CN104195707B - A kind of damp and hot drawing-off Fushun formula improves the post-treatment method of ring ingot spun yarn structure - Google Patents
A kind of damp and hot drawing-off Fushun formula improves the post-treatment method of ring ingot spun yarn structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种湿热牵伸抚顺式改善环锭短纤纱结构的后加工方法,属于纺织加工技术领域。本发明采用浸纱辊浸压方式对环锭短纤纱内外层实施充分浸润,浸润后的环锭短纤纱在设置有槽式加热装置的牵伸区内进行湿热牵伸处理,短纤纱受牵伸力作用伸展和消除内部纤维弯钩、增加纤维取向,改善短纤纱内部结构;短纤纱在牵伸过程中捻回将动态自调重排,纱体主干产生扭转,与槽式加热装置内壁抚顺接触,重新缠绕毛羽到纱体主干,改善短纤纱外层结构;处理后短纤纱经热烘干定型,稳定和固化优化结构,有效实现对环锭短纤纱内、外层结构协同调控和改善,大幅提高纤维利用率和纱线强度。本方法适用范围广,操作方便,易于大面积推广使用。
The invention relates to a post-processing method for improving the structure of ring spun spun yarn by moist heat drafting and smoothing, and belongs to the technical field of textile processing. In the present invention, the inner and outer layers of the ring-spun spun yarn are fully infiltrated by dipping rollers, and the soaked ring-spun spun yarn is subjected to wet-heat drafting treatment in a drafting area equipped with a trough heating device, and the spun yarn Stretch and eliminate internal fiber hooks under the action of drafting force, increase fiber orientation, and improve the internal structure of spun yarn; the twisting of spun yarn will dynamically self-adjust and rearrange during the drafting process, and the main body of the yarn body will be twisted, which is similar to the groove type The inner wall of the heating device touches smoothly, rewinds the hairiness to the main body of the yarn body, and improves the outer structure of the spun yarn; after the treatment, the spun yarn is heat-dried and shaped, stabilized and cured to optimize the structure, and effectively realize the internal and external adjustment of the ring-spun spun yarn. Coordinated adjustment and improvement of the layer structure greatly improves fiber utilization and yarn strength. The method has wide applicability, convenient operation, and is easy to popularize and use in a large area.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种湿热牵伸抚顺式改善环锭短纤纱结构的后加工方法,属于纺织加工技术领域。 The invention relates to a post-processing method for improving the structure of ring spun spun yarn by moist heat drafting and smoothing, and belongs to the technical field of textile processing.
技术背景 technical background
纱线力学性能不仅是衡量纱线质量的重要指标,而且决定纱线后续生产加工品质和效率,特别是无梭喷气织机高速织造特征,对纱线强伸性、耐磨性等力学性能要求非常高。纱线的力学性能取决于纤维材料自身性能和成品纱线结构,纱线表层结构(如毛羽指标)影响纱线耐磨性能,纱体内部结构中的纤维排列、抱合形式是影响纱线强伸性能的关键因素。然而,在实际纺纱加捻卷绕成形之后的纱线表面毛羽多、内部纤维弯钩多、纱体中纤维取向度差,直接导致成纱耐磨性、强伸性差。因此通过后加工工序,有效调控和改善成纱结构,提升纱线外观和机械性能,对纱线高品质、高效率生产加工具有十分重要的意义。 Yarn mechanical properties are not only an important index to measure yarn quality, but also determine the quality and efficiency of subsequent yarn production and processing, especially the high-speed weaving characteristics of shuttleless air-jet looms, which require mechanical properties such as yarn strength and wear resistance very high. The mechanical properties of the yarn depend on the properties of the fiber material itself and the structure of the finished yarn. The surface structure of the yarn (such as the hairiness index) affects the wear resistance of the yarn. key factor in performance. However, after the actual spinning, twisting and winding forming, the yarn has more hairiness on the surface, more internal fiber hooks, and poor fiber orientation in the yarn body, which directly leads to poor wear resistance and strong elongation of the yarn. Therefore, through the post-processing process, it is of great significance to effectively control and improve the yarn structure, and improve the appearance and mechanical properties of the yarn, for the high-quality and high-efficiency production and processing of the yarn.
纱线内部结构的特征取决于纺纱工序,不同纺纱方法和形式、纺纱工艺都会影响纱线内部结构:握持端纺纱方法代表环锭纺纱技术,属于前罗拉钳口握持纤维须条,通过钢丝圈沿钢领绕锭子旋转加捻,纱线内部纤维呈内外转移的螺旋轨迹构象,纱体结构相对紧致、且较均匀,纱线强力较高;自由端纺纱方法代表之一转杯纺,属于转杯凝聚槽内纤维条内纤维间搭接加捻成纱,纱线内部纤维内外转移少,呈分层式的芯层致密、外层松弛状螺旋轨迹构象,因此纱线强力较低;自由端纺纱方法代表之一涡流纺,通过涡旋气流作用对纤维须条进行包缠加捻成纱,纱线内部纤维呈头端平行排列在芯层、尾端呈渐开式螺旋状直至包缠在纱体外表的构象,内外转移严重不足,纤维抱合力差,因此纱线强力很低。由此可见,一般机织用纱都是采用环锭纱线;然而环锭短纤纱结构仍存在纤维排列整齐度较低、表层致密性较差、纤维抱合力不足等问题,无法直接用于高速高效率织造,待完善空间大。 The characteristics of the internal structure of the yarn depend on the spinning process. Different spinning methods and forms and spinning processes will affect the internal structure of the yarn: the holding end spinning method represents the ring spinning technology, which belongs to the fiber held by the front roller nip The sliver is twisted by the steel ring around the spindle through the steel ring, and the inner fibers of the yarn are in the helical trajectory conformation of internal and external transfer. The yarn structure is relatively compact and uniform, and the yarn strength is high; the open-end spinning method represents One of them is rotor spinning, which belongs to the overlapping and twisting of the fibers in the fiber strips in the rotor coagulation groove, and the inner and outer fibers of the yarn have less internal and external transfer, and the layered core layer is dense and the outer layer is loose. Yarn strength is low; vortex spinning, one of the representative open-end spinning methods, wraps and twists the fiber strands through the action of vortex airflow to form a yarn. Involute helical conformation until wrapping on the surface of the yarn body, the internal and external transfer is seriously insufficient, and the fiber cohesion is poor, so the yarn strength is very low. It can be seen that the general weaving yarn is ring-spun yarn; however, the ring-spun spun yarn structure still has problems such as low fiber arrangement, poor surface compactness, and insufficient fiber cohesion, which cannot be directly used High-speed and high-efficiency weaving, there is a lot of space to be perfected.
环锭纱表层致密性差主要表现在纱线毛羽多。纱线表层结构的毛羽产生于细纱加工工序,其机理是内外转移纤维的头端露出纱体之后,脱离钳口握持作用,无法再次进入或包缠在纱体主干上,形成毛羽。毛羽增长于络筒和整经工序,其根本原因在于:纱线表面毛羽多、结构松弛,在络筒、整经等纱线高速运行工序中,纱线经导纱部件、张力部件等机件,遭受剧烈摩擦,致使纱体内部纤维头端被抽拔游离于纱体表面,毛羽剧增、表层结构严重破坏。为了减少纱线表层结构受损,实现纱线顺利织造,纺织企业一般都对整经后纱线进行浆纱处理,浆纱工序是在不改变纱线内部结构的前提下,贴附纱线毛羽,增加耐磨性,同时对通过浆料浸透到纱体内部增加纱线强力。但经纱通常采用片纱上浆,片纱上浆就会导致纱线相互粘连,需要湿、干分绞,纱线分绞时相互撕扯破坏纱体表面浆膜、产生二次毛羽。由此可见,改善纱线表层结构致密度、消除纱线毛羽宜在上浆之前进行。 The poor compactness of the surface layer of ring-spun yarn is mainly manifested in the high hairiness of the yarn. The hairiness of the yarn surface structure occurs in the spinning process. The mechanism is that after the head end of the internally and externally transferred fibers is exposed from the yarn body, it breaks away from the grip of the jaws and cannot re-enter or wrap around the main body of the yarn body, forming hairiness. The hairiness increases in the winding and warping process. The root cause is that there are many hairiness on the surface of the yarn and the structure is loose. , subjected to severe friction, resulting in the fiber end inside the yarn body being pulled out and freed from the surface of the yarn body, the hairiness increased sharply, and the surface structure was severely damaged. In order to reduce the damage to the surface structure of the yarn and realize the smooth weaving of the yarn, textile enterprises generally carry out sizing treatment on the warped yarn. The sizing process is to attach the yarn hairiness without changing the internal structure of the yarn. , increase wear resistance, and at the same time increase yarn strength through size penetration into the yarn body. However, warp yarns are usually sized with sheet yarns. Sizing of sheet yarns will cause the yarns to stick to each other, requiring wet and dry skeining. When the yarns are spun, they tear each other and destroy the size film on the surface of the yarn body, resulting in secondary hairiness. It can be seen that improving the density of the yarn surface structure and eliminating yarn hairiness should be carried out before sizing.
针对环锭细纱工序改善纱线结构,国内外的学者做过大量的研究。通常采用两种途径,一种是采用常规方法优化普通环锭纺纱工艺,该方法只能一定程度上改善纱线外层结构,毛羽降低效果有限;另一种是采用新型纺纱技术或专用消除毛羽装置来消除表层结构的毛羽,新型纺纱技术同时对纱线内部结构有一定调节和改善作用。目前新型环锭纺纱技术代表是紧密纺纱技术,如美国知识产权局1984年12月18日公开的发明专利“Deviceforstretching,condensingandtransportingaroveoffibersduringaspinningoperation”,专利号US4488397;美国知识产权局2000年6月13日公开的发明专利“Deviceforcondensingadraftedfiberstrand”,专利号6073314;美国知识产权局2000年6月13日公开的发明专利“Deviceforcondensingadraftedfiberstrand”,专利号6073314;美国知识产权局2000年7月4日公开的发明专利“Arrangementforcondensingadraftedfiberstrand”,专利号6082089;美国知识产权局2001年1月9日公开的发明专利“Transportbeltfortransportingafiberstrandtobecondensed”,专利号US6170126B1;美国知识产权局2001年7月24日公开的发明专利“Arrangementandmethodforcondensingadraftedfiberstrandandmethodformakingyarnthereform”,专利号US6263656B1;美国知识产权局2001年8月14日公开的发明专利“Apparatusforcondensingadraftedstrand”,专利号US6272834B1;美国知识产权局2001年5月29日公开的发明专利“Condensingzoneforaspinningmachine”,专利号US6237317B1。上述紧密纺纱技术专利公案的核心原理都是针环锭纺纱过程,聚集纺纱三角区纤维须条,加强对纤维须条边缘纤维控制,有效降低纺纱过程纤维头端外露,降低纱线毛羽,改善纱线表层结构,纱线耐磨性提高;同时,紧密纺消除纺纱三角区,排列整齐的须条纤维刚出前罗拉钳口,就直接被加捻成纱,纱体内部纤维排列整齐度大幅提高,成纱强力增大。然而纺纱三角区缺失,成纱内部结构中纤维内外转移不足,纱线拉伸弹性伸长、断裂伸长性能变差;目前成熟的紧密纺纱技术是通过负压气流集聚作用来完成,安装成本、运行成本、维护成本高,已成为一种贵族纺纱方法。 Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on improving the yarn structure in the ring spinning process. Two approaches are usually adopted, one is to optimize the ordinary ring spinning process by conventional methods, which can only improve the outer layer structure of the yarn to a certain extent, and the hairiness reduction effect is limited; the other is to adopt new spinning technology or special The hairiness elimination device can eliminate the hairiness of the surface structure, and the new spinning technology can also adjust and improve the internal structure of the yarn. At present, the representative of new ring spinning technology is compact spinning technology, such as the invention patent "Device for stretching, condensing and transporting arove officers during spinning operation" published by the United States Intellectual Property Office on December 18, 1984, the patent number is US4488397; the United States Intellectual Property Office published on June 13, 2000 The invention patent "Device for condensing adrafted fiberstrand", patent number 6073314; the invention patent "Device for condensing adrafted fiberstrand" published by the United States Intellectual Property Office on June 13, 2000, patent number 6073314; , Patent No. 6082089; the invention patent "Transportbeltfortransportingafiberstrandtobecondensed" published by the United States Intellectual Property Office on January 9, 2001, the patent number US6170126B1; The invention patent "Apparatus for condensing a drafted strand" published by the Intellectual Property Office on August 14, 2001, patent number US6272834B1; the invention patent "Condensing zone for aspinning machine" published by the United States Intellectual Property Office on May 29, 2001, patent number US6237317B1. The core principle of the above-mentioned compact spinning technology patent case is the needle ring spinning process, which gathers the fiber strands in the spinning triangle area, strengthens the control of the fibers at the edge of the fiber strands, effectively reduces the exposure of the fiber tip during the spinning process, and reduces the yarn loss. Hairiness improves the surface structure of the yarn and improves the wear resistance of the yarn; at the same time, compact spinning eliminates the spinning triangle area, and the neatly arranged whiskers are directly twisted into yarn as soon as they come out of the nip of the front roller, and the fibers inside the yarn body are arranged The uniformity is greatly improved, and the strength of the yarn is increased. However, the spinning triangle area is missing, the internal and external transfer of fibers in the internal structure of the yarn is insufficient, and the yarn tensile elastic elongation and elongation at break performance are deteriorated; the current mature compact spinning technology is completed by negative pressure airflow aggregation, installation Cost, running cost, maintenance cost are high, it has become an aristocratic spinning method.
采用专用消除毛羽装置来消除毛羽,共同特点以及局限在于:只能改善纱线表层结构,而对纱线内部结构不起作用。消除毛羽装置可安置在细纱工序,也可应用于络筒工序。目前使用的细纱专用降低毛羽装置是采用气流喷射形式,安装在前罗拉和导纱钩之间,利用气流的回转使外露毛羽贴伏在纱线表面,只能在一定程度上改善纱线表层结构。如美国知识产权局1979年4月10日公开的发明专利“methodandapparatusyarntreatment”,专利号41481779、美国知识产权局1989年8月22日公开的发明专利“methodandapparatusformodifyingspuntextileyarn”,专利号5263311。这些研究主要差别在于由于气流喷射装置的不同导致纱线表面纤维受力方向不同,从而产生不同的卷绕效果而导致纱线毛羽消除效果的不同。但是由于这些装置的只能安装在加捻三角区后(因加捻三角区中的纤维基本成散纤维状,喷射的气流会导致纤维运动混乱而断头),其气流吹拂对象为纱线和纱线表面毛羽,吹拂两对象的受气流转动效果不同,实现将毛羽以简单贴伏及松弛缠绕的形式留在纱线表面;在后道工序(如络筒)加工中,机件摩擦抽拔纱线表层纤维头端,松弛贴附和缠绕的毛羽重新显露出来,达不到真正消除毛羽的效果。 The common feature and limitation of using a special hair removal device to eliminate hairiness is that it can only improve the surface structure of the yarn, but has no effect on the internal structure of the yarn. The de-hairiness device can be placed in the spinning process, and can also be used in the winding process. The currently used hairiness reduction device for spun yarn is in the form of air jetting, installed between the front roller and the yarn guide hook, and uses the rotation of the airflow to make the exposed hairiness stick to the surface of the yarn, which can only improve the surface structure of the yarn to a certain extent . Such as the invention patent "methodandapparatusyarntreatment" published by the United States Intellectual Property Office on April 10, 1979, patent number 41481779, and the invention patent "methodandapparatusformodifyingspuntextilearn" published by the United States Intellectual Property Office on August 22, 1989, patent number 5263311. The main difference of these studies is that the direction of force on the fiber on the surface of the yarn is different due to the difference in the air injection device, resulting in different winding effects and resulting in different yarn hairiness elimination effects. However, since these devices can only be installed after the twisting triangular area (because the fibers in the twisting triangular area are basically in the form of loose fibers, the jet air flow will cause fiber movement to be chaotic and end broken), the air blowing objects are yarn and The hairiness on the surface of the yarn and the blowing effect of the two objects are different, so that the hairiness can be left on the surface of the yarn in the form of simple fit and loose winding; At the fiber end of the yarn surface layer, the loosely attached and entangled hairiness reappears, and the effect of truly eliminating hairiness cannot be achieved.
目前采用络筒专用降低毛羽装置基本工作原理相同:即在纱线在络筒机上采用对前进中的纱线进行解捻-加捻方式,使纱线表面毛羽卷绕在纱线表面,达到减少毛羽的目的。代表性的专利文献有:欧洲专利号为EP0866014A2,公开日1998年09月23日,发明创造名称为AutoWinder,该申请公案采用络筒工艺流程中回转假捻盘的机械作用,使游离纤维沿纱线的捻向贴伏到纱身上来,以减少纱线毛羽;美国专利号为US6374588B1,公开日2002年04月23日,发明创造名称为Hairinesscontrollingdeviceandwinder,该申请公案采用络筒工艺流程中回转假捻盘的机械作用,使游离纤维沿纱线的捻向贴伏到纱体主干上来,以减少纱线毛羽;欧洲专利号为EP1146002A2,公开日2001年10月17日,发明创造名称为Automaticwinderandhairinesssuppressingdevice,该申请公案利用空气涡流管,通过旋转气流的力学作用,使毛羽重新包覆到纱身上,以减少毛羽,但从原理上分析,单凭气流的包缠作用,其包覆效果不好;欧洲专利号EP1013803A2,公开日2000年06月28日,发明创造名称为Hairinesssuppressingdeviceforautomaticwinder,该申请公案同样使用空气涡流管,通过气流使纱线旋转,当旋转的纱线经过控制板(regulatingplate)时,使纤维包缠在纱身上,以减少毛羽;中国专利号为ZL99127507.1,公开日2000年07月05日,发明创造名称为自动络筒机的毛羽倒伏装置,该申请公案同样使用空气涡流管,通过气流使纱线旋转,不过该专利通过在装置两端加装控制器,以保证纱线沿自身轴线回转产生假捻效应,提高减少纱线毛羽的效率。除此之外,中国专利号为ZL200710052991.8,公开日2008年01月23日,发明创造名称为一种减少成纱毛羽的方法,该申请公案提供一种采用假捻熨烫的方式,对络筒及针织过程的纱线进行在线贴附和包缠纱线毛羽,极少部分毛羽卷入纱体,实现络筒或针织过程中抑制纱线毛羽增长的目。 At present, the basic working principle of the special hairiness reduction device for winding is the same: that is, the untwisting-twisting method is used to untwist and twist the advancing yarn on the winding machine, so that the hairiness on the surface of the yarn is wound on the surface of the yarn to achieve reduction The purpose of hairiness. Representative patent documents include: European Patent No. EP0866014A2, published on September 23, 1998, and the name of the invention is AutoWinder. The twist direction of the thread is attached to the yarn body to reduce yarn hairiness; US Patent No. US6374588B1, published on April 23, 2002, the invention name is Hairinesscontrollingdeviceandwinder, and the application uses rotary false twist in the winding process. The mechanical action of the disk makes the free fiber stick to the main body of the yarn along the twist direction of the yarn to reduce the hairiness of the yarn; the European patent number is EP1146002A2, the publication date was October 17, 2001, and the invention name is Automaticwinderandhairinesssuppressingdevice. The application uses the air vortex tube to re-wrap the hairiness on the yarn body through the mechanical action of the rotating airflow to reduce the hairiness. However, from a theoretical analysis, the wrapping effect of the airflow alone is not good; the European patent No. EP1013803A2, published on June 28, 2000, the name of the invention is Hairiness suppressing device for automatic winder. This application also uses an air vortex tube to rotate the yarn through the air flow. When the rotating yarn passes through the regulating plate, the fiber package Wrapped on the yarn body to reduce hairiness; Chinese Patent No. ZL99127507.1, published on July 5, 2000, invented and created a hairiness lodging device called an automatic winder. The application also uses an air vortex tube to pass the airflow The yarn is rotated, but the patent installs controllers at both ends of the device to ensure that the yarn rotates along its own axis to produce a false twist effect and improve the efficiency of reducing yarn hairiness. In addition, the Chinese patent number is ZL200710052991.8, published on January 23, 2008, and the name of the invention is a method for reducing yarn hairiness. The application provides a method of ironing with false twist. The yarn in the winding and knitting process is attached and wrapped on-line, and a very small part of the hairiness is involved in the yarn body, so as to achieve the purpose of inhibiting the growth of yarn hairiness in the winding or knitting process.
由此可见,上述采用常规方法优化普通环锭纺纱工艺,该方法问题在于:只能一定程度上改善纱线外层结构,不改变纱线内部纤维构象排列,纱体结构改善效果差,纱线内部纤维仍有较多弯钩、取向度差,纤维力学利用率低,纱线受拉伸作用时断裂强度低。采用新型纺纱技术适用于须条纺制纱线过程,一定程度调节和改善环锭短纤纱表层、内部纤维构象,但其技术局限和问题在于:所涉及的技术仅能用于纱线纺制和成形过程,不适用于成品纱线(即成纱),适用范围小,技术装备安装、运行、维护等成本高。采用专用降低毛羽装置减少纱线表面毛羽的方法和装置,技术局限和问题在于:将环锭短纤维纱表面毛羽通过气流或机械形式倒伏、重新包缠在纱干上,只对纱线表层结构有改善作用,对内部纤维排列构象、伸直度等纱线内部结构不起作用,纱线内部较多弯钩和杂乱排列的纤维导致纤维力学利用率低,纱线断裂强度低;且毛羽倒伏、重新包缠结构松散,纱线表层致密化改善程度不足,毛羽经易再次反弹,对纱线后道工序的加工和最终产品的质量没有本质改善。 It can be seen that the above-mentioned conventional method is used to optimize the ordinary ring spinning process. The problem of this method is that it can only improve the outer layer structure of the yarn to a certain extent, without changing the internal fiber conformation arrangement of the yarn, and the effect of improving the structure of the yarn body is poor. There are still many hooks in the fibers inside the thread, the degree of orientation is poor, the mechanical utilization rate of the fibers is low, and the breaking strength of the yarn is low when the yarn is stretched. The new spinning technology is suitable for the process of yarn spinning from sliver spinning, and can adjust and improve the surface layer and internal fiber conformation of ring-spun spun yarn to a certain extent, but its technical limitations and problems are: the technology involved can only be used for yarn spinning It is not suitable for the finished yarn (i.e. finished yarn), the scope of application is small, and the cost of technical equipment installation, operation and maintenance is high. The method and device for reducing hairiness on the surface of the yarn by using a special hairiness reduction device has technical limitations and problems: the surface hairiness of the ring-spun staple fiber yarn is laid down and rewrapped on the yarn stem through airflow or mechanical form, and only the surface layer structure of the yarn is affected. It has an improvement effect, but it has no effect on the internal structure of the yarn such as the internal fiber arrangement conformation and straightness. There are many hooks and disorderly arranged fibers in the yarn, resulting in low fiber mechanical utilization and low yarn breaking strength; and the hairiness is lodging 1. The re-wrapping structure is loose, the degree of densification of the yarn surface is insufficient, the hairiness is easy to rebound again, and there is no essential improvement in the processing of the yarn in the subsequent process and the quality of the final product.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对上述存在问题,本发明目的在于提供一种湿热牵伸抚顺式改善环锭短纤纱结构的后加工方法,对成形后的环锭短纤纱表层、内层结构实施协同优化,其技术解决方案为: In view of the above-mentioned existing problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a post-processing method for improving the structure of ring-spun spun yarn by wet-heat drafting and smoothing, and implement synergistic optimization on the surface layer and inner layer structure of the formed ring-spun spun yarn, and its technical solution The scheme is:
一种湿热牵伸抚顺式改善环锭短纤纱结构的后加工方法,将环锭短纤纱从筒纱卷装上退绕下来,经第一导纱轮浸入到浸润槽的溶液中,经浸纱辊浸压浸润,浸润后的湿态环锭短纤纱经第二导纱轮进入到由后罗拉、后胶辊与前罗拉、前胶辊组成的牵伸区,湿态环锭短纤纱经牵伸区内设置的槽式加热装置,并与槽式加热装置内壁抚顺接触,受到湿热牵伸抚顺处理,湿热牵伸倍数为1.05-2.0倍,湿态环锭短纤纱内部带弯钩螺旋构象短纤维受牵伸力作用而伸展和增加取向,同时进行力学扭转,扭转的环锭短纤纱表层毛羽在与槽式加热装置内壁抚顺接触过程中,重新缠绕到环锭短纤纱主干上而消除,湿热牵伸抚顺处理后的环锭短纤纱经由前罗拉、前胶辊组成的前钳口输出,经热吹风设备进行非接触干燥处理,干燥处理后环锭短纤纱依次经第一导纱钩、第二导纱钩,卷绕到纱管上。 A post-processing method for improving the structure of ring-spun spun yarn by moist-heat drafting and smoothing. The ring-spun spun yarn is unwound from the bobbin package, immersed in the solution of the soaking tank through the first yarn guide wheel, and passed through the first yarn guide wheel. The dipping roller is soaked and soaked, and the soaked wet ring-spun spun yarn enters the drafting zone composed of the rear roller, the rear rubber roller, the front roller and the front rubber roller through the second yarn guide wheel, and the wet ring spun yarn is short The spun yarn passes through the trough heating device installed in the drafting area, and is in contact with the inner wall of the trough heating device, and is subjected to moist heat drafting and fushun treatment. The staple fiber in the hook helical conformation is stretched and oriented by the drawing force, and at the same time undergoes mechanical torsion. The surface hairiness of the twisted ring-spun spun yarn rewinds to the ring-spun staple fiber in the process of smooth contact with the inner wall of the trough heating device. The yarn trunk is eliminated, and the ring-spun spun yarn after moist heat drafting and Fushun treatment is output through the front nip composed of front rollers and front rubber rollers, and is subjected to non-contact drying treatment by hot air blowing equipment. After drying, the ring-spun spun yarn Through the first yarn guide hook and the second yarn guide hook in turn, it is wound onto the bobbin.
所述的溶液为浓度2-5%的JFC水溶液。 The solution is a JFC aqueous solution with a concentration of 2-5%.
所述的槽式加热装置内壁温度为80-160℃。 The inner wall temperature of the trough heating device is 80-160°C.
所述的热吹风设备出口与环锭短纤纱的垂直距离为5-20毫米,处理温度为100-150℃。 The vertical distance between the outlet of the hot blowing device and the ring-spun spun yarn is 5-20 mm, and the treatment temperature is 100-150°C.
由于采用了以上技术方案,与现有技术相比,本发明的一种湿热牵伸抚顺式改善环锭短纤纱结构的后加工方法,其优点在于:本发明采用浸纱辊浸压方式对环锭短纤纱内外层实施充分浸润,浸润纱线在设置有槽式加热装置的牵伸区内进行湿热牵伸处理,环锭短纤纱受牵伸力作用伸展和消除内部纤维弯钩、增加纤维取向,改善纱线内部结构;环锭短纤纱在牵伸过程中捻回将动态自调重排,环锭短纤纱主干产生扭转,此时采用将环锭短纤纱与槽式加热装置内壁抚顺接触,扭转的纱体表层毛羽受到槽式加热装置内壁抚顺接触作用,重新缠绕到纱体主干上而消除,改善纱线外层结构;同时对湿热牵伸抚顺处理后的环锭短纤纱进行热烘干定型作用,稳定和固化优化调控后的环锭短纤纱结构,不仅有效实现对成纱内、外层结构进行协同调控和改善,大幅提高纤维利用率和纱线强度,而且解决了采用“退捻-解捻法”专用降低毛羽装置降低毛羽时,出现毛羽缠绕和贴服松弛、退捻发生结构松弛而引起条干恶化、后续经受摩擦毛羽反弹等问题。本方法适用范围广,操作方便,易于大面积推广使用。 Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, compared with the prior art, a post-processing method for improving the structure of ring-spun spun yarn by wet-heat drafting and smoothing according to the present invention has the advantage that: the present invention adopts the impregnation method of dipping rollers to The inner and outer layers of the ring-spun spun yarn are fully soaked, and the soaked yarn is subjected to moist heat drafting treatment in the drafting area equipped with a trough heating device. The ring-spun spun yarn is stretched by the drafting force and eliminates internal fiber hooks, Increase the fiber orientation and improve the internal structure of the yarn; the twisting of the ring-spun spun yarn will be dynamically self-adjusted and rearranged during the drafting process, and the backbone of the ring-spun spun yarn will be twisted. At this time, the ring-spun spun yarn and the groove Fushun contact on the inner wall of the heating device, the twisted surface hairiness of the yarn body is affected by the smoothing contact effect on the inner wall of the trough heating device, and is rewound to the main body of the yarn body to eliminate it, improving the outer layer structure of the yarn; at the same time, the ring spindle after wet heat drafting and fushun treatment The thermal drying and setting effect of the spun yarn stabilizes and solidifies the optimized and regulated structure of the ring-spun spun yarn, which not only effectively realizes the coordinated regulation and improvement of the inner and outer structure of the yarn, but also greatly improves the fiber utilization rate and yarn strength , And it solves the problems of hairiness entanglement and laxity when the special hairiness reduction device of "untwisting-untwisting method" is used to reduce hairiness, structure relaxation of untwisting causes deterioration of evenness, subsequent frictional hairiness rebound and other problems. The method has wide applicability, convenient operation, and is easy to popularize and use in a large area.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明的工作原理示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明的一种湿热牵伸抚顺式改善环锭短纤纱结构的后加工方法作进一步详细描述。 A post-processing method for improving the structure of ring-spun spun yarns by wet-heat drafting and smoothing according to the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
见附图 see Attachment
一种湿热牵伸抚顺式改善环锭短纤纱结构的后加工方法,指将环锭短纤纱的筒纱卷装1放置在筒子架16上,在环锭短纤纱处理的路线上依次设有浸润装置、湿热牵伸装置、热吹风设备6、卷绕装置,浸润装置由浸润槽15、第一导纱轮2、第二导纱轮3、浸纱辊14组成,浸润槽15后侧壁上设有第一导纱轮2,浸润槽15前侧壁上设有第二导纱轮3,第一导纱轮2与第二导纱轮3的转动轴相互平行,且轮槽槽底位于同一平面内,浸润槽15槽内设有浸纱辊14,浸纱辊14轴线与第一导纱轮2、第二导纱轮3的转动轴相互平行,浸润槽15内盛有浓度2-5%的JFC水溶液,利于环锭短纤纱的充分浸润,当环锭短纤纱为纤维素纤维时,浸润槽15内水溶液可选用浓度3-10%的常温淀粉浆料水溶液,当环锭短纤纱为纤维素纤维和化学纤维混纺时,浸润槽15内水溶液可选用浓度3-10%的常温丙烯酸类浆料水溶液,且溶液浸没浸纱辊14,湿热牵伸装置由后罗拉13、后胶辊4、前罗拉11、前胶辊5、槽式加热装置12组成,槽式加热装置12位于后罗拉13、后胶辊4与前罗拉11、前胶辊5之间,槽式加热装置12采用美国知识产权局2009年6月30日公开发明专利“Methodandapparatusforproducinghighqualityyarnonaring-spinningmachine”,专利号7552580B2,所涉及的熨烫加热装置,或采用中国知识产权局2009年5月27日授权公布的“一种熨烫纺纱装置”,专利号201245734Y,卷绕装置由锭子、纱管8、钢领板9、第二导纱钩10组成,纱管8插入锭子上,由锭带带动进行旋转,第二导纱钩10固定设置在钢领板9上。从筒纱卷装1上退绕下来的短纤维纱线,经第一导纱轮2浸入到浸润槽15的溶液中,当环锭短纤纱较粗、长毛羽较少时,溶液选用浓度2-5%的JFC水溶液,纱线越粗,JFC浓度越高,有效增加水溶液浸透纱线内部;当环锭短纤纱较细、长毛羽较多时,溶液选用浓度3-10%的常温浆料水溶液,纱线毛羽越多,浆料浓度越高,在有效浸润纱线的同时,利于后续固定环锭短纤纱表层缠绕到纱体主干上的毛羽。经浸纱辊14浸压浸润,浸润后的湿态短纤维纱线经第二导纱轮3进入到由后罗拉13、后胶辊4与前罗拉11、前胶辊5组成的牵伸区,牵伸区内设置有槽式加热装置12,湿态短纤维纱线经槽式加热装置12并与槽式加热装置12内壁抚顺接触,受到湿热牵伸抚顺处理,槽式加热装置12内壁温度为80-160℃,环锭短纤纱越粗,槽式加热装置12内壁温度越高,环锭短纤纱内部带弯钩螺旋构象短纤维受牵伸力作用而伸展和增加取向,同时受牵伸的环锭短纤纱捻回动态自调重排,使得纱线主干产生扭转,扭转的环锭短纤纱表层毛羽在与槽式加热装置12内壁抚顺接触过程中,重新缠绕到环锭短纤纱纱体主干上而消除,湿热牵伸倍数为1.05-2.0倍,当环锭短纤纱自身弹性伸长较小时,选用较小牵伸倍数,避免过度湿热牵伸造成成品纱线结构破坏,当环锭短纤纱自身弹性伸长较大时,选用较大湿热牵伸倍数,有效伸展纱线内部纤维弯钩、增加纤维取向,湿热牵伸抚顺处理后的环锭短纤纱经由前罗拉11、前胶辊5组成的前钳口输出,经热吹风设备6进行非接触干燥处理,热吹风设备6出口与环锭短纤纱的垂直距离为5-20毫米,处理温度为100-150℃,环锭短纤纱越粗处理温度越高,干燥处理后环锭短纤纱依次经第一导纱钩7、第二导纱钩10,第二导纱钩10随钢领板9一起进行有级升的升降运动,引导纱线在交叉卷绕在纱管8上。 A post-processing method for improving the structure of ring-spun spun yarn by moist-heat drafting and smoothing, which refers to placing the bobbin package 1 of ring-spun spun yarn on the creel 16, and sequentially It is equipped with a soaking device, a wet and hot drafting device, a hot blowing device 6, and a winding device. The soaking device is composed of a soaking tank 15, a first yarn guide wheel 2, a second yarn guide wheel 3, and a yarn dipping roller 14. After the soaking tank 15 The first yarn guide wheel 2 is arranged on the side wall, and the second yarn guide wheel 3 is arranged on the front side wall of the infiltration tank 15. The rotation axes of the first yarn guide wheel 2 and the second yarn guide wheel 3 are parallel to each other, and the wheel groove The bottom of the tank is located in the same plane, the soaking tank 15 is provided with a dipping roller 14, the axis of the dipping roll 14 is parallel to the rotation axes of the first yarn guide wheel 2 and the second yarn guide wheel 3, and the soaking tank 15 is filled with The JFC aqueous solution with a concentration of 2-5% is beneficial to the full infiltration of the ring-spun spun yarn. When the ring-spun spun yarn is cellulose fiber, the aqueous solution in the soaking tank 15 can be selected from a normal-temperature starch slurry aqueous solution with a concentration of 3-10%. When the ring-spun spun yarn is blended with cellulose fiber and chemical fiber, the aqueous solution in the soaking tank 15 can be an aqueous solution of acrylic size at room temperature with a concentration of 3-10%, and the solution is immersed in the dipping roller 14, and the wet heat drafting device is controlled by the rear Roller 13, rear rubber roller 4, front roller 11, front rubber roller 5, groove heating device 12, groove heating device 12 is located between rear roller 13, rear rubber roller 4 and front roller 11, front rubber roller 5, The trough heating device 12 adopts the invention patent "Method and apparatus for producing high quality yarn nonaring-spinning machine" published by the United States Intellectual Property Office on June 30, 2009, and the patent number is 7552580B2. Published "an ironing spinning device", patent number 201245734Y, the winding device is composed of a spindle, a bobbin 8, a ring plate 9, and a second yarn guide hook 10, and the bobbin 8 is inserted into the spindle and driven by the spindle belt Rotating, the second yarn guide hook 10 is fixedly arranged on the ring plate 9 . The short-fiber yarn unwound from the bobbin package 1 is immersed in the solution in the soaking tank 15 through the first yarn guide wheel 2. 2-5% JFC aqueous solution, the thicker the yarn, the higher the JFC concentration, which can effectively increase the aqueous solution to penetrate the inside of the yarn; when the ring-spun spun yarn is thinner and has more long hairiness, the solution should use room temperature pulp with a concentration of 3-10% The more the yarn hairiness is, the higher the size concentration will be. While effectively infiltrating the yarn, it will help to fix the hairiness of the surface layer of the ring spun yarn wound on the main body of the yarn body. After being impregnated and soaked by the dipping roller 14, the soaked wet short fiber yarn enters the drafting zone composed of the rear roller 13, the rear rubber roller 4, the front roller 11, and the front rubber roller 5 through the second yarn guide wheel 3 , a trough heating device 12 is arranged in the drafting area, and the wet short fiber yarn passes through the trough heating device 12 and is in contact with the inner wall of the trough heating device 12, and is subjected to moist heat drafting and Fushun treatment, and the temperature of the inner wall of the trough heating device 12 is 80-160°C, the thicker the ring-spun spun yarn, the higher the temperature of the inner wall of the trough heating device 12, and the short fibers in the helical conformation with hooks inside the ring-spun spun yarn are stretched and increase their orientation by the drawing force, and at the same time The twisting and dynamic self-adjusting rearrangement of the drafted ring spun spun yarn causes the yarn backbone to twist, and the surface hairiness of the twisted ring spun spun yarn is rewound to the ring spindle during the smooth contact with the inner wall of the trough heating device 12. The main body of the spun yarn is eliminated, and the wet and hot draft ratio is 1.05-2.0 times. When the elastic elongation of the ring spun spun yarn itself is small, a smaller draft ratio is selected to avoid excessive wet and hot drafting resulting in the structure of the finished yarn Destruction, when the elastic elongation of the ring-spun spun yarn itself is relatively large, a larger wet-heat drafting multiple is selected to effectively stretch the inner fiber hooks of the yarn and increase fiber orientation. The front nip output formed by the front roller 11 and the front rubber roller 5 is subjected to non-contact drying treatment through the hot air blowing equipment 6. The vertical distance between the hot air blowing equipment 6 outlet and the ring spun spun yarn is 5-20 mm, and the treatment temperature is 100 -150°C, the thicker the ring-spun spun yarn, the higher the treatment temperature. After the drying treatment, the ring-spun spun yarn passes through the first yarn guide hook 7 and the second yarn guide hook 10 in sequence, and the second yarn guide hook 10 follows the ring plate 9 carry out the ascending and descending movement that has step-up together, and guiding yarn is wound on bobbin 8 in crossing.
附表为具体实施例的处理工艺和处理效果。 The accompanying table is the treatment process and treatment effect of specific examples.
附表 schedule
。 .
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GB1076842A (en) * | 1963-05-08 | 1967-07-26 | Mackie & Sons Ltd J | Improvements relating to spining |
GB1139901A (en) * | 1965-07-02 | 1969-01-15 | Mackie & Sons Ltd J | Improvements relating to spinning frames |
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