CN104211445A - Longquan celadon iron glaze and method for manufacturing celadon iron glaze product by using same - Google Patents
Longquan celadon iron glaze and method for manufacturing celadon iron glaze product by using same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104211445A CN104211445A CN201410444456.7A CN201410444456A CN104211445A CN 104211445 A CN104211445 A CN 104211445A CN 201410444456 A CN201410444456 A CN 201410444456A CN 104211445 A CN104211445 A CN 104211445A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- glaze
- iron
- celadon
- base substrate
- glazing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of ceramic arts and crafts and specifically discloses a Longquan celadon iron glaze and a method for manufacturing a celadon product by using the same. The glaze comprises the following ingredients in percentage by weight: 35-45% of Baoxi glaze clay, 6-9% of limestone, 6-9% of quartz, 18-20% of large kiln Zijin clay, 23-25% of iron ore and 1.2-2% of Badu fluorite. The celadon iron glaze product manufactured by using the celadon iron glaze and the method thereof provided by the invention combine the advantages of the traditional celadon product and an iron product, can not only inherit the advantage of fine texture of the traditional celadon, but also release divalent iron ions from water which is boiled out and similar to the water boiled out by an iron pot and has the effect of preventing and reducing hypertension. The water which is boiled out by the celadon iron glaze product is similar to the temperature of the water boiled by the iron pot, so that the effect of softening water quality is realized; the water becomes sweet and smooth, has thick and full taste and is particularly suitable for infusing old tea or boiling Puer tea.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ceramic industrial art field, be specifically related to a kind of Longquan celadon iron glaze and the method with this glaze making celadon product.
Background technology
Longquan celadon tradition has " brother's kiln ", the saying of " Di kiln ", brother's kiln and official, you, fixed, an ancient unit of weight be called Song dynasty five your name's kiln.According to textual criticism, it burns makes the age and begins to extend through the Qing Dynasty always and terminate from Tang Wudai.History reaches more than 1600 year, is the porcelain kiln system that Chinese porcelain making history is the longest.2007, a large amount of Longquan celadons of China " No. one, the South Sea " sea archaeology emerge and a large amount of Longquan celadons of world-renowned museum collection, all with the glaze colours as its jasper, simple and tasteful moulding, smooth excellent the line of beauty and the implements of appealing to both the more and the less cultured enjoy high reputation all over the world.
Traditional Longquan celadon practical instruments tea set, teapot, because its thermostability difference is few in the middle of practicality at ordinary times, spread wideless, if the advantage of traditional Longquan celadon can be utilized, combine with the advantage of iron teapot, that is: make glaze colours traditional for Longquan celadon into iron glaze, so just can give full play to the advantage of Longquan celadon and iron teapot.
The advantage of Longquan celadon: celadon tea set is finer and smoother with its quality, and moulding is dignified, the blue or green jade-like stone of glaze colours, grain pattern Artline and the China and foreign countries that make a name.
The advantage of iron teapot: iron kettle can improve water temperature, and heat storage capacity is strong.Generally heat up water with iron kettle and can reach 97 DEG C, even more than 100 DEG C, can abundant demineralized water, be particularly suitable for steeping old tea or boiling tea using, especially Leaf of Assam Tea, and general stainless steel bubble of whipping can only reach 93 DEG C.The water using iron kettle to boil can discharge ferrous ion, forms mountain spring effect, makes the mouth of a river feel abundant, full smooth.To make tea the musty can effectively removed in tea.Drink the water that iron kettle boils and have good health care function.A large amount of ferrous ions can be discharged after iron kettle is heated, with effects such as the Weibull in tea, tea-polyphenol, the ferro element of needed by human body can be supplemented.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of Longquan celadon iron glaze, and the celadon iron glaze product fired with it has the advantage of traditional celadon and iron kettle concurrently.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of Longquan celadon iron glaze, this glaze ingredients by weight per-cent forms: precious small stream glaze soil 35 ~ 45%, Wingdale 6 ~ 9%, quartz 6 ~ 9%, Dayao Zijin soil 18 ~ 20%, iron ore 23 ~ 25%, eight all fluorites 1.2 ~ 2%.
Make a method for celadon iron glaze product of above-mentioned Longquan celadon iron glaze, comprise the following steps:
(1) glaze preparation: raw material various described in claim 1 is mixed according to after the meticulous refining choosing of recipe requirements, with ballstone: raw material: the ratio that water is about 2.5:1.5:1 loads ball-grinding machine, and being milled to fineness is 150 orders, filters out glaze slip;
(2) blank forming: make corresponding vessel base substrate according to demand;
(3) biscuiting: by the base substrate of forming after drying, loading of kiln slow fire biscuiting 8 ~ 10 hours, kiln temperature stops after rising to 900 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C to burn, and after biscuiting completes, treat that kiln temperature naturally cools to room temperature, biscuiting base substrate gets final product kiln discharge;
(4) dedusting: the dust removing surface, biscuit inside and outside;
(5) glazing: first, to base substrate inside with swinging the glazing of glaze method, after the inner glazing of base substrate completes, carries out drying to base substrate, the moisture of removing base substrate;
Secondly, glaze method glazing is used to base substrate outside, after the outside glazing of base substrate completes, drying is carried out to base substrate, after drying completes, scrapes the foot of base substrate;
(6) glaze firing: glaze firing comprises drying, oxidation, reduction, one-tenth porcelain, insulation double teacher successively, at its drying stage, little fire heats up 3 ~ 4 hours, makes kiln temperature slowly rise to 620 DEG C ~ 680 DEG C; At oxidation stage, with 4 ~ 5 hours, kiln temperature is promoted to 950 DEG C, makes base substrate obtain fully being oxidized slowly, then use about l hours, make kiln temperature rise to 980 DEG C and carry out transition insulation; At its reduction phase: from 980 DEG C, carry out strong firing with reductive flame, heat-up rate controls at 1 DEG C ~ 1.5 DEG C/min, and kiln temperature rises to 1260 DEG C from 980 DEG C, and gaseous-pressure is enlarged to 0.02 ~ 0.05Mpa, carries out the strong reduction reaction of 3 ~ 4 hours; Become the porcelain stage at it, turn gaseous-pressure to 0.005 ~ 0.02Mpa down, reduce reducing atmosphere, within 2 hours, cellar for storing things temperature is raised to 1300 DEG C from 1260 DEG C; At its holding stage, keep kiln temperature flame-out after about 2 hours between 1290 DEG C ~ 1300 DEG C;
(7) kiln discharge is cooled: after glaze firing completes, after naturally cooling to room temperature, get final product kiln discharge.
Further, before glazing, glaze slip proportion is adjusted to 55 ~ 62 ° of B é.
Further, before glazing, moisturizing is carried out to the billet surface through dedusting.
Further, in glazing process, the thickness controlling glaze layer is 1.5 ~ 2.5mm.
With the celadon iron glaze product that celadon iron glaze of the present invention and method thereof make, combine the advantage of traditional celadon goods and ferrous products, be mainly reflected in:
(1) celadon iron glaze product has passed on the advantage of traditional celadon quality exquisiteness;
(2) ferrous ion can be discharged in the water that celadon iron glaze product cooks, iron part in metal irony food is generally exist with the form of ferric ion, the specific absorption of its ferrous ion is about 15%, far above the specific absorption 3% ~ 8% of ferric ion;
(3) aqueous phase that cooks of the water that cooks of celadon iron glaze product and iron kettle seemingly, has prevention and reduce hypertensive effect;
(4) water that cooks of celadon iron glaze product is close to iron kettle temperature to boil water, and have the effect of demineralized water, allow water become sweet, to blurt out, mouthfeel is abundant full, is especially applicable to the old tea of bubble or boils Leaf of Assam Tea using.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.It should be noted that, each raw material in the glaze formula related in the present invention, its place of production is Zhejiang Province's Longquan City, and its title and composition, for its those skilled in the relevant art, are all clear and definite.
Longquan celadon iron glaze of the present invention, its glaze ingredients by weight per-cent consists of: precious small stream glaze soil 35 ~ 45%, Wingdale 6 ~ 9%, quartz 6 ~ 9%, Dayao Zijin soil 18 ~ 20%, iron ore 23 ~ 25%, eight all fluorites 1.2 ~ 2%.
The above-mentioned Longquan celadon iron glaze of the present invention makes the method for celadon iron glaze product, comprises the following steps:
(1) glaze preparation: choose glaze ingredients by weight per-cent and consist of: precious small stream glaze soil 41%, Wingdale 7%, quartz 8%, Dayao Zijin soil 18.6%, iron ore 24%, eight all fluorites 1.4%.
Above-mentioned raw materials is mixed according to after the meticulous refining choosing of recipe requirements, with ballstone: raw material: the ratio that water is about 2.5:1.5:1 loads ball-grinding machine, and being milled to fineness is 150 orders, filters out glaze slip.
(2) blank forming: make corresponding vessel base substrate according to demand.
(3) biscuiting: by the base substrate of forming after drying, loading of kiln slow fire biscuiting 8 ~ 10 hours, kiln temperature stops after rising to 900 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C to burn, and after biscuiting completes, treat that kiln temperature naturally cools to room temperature, biscuiting base substrate gets final product kiln discharge.
(4) dedusting: the dust removing surface, biscuit inside and outside.
(5) glazing: before glazing, is adjusted to 55 ~ 62 ° of B é (degree Beaume), and carries out moisturizing to the billet surface through dedusting by glaze slip proportion.First, to base substrate inside with swinging the glazing of glaze method, after the inner glazing of base substrate completes, drying is carried out to base substrate, the moisture of removing base substrate; Secondly, glaze method glazing is used to base substrate outside, after the outside glazing of base substrate completes, drying is carried out to base substrate, after drying completes, scrapes the foot of base substrate.Its base substrate is inner is 1.5 ~ 2.5mm with outside glazed thickness.
(6) glaze firing: glaze firing comprises drying, oxidation, reduction, one-tenth porcelain, insulation double teacher successively, at its drying stage, little fire heats up 3 ~ 4 hours, makes kiln temperature slowly rise to 620 DEG C ~ 680 DEG C; At oxidation stage, with 4 ~ 5 hours, kiln temperature is promoted to 950 DEG C, makes base substrate obtain fully being oxidized slowly, then use about l hours, make kiln temperature rise to 980 DEG C and carry out transition insulation; At its reduction phase: from 980 DEG C, carry out strong firing with reductive flame, heat-up rate controls at 1 DEG C ~ 1.5 DEG C/min, and kiln temperature rises to 1260 DEG C from 980 DEG C, and gaseous-pressure is enlarged to 0.02 ~ 0.05Mpa, carries out the strong reduction reaction of 3 ~ 4 hours; Become the porcelain stage at it, turn gaseous-pressure to 0.005 ~ 0.02Mpa down, reduce reducing atmosphere, within 2 hours, cellar for storing things temperature is raised to 1300 DEG C from 1260 DEG C; At its holding stage, keep kiln temperature flame-out after about 2 hours between 1290 DEG C ~ 1300 DEG C;
(7) kiln discharge is cooled: after glaze firing completes, after naturally cooling to room temperature, get final product kiln discharge.
The celadon iron glaze teacup fired with above-mentioned celadon iron glaze, entrust professional institution to carry out composition detection to it, the report of its finished product detection is as shown in table 1.
The table 1 celadon iron each component of glaze teacup and content thereof
As seen from the above table, the ferrous components content in its celadon iron glaze product is higher, and exists in the mode of ferric ion, with in the process that it is to boil water, similar with iron kettle, can discharge ferrous ion, play the effect improving water quality, convenient absorption.
Claims (6)
1. a Longquan celadon iron glaze, is characterized in that: this glaze ingredients by weight per-cent forms: precious small stream glaze soil 35 ~ 45%, Wingdale 6 ~ 9%, quartz 6 ~ 9%, Dayao Zijin soil 18 ~ 20%, iron ore 23 ~ 25%, eight all fluorites 1.2 ~ 2%.
2. make a method for celadon iron glaze product of Longquan celadon iron glaze described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) glaze preparation: raw material various described in claim 1 is mixed according to after the meticulous refining choosing of recipe requirements, with ballstone: raw material: the ratio that water is about 2.5:1.5:1 loads ball-grinding machine, and being milled to fineness is 150 orders, filters out glaze slip;
(2) blank forming: make corresponding vessel base substrate according to demand;
(3) biscuiting: by the base substrate of forming after drying, loading of kiln slow fire biscuiting 8 ~ 10 hours, kiln temperature stops after rising to 900 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C to burn, and after biscuiting completes, treat that kiln temperature naturally cools to room temperature, biscuiting base substrate gets final product kiln discharge;
(4) dedusting: the dust removing surface, biscuit inside and outside;
(5) glazing: first, to base substrate inside with swinging the glazing of glaze method, after the inner glazing of base substrate completes, carries out drying to base substrate, the moisture of removing base substrate;
Secondly, glaze method glazing is used to base substrate outside, after the outside glazing of base substrate completes, drying is carried out to base substrate, after drying completes, scrapes the foot of base substrate;
(6) glaze firing: glaze firing comprises drying, oxidation, reduction, one-tenth porcelain, insulation double teacher successively, at its drying stage, little fire heats up 3 ~ 4 hours, makes kiln temperature slowly rise to 620 DEG C ~ 680 DEG C; At oxidation stage, with 4 ~ 5 hours, kiln temperature is promoted to 950 DEG C, makes base substrate obtain fully being oxidized slowly, then use about l hours, make kiln temperature rise to 980 DEG C and carry out transition insulation; At its reduction phase: from 980 DEG C, carry out strong firing with reductive flame, heat-up rate controls at 1 DEG C ~ 1.5 DEG C/min, and kiln temperature rises to 1260 DEG C from 980 DEG C, and gaseous-pressure is enlarged to 0.02 ~ 0.05Mpa, carries out the strong reduction reaction of 3 ~ 4 hours; Become the porcelain stage at it, turn gaseous-pressure to 0.005 ~ 0.02Mpa down, reduce reducing atmosphere, within 2 hours, cellar for storing things temperature is raised to 1300 DEG C from 1260 DEG C; At its holding stage, keep kiln temperature flame-out after about 2 hours between 1290 DEG C ~ 1300 DEG C;
(7) kiln discharge is cooled: after glaze firing completes, after naturally cooling to room temperature, get final product kiln discharge.
3. in accordance with the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that: before glazing, glaze slip proportion is adjusted to 55 ~ 62 ° of B é.
4. according to the method described in Claims 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: before glazing, moisturizing is carried out to the billet surface through dedusting.
5. according to the method described in Claims 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: in glazing process, the thickness controlling glaze layer is 1.5 ~ 2.5mm.
6. in accordance with the method for claim 4, it is characterized in that: in glazing process, the thickness controlling glaze layer is 1.5 ~ 2.5mm.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201410444456.7A CN104211445A (en) | 2014-09-03 | 2014-09-03 | Longquan celadon iron glaze and method for manufacturing celadon iron glaze product by using same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201410444456.7A CN104211445A (en) | 2014-09-03 | 2014-09-03 | Longquan celadon iron glaze and method for manufacturing celadon iron glaze product by using same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN104211445A true CN104211445A (en) | 2014-12-17 |
Family
ID=52093410
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201410444456.7A Pending CN104211445A (en) | 2014-09-03 | 2014-09-03 | Longquan celadon iron glaze and method for manufacturing celadon iron glaze product by using same |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN104211445A (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105503148A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-20 | 龙泉市金宏瓷业有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength magnesium Longquan celadon billet, glaze and product |
CN105565902A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-11 | 河南廷怀汝瓷科技有限公司 | Active-state ceramic earthenware |
CN105565789A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-11 | 河南廷怀汝瓷科技有限公司 | Active magnetizing glaze ceramic |
CN105622167A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-06-01 | 河南廷怀汝瓷科技有限公司 | Production method for live porcelain earthenware |
CN106396614A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 平定县冠窑砂器陶艺有限公司 | Tea making furnace and manufacturing method thereof |
CN107382065A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-11-24 | 大唐(龙泉)青瓷有限公司 | A kind of secret color glaze of celadon and preparation method thereof and secret color glaze porcelain |
CN108484103A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-04 | 遂昌县文昌青瓷厂 | A kind of double-colored mud Zijin soil celadon pot manufacture craft |
CN109502976A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-22 | 慈溪市新越青瓷有限公司 | A kind of Over-summer cultivation mineral glaze and its Over-summer cultivation mineral glaze preparation process |
CN110483102A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-22 | 陈成清 | The processing method of ceramic teapot |
CN110772100A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-11 | 邵豪 | Functional health-preserving porcelain and manufacturing method thereof |
CN112279513A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-01-29 | 华宁县宁州舒氏陶艺有限责任公司 | Secret color glaze and preparation method thereof |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101734948A (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2010-06-16 | 李邦强 | Longquan official ware celadon glaze of the Ming Dynasty and method for manufacturing Longquan official ware celadon product of the Ming Dynasty by using glaze |
-
2014
- 2014-09-03 CN CN201410444456.7A patent/CN104211445A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101734948A (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2010-06-16 | 李邦强 | Longquan official ware celadon glaze of the Ming Dynasty and method for manufacturing Longquan official ware celadon product of the Ming Dynasty by using glaze |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
俞康泰: "《现代陶瓷色釉料与装饰技术手册》", 31 May 1999, 武汉工业大学出版社 * |
唐家民: "浅析铁釉、窑变釉在石湾陶艺中的应用", 《佛山陶瓷》 * |
林星泵: "利用磁铁矿尾渣开发陶瓷铁釉", 《陶瓷科学与艺术》 * |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105565902A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-11 | 河南廷怀汝瓷科技有限公司 | Active-state ceramic earthenware |
CN105565789A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-11 | 河南廷怀汝瓷科技有限公司 | Active magnetizing glaze ceramic |
CN105622167A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-06-01 | 河南廷怀汝瓷科技有限公司 | Production method for live porcelain earthenware |
CN105503148A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-04-20 | 龙泉市金宏瓷业有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength magnesium Longquan celadon billet, glaze and product |
CN105503148B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-11-14 | 龙泉市金宏瓷业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the base of high strength magnesium Longquan celadon, glaze and product |
CN106396614A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 平定县冠窑砂器陶艺有限公司 | Tea making furnace and manufacturing method thereof |
CN107382065A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-11-24 | 大唐(龙泉)青瓷有限公司 | A kind of secret color glaze of celadon and preparation method thereof and secret color glaze porcelain |
CN108484103A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-04 | 遂昌县文昌青瓷厂 | A kind of double-colored mud Zijin soil celadon pot manufacture craft |
CN109502976A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-22 | 慈溪市新越青瓷有限公司 | A kind of Over-summer cultivation mineral glaze and its Over-summer cultivation mineral glaze preparation process |
CN110483102A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-22 | 陈成清 | The processing method of ceramic teapot |
CN110772100A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-11 | 邵豪 | Functional health-preserving porcelain and manufacturing method thereof |
CN112279513A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-01-29 | 华宁县宁州舒氏陶艺有限责任公司 | Secret color glaze and preparation method thereof |
CN112279513B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-04-29 | 华宁县宁州舒氏陶艺有限责任公司 | Secret color glaze and preparation method thereof |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN104211445A (en) | Longquan celadon iron glaze and method for manufacturing celadon iron glaze product by using same | |
CN104909832B (en) | Gold metal glaze and preparation method thereof | |
CN105541288B (en) | A kind of high-performance low bulk and function far infrared radiation function heat-proof purple sand cooker and preparation method thereof | |
CN103964899B (en) | Purple-clay product glaze compositions | |
CN102320813B (en) | Heat-resistant ceramic edible vessel capable of being burnt over open flame and production method thereof | |
CN104030661B (en) | Volcanic rock ceramic implement articles for use and preparation method thereof | |
CN106495742B (en) | Anti- wax stone bonding glaze, anti-wax stone bonding ceramics and its preparation process | |
CN104030733A (en) | Moon-white Song-dynasty official and brother kiln glaze material, moon-white Song-dynasty official and brother kiln porcelain and preparation method of porcelain | |
CN105753515A (en) | Preparation method of speckled glaze | |
CN104003758B (en) | The glaze of purple sand tea set and glazing technology | |
CN106336198A (en) | Ceramic material for electric cooker inner tank use | |
CN109095775A (en) | A kind of clear frit and preparation method thereof suitable for high-strength ceramic whiteware | |
CN102795845A (en) | Stewing porcelain for electromagnetic oven and production method of porcelain | |
CN108793747A (en) | The preparation method of bluish yellow cladding furnace transmutation glaze product on a kind of pottery tire | |
CN106517781B (en) | A kind of Zijin glaze and preparation method thereof | |
CN104860652A (en) | Novel method for firing Jianshui purple pottery | |
CN106430959A (en) | Tea-dust glaze and preparation method thereof | |
CN109133870A (en) | A kind of health environment-friendly domestic ceramics and preparation method thereof | |
CN103183526A (en) | Rust glaze and method for making product thereof | |
CN105601110B (en) | Black silver drop reduction furnace transmutation glaze and the black silver drop prepared with it restore transmutation glazed pottery ceramic products and preparation method | |
CN101857369A (en) | Ancient submetallic glaze and preparation method thereof | |
CN101961203A (en) | Environmental-friendly heat-resistant microcrystal color ceramic container and manufacturing method thereof | |
CN105110643A (en) | Formula for metal glaze with high-gloss copper golden effect, preparation and usage method | |
CN110015883A (en) | Tea ceramic kettle is boiled in health | |
CN108706880A (en) | A kind of red glaze of corrosion resistant an ancient unit of weight and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20141217 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |