CN104195707B - A kind of damp and hot drawing-off Fushun formula improves the post-treatment method of ring ingot spun yarn structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a post-processing method for improving the structure of ring spun spun yarn by moist heat drafting and smoothing, and belongs to the technical field of textile processing. In the present invention, the inner and outer layers of the ring-spun spun yarn are fully infiltrated by dipping rollers, and the soaked ring-spun spun yarn is subjected to wet-heat drafting treatment in a drafting area equipped with a trough heating device, and the spun yarn Stretch and eliminate internal fiber hooks under the action of drafting force, increase fiber orientation, and improve the internal structure of spun yarn; the twisting of spun yarn will dynamically self-adjust and rearrange during the drafting process, and the main body of the yarn body will be twisted, which is similar to the groove type The inner wall of the heating device touches smoothly, rewinds the hairiness to the main body of the yarn body, and improves the outer structure of the spun yarn; after the treatment, the spun yarn is heat-dried and shaped, stabilized and cured to optimize the structure, and effectively realize the internal and external adjustment of the ring-spun spun yarn. Coordinated adjustment and improvement of the layer structure greatly improves fiber utilization and yarn strength. The method has wide applicability, convenient operation, and is easy to popularize and use in a large area.

Description

A post-processing method for improving the structure of ring-spun spun yarn by moist heat drafting and smoothing

technical field

The invention relates to a post-processing method for improving the structure of ring spun spun yarn by moist heat drafting and smoothing, and belongs to the technical field of textile processing.

technical background

Yarn mechanical properties are not only an important index to measure yarn quality, but also determine the quality and efficiency of subsequent yarn production and processing, especially the high-speed weaving characteristics of shuttleless air-jet looms, which require mechanical properties such as yarn strength and wear resistance very high. The mechanical properties of the yarn depend on the properties of the fiber material itself and the structure of the finished yarn. The surface structure of the yarn (such as the hairiness index) affects the wear resistance of the yarn. key factor in performance. However, after the actual spinning, twisting and winding forming, the yarn has more hairiness on the surface, more internal fiber hooks, and poor fiber orientation in the yarn body, which directly leads to poor wear resistance and strong elongation of the yarn. Therefore, through the post-processing process, it is of great significance to effectively control and improve the yarn structure, and improve the appearance and mechanical properties of the yarn, for the high-quality and high-efficiency production and processing of the yarn.

The characteristics of the internal structure of the yarn depend on the spinning process. Different spinning methods and forms and spinning processes will affect the internal structure of the yarn: the holding end spinning method represents the ring spinning technology, which belongs to the fiber held by the front roller nip The sliver is twisted by the steel ring around the spindle through the steel ring, and the inner fibers of the yarn are in the helical trajectory conformation of internal and external transfer. The yarn structure is relatively compact and uniform, and the yarn strength is high; the open-end spinning method represents One of them is rotor spinning, which belongs to the overlapping and twisting of the fibers in the fiber strips in the rotor coagulation groove, and the inner and outer fibers of the yarn have less internal and external transfer, and the layered core layer is dense and the outer layer is loose. Yarn strength is low; vortex spinning, one of the representative open-end spinning methods, wraps and twists the fiber strands through the action of vortex airflow to form a yarn. Involute helical conformation until wrapping on the surface of the yarn body, the internal and external transfer is seriously insufficient, and the fiber cohesion is poor, so the yarn strength is very low. It can be seen that the general weaving yarn is ring-spun yarn; however, the ring-spun spun yarn structure still has problems such as low fiber arrangement, poor surface compactness, and insufficient fiber cohesion, which cannot be directly used High-speed and high-efficiency weaving, there is a lot of space to be perfected.

The poor compactness of the surface layer of ring-spun yarn is mainly manifested in the high hairiness of the yarn. The hairiness of the yarn surface structure occurs in the spinning process. The mechanism is that after the head end of the internally and externally transferred fibers is exposed from the yarn body, it breaks away from the grip of the jaws and cannot re-enter or wrap around the main body of the yarn body, forming hairiness. The hairiness increases in the winding and warping process. The root cause is that there are many hairiness on the surface of the yarn and the structure is loose. , subjected to severe friction, resulting in the fiber end inside the yarn body being pulled out and freed from the surface of the yarn body, the hairiness increased sharply, and the surface structure was severely damaged. In order to reduce the damage to the surface structure of the yarn and realize the smooth weaving of the yarn, textile enterprises generally carry out sizing treatment on the warped yarn. The sizing process is to attach the yarn hairiness without changing the internal structure of the yarn. , increase wear resistance, and at the same time increase yarn strength through size penetration into the yarn body. However, warp yarns are usually sized with sheet yarns. Sizing of sheet yarns will cause the yarns to stick to each other, requiring wet and dry skeining. When the yarns are spun, they tear each other and destroy the size film on the surface of the yarn body, resulting in secondary hairiness. It can be seen that improving the density of the yarn surface structure and eliminating yarn hairiness should be carried out before sizing.

Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on improving the yarn structure in the ring spinning process. Two approaches are usually adopted, one is to optimize the ordinary ring spinning process by conventional methods, which can only improve the outer layer structure of the yarn to a certain extent, and the hairiness reduction effect is limited; the other is to adopt new spinning technology or special The hairiness elimination device can eliminate the hairiness of the surface structure, and the new spinning technology can also adjust and improve the internal structure of the yarn. At present, the representative of new ring spinning technology is compact spinning technology, such as the invention patent "Device for stretching, condensing and transporting arove officers during spinning operation" published by the United States Intellectual Property Office on December 18, 1984, the patent number is US4488397; the United States Intellectual Property Office published on June 13, 2000 The invention patent "Device for condensing adrafted fiberstrand", patent number 6073314; the invention patent "Device for condensing adrafted fiberstrand" published by the United States Intellectual Property Office on June 13, 2000, patent number 6073314; , Patent No. 6082089; the invention patent "Transportbeltfortransportingafiberstrandtobecondensed" published by the United States Intellectual Property Office on January 9, 2001, the patent number US6170126B1; The invention patent "Apparatus for condensing a drafted strand" published by the Intellectual Property Office on August 14, 2001, patent number US6272834B1; the invention patent "Condensing zone for aspinning machine" published by the United States Intellectual Property Office on May 29, 2001, patent number US6237317B1. The core principle of the above-mentioned compact spinning technology patent case is the needle ring spinning process, which gathers the fiber strands in the spinning triangle area, strengthens the control of the fibers at the edge of the fiber strands, effectively reduces the exposure of the fiber tip during the spinning process, and reduces the yarn loss. Hairiness improves the surface structure of the yarn and improves the wear resistance of the yarn; at the same time, compact spinning eliminates the spinning triangle area, and the neatly arranged whiskers are directly twisted into yarn as soon as they come out of the nip of the front roller, and the fibers inside the yarn body are arranged The uniformity is greatly improved, and the strength of the yarn is increased. However, the spinning triangle area is missing, the internal and external transfer of fibers in the internal structure of the yarn is insufficient, and the yarn tensile elastic elongation and elongation at break performance are deteriorated; the current mature compact spinning technology is completed by negative pressure airflow aggregation, installation Cost, running cost, maintenance cost are high, it has become an aristocratic spinning method.

The common feature and limitation of using a special hair removal device to eliminate hairiness is that it can only improve the surface structure of the yarn, but has no effect on the internal structure of the yarn. The de-hairiness device can be placed in the spinning process, and can also be used in the winding process. The currently used hairiness reduction device for spun yarn is in the form of air jetting, installed between the front roller and the yarn guide hook, and uses the rotation of the airflow to make the exposed hairiness stick to the surface of the yarn, which can only improve the surface structure of the yarn to a certain extent . Such as the invention patent "methodandapparatusyarntreatment" published by the United States Intellectual Property Office on April 10, 1979, patent number 41481779, and the invention patent "methodandapparatusformodifyingspuntextilearn" published by the United States Intellectual Property Office on August 22, 1989, patent number 5263311. The main difference of these studies is that the direction of force on the fiber on the surface of the yarn is different due to the difference in the air injection device, resulting in different winding effects and resulting in different yarn hairiness elimination effects. However, since these devices can only be installed after the twisting triangular area (because the fibers in the twisting triangular area are basically in the form of loose fibers, the jet air flow will cause fiber movement to be chaotic and end broken), the air blowing objects are yarn and The hairiness on the surface of the yarn and the blowing effect of the two objects are different, so that the hairiness can be left on the surface of the yarn in the form of simple fit and loose winding; At the fiber end of the yarn surface layer, the loosely attached and entangled hairiness reappears, and the effect of truly eliminating hairiness cannot be achieved.

At present, the basic working principle of the special hairiness reduction device for winding is the same: that is, the untwisting-twisting method is used to untwist and twist the advancing yarn on the winding machine, so that the hairiness on the surface of the yarn is wound on the surface of the yarn to achieve reduction The purpose of hairiness. Representative patent documents include: European Patent No. EP0866014A2, published on September 23, 1998, and the name of the invention is AutoWinder. The twist direction of the thread is attached to the yarn body to reduce yarn hairiness; US Patent No. US6374588B1, published on April 23, 2002, the invention name is Hairinesscontrollingdeviceandwinder, and the application uses rotary false twist in the winding process. The mechanical action of the disk makes the free fiber stick to the main body of the yarn along the twist direction of the yarn to reduce the hairiness of the yarn; the European patent number is EP1146002A2, the publication date was October 17, 2001, and the invention name is Automaticwinderandhairinesssuppressingdevice. The application uses the air vortex tube to re-wrap the hairiness on the yarn body through the mechanical action of the rotating airflow to reduce the hairiness. However, from a theoretical analysis, the wrapping effect of the airflow alone is not good; the European patent No. EP1013803A2, published on June 28, 2000, the name of the invention is Hairiness suppressing device for automatic winder. This application also uses an air vortex tube to rotate the yarn through the air flow. When the rotating yarn passes through the regulating plate, the fiber package Wrapped on the yarn body to reduce hairiness; Chinese Patent No. ZL99127507.1, published on July 5, 2000, invented and created a hairiness lodging device called an automatic winder. The application also uses an air vortex tube to pass the airflow The yarn is rotated, but the patent installs controllers at both ends of the device to ensure that the yarn rotates along its own axis to produce a false twist effect and improve the efficiency of reducing yarn hairiness. In addition, the Chinese patent number is ZL200710052991.8, published on January 23, 2008, and the name of the invention is a method for reducing yarn hairiness. The application provides a method of ironing with false twist. The yarn in the winding and knitting process is attached and wrapped on-line, and a very small part of the hairiness is involved in the yarn body, so as to achieve the purpose of inhibiting the growth of yarn hairiness in the winding or knitting process.

It can be seen that the above-mentioned conventional method is used to optimize the ordinary ring spinning process. The problem of this method is that it can only improve the outer layer structure of the yarn to a certain extent, without changing the internal fiber conformation arrangement of the yarn, and the effect of improving the structure of the yarn body is poor. There are still many hooks in the fibers inside the thread, the degree of orientation is poor, the mechanical utilization rate of the fibers is low, and the breaking strength of the yarn is low when the yarn is stretched. The new spinning technology is suitable for the process of yarn spinning from sliver spinning, and can adjust and improve the surface layer and internal fiber conformation of ring-spun spun yarn to a certain extent, but its technical limitations and problems are: the technology involved can only be used for yarn spinning It is not suitable for the finished yarn (i.e. finished yarn), the scope of application is small, and the cost of technical equipment installation, operation and maintenance is high. The method and device for reducing hairiness on the surface of the yarn by using a special hairiness reduction device has technical limitations and problems: the surface hairiness of the ring-spun staple fiber yarn is laid down and rewrapped on the yarn stem through airflow or mechanical form, and only the surface layer structure of the yarn is affected. It has an improvement effect, but it has no effect on the internal structure of the yarn such as the internal fiber arrangement conformation and straightness. There are many hooks and disorderly arranged fibers in the yarn, resulting in low fiber mechanical utilization and low yarn breaking strength; and the hairiness is lodging 1. The re-wrapping structure is loose, the degree of densification of the yarn surface is insufficient, the hairiness is easy to rebound again, and there is no essential improvement in the processing of the yarn in the subsequent process and the quality of the final product.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned existing problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a post-processing method for improving the structure of ring-spun spun yarn by wet-heat drafting and smoothing, and implement synergistic optimization on the surface layer and inner layer structure of the formed ring-spun spun yarn, and its technical solution The scheme is:

A post-processing method for improving the structure of ring-spun spun yarn by moist-heat drafting and smoothing. The ring-spun spun yarn is unwound from the bobbin package, immersed in the solution of the soaking tank through the first yarn guide wheel, and passed through the first yarn guide wheel. The dipping roller is soaked and soaked, and the soaked wet ring-spun spun yarn enters the drafting zone composed of the rear roller, the rear rubber roller, the front roller and the front rubber roller through the second yarn guide wheel, and the wet ring spun yarn is short The spun yarn passes through the trough heating device installed in the drafting area, and is in contact with the inner wall of the trough heating device, and is subjected to moist heat drafting and fushun treatment. The staple fiber in the hook helical conformation is stretched and oriented by the drawing force, and at the same time undergoes mechanical torsion. The surface hairiness of the twisted ring-spun spun yarn rewinds to the ring-spun staple fiber in the process of smooth contact with the inner wall of the trough heating device. The yarn trunk is eliminated, and the ring-spun spun yarn after moist heat drafting and Fushun treatment is output through the front nip composed of front rollers and front rubber rollers, and is subjected to non-contact drying treatment by hot air blowing equipment. After drying, the ring-spun spun yarn Through the first yarn guide hook and the second yarn guide hook in turn, it is wound onto the bobbin.

The solution is a JFC aqueous solution with a concentration of 2-5%.

The inner wall temperature of the trough heating device is 80-160°C.

The vertical distance between the outlet of the hot blowing device and the ring-spun spun yarn is 5-20 mm, and the treatment temperature is 100-150°C.

Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, compared with the prior art, a post-processing method for improving the structure of ring-spun spun yarn by wet-heat drafting and smoothing according to the present invention has the advantage that: the present invention adopts the impregnation method of dipping rollers to The inner and outer layers of the ring-spun spun yarn are fully soaked, and the soaked yarn is subjected to moist heat drafting treatment in the drafting area equipped with a trough heating device. The ring-spun spun yarn is stretched by the drafting force and eliminates internal fiber hooks, Increase the fiber orientation and improve the internal structure of the yarn; the twisting of the ring-spun spun yarn will be dynamically self-adjusted and rearranged during the drafting process, and the backbone of the ring-spun spun yarn will be twisted. At this time, the ring-spun spun yarn and the groove Fushun contact on the inner wall of the heating device, the twisted surface hairiness of the yarn body is affected by the smoothing contact effect on the inner wall of the trough heating device, and is rewound to the main body of the yarn body to eliminate it, improving the outer layer structure of the yarn; at the same time, the ring spindle after wet heat drafting and fushun treatment The thermal drying and setting effect of the spun yarn stabilizes and solidifies the optimized and regulated structure of the ring-spun spun yarn, which not only effectively realizes the coordinated regulation and improvement of the inner and outer structure of the yarn, but also greatly improves the fiber utilization rate and yarn strength , And it solves the problems of hairiness entanglement and laxity when the special hairiness reduction device of "untwisting-untwisting method" is used to reduce hairiness, structure relaxation of untwisting causes deterioration of evenness, subsequent frictional hairiness rebound and other problems. The method has wide applicability, convenient operation, and is easy to popularize and use in a large area.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention.

detailed description

A post-processing method for improving the structure of ring-spun spun yarns by wet-heat drafting and smoothing according to the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

see Attachment

A post-processing method for improving the structure of ring-spun spun yarn by moist-heat drafting and smoothing, which refers to placing the bobbin package 1 of ring-spun spun yarn on the creel 16, and sequentially It is equipped with a soaking device, a wet and hot drafting device, a hot blowing device 6, and a winding device. The soaking device is composed of a soaking tank 15, a first yarn guide wheel 2, a second yarn guide wheel 3, and a yarn dipping roller 14. After the soaking tank 15 The first yarn guide wheel 2 is arranged on the side wall, and the second yarn guide wheel 3 is arranged on the front side wall of the infiltration tank 15. The rotation axes of the first yarn guide wheel 2 and the second yarn guide wheel 3 are parallel to each other, and the wheel groove The bottom of the tank is located in the same plane, the soaking tank 15 is provided with a dipping roller 14, the axis of the dipping roll 14 is parallel to the rotation axes of the first yarn guide wheel 2 and the second yarn guide wheel 3, and the soaking tank 15 is filled with The JFC aqueous solution with a concentration of 2-5% is beneficial to the full infiltration of the ring-spun spun yarn. When the ring-spun spun yarn is cellulose fiber, the aqueous solution in the soaking tank 15 can be selected from a normal-temperature starch slurry aqueous solution with a concentration of 3-10%. When the ring-spun spun yarn is blended with cellulose fiber and chemical fiber, the aqueous solution in the soaking tank 15 can be an aqueous solution of acrylic size at room temperature with a concentration of 3-10%, and the solution is immersed in the dipping roller 14, and the wet heat drafting device is controlled by the rear Roller 13, rear rubber roller 4, front roller 11, front rubber roller 5, groove heating device 12, groove heating device 12 is located between rear roller 13, rear rubber roller 4 and front roller 11, front rubber roller 5, The trough heating device 12 adopts the invention patent "Method and apparatus for producing high quality yarn nonaring-spinning machine" published by the United States Intellectual Property Office on June 30, 2009, and the patent number is 7552580B2. Published "an ironing spinning device", patent number 201245734Y, the winding device is composed of a spindle, a bobbin 8, a ring plate 9, and a second yarn guide hook 10, and the bobbin 8 is inserted into the spindle and driven by the spindle belt Rotating, the second yarn guide hook 10 is fixedly arranged on the ring plate 9 . The short-fiber yarn unwound from the bobbin package 1 is immersed in the solution in the soaking tank 15 through the first yarn guide wheel 2. 2-5% JFC aqueous solution, the thicker the yarn, the higher the JFC concentration, which can effectively increase the aqueous solution to penetrate the inside of the yarn; when the ring-spun spun yarn is thinner and has more long hairiness, the solution should use room temperature pulp with a concentration of 3-10% The more the yarn hairiness is, the higher the size concentration will be. While effectively infiltrating the yarn, it will help to fix the hairiness of the surface layer of the ring spun yarn wound on the main body of the yarn body. After being impregnated and soaked by the dipping roller 14, the soaked wet short fiber yarn enters the drafting zone composed of the rear roller 13, the rear rubber roller 4, the front roller 11, and the front rubber roller 5 through the second yarn guide wheel 3 , a trough heating device 12 is arranged in the drafting area, and the wet short fiber yarn passes through the trough heating device 12 and is in contact with the inner wall of the trough heating device 12, and is subjected to moist heat drafting and Fushun treatment, and the temperature of the inner wall of the trough heating device 12 is 80-160°C, the thicker the ring-spun spun yarn, the higher the temperature of the inner wall of the trough heating device 12, and the short fibers in the helical conformation with hooks inside the ring-spun spun yarn are stretched and increase their orientation by the drawing force, and at the same time The twisting and dynamic self-adjusting rearrangement of the drafted ring spun spun yarn causes the yarn backbone to twist, and the surface hairiness of the twisted ring spun spun yarn is rewound to the ring spindle during the smooth contact with the inner wall of the trough heating device 12. The main body of the spun yarn is eliminated, and the wet and hot draft ratio is 1.05-2.0 times. When the elastic elongation of the ring spun spun yarn itself is small, a smaller draft ratio is selected to avoid excessive wet and hot drafting resulting in the structure of the finished yarn Destruction, when the elastic elongation of the ring-spun spun yarn itself is relatively large, a larger wet-heat drafting multiple is selected to effectively stretch the inner fiber hooks of the yarn and increase fiber orientation. The front nip output formed by the front roller 11 and the front rubber roller 5 is subjected to non-contact drying treatment through the hot air blowing equipment 6. The vertical distance between the hot air blowing equipment 6 outlet and the ring spun spun yarn is 5-20 mm, and the treatment temperature is 100 -150°C, the thicker the ring-spun spun yarn, the higher the treatment temperature. After the drying treatment, the ring-spun spun yarn passes through the first yarn guide hook 7 and the second yarn guide hook 10 in sequence, and the second yarn guide hook 10 follows the ring plate 9 carry out the ascending and descending movement that has step-up together, and guiding yarn is wound on bobbin 8 in crossing.

The accompanying table is the treatment process and treatment effect of specific examples.

schedule

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Claims (4)

1. A post-processing method for improving the structure of ring-spun spun yarn by wet-heat drafting and smoothing, characterized in that: the method refers to unwinding the ring-spun spun yarn from the bobbin package (1), and passing through the first A guide wheel (2) is immersed in the solution of the soaking tank (15), soaked by the dipping roller (14), and the soaked wet ring-spun spun yarn enters through the second guide wheel (3). Drafting zone composed of rear roller (13), rear rubber roller (4) and front roller (11), front rubber roller (5), trough heating device set in the drafting zone for wet ring spun spun yarn (12), and in contact with Fushun on the inner wall of the trough heating device (12), subjected to wet-heat drafting Fushun treatment, the wet-heat draft ratio is 1.05-2.0 times, and the short fibers with hooks and spiral conformation inside the wet ring-spun spun yarn are subjected to Stretching and increasing orientation under the action of drafting force, and mechanical torsion at the same time, the twisted ring-spun spun yarn surface hairiness is rewound to the ring-spun spun yarn trunk during smooth contact with the inner wall of the trough heating device (12). Elimination, hot and humid drafting Fushun treated ring-spun spun yarn is output through the front nip composed of front roller (11) and front rubber roller (5), and is subjected to non-contact drying treatment by hot air blowing equipment (6). After drying The ring spun spun yarn passes through the first yarn guide hook (7) and the second yarn guide hook (10) successively, and is wound onto the bobbin (8). 2. A post-processing method for improving the structure of ring-spun spun yarn by moist heat drafting and smoothing according to claim 1, characterized in that: said solution is a JFC aqueous solution with a concentration of 2-5%. 3. A post-processing method for improving the structure of ring spun spun yarn by moist heat drafting and smoothing according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the inner wall of the trough heating device (12) is 80-160°C. 4. A post-processing method for improving the structure of ring-spun spun yarn by moist heat drafting and smoothing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outlet of the hot blowing device (6) is perpendicular to the direction of the ring-spun spun yarn The distance is 5-20mm, and the treatment temperature is 100-150°C.