CN103969560B - A kind of visualization ultrasonic wave detecting system for fault detection of local discharge - Google Patents
A kind of visualization ultrasonic wave detecting system for fault detection of local discharge Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of visualization ultrasonic wave detecting system for fault detection of local discharge, it is characterised in that: ultrasonic signal power equipment occur initially with ultrasonic sensing array is acquired, and carries out the distribution estimating in ultrasound intensity space；Meanwhile place scene is carried out video signal collective, then based on the ultrasonic signal obtained and video signal, carries out the visualization of ultrasound intensity spatial distribution, thus intuitively demonstrate the locus of the shelf depreciation point as supersonic source.The fault detection of local discharge of power equipment is studied by the present invention, ultrasonic signal characteristic distributions in time domain and frequency domain produced by it, this visualization ultrasound detection is designed, can high-precision partial discharge phenomenon present in power equipment be detected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of fault detection of power equipment, particularly to a kind of for fault detection of local discharge can
Depending on changing ultrasonic wave detecting system.
Background technology
Shelf depreciation is a kind of phenomenon of the failure needing in power equipment to carry out in time detecting, and its insulation that can produce equipment is bad
Change, accelerate the process of insulation damages.Avoid in time and remove shelf depreciation, so that the operation of equipment normal safe becomes electric power and sets
The thing that standby attendant at most considers, in order to remove this Hidden fault phenomenon, nowadays occurs in that a lot of on-line checking office
The method of portion's electric discharge phenomena.
Shelf depreciation detection all with its various physical phenomenons produced as foundation, estimate discharge state, characteristic and
Position.Electric pulse, electromagnetic radiation, ultrasound wave, light and product that some are new can be produced during shelf depreciation, and can cause
Local pyrexia.Correspondingly, available flash spotting, chemical measure, Infrared Detection Method, ultra-high-frequency detection method, pulse current detection
The multiple method such as method and ultrasonic Detection Method is used for the office of detection and puts.Flash spotting is most beneficial for location, but also can be blocked by barrier
Impact；The on-line monitoring result reliability of chemical measure is high, but slower to catastrophic discontinuityfailure reaction；Infrared Detection Method is suitable for
In the superheating phenomenon of detection device external terminals, but it is difficult to the internal state of equipment during monitoring runs；Ultra-high-frequency detection method can
Avoid corona interference, the intensity of electric discharge can be reflected, catastrophic discontinuityfailure also can be reacted in time, but owing to electric wave wavelength is the longest, difficult
So that discharge source is positioned；Being most widely used of pulse current detection method, the most maximally efficient, but its measurement frequency is low, it is impossible to keeps away
Open corona in air interference, be not suitable for on-line monitoring.
When there is shelf depreciation in transformator, can along with explosion shape acoustic emission, produce ultrasonic signal, and quickly to
Surrounding is propagated.Therefore, trouble point is positioned by available ultrasonic signal detection method.The most existing a lot of scientific research both at home and abroad
Universities and colleges carry out based on ultrasonic Partial Discharge Detection research, but existing research is intended for the most fixed of shelf depreciation mostly
Position, but its positioning result often produces error due to various interference and obstacle, and its testing result is not also with visualization side
Formula presents to user, and is much ultrasonic detection equipment based on single sensor, needs manual search sound source position.
Summary of the invention
For the defect described in background technology or deficiency, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of for partial discharges fault
The visualization ultrasonic wave detecting system of detection, maintainer can observe the position of supersonic source the most accurately according to the method,
And judge the shelf depreciation point of power equipment.
The present invention uses below scheme to realize: a kind of visualization ultrasound examination system for fault detection of local discharge
System, it is characterised in that: include signals collecting parts and calculate control parts: ultrasonic signal and video are believed by signals collecting parts
Number it is acquired, and the input of the two signal is calculated controls parts, control parts complete above-mentioned two signal by calculating
Fusion treatment, described fusion treatment includes: based on ultrasonic signal calculate each orientation, space ultrasound intensity information；Based on regarding
Frequently the scene information in space residing for signal acquisition ultrasonic signal；The scene information of ultrasound intensity information and space is shown jointly,
The supersonic source position of locating and displaying ultrasonic signal intuitively.
In an embodiment of the present invention, described ultrasonic signal and the collection of video signal are to use ultrasonic a, video set
Middle collection plate collection；In described ultrasonic, video set, collection plate includes ultrasonic sensor array, the shooting being integrated on a pcb board
Module and the set of cells powered for this collection plate；The outfan of described array of ultrasonic sensors amplifies through an array signal
Circuit and a multi-channel data acquisition board connect.
In an embodiment of the present invention, described ultrasonic sensor array is by 16 ultrasonic sensings being placed in diverse location
Device forms, and every four sensors constitute one group of line style battle array, are four limits with four groups of line style battle arrays, form two-dimentional square battle array.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the long limit of the square battle array of described two dimension is 30cm, and minor face is 20cm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the distribution estimating in described ultrasound intensity space is by ultrasound intensity in space
Distribution situation judges supersonic source position, by the time delay superposition to each channel signal, obtains the wave beam with space directivity
Signal, as the formula (1):
(1)
Wherein,Represent the angle of beam position,Represent that orientation angle isBeam signal, i represents that passage is compiled
Number, n represents the moment that time delay is relevant, and N represents the port number of ultrasonic signal acquisition,Represent that the i-th passage orientation angle is's
Time delay；
The beam signal of all angles is added up short-time energy, as the formula (2):
(2)
WhereinIt is the beam energy of θ for T moment orientation angle,Represent time variation amount based on the T moment；
For three-dimensional directivity wave beam, pointed solid angle can be analyzed to vertical angle and horizontal angle, and beam energy can
To regard that vertical angle is pointed to energy and pointed to energy sum with horizontal angle as, each space angle can be obtained in this way
Energy distribution, is constituted with horizontal angle for the abscissa two-dimensional matrix with vertical angle as vertical coordinate, referred to herein as dimensional energy matrix；
The two-dimensional space energy matrix generated is taken maximum, and as sound source position, and centered by this coordinate, this intensity is width
Degree, generates two-dimensional Gaussian function, as display matrix, jointly shows with visual scene.
Present invention have the advantage that:
(1) use ultrasonic sensor array to gather ultrasonic signal, utilize each side in supersonic source location technology estimation space
The ultrasound intensity of position, it is achieved high-precision ultrasound positions；
(2) each orientation ultrasound intensity detected is combined spatial vision scene information jointly to show, it is achieved that supersonic source
Visual retrieval location, be very easy to maintainer observation judge；
(3) studying the fault detection of local discharge of power equipment, produced by it, ultrasonic signal is in time domain
With the characteristic distributions on frequency domain, this visualization ultrasound detection is designed, can be high-precision to office present in power equipment
Portion's electric discharge phenomena detect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of visualization ultrasonic detection equipment.
Fig. 2 is the composition schematic diagram of ultrasonic sensor array in visualization ultrasonic detection equipment.
Fig. 3 is array signal amplification circuit diagram in visualization ultrasonic detection equipment.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the present invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of visualization ultrasound examination system for fault detection of local discharge
System, this system includes signals collecting parts and calculates control parts: ultrasonic signal and video signal are entered by signals collecting parts
Row collection, and the input of the two signal is calculated control parts, complete above-mentioned two signal is melted by calculating control parts
Conjunction processes, and described fusion treatment includes: calculate the ultrasound intensity information in each orientation, space based on ultrasonic signal；Believe based on video
Number obtain the scene information in space residing for ultrasonic signal；The scene information of ultrasound intensity information and space is shown jointly, intuitively
The supersonic source position of locating and displaying ultrasonic signal.
Continuing with seeing Fig. 1, ultrasonic signal above-mentioned in the present embodiment and the collection of video signal are that employing one is ultrasonic, regard
Frequently concentrated collection plate gathers；Ultrasonic sensor array that in described ultrasonic, video set, collection plate includes being integrated on a pcb board,
Photographing module and the set of cells powered for this collection plate；The outfan of described array of ultrasonic sensors is through an array signal
Amplifying circuit and a multi-channel data acquisition board connect.Ultrasonic signal and the video information of digital form are inputted by USB interface
Computer, completes signal processing and display function.Wherein realized the collection of ultrasonic signal by ultrasonic sensor array, by battle array
The amplification of ultrasonic signal, ultrasonic letter after realizing amplifying by multi-channel data acquisition board after the realization collection of column signal amplifying circuit
Number analog digital conversion.It is also configured with set of cells on this signal acquiring board to be powered.
Produced by shelf depreciation, acoustical signal frequency coverage is the widest, from audible sound scope (about 10kHz to 100kHz).
In the design, suitable frequency range need to be determined in the range of this, to select sensor type.The ultrasonic propagation attenuation of high band is non-
Chang Yanchong, is unsuitable for it is carried out remote capture.The propagation characteristic of low-frequency range is good, but can be done by audible sound in environment
Disturb, affect locating effect, thus the ultrasonic signal considering about 40kHz is suitable for gathering and sound localization.
Array element distance is relevant with signal frequency, and array sizes determines spatial resolution.In view of selected supersonic frequency
At 40kHz, therefore array element distance in conjunction with the requirement to instrument size, should determine array sizes as far as possible less than the 1/2 of ultrasonic wavelength
Between 20cm to 30cm.
As shown in Figure 2, the ultrasonic sensor array described in the present embodiment utilizes 16 to be placed in the ultrasonic of diverse location
Sensor composition array, every four sensors constitute one group of line style battle array, are four limits with four groups of line style battle arrays, form two-dimentional square battle array,
The long limit of square battle array is 30cm, and minor face is 20cm, and the sonac wherein selected is the ATR40-10P of Shanghai Ni Saila company
Model, can be positioned the sound source in two-dimensional space by this square battle array.
As shown in Figure 3, it is contemplated that ultrasonic signal is very serious through long range propagation decay, devises twin-stage and put in this enforcement
Big circuit, every grade uses negative feedback amplifier circuit, amplifies 100 times, utilize Capacitor apart flip-flop, after cascade between two-stage
Gain amplifier is up to 10000 times.It is employed herein double operational chip AD822, there is high accuracy, low-power consumption, the characteristic such as rail-to-rail,
Ensure the high s/n ratio output under the conditions of high-gain.Utilizing single supply to power, voltage range 3-36v, circuit components is basic
Select surface mount elements, it is ensured that miniaturization and low-power consumption.16 sonac composition arrays, every four only reach corresponding amplifying circuit
Constitute a module.Four modules are placed in collection plate four limit respectively.Power supply is also required to take voltage stabilizing measure, reduces dry
Disturb.
Signal input multi-channel data acquisition board after amplification carries out analog digital conversion, fixed according to supersonic frequency bandwidth and sampling
Rule, the signal sampling frequency of each passage need to reach 100kHz, and port number reaches 16, has selected Zhong Taiyanchuan company to produce
USB7646 type data collecting card, supports that 16 channel parallel collections, every channel sample rate reach 100kHz, sampling precision 16 bit, symbol
Close above-mentioned requirements.
In the present embodiment, photographic head selects sieve skill C270 high definition integrated camera, and resolution reaches 1,000,000 pixels, is internally integrated
Video compression encoder, photographic head is powered by USB, and is transmitted video data encoder by USB to computer.
In the present embodiment, this visualization ultrasonic detection equipment can be designed as portable equipment, use battery power supply mode.
In view of ultrasound circuitry supply voltage at 3-36v, data collecting card supply voltage is 5v, and work total current is about 800mA.Cause
This system uses 4 joint 1.2v rechargeable batteries to power, often joint capacity 2500mAh.It is followed by 15w boost DC-DC module, keeps stable
5v output voltage, power with amplification circuit module for data collecting card and ultrasound acquisition.
At the Data processing of ultrasound detection, utilize ultrasound intensity spatial distribution algorithm for estimating, by ultrasound intensity at sky
Distribution situation between judges supersonic source position.By the time delay superposition to each channel signal, can obtain that there is space and refer to
The beam signal of tropism, as the formula (1):
, N=16 (1)
Wherein,Represent the angle of beam position,Represent that orientation angle isBeam signal, i represents passage
Numbering, n represents the moment that time delay is relevant, and N represents the port number of ultrasonic signal acquisition,Represent that the i-th passage orientation angle is
Time delay.The beam signal of all angles is added up short-time energy, as the formula (2):
(2)
WhereinIt is the beam energy of θ for T moment orientation angle,Represent time variation amount based on the T moment.
For three-dimensional directivity wave beam, pointed solid angle can be analyzed to vertical angle and horizontal angle, and beam energy can
To regard that vertical angle is pointed to energy and pointed to energy sum with horizontal angle as.Each space angle can be obtained in this way
Energy distribution, is constituted with horizontal angle for the abscissa two-dimensional matrix with vertical angle as vertical coordinate, referred to herein as dimensional energy matrix.
The two-dimensional space energy matrix generated is taken maximum, and as sound source position, and centered by this coordinate, this point is strong
Degree is amplitude, generates two-dimensional Gaussian function, as display matrix, jointly shows with visual scene.
Every frame video signal of camera collection shows jointly with dimensional energy matrix, its principle be using video signal as
Background, and energy matrix shows as prospect, the numerical value in matrix is the biggest, and the brightness of display is the biggest.
Experiment utilizes electronic ignition gun as supersonic source, be respectively placed in distance ultrasound partial discharge detector 15 meters, 18 meters and
At 20 meters, the working condition of test equipment, from the point of view of effect of visualization, system can effectively detect supersonic source in the range of 20m,
And realize being accurately positioned.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all impartial changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modify, all should belong to the covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the visualization ultrasonic wave detecting system for fault detection of local discharge, it is characterised in that: include signals collecting
Parts and calculating control parts: ultrasonic signal and video signal are acquired by signals collecting parts, and by the two signal
Input calculates and controls parts, completes the fusion treatment to above-mentioned two signal, described fusion treatment bag by calculating control parts
Include: calculate the ultrasound intensity information in each orientation, space based on ultrasonic signal；Obtain residing for ultrasonic signal empty based on video signal
Between scene information；The scene information of ultrasound intensity information and space is shown jointly, intuitively locating and displaying ultrasonic signal
Supersonic source position；
Wherein, described ultrasonic signal and the collection of video signal are to use collection plate collection in one ultrasonic, video set；Described super
In sound, video set, collection plate includes the ultrasonic sensor array being integrated on a pcb board, photographing module and supplies for this collection plate
The set of cells of electricity；The outfan of described array of ultrasonic sensors is adopted through an array signal amplification circuit and a multi-channel data
Truck connects；
Wherein, described ultrasonic sensor array is made up of 16 sonacs being placed in diverse location, every four sensings
Device constitutes one group of line style battle array, is four limits with four groups of line style battle arrays, forms two-dimentional square battle array；
Wherein, the distribution estimating in described ultrasound intensity space is to judge supersonic source by ultrasound intensity distribution situation in space
Position, by the time delay superposition to each channel signal, obtains the beam signal with space directivity, as shown in formula (1):
Wherein, θ represents the angle of beam position, SθN () represents that orientation angle is the beam signal of θ, i represents channel number, n table
Showing the moment that time delay is relevant, N represents the port number of ultrasonic signal acquisition,Represent that the i-th passage orientation angle is the time delay of θ；
The beam signal of all angles is added up short-time energy, as shown in formula (2):
Wherein Eθ(T) be T moment orientation angle be the beam energy of θ, Δ T represents time variation amount based on the T moment；
For three-dimensional directivity wave beam, pointed solid angle can be analyzed to vertical angle and horizontal angle, and beam energy can be seen
Work is that vertical angle points to energy and horizontal angle sensing energy sum, can obtain the energy of each space angle in this way
Distribution, is constituted with horizontal angle for the abscissa two-dimensional matrix with vertical angle as vertical coordinate, referred to herein as dimensional energy matrix；To life
The two-dimensional space energy matrix become takes maximum, and as sound source position, and centered by this coordinate, this intensity is amplitude, raw
Become two-dimensional Gaussian function, as display matrix, jointly show with visual scene.
Visualization ultrasonic wave detecting system for fault detection of local discharge the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: the long limit of the square battle array of described two dimension is 30cm, and minor face is 20cm.
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| CN104407276A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-03-11 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Signal acquisition device for laboratory partial discharge tests |
| CN104375068A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-25 | 国家电网公司 | Visual ultrasonic quick inspection device used for power transmission and distribution line patrolling |
| CN105334435B (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2018-04-13 | 国网山东海阳市供电公司 | A kind of adaptive local electric discharge ultrasonic monitoring method based on arbitrary arrays |
| CN105738779A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-07-06 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Partial discharge detection method based on multi-source image fusion |
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| CN106597235A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-04-26 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Partial discharge detection apparatus and method |
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| CN107393283A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-24 | 重庆市通信建设有限公司 | A kind of data acquisition unit and data collecting system |
| CN109490723A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-03-19 | 红相股份有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic wave visible detection method and ultrasonic wave Visual retrieval instrument |
| CN110865287A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-06 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | GIS partial discharge positioning device |
| CN110995821B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-05-04 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Power distribution network inspection system based on AI and intelligent helmet |
| CN111413649B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2021-07-06 | 中国科学技术大学 | Large-scale reactor fault detection method and system based on near-field broadband beam forming |
| CN111983357B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-08-09 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Ultrasonic visual fault detection method combined with voiceprint detection function |
| CN112462205A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-03-09 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Partial discharge detection apparatus and method |
| CN113030671B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-06-07 | 应急管理部沈阳消防研究所 | Electrical equipment partial discharge fault on-site detection and positioning device and method |
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