CN104192735B - A kind of minor crane - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of minor crane, formed by chassis, revolving dial, stand, arm and lowering or hoisting gear, between lowering or hoisting gear and revolving dial, be provided with guide rail, can move up and down, on lowering or hoisting gear, be provided with balancing weight and pedal, its top is connected with rope sheave, and on rope sheave, steel wire rope is walked around arm through pulley and is connected on hoisting heavy by rigging; Lowering or hoisting gear moves down by manpower effect pedal, and now hoisting heavy upwards rises. On lowering or hoisting gear, also have lockable mechanism and slow descending device, reliable to ensure minor crane. Simple structure of the present invention, unregulated power or fuel consumption, use cost is cheap, energy-conserving and environment-protective.

Description

a small crane

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of cranes, in particular to a small-sized crane.

Background technique

In order to save resources and implement green construction, prefabricated concrete blocks of certain specifications are often used for temporary roads and site paving on construction sites, but it is difficult to solve the problems of unloading and laying in place after these prefabricated blocks with rated weight arrive at the site. If large and medium-sized hoisting equipment such as truck cranes are used, the economy is poor and the shift fee is high; if manual handling is used, the labor intensity is high, the safety is poor, time-consuming and laborious, and the construction efficiency is low; The system is driven by electricity, or internal combustion engine as the driving force, and hydraulic pump as the secondary power. On the one hand, the former may not be equipped with the electric system in the early stage of the construction site. On the other hand, due to its strong mobility, AC power is inconvenient to use. Higher; the exhaust gas and noise discharged by the latter will cause harm to the environment and construction personnel.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of crane equipment for hoisting and manual handling, and at the same time solve the problems of existing light and small cranes that do not work without electricity and exhaust gas pollution, and provide a lifting device that can be locked, has a simple structure, is low in cost, and is environmentally friendly. Adaptable small crane. The technical problem solved by the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:

A small crane is composed of a chassis, a slewing platform, a stand, a boom and a lifting device with a structural frame. Guide rails are provided between the lifting device and the slewing platform, and counterweights and pedals are arranged on the lifting device. The upper part is connected with a sheave, one side of which is connected with a worm spring, and the steel wire rope on the sheave passes through the pulley around the boom and is connected to the lifting weight through the rigging; Lifting; the lifting device is also equipped with a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism is composed of a positioning pin and a positioning plate, the positioning pin is connected with the pedal, and the positioning plate is located in the structural frame; the lifting device goes down to the lower limit position under the action of manpower At this time, control the foot pedal, the positioning pin cooperates with the positioning hole under the positioning plate, and the lifting device is locked. At this time, the crane can be operated to move the lifting weight horizontally; when the lifting device moves up to the upper limit position under the action of the lifting weight , control the pedal, the positioning pin cooperates with the positioning hole on the positioning plate, and the lifting device is locked. At this time, it is the initial working state of lifting heavy objects.

The guide rails are two parallel optical axes, the optical axes are arranged in the structural frame, and the optical axes cooperate with the corresponding holes fixedly connected on the rotary platform to form a moving pair.

The counterweight is placed on the structural frame of the lifting device. The counterweight is composed of multiple pieces. The number of counterweights moving up and down with the lifting device can be increased or decreased, that is, the total weight of the lifting device can be adjusted according to the weight of the lifting weight. adjust.

The upper part of the structural frame of the lifting device is provided with a slow-down device for the weight to drop. The slow-down device is composed of a handle, an eccentric wheel, a pressing piece, a linkage rod, a pressure spring, a brake pad, a brake wheel, and a support plate. The handle is fixedly connected to the On the eccentric wheel, the compression piece is connected to the structural frame, the compression spring is set on the linkage rod, the front end of the linkage rod passes through the compression piece and is hinged with the eccentric wheel, and the tail end of the linkage lever is fixed to one end of the brake pad by a bolt, and the other end of the brake pad is bypassed The brake wheel is fixed on the support plate by bolts.

The chassis is a plane metal frame, the four corners of the frame are equipped with traveling wheels, and the slewing support installed in the middle of the frame is connected with the slewing platform.

The slewing platform is a plane metal frame, the lower part is connected with the slewing support, the upper part is connected with the lifting device, and connected with the stand through the pull rod. The vertical frame and the rotary platform are fixedly connected by bolts, and the boom and the vertical frame are fixedly connected by bolts. The connection between the vertical frame and the slewing platform, and the connection between the boom and the vertical frame can also be connected by welding or riveting.

The beneficial effects of the invention are: the lifting device can be locked, the operation is light and handy, the structure is simple, time and labor are saved, environmental protection and energy saving, the use cost is low, the requirements for the ground of the construction site are low, and the environment adaptability is strong.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a front view of a small crane lifting a heavy object.

Fig. 2 is the left view of the small crane (below the sheave).

Figure 3 is a view of the hoisting position of the small crane (below the sheave).

Figure 4 is a top view of the underframe of the small crane.

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the slow lowering device of the small crane.

In the figure 1. Walking wheel 2. Chassis 3. Lifting device 4. Boom 5. Stand 6. Pull rod 7. Rotary platform 8. Rigging 9. Lifting heavy objects 10. Slewing bearing

31. Pedal 32. Counterweight 33. Structural frame 34. Support plate 35. Wire rope 36. Pulley 37. Hole 38. Optical axis 39. Worm spring 310. Rope wheel 311. Brake wheel 312. Positioning plate 313. Positioning Pin 314. Handle 315. Eccentric Wheel 316. Compression Part 317. Linkage Rod 318. Compression Spring 319. Brake Pad

detailed description

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention is a kind of small-sized crane, is made up of chassis 2, slewing platform 7, stand 5, boom 4 and elevating device 3, and elevating device 3 has a structural frame 33, and structural frame 33 The guide rails in the guide rail, that is, two parallel optical axes 38 cooperate with the corresponding holes 37 fixedly connected on the rotary platform 7 to form a moving pair, which can move up and down. The lifting device 3 is provided with a counterweight 32 and a pedal 31. The upper part is connected with a sheave 310, and one side of the sheave 310 is connected with a worm spring 39, and the wire rope 35 on the sheave 310 is connected to the hoisting weight 9 through the pulley 36 around the boom 4 through the sling 8.

The locking mechanism on the lifting device 3 is made up of a positioning pin 313 and a positioning plate 312 , the positioning pin 313 is connected with the pedal 31 , and the positioning plate 312 is located in the structural frame 33 .

The slow-down device on the top of the structural frame 33 is composed of a handle 314, an eccentric wheel 315, a pressing piece 316, a linkage rod 317, a stage clip 318, a brake pad 319, a brake wheel 311, and a support plate 34. The handle 314 is fixedly connected to the eccentric wheel 315. On the top, the compression spring 318 is set on the linkage rod 317, the front end of the linkage rod 317 passes through the pressing part 316 and is hinged with the eccentric wheel 315, the tail end of the linkage rod 317 fixes one end of the brake pad 319 through a bolt, and the other end of the brake pad 319 bypasses the brake wheel 311 is fixed on the support plate 34 by bolts.

Chassis 2 is a plane metal frame, and its four corners are equipped with traveling wheels 1, and the slewing support 10 installed in the middle of the frame is connected with slewing platform 7. The slewing platform 7 is also a plane metal frame, the lower part is connected with the slewing bearing 10 , the upper part is connected with the lifting device, and is connected with the stand 5 through the pull rod 6 . The stand 5 and the rotary platform 7 are fixedly connected by bolts, and the boom 4 and the stand 5 are fixedly connected by bolts, and the connection method can also be welding or riveting.

According to the weight of the hoisted object 9, adjust the number of counterweights 32 moving up and down, manipulate the handle 314 of the small crane, and the eccentric wheel 315 makes the linkage lever 317 move horizontally to the maximum stroke near the brake wheel 311 side, and the pressing part 316 and the linkage lever 317 afterbody spacings increase, and clip spring 318 releases energy, and the brake pad 319 that linkage lever 317 afterbody is connected unclamps brake wheel 311, and worm spring 39 releases energy and drives rope wheel 310, brake wheel 311 to rotate together, and rope wheel 310 puts rope, and another An operator grasps the sling 8 and pulls it down to a suitable position to fix it on the lifting weight 9, and manipulates the handle 314 clockwise to complete the rope retraction action. At this time, the worm spring 39 and the pressure spring 318 store energy, and the brake pad 319 hugs the brake wheel 311 , the sheave 310 is braked.

Step on the foot pedal 31 that is in the high position, and the locking mechanism locating pin 313 associated with it will disengage from the locating hole on the locating plate 312 positioned in the structural frame 33, and utilize manpower and counterweight 32 and the gravity of hoisting weight 9 Poor, the counterweight 32 moves down, the steel wire rope 35 lifts the lifting weight 9, the lifting device 3 goes down to the lower end limit position under the action of manpower, releases the pedal 31, and the positioning pin 313 is inserted into the lower positioning hole of the positioning plate 312, At this moment, the lifting device 3 is locked, and the crane can be manipulated to horizontally shift the lifting weight 9 .

Lightly step on the foot pedal 31 in the low position to make the positioning pin 313 escape from the lower positioning hole of the positioning plate 312, and the lifting weight 9 moves downward. The pedal 31 and the positioning pin 313 cooperate with the positioning hole on the positioning plate 312, and the lifting device 3 is locked.

Operate the handle 314 so that the eccentric wheel 315 controls the brake pad 319 to slowly loosen the brake wheel 311, and the rope pulley 310 slowly releases the rope under the action of the lifting weight 9. After the lifting weight 9 is in place, the rigging 8 is released, and the worm spring 39 releases the rope. When the rope pulley 310 rotates and automatically completes the action of receiving the rope, the control handle 314 makes the brake pad 319 hold the brake wheel 311 tightly to ensure that the sling 8 will not escape from the pulley, which is a working cycle.

The present invention is suitable for construction temporary roads or on-site laying of prefabricated concrete blocks, without being affected by the construction environment, and saves manpower and material resources. The present invention can also be used in other occasions where heavy objects need to be hoisted and transported.

Claims (7)

1. A small crane consisting of a chassis, a slewing platform, a stand, a boom and a lifting device with a structural frame; guide rails are provided between the lifting device and the slewing platform; counterweights and pedals are arranged on the lifting device , the upper part is connected with a sheave, and the steel wire rope on the sheave bypasses the boom through the pulley and connects the lifting weight with the rigging. When the lifting device moves downward through the human pedal, the hoisting weight rises upwards. It is characterized in that: The lifting device is also provided with a locking mechanism. The locking mechanism is composed of a positioning pin and a positioning plate. The positioning pin is connected to the pedal, and the positioning plate is located in the structural frame; the lifting device goes down to the lower limit under the action of manpower. position, control the foot pedal, the positioning pin cooperates with the positioning hole under the positioning plate, and the lifting device is locked. At this time, the crane is operated to move the lifting weight horizontally; when the lifting device moves up to the upper limit position under the action of the lifting weight , control the pedal, the positioning pin cooperates with the positioning hole on the positioning plate, and the lifting device is locked. At this time, it is the initial working state of lifting heavy objects. 2. The small crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper part of the structural frame of the lifting device is provided with a slow-down device for lowering the weight, and the slow-down device is composed of a handle, an eccentric wheel, a pressing piece, and a linkage rod. , compression spring, brake pad, brake wheel, and support plate, the handle is fixedly connected to the eccentric wheel, the compression piece is connected to the structural frame, the compression spring is set on the linkage rod, and the front end of the linkage rod passes through the compression piece and is hinged to the eccentric wheel , the tail end of the linkage rod fixes one end of the brake pad through bolts, and the other end of the brake pad bypasses the brake wheel and is fixed on the support plate through bolts. 3. The small crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the guide rails are two parallel optical axes, the optical axes are arranged in the structural frame, and the optical axes are fixedly connected to the corresponding holes on the rotary platform Cooperate to form a mobile pair. 4. The small crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the chassis is a plane metal frame, traveling wheels are installed at the four corners of the frame, and the slewing bearing installed in the middle of the frame is connected with the slewing platform. 5. The small crane according to claim 4, characterized in that: the slewing platform is a plane metal frame, the lower part is connected with the slewing bearing, the upper part is connected with the lifting device, and connected with the stand through a pull rod connect. 6. The small crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: one side of the sheave is connected with a volute spring. 7. The small crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the counterweight is placed on the structural frame of the lifting device, and the counterweight is composed of multiple pieces.