A kind of feed heating device of shortening equipment
Technical field:
The invention belongs to petroleum chemical industry heating installation technical field, the feed heating device that relates to a kind of shortening equipment, particularly a reaction feed stove, can adjust setting according to rate-of flow in various pipes and thermal load variation operating mode, and can move safely and efficiently.
Background technology:
At present; along with continuous increasingly strict to environmental protection requirement of the environmental regulation of aggravation and countries in the world of the trend of crude oil heaviness and in poor quality; oil refining enterprise adopts the cry of process for cleanly preparing and production clean fuel more and more urgent; shortening is as important step and the process of refining of petroleum; for improving the level of crude oil processing, rationally utilize petroleum resources, improve product quality, improve yield of light oil and reducing topsoil, there is vital role meaning, and be more and more subject to the attention of oil refining enterprise.Conventional reaction feed stove is that the visual plant of thermal source is provided for the charging of shortening device, in the prior art, except some hydroeracking unit adopts recycle hydrogen process furnace, most of device adopts the mixed hydrogen mode in stokehold, and in reaction feed stove boiler tube, medium is hydrogen oil mixed phase; This class A furnace A operational condition is very harsh, because pipe is interior in High Temperature High Pressure two phase flow state, flow condition is comparatively complicated, under operation initial stage and latter stage or different production decision, the interior medium of pipe and thermal load change are all quite large, for example, while going into operation, catalyzer is selected wet method sulfuration, the twice that now in reaction feed boiler tube, rate-of flow and thermal load may reach under normal running operating mode is even higher, the quiet run while answering feed furnace to change in larger elastic range of therefore will negating.
In prior art, often select single row of tubes double-side radiation type of furnace structure, this structure can obtain higher evenly heat intensity in the situation that high-heat strength does not transfinite, and shortens boiler tube total length and reduces elbow quantity, thereby obtain minimum tube drop, reduce the investment of reaction feed stove.In addition, for avoiding the high-heat strength at shield tube place to cause oil product cracking (particularly to heavy oil product and lubricant applications occasion), reaction feed stove is often designed to pure radial pattern, leave the high-temperature flue gas of radiation chamber and send into the convection chamber of Fractionator Bottom reboiler furnace or deliver to waste heat boiler through flue, with Mist heat recovering.The reaction feed stove designing in prior art is mainly divided into two classes: a class is that the maximum load that possible reach is as design loading, according to the calibration result of some hydrogenation charging process furnace, the actually operating load of this class reaction feed stove is often less than half of design loading, this not only will increase investment and cause waste, and the normal production operation of process furnace is also brought to a lot of disadvantageous effects; Because furnace maneuver load is much smaller than design loading, in normal production, stove is only lighted a small amount of burner, the air door of unignited burner is difficult to shut completely, cause large quantity of air to bleed in stove, the excess air that is to say stove when underload is produced is difficult to be controlled, the increase meeting of excess air significantly reduces the thermo-efficiency of stove, increases fuel consumption; Meanwhile, when underload is produced, the ratio that body of heater heat lost by radiation is brought furnace heat into respect to fuel also can increase; Another kind of is using normal running load as design loading, although this class reaction feed stove can be with higher thermo-efficiency operation under nominal situation, if but run into while needing to improve the operating mode of thermal load, often need " risk " operation, now very easily there is the phenomenons such as burner hearth overtemperature, lining spalling, the safe operation of reaction feed stove is had a strong impact on; Therefore seek to design a kind of novel reaction feed stove, radiation chamber side wall is designed to incline structure, the interior hot strength along radiating furnace tube short transverse of radiation chamber is distributed more even, to improve the heat transfer efficiency of radiating furnace tube, make reaction feed stove and accessory have obvious progressive meaning.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming that prior art exists, design provides a kind of reaction feed stove, a kind of feed heating device of shortening equipment particularly, according to the needs of rate-of flow in radiating furnace tube or thermal load variation, unlatching or the upper and lower two portions radiating furnace tube of closing control by valve are parallel connection or cascaded structure state, and utilize the thermal discharge of adjusting radiation chamber side wall base burning device, to meet the different heat demand of processing medium.
The agent structure of the feed heating device the present invention relates to achieve these goals, comprises burner, bottom radiating furnace tube, bottom side wall, bottom entrance transfer line, the first valve, processing medium source line, upper entrance transfer line, chimney, radiation chamber, steel structure frame, top radiating furnace tube, top side wall, transfer line and the second valve between pipe, the inside that the steel structure frame of take is main body formation hollow type feed heating device distributes from top to bottom and is shaped with chimney and the radiation chamber being interconnected, radiation chamber is surrounded by top side wall and the staggered docking of bottom side wall, top side wall be all obliquely installed with bottom side wall and symmetrical configuration identical, top side wall and bottom side wall are 6-20 ° with the angle of vertical direction respectively, radiation chamber central interior anchor is provided with horizontal top radiating furnace tube and bottom radiating furnace tube, two side bottoms of top side wall and bottom side wall are fixedly installed respectively the burner being arranged in parallel, burner is respectively used to top radiating furnace tube and bottom radiating furnace tube uniformly transfer heat, between top radiating furnace tube and bottom radiating furnace tube, be provided with transfer line between the pipe of communication type structure, processing medium source line is communicated with docking by upper entrance transfer line and bottom entrance transfer line with top radiating furnace tube and bottom radiating furnace tube respectively, for transmitting processing medium to be processed, on upper entrance transfer line and bottom entrance transfer line, be all connected with the first valve, between pipe, on transfer line, be connected with the second valve, by adjusting, the unlatching of the first valve and the second valve is set or closes, can control between top radiating furnace tube and bottom radiating furnace tube and become parallel connection or series connection, to adapt to the different heat demand of processing medium.
The burner the present invention relates to is evenly arranged in respectively the left and right sides of top radiating furnace tube and bottom radiating furnace tube, the upwards burning and respectively to the one-sided uniformly transfer heat of top radiating furnace tube and bottom radiating furnace tube of flame vertical in burner, because top side wall and the equal incline structure of bottom side wall are set up, hot strength along top radiating furnace tube and bottom radiating furnace tube short transverse in radiation chamber is evenly distributed, to improve the heat transfer efficiency of top radiating furnace tube and bottom radiating furnace tube.
The top radiating furnace tube the present invention relates to and the mass velocity of bottom radiating furnace tube are 700-1500kg/m
2s, to guarantee the managing good flow pattern of interior medium in spray flow and ring spray, avoids coking and the cracking of oil product; The evenly heat intensity of top radiating furnace tube and bottom radiating furnace tube is 35000-55000W/m
2, so that the highest oil film temperature of medium, lower than the critical decomposition temperature of medium self in pipe, is avoided coking or the pipe surface temperature overtemperature of oil product in pipe; The wall with flues temperature of described radiation chamber (temperature when flue gas leaves radiation chamber and enters convection chamber) is 600-850 ℃, can guarantee that stove has higher thermo-efficiency, can guarantee that again flame smooth combustion does not burn out boiler tube and furnace wall; Described burner is arranged in parallel along top side wall and side wall both sides, bottom bottom, its spacing be along continuous straight runs 1-1.8 rice/, be preferably 1.3-1.5 rice/; Described top side wall and lower side wall part, be 6-20 ° with the angle of vertical direction respectively, is preferably 8-12 °.
When the feed heating device the present invention relates to moves, under normal operating condition, regulate the unlatching of the first valve on transfer line and the second valve between upper entrance transfer line, bottom entrance transfer line and pipe and/or close, make top radiating furnace tube and bottom radiating furnace tube be series connection, and according to the thermal discharge of demand for heat adjustment top side wall and bottom side wall base burning device 1, to meet the heat demand of processing medium; In the pipe of feed heating device internal upper part radiating furnace tube and bottom radiating furnace tube, rate-of flow increases, when the thermal load that need to absorb is more, regulate the unlatching of the first valve on transfer line and the second valve between upper entrance transfer line, bottom entrance transfer line and pipe and/or close, make top radiating furnace tube and bottom radiating furnace tube be state in parallel, and according to the thermal discharge that adds heat request increase top side wall and bottom side wall base burning device, to meet the heat demand of processing medium.
Compared with prior art, radiation chamber side wall adopts the pattern that arranges of incline structure in the present invention, and the hot strength along radiator tube short transverse in radiation chamber is evenly distributed, and the heat transfer efficiency of radiator tube is higher; Can change needs according to rate-of flow in reaction feed furnace radiating pipe or thermal load, by regulating the valve on transfer line between entrance transfer line and pipe, make upper and lower two portions radiating furnace tube be flexibly and easily parallel connection or series connection; Can, by adjusting the thermal discharge of upper and lower side wall base burning device, meet preferably the heat requirement of processing medium simultaneously; With respect to the reaction feed stove using maximum load as design loading, this reaction feed furnace body small volume, under identical furnace wall wall temperature, furnace wall heat lost by radiation is less; With respect to the reaction feed stove using normal running load as design loading, this reaction feed stove more can meet flow or thermal load and become large working condition requirement, and operating safety; This reaction feed stove overall structure is simple, and principle is reliable, design science, and floor space is little, low cost of manufacture, environment for use is friendly.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is agent structure principle diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the structure of the radiating furnace tube that the present invention relates to and transfer line is launched schematic diagram.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by embodiment, the present invention is made to further description, but the present invention is also not only confined to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
The agent structure of the feed heating device that the present embodiment relates to comprises burner 1, bottom radiating furnace tube 2, bottom side wall 3, bottom entrance transfer line 4, the first valve 5, processing medium source line 6, upper entrance transfer line 7, chimney 8, radiation chamber 9, steel structure frame 10, top radiating furnace tube 11, top side wall 12, transfer line 13 and the second valve 14 between pipe, the inside that the steel structure frame 10 of take is main body formation hollow type feed heating device distributes from top to bottom and is shaped with chimney 8 and the radiation chamber 9 being interconnected, radiation chamber 9 is surrounded by top side wall 12 and the staggered docking of bottom side wall 3, top side wall 12 be all obliquely installed with bottom side wall 3 and symmetrical configuration identical, top side wall 12 and bottom side wall 3 are 6-20 ° with the angle of vertical direction respectively, radiation chamber 9 central interior anchors are provided with horizontal top radiating furnace tube 11 and bottom radiating furnace tube 2, two side bottoms of top side wall 12 and bottom side wall 3 are fixedly installed respectively the burner 1 being arranged in parallel, burner 1 is respectively used to top radiating furnace tube 11 and bottom radiating furnace tube 2 uniformly transfer heats, between top radiating furnace tube 11 and bottom radiating furnace tube 2, be provided with transfer line 13 between the pipe of communication type structure, processing medium source line 6 is communicated with docking by upper entrance transfer line 7 and bottom entrance transfer line 4 with top radiating furnace tube 11 and bottom radiating furnace tube 2 respectively, for transmitting processing medium to be processed, on upper entrance transfer line 7 and bottom entrance transfer line 4, be all connected with the first valve 5, between pipe, on transfer line 13, be connected with the second valve 14, by adjusting, the unlatching of the first valve 5 and the second valve 14 is set or closes, can control between top radiating furnace tube 11 and bottom radiating furnace tube 2 and become parallel connection or series connection, to adapt to the different heat demand of processing medium.
The burner 1 that the present embodiment relates to is evenly arranged in respectively the left and right sides of top radiating furnace tube 11 and bottom radiating furnace tube 2, the upwards burning and respectively to the one-sided uniformly transfer heat of top radiating furnace tube 11 and bottom radiating furnace tube 2 of flame vertical in burner 1, because top side wall 12 and the equal incline structure of bottom side wall 3 are set up, hot strength along top radiating furnace tube 11 and bottom radiating furnace tube 2 short transverses in radiation chamber 9 is evenly distributed, to improve the heat transfer efficiency of top radiating furnace tube 11 and bottom radiating furnace tube 2.
When the feed heating device that the present embodiment relates to moves, under normal operating condition, regulate the unlatching of the first valve 5 on transfer line 13 and the second valve 14 between upper entrance transfer line 7, bottom entrance transfer line 4 and pipe and/or close, make top radiating furnace tube 11 and bottom radiating furnace tube 2 be series connection, and according to the thermal discharge of demand for heat adjustment top side wall 12 and bottom side wall 3 base burning devices 1, to meet the heat demand of processing medium; In the pipe of feed heating device internal upper part radiating furnace tube 11 and bottom radiating furnace tube 2, rate-of flow increases, when the thermal load that need to absorb is more, regulate the unlatching of the first valve 5 on transfer line 13 and the second valve 14 between upper entrance transfer line 7, bottom entrance transfer line 4 and pipe and/or close, make top radiating furnace tube 11 and bottom radiating furnace tube 2 be state in parallel, and according to the thermal discharge that adds heat request increase top side wall 12 and bottom side wall 3 base burning devices 1, to meet the heat demand of processing medium.
The top radiating furnace tube 11 that the present embodiment relates to and the mass velocity of bottom radiating furnace tube 2 are 700-1500kg/m
2s, to guarantee the managing good flow pattern of interior medium in spray flow and ring spray, avoids coking and the cracking of oil product; The evenly heat intensity of top radiating furnace tube 11 and bottom radiating furnace tube 2 is 35000-55000W/m
2, so that the highest oil film temperature of medium, lower than the critical decomposition temperature of medium self in pipe, is avoided coking or the pipe surface temperature overtemperature of oil product in pipe; The wall with flues temperature of described radiation chamber 9 (temperature when flue gas leaves radiation chamber 9 and enters convection chamber 8) is 600-850 ℃, can guarantee that stove has higher thermo-efficiency, can guarantee that again flame smooth combustion does not burn out boiler tube and furnace wall; Described burner 1 is arranged in parallel along top side wall 12 and 3 liang of side bottoms of bottom side wall, its spacing be along continuous straight runs 1-1.8 rice/, be preferably 1.3-1.5 rice/; Described top side wall 12 and bottom side wall 3, be 6-20 ° with the angle of vertical direction respectively, is preferably 8-12 °.