime amplifier output is introduced discriminator, coincidence apparatus successively, and the output signal of coincidence apparatus is introduced into modulus collector and as the trigger pip of modulus collector.
Preferably, the thickness of described plastic scintillant is 1.5mm;
Preferably, the thickness of described organic glass is 3～5mm;
Preferably, the upper surface of described organic glass is provided with optical mirror plane reflection horizon, to improve light collection efficiency;
Preferably, the sidewall after described plastic scintillant and organic glass fit tightly is provided with optical mirror plane reflection horizon, to improve light collection efficiency;
Preferably, the quantity of described longitudinally upper light wavelength conversion fibre is more than 2, and transversely the quantity of light wavelength conversion fibre is more than 2.
Preferably, described light wavelength conversion fibre is distributed on the both direction in length and breadth of organic glass and plastic scintillant side by side, equally spacedly, and wherein in the transverse direction, light wavelength conversion fibre is embedded in the groove of plastic scintillant below side by side, equally spacedly; On longitudinal direction, light wavelength conversion fibre is embedded in the groove between plastic scintillant and organic glass side by side, equally spacedly; The two light wavelength conversion fibres that make progress are divided into by plastic scintillant the region that several areas are identical with shape in length and breadth.
β surface contamination position resolution measuring method, the method is to utilize β surface contamination position resolution detector to measure beta activity surface contamination source, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) position relationship typical curve obtains
Order is chosen on the plastic scintillant of β surface contamination position resolution detector by each territory element in fine several areas divided of light wavelength conversion territory element identical with shape; Mobile radiator beta-ray on the surface of the plastic scintillant in this territory element, while measuring the diverse location of radiator beta-ray in this territory element, surround the signal amplitude of two horizontal wavelength conversion optical fiber and the signal amplitude of two longitudinal wavelength conversion optical fiber of this territory element simultaneously; According to the signal amplitude ratio of two horizontal wavelength conversion optical fiber, radiator beta-ray, apart from the distance of in two horizontal wavelength conversion optical fiber, make the typical curve of horizontal Amplitude Ratio and relative distance; According to the signal amplitude ratio of two longitudinal wavelength conversion optical fiber, radiator beta-ray, apart from the distance of in two longitudinal wavelength conversion optical fiber, make the typical curve of longitudinal Amplitude Ratio and relative distance;
(2) measurement of beta activity surface contamination
Utilize β surface contamination position resolution detector to measure beta activity surface contamination source, first monitor the signal amplitude of the fine output of every light wavelength conversion, according to the power of signal, tentatively determine the territory element at place, beta activity surface contamination source, and then measure the signal amplitude ratio of the horizontal wavelength conversion of in this territory element two optical fiber, the signal amplitude ratio of two longitudinal wavelength conversion optical fiber, the typical curve of the typical curve of the corresponding laterally Amplitude Ratio described in difference substitution step (1) and relative distance and longitudinally Amplitude Ratio and relative distance, obtain the accurate location in beta activity surface contamination source.
Preferably, can also sequentially choose on the plastic scintillant of β surface contamination position resolution detector by each territory element in fine several areas divided of light wavelength conversion territory element identical with shape; The radiator beta-ray of mobile known activity on the surface of the plastic scintillant in this territory element while measuring the diverse location of radiator beta-ray in this territory element, surrounds the coincidence counting rate of four light wavelength conversion fibres of this territory element simultaneously; According to the coincidence counting rate of four optical fiber, radiator beta-ray, apart from the relative distance of four long wavelength fibers, make detection efficiency curve.
Preferably, the thickness of described plastic scintillant is 1.5mm;
Preferably, the described quantity of the two light wavelength conversion fibres that make progress is in length and breadth more than 2;
(3) beneficial effect
β surface contamination position resolution measuring method provided by the invention, the method is utilized β surface contamination position resolution detector, adopt the method meet to beta activity surface contamination measure, there is following beneficial effect:
1) can provide the accurate location information at place, beta activity surface contamination source
While utilizing β surface contamination position resolution detector to survey β surface contamination source, first according to the power of the fine output signal of light wavelength conversion, tentatively determine the territory element at place, beta activity surface contamination source, and then two horizontal wavelength measuring in this territory element are changed the signal amplitude ratio of optical fiber, the signal amplitude ratio of two longitudinal wavelength conversion optical fiber, in the horizontal typical curve of substitution and longitudinal typical curve, obtain the accurate location in beta activity surface contamination source respectively.
2) detection sensitivity of β surface contamination position resolution detector used is high and light collection efficiency is high
The detector that the method is used, its light wavelength conversion fibre is positioned over respectively in the groove between groove, plastic scintillant and the organic glass below plastic scintillant, can significantly improve light collection efficiency and the detector sensitivity of detector, also can better obtain the positional information that β pollutes simultaneously.
3) can provide the total activity of beta activity surface contamination
With the radiator beta-ray of known activity, obtain carrying out at the diverse location place of detector the scale of detection efficiency curve, obtain the detection efficiency curve of diverse location place detector, therefore, the method is being judged on the basis of β surface contamination position, can also obtain by the detection efficiency weighting to diverse location the total activity of β surface contamination.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is β surface contamination position resolution measuring method schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is β surface contamination position resolution detector schematic diagram;
Wherein 1 is organic glass, the 2nd, and plastic scintillant, the 3rd, photomultiplier, the 4th, optic splice, the 5th, light wavelength conversion is fine
Fig. 3 is β surface contamination position resolution detector longitudinal profile schematic diagram;
Wherein 1 is organic glass, the 2nd, and plastic scintillant, the 6th, optical glue, the 7th, horizontal wavelength conversion optical fiber, the 8th, entrance window;
Fig. 4 is β surface contamination position resolution detector horizontal section schematic diagram;
Wherein 1 is organic glass, the 2nd, and plastic scintillant, the 6th, optical glue, the 8th, entrance window, the 9th, longitudinal wavelength conversion optical fiber.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further elaborated.
β surface contamination position resolution measuring method, as shown in Figure 1, the method is to utilize β surface contamination position resolution detector to measure beta activity surface contamination source to method schematic diagram, it comprises the following steps:
(1) position relationship typical curve obtains
Order is chosen on the plastic scintillant of β surface contamination position resolution detector by each territory element in fine several areas divided of light wavelength conversion territory element identical with shape; Mobile radiator beta-ray on the surface of the plastic scintillant in this territory element, while measuring the diverse location of radiator beta-ray in this territory element, surround the signal amplitude of two horizontal wavelength conversion optical fiber and the signal amplitude of two longitudinal wavelength conversion optical fiber of this territory element simultaneously; According to the signal amplitude ratio of two horizontal wavelength conversion optical fiber, radiator beta-ray, apart from the distance of in two horizontal wavelength conversion optical fiber, make the typical curve of horizontal Amplitude Ratio and relative distance; According to the signal amplitude ratio of two longitudinal wavelength conversion optical fiber, radiator beta-ray, apart from the distance of in two longitudinal wavelength conversion optical fiber, make the typical curve of longitudinal Amplitude Ratio and relative distance;
Radiator beta-ray used is that diameter is about 1cm's
90sr point source, the Measuring Time while measuring the diverse location of radiator beta-ray in this territory element is 10min.The horizontal Amplitude Ratio of each territory element is intimate consistent with the Changing Pattern of the typical curve of longitudinal Amplitude Ratio and relative distance with the canonical plotting of relative distance, all presents polynomial expression variation relation.
(2) measurement of beta activity surface contamination
Utilize β surface contamination position resolution detector to measure beta activity surface contamination source, first monitor the signal amplitude of the fine output of every light wavelength conversion, according to the power of signal, tentatively determine the territory element at place, beta activity surface contamination source, and then measure the signal amplitude ratio of the horizontal wavelength conversion of in this territory element two optical fiber, the signal amplitude ratio of two longitudinal wavelength conversion optical fiber, the typical curve of the typical curve of the corresponding laterally Amplitude Ratio described in difference substitution step (1) and relative distance and longitudinally Amplitude Ratio and relative distance, obtain the accurate location in beta activity surface contamination source.
β surface contamination position resolution detector used as shown in Figure 2, this detector comprises entrance window, light wavelength conversion fibre 5, plastic scintillant 2, organic glass 1, photomultiplier 3, wherein plastic scintillant 2 and organic glass 1 fit tightly, plastic scintillant 2 is positioned at the below of organic glass 1, and entrance window is positioned at the lower surface of plastic scintillant 2;
Light wavelength conversion fibre 5 is distributed on the both direction in length and breadth of organic glass 1 and plastic scintillant 2 side by side, equally spacedly, and wherein, on longitudinal direction, light wavelength conversion fibre is embedded in the groove of plastic scintillant 2 belows side by side, equally spacedly; In the transverse direction, light wavelength conversion fibre is embedded in the groove between plastic scintillant 2 and organic glass 1 side by side, equally spacedly; Light wavelength conversion fibre 5 on both direction is divided into by plastic scintillant 2 territory element that several areas are identical with shape in length and breadth.Light wavelength conversion fibre 5 is connected with photomultiplier 3 by optic splice 4 respectively, photomultiplier 3 is converted to electric signal by the light signal of fine 5 outputs of light wavelength conversion, and this electric signal is converted into the simulating signal that amplitude can meet the requirement of modulus collector after prime amplifier and linear amplifier amplification; Meanwhile, the signal time information of prime amplifier output is introduced discriminator, coincidence apparatus successively, and the output signal of coincidence apparatus is introduced into modulus collector and as the trigger pip of modulus collector.
The thickness of the plastic scintillant 2 shown in Fig. 2 is 1.5mm, the thickness of organic glass 1 is 3mm, sidewall after the upper surface of organic glass 1, plastic scintillant 2 fit tightly with organic glass 1 is provided with optical mirror plane reflection horizon, to improve light collection efficiency, the quantity of the light wavelength conversion fibre in longitudinal and transverse two directions is 3, and diameter is 1mm.Plastic scintillant and the organic glass in length and breadth length of both direction are respectively 40cm, 30cm.
Fig. 3 is β surface contamination position resolution detector longitudinal profile schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is β surface contamination position resolution detector horizontal section schematic diagram;
Method and the detector used with embodiment 1 are identical, and different is can also sequentially choose on the plastic scintillant of β surface contamination position resolution detector by each territory element in fine several areas divided of light wavelength conversion territory element identical with shape; The radiator beta-ray of mobile known activity on the surface of the plastic scintillant in this territory element while measuring the diverse location of radiator beta-ray in this territory element, surrounds the coincidence counting rate of four light wavelength conversion fibres of this territory element simultaneously; According to the coincidence counting rate of four optical fiber, radiator beta-ray, apart from the relative distance of four long wavelength fibers, make detection efficiency curve.Therefore, detector, judging on the basis of β surface contamination position, is obtained the total activity of β surface contamination by the detection efficiency weighting to diverse location.
Claims (4)
1. β surface contamination position resolution measuring method, the method is to utilize β surface contamination position resolution detector to measure beta activity surface contamination source, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) position relationship typical curve obtains
Order is chosen on the plastic scintillant of β surface contamination position resolution detector by each territory element in fine several areas divided of light wavelength conversion territory element identical with shape; Mobile radiator beta-ray on the surface of the plastic scintillant in this territory element, while measuring the diverse location of radiator beta-ray in this territory element, surround the signal amplitude of two horizontal wavelength conversion optical fiber and the signal amplitude of two longitudinal wavelength conversion optical fiber of this territory element simultaneously; According to the signal amplitude ratio of two horizontal wavelength conversion optical fiber, radiator beta-ray, apart from the distance of in two horizontal wavelength conversion optical fiber, make the typical curve of horizontal Amplitude Ratio and relative distance; According to the signal amplitude ratio of two longitudinal wavelength conversion optical fiber, radiator beta-ray, apart from the distance of in two longitudinal wavelength conversion optical fiber, make the typical curve of longitudinal Amplitude Ratio and relative distance;
(2) measurement of beta activity surface contamination
Utilize β surface contamination position resolution detector to measure beta activity surface contamination source, first monitor the signal amplitude of the fine output of every light wavelength conversion, according to the power of signal, tentatively determine the territory element at place, beta activity surface contamination source, and then measure the signal amplitude ratio of the horizontal wavelength conversion of in this territory element two optical fiber, the signal amplitude ratio of two longitudinal wavelength conversion optical fiber, the typical curve of the typical curve of the corresponding laterally Amplitude Ratio described in difference substitution step (1) and relative distance and longitudinally Amplitude Ratio and relative distance, obtain the accurate location in beta activity surface contamination source.
2. β surface contamination position resolution measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the method can also sequentially be chosen on the plastic scintillant of β surface contamination position resolution detector by each territory element in fine several areas divided of light wavelength conversion territory element identical with shape; The radiator beta-ray of mobile known activity on the surface of the plastic scintillant in this territory element while measuring the diverse location of radiator beta-ray in this territory element, surrounds the coincidence counting rate of four light wavelength conversion fibres of this territory element simultaneously; According to the coincidence counting rate of four optical fiber, radiator beta-ray, apart from the relative distance of four long wavelength fibers, make detection efficiency curve; At detector, judge on the basis of β surface contamination position, by the detection efficiency weighting to diverse location, obtain the total activity of β surface contamination.
3. β surface contamination position resolution measuring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described plastic scintillant is 1.5mm.
4. β surface contamination position resolution measuring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described quantity of the two light wavelength conversion fibres that make progress is in length and breadth more than 2.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104215994A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-17 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Location-sensitive detection device for large-area surface contamination |
| CN112530140A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-19 | 中国兵器装备集团自动化研究所 | Joint alarm and pollution area division method based on adjacent position relation of detectors |
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| WO1989007257A1 (en) * | 1988-01-26 | 1989-08-10 | Washington University | Fiber optic beam-imaging apparatus and method |
| US5289510A (en) * | 1992-10-23 | 1994-02-22 | Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. | Two-dimensional position sensitive radiation detectors |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104215994A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-17 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Location-sensitive detection device for large-area surface contamination |
| CN112530140A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-19 | 中国兵器装备集团自动化研究所 | Joint alarm and pollution area division method based on adjacent position relation of detectors |
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