CN104212038A - 一种聚乙烯电缆料的制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种聚乙烯电缆料的制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN104212038A
CN104212038A CN201410469775.3A CN201410469775A CN104212038A CN 104212038 A CN104212038 A CN 104212038A CN 201410469775 A CN201410469775 A CN 201410469775A CN 104212038 A CN104212038 A CN 104212038A
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夏江平
靳红涛
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ANHUI MEITENG SPECIAL ELECTRIC CABLE MATERIALS Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及聚乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，属于电线电缆绝缘及护套用材料的技术领域，所述的聚乙烯电缆料由聚乙烯基料、催化剂母料、硅烷交联混合剂经强力磁力架除铁屑杂质、高温干燥混合、加入硅烷交联混合剂、高温混合吸附、低温冷却、抽真空包装而成。通过多次使用强力磁力架除铁屑杂质来保证产物的洁净度，通过负压加热干燥来更好地去除产物中的水分；通过保压加热吸附混合来保聚乙烯基料、催化剂母料、硅烷交联混合剂更好地混合均匀；通过冷却水降温来减少硅烷交联剂的挥发。

Description

一种聚乙烯电缆料的制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及聚烯烃电缆料的制备工艺，属于电线电缆绝缘及护套用材料的技术领域。
背景技术
传统的电缆料制备工艺为两步法，即分基体母料和催化交联母料，在电缆成缆过程中，两种母料混合后上缆，然后经过后处理、造粒工艺及成缆工艺复杂。固相一步法生产硅烷交联聚乙烯的原理是将聚乙烯、硅烷、引发剂、催化剂、抗氧剂等通过高速混合机混合均匀后打包得到产品。产品再由电缆厂在挤出机的后半段熔融均化，并进行接枝，挤出成型后在水分子参与的条件下完成最后的交联。传统的一步法将所有原料一次性投入高速混合机中混合后即打包得产品，此方法有以下不足之处：一是所用的原料来源地复杂，原料中带有少量或微量铁屑、铁锈或料条等杂质，对原料的质量无法时时监控；二是粒料、粉料和液体一次性的加入无法混合均匀；三是此法造成硅烷在聚乙烯中的吸收速度太慢，硅烷挥发性大，质量不稳定，交联度忽大忽小，挤出性时好时坏；四是原料容易受潮，不烘干时易造成预交联；五是硅烷是易燃品，用高速混合机混合容易造成高温爆炸或着火事故，就是用低速混合机也偶而出现爆炸或着火事故；六是在混合的过程中，一些设备的死角由于硅烷的挥发会积累沉淀物，提前出现预交联的情况，导致产品性能下降，储存周期缩短；七是硅烷是易燃品，用人工直接往高速混合机中加料易产生静电造成爆炸或着火事故等。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供了一种聚乙烯电缆料的制备工艺。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种聚乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，所述的聚乙烯电缆料由聚乙烯基料、催化剂母料、硅烷交联混合剂交联而成；其制备方法如下：
(1)催化剂母料的制备
称量：线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)35-60份，低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)35～60份，抗氧剂1～5份，抗铜剂1～5份，催化剂1～3份，加工助剂1-6份；经过强力磁力架除铁屑杂质、高速混合机混合、双螺杆混炼造粒、干燥、强力磁力架除铁屑杂质、包装而成。
(2)硅烷交联混合剂的制备
称量：乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷10-12份，过氧化二异丙苯0.3-1份，经摇动或搅拌混合均匀后使用。
(3)聚乙烯电缆料的制备
称量：聚乙烯基料90-95份、催化剂母料5-10份、硅烷交联混合剂1-3份，其制备工艺为：经强力磁力架除铁屑杂质、高温干燥混合、加入硅烷交联混合剂、高温混合吸附、低温冷却、抽真空包装而成。
所述的步骤(1)中的高速混合机混料温度在10-40℃，混料速度960转/分；混料时间为0.5-3分钟。
所述的步骤(1)中的双螺杆混炼造粒混炼温度在140-220℃，由双螺杆转速以300-400转/分的速度出料，双螺杆混炼造粒机加40/60/120/40目的四层过滤网，每4小时换网一次。
所述的步骤(3)中高温干燥混合工艺所用干燥设备为回转式真空干燥机，干燥温度为60-80℃，高温干燥混合时间1-2小时，真空压力为-0.06～-0.1MPa，混合转速为3-10转/分。
所述的步骤(3)中硅烷交联混合剂加入工艺中要求硅烷交联混合剂加入时，回转式真空干燥机内处于常压状态，真空压力为0MPa。
所述的步骤(3)中高温混合吸附工艺是吸附温度为60-80℃，高温混合吸附时间为0.5-1.5小时，回转式真空干燥机真空压力为0MPa，混合转速为3-10转/分。
所述的步骤(3)中低温冷却工艺要求冷却水温度为10-30℃，冷却时间0.5-1.0小时，回转式真空干燥机真空压力为0Mpa，混合转速为3-10转/分。
所述聚乙烯基料为线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)的一种或几种，所述的催化剂为月桂酸二正丁基锡；所述加工助剂为含氟聚合物、硬脂酸、聚乙烯蜡或硅酮母粒中的一种或几种。
本发明的有益效果在于：通过多次使用强力磁力架除铁屑杂质来保证产物的洁净度，通过负压加热干燥来更好地去除产物中的水分；通过保压加热吸附混合来保聚乙烯基料、催化剂母料、硅烷交联混合剂更好地混合均匀；通过冷却水降温来减少硅烷交联剂的挥发。
具体实施方式
一种聚乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，所述的聚乙烯电缆料由聚乙烯基料、催化剂母料、硅烷交联混合剂交联而成；其制备方法如下：
(1)催化剂母料的制备
a、称量：线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)35-60份，低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)35～60份，抗氧剂1～5份，抗铜剂1～5份，催化剂1～3份，加工助剂1-6份经过强力磁力架除铁屑杂质；
b、高速混合机混合：混料温度在10-40℃，混料速度960转/分；混料时间为0.5-3分钟；
c、双螺杆混炼造粒：混炼温度在140-220℃，由双螺杆转速以300-400转/分的速度出料，双螺杆混炼造粒机加40/60/120/40目的四层过滤网，每4小时换网一次；
d、干燥、强力磁力架除铁屑杂质、包装而成。
(2)硅烷交联混合剂的制备
称量：乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷10-12份，过氧化二异丙苯0.3-1份，经摇动或搅拌混合均匀后使用。
(3)聚乙烯电缆料的制备方法：
a、称量：聚乙烯基料90-95份、催化剂母料5-10份、硅烷交联混合剂1-3份，经强力磁力架除铁屑杂质；
b、高温干燥混合：高温干燥混合工艺所用干燥设备为回转式真空干燥机，干燥温度为60-80℃，高温干燥混合时间1-2小时，真空压力为-0.06～-0.1MPa，混合转速为3-10转/分；
c、加入硅烷交联混合剂：硅烷交联混合剂加入时回转式真空干燥机内处于常压状态，真空压力为0Mpa；
d、高温混合吸附：吸附温度为60-80℃，高温混合时间0.5-1.5小时，回转式真空干燥机真空压力为0MPa，混合转速为3-10转/分；
e、低温冷却：冷却温度为10-30℃，冷却时间0.5-1.0小时，回转式真空干燥机真空压力为0Mpa，混合转速为3-10转/分。
f、抽真空包装而成。
优先地，所述聚乙烯基料为线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)的一种或几种，所述的催化剂为月桂酸二正丁基锡；所述加工助剂为含氟聚合物、硬脂酸、聚乙烯蜡或硅酮母粒中的一种或几种。

Claims (8)

1.一种聚乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述的聚乙烯电缆料由聚乙烯基料、催化剂母料、硅烷交联混合剂交联而成；其制备方法如下：
(1)催化剂母料的制备
称量：线性低密度聚乙烯35-60份，低密度聚乙烯35～60份，抗氧剂1～5份，抗铜剂1～5份，催化剂1～3份，加工助剂1-6份；经过强力磁力架除铁屑杂质、高速混合机混合、双螺杆混炼造粒、干燥、强力磁力架除铁屑杂质、包装而成
(2)硅烷交联混合剂的制备
称量：乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷10-12份，过氧化二异丙苯0.3-1份，经摇动或搅拌混合均匀后使用
(3)聚乙烯电缆料的制备
称量：聚乙烯基料90-95份、催化剂母料5-10份、硅烷交联混合剂1-3份，其制备工艺为：经强力磁力架除铁屑杂质、高温干燥混合、加入硅烷交联混合剂、高温混合吸附、低温冷却、抽真空包装而成，其中高温干燥混合、加入硅烷交联混合剂、高温混合吸附、低温冷却均在回转式真空干燥机中完成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述的步骤(1)中的高速混合机混料温度在10-40℃，混料速度960转/分；混料时间为0.5-3分钟。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述的步骤(1)中的双螺杆混炼造粒混炼温度在140-220℃，由双螺杆转速以300-400转/分的速度出料，双螺杆混炼造粒机加40/60/120/40目的四层过滤网，每4小时换网一次。
4.根据权利要求1所述的聚乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述的步骤(3)中高温干燥混合工艺所用干燥设备为回转式真空干燥机，干燥温度为60-80℃，高温干燥混合时间1-2小时，真空压力为-0.06～-0.1MPa，混合转速为3-10转/分。
5.根据权利要求1所述的聚乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述的步骤(3)中硅烷交联混合剂加入工艺中要求硅烷交联混合剂加入时，回转式真空干燥机内处于常压状态，真空压力为0MPa。
6.根据权利要求1所述的聚乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述的步骤(3)中高温混合吸附工艺是吸附温度为60-80℃，高温混合吸附时间为0.5-1.5小时，回转式真空干燥机真空压力为0MPa，混合转速为3-10转/分。
7.根据权利要求1所述的聚乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述的步骤(3)中低温冷却工艺要求冷却水温度为10-30℃，冷却时间0.5-1.0小时，回转式真空干燥机真空压力为0Mpa，混合转速为3-10转/分。
8.根据权利要求1所述的聚乙烯电缆料的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述聚乙烯基料为线性低密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯的一种或几种，所述的催化剂为月桂酸二正丁基锡；所述加工助剂为含氟聚合物、硬脂酸、聚乙烯蜡或硅酮母粒中的一种或几种。
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