CN104191102B - The preparation technology of warm aluminium alloy brazing material in a kind of low fragility - Google Patents
The preparation technology of warm aluminium alloy brazing material in a kind of low fragility Download PDFInfo
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- CN104191102B CN104191102B CN201410402211.8A CN201410402211A CN104191102B CN 104191102 B CN104191102 B CN 104191102B CN 201410402211 A CN201410402211 A CN 201410402211A CN 104191102 B CN104191102 B CN 104191102B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Abstract
The invention discloses warm aluminium alloy brazing material in a kind of low fragility, the mass percent of each composition is: Cu:16.0 ~ 18.0%, Si:5.5 ~ 7.5%, Ni:2.4 ~ 4.0%, Ge:6.0 ~ 8.5%, Sr:0.1 ~ 0.5%, the Al-Ti-B alloy being mixed with mass ratio 94:5:1 by Al, Ti and B: 0.01 ~ 0.2%, surplus is Al. When preparation, smelt first in proportion nickel and copper, silicon and aluminium, copper and aluminium, germanium and four kinds of intermediate alloys of aluminium, then through melting, Precision Machining filament shape, band shape or foil-shaped brazing material. Preparation process of the present invention is simple, economically feasible, convenient operation. The brazing material fusion temperature being prepared into is low, and solder has good spreadability and gap-fill, is suitable for very much the operation of low melting point aluminium alloy brazing; Meanwhile, because this brazing material has low fragility, be convenient to be processed into paper tinsel shape or thin brazing wire, widened the application of low melting point aluminium alloy brazing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminium alloy brazing technology, especially relate to the preparation technology of warm aluminium alloy brazing material in a kind of low fragility.
Background technology
Aluminium and aluminium alloy, owing to having that density is little, electrical conductivity is high and the advantage such as corrosion resistance is good, especially have extremely important using value and wide application prospect in aviation, automobile and national defense and military fields in the modern industry.
Aluminum current alloy hard solder is mainly Al-Si cocrystallizing type solder, and this solder good fluidity, easily shapes, but this type of solder fusing point is higher. Al-Si eutectic solder brazing temperature generally, more than 585 DEG C, approaches the even solidus of overage aluminium alloy, and at this temperature, in brazing process, the phenomenon such as grain growth, burning easily occurs mother metal. In order to reduce the fusing point of Al-Si solder, scientific research personnel has developed Al-Si-Cu-Ge brazing filler metal, by adding Cu, Ge alloying element to fall low-alloyed fusing point, but still fail to solve the increase along with Cu and Ge element, the problem that its corresponding fragility increases mutually in Al-Si alloy. [Xiaoli Zhang, the research [J] of the Al-Si-Cu-Ge solder performances such as He Ding. welding, 2009, (11): 28-30]. Chinese patent CN201010160707.0 has announced a kind of Al-Si-Cu-Ni alloy state foil-shaped brazing material and preparation method thereof, the prepared solder of the method has good machining property, but because this solder fusing point is 518 ~ 538oC, the promotion and application lower than 550oC aluminium alloy brazing field at fusing point are limited, this solder plasticity is poor on the other hand, preparation difficulty is large, is difficult to apply. Although the conventional solderable material melting temperatures such as Zn-Al system, Sn-Pb system and Sn-Zn system can meet the requirement of soldering low melting point aluminium alloy, but due to defect [Zhang Qiyun such as ubiquity soldered fitting intensity are low, corrosion resistance is bad, Zhuan Hongshou. soldering handbook [M]. Beijing: the 2008:56-58 of China Machine Press], also limited the application of these solderable material in aluminium alloy connects. Therefore develop a kind of brazing temperature moderate, be convenient to be shaped, there is the brazing material of excellent mechanical properties, just become low melting point aluminum alloy junction member and connect and be badly in need of the engineering problem that solves in manufacturing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the preparation technology of warm aluminium alloy brazing material in a kind of low fragility that can meet aluminium alloy connection application.
For achieving the above object, the present invention can take following technical proposals:
In low fragility of the present invention, in warm aluminium alloy brazing material, the mass percent of each composition is:
Cu:16.0 ~ 18.0%, Si:5.5 ~ 7.5%, Ni:2.4 ~ 4.0%, Ge:6.0 ~ 8.5%, Sr:0.1 ~ 0.5%, the Al-Ti-B alloy being mixed with mass ratio 94:5:1 by Al, Ti and B: 0.01 ~ 0.2%, surplus is Al;
In low fragility of the present invention, the preparation technology of warm aluminium alloy brazing material comprises the steps:
The first step, smelting intermediate alloy
Melting intermediate alloy W: wherein in intermediate alloy W, the weight ratio of nickel and copper is: Cu:Ni=80:20;
Melting intermediate alloy X: wherein in intermediate alloy X, the weight ratio of silicon and aluminium is Al:Si=80:20;
Melting intermediate alloy Y: wherein in intermediate alloy Y, the weight ratio of copper and aluminium is Al:Cu=50:50;
Aluminium melting intermediate alloy Z: wherein in intermediate alloy Z, the weight ratio of germanium and aluminium is Al:Ge=70:30;
Second step, melting
Surplus metallic aluminium is melted in intermediate frequency furnace, when stove inner melt temperature reaches 720 DEG C, four kinds of intermediate alloy W, the X, Y, the Z that add the first step to smelt, and be incubated 30 minutes and make it abundant fusion; Then use the KCl+NaCl+ZnCl of mass ratio 1:1:12Coverture covers completely to liquation; Continue heating of metal liquation, behind temperature rise to 800 ~ 850 DEG C, add Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy, treat that it melts completely, then be incubated 20 minutes, then start cooling, when temperature is down to 750 DEG C ± 50 DEG C, add metal Sr, and the argon gas of jetting carries out refining; In the time that melt temperature is down to 700 DEG C, melting finishes, and liquation is poured into a mould in mold and formed ingot casting; Generally, ingot casting is divided into bar-shaped cast ingot and square ingot blank;
The 3rd step, Precision Machining
In casting process, cooling system is opened, and makes ingot casting cooling fast, and the bar-shaped cast ingot of diameter 32mm is processed into thin brazing wire through extruding, drawing tube reducing; Side's ingot blank becomes band or foil-shaped brazing material through multi-pass rolling.
The invention has the advantages that preparation process is simple, economically feasible, convenient operation. The brazing material fusion temperature being prepared into is low, and fusion temperature scope is (brazing temperature is between 535 ~ 550oC) between 495 ~ 530 DEG C, and under this brazing temperature, solder has good spreadability and gap-fill, is suitable for very much the operation of low melting point aluminium alloy brazing; Meanwhile, because this brazing material has low fragility, be convenient to be processed into paper tinsel shape or thin brazing wire, widened the application of low melting point aluminium alloy brazing.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1：
Warm aluminium alloy brazing filler metal in the low fragility of preparation 100kg, its composition requirement is:: Cu:18.0%, Si:6.0%, Ni:3.0%, Ge:8.0%, Sr:0.5%, the Al-Ti-B alloy being mixed with mass ratio 94:5:1 by Al, Ti, B: 0.05%, surplus is Al.
First by weight Cu:Ni=80:20 melting 15kg intermediate alloy W, by weight Al:Si=80:20 melting 30kg intermediate alloy X, by weight Al:Cu=50:50 melting 12kg intermediate alloy Y, by weight Al:Ge=70:30 melting 26.7kg intermediate alloy Z;
Remaining 15.75kg pure metallic aluminum is melted in intermediate frequency furnace, melted intermediate alloy W, X, Y, Z above adding in the time that melt temperature in stove reaches 720 DEG C, and be incubated 30 minutes, after it is fully merged, with the KCl+NaCl+ZnCl of mass ratio 1:1:12Coverture covers completely to molten alloy liquid; Molten metal is continued to heating, behind temperature rise to 800 ~ 850 DEG C, add 0.05kg Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy; After metal melts completely, be incubated 20 minutes, then start cooling. Temperature is down to 750 DEG C of left and right and is added 0.5kg metal Sr, and the argon gas of jetting carries out refining;
In the time that melt temperature is down to 700 DEG C, melting finishes, (referring to Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering is ZL201220062676.X in the patent No. of application on February 24th, 2012 to pour uniform composition solution into solder ingot casting consecutive solidification device, denomination of invention is the utility model patent of " solder ingot casting consecutive solidification device ", it is cooling fast that this device can make solder realize in casting process, guarantee ingot structure is even, defect is few) in: cooling recirculation system opened, make aluminium alloy cooling fast to realizing in mold casting process, obtain the finished product ingot casting of even tissue: the bar-shaped cast ingot of diameter 32mm or cross section are 100 × 10mm2Square billet. Bar-shaped cast ingot is processed into thin brazing wire through extruding, rolling, drawing tube reducing, and square billet ingot casting is through being rolled into band shape or foil-shaped brazing material.
Embodiment 2:
Warm aluminium alloy brazing filler metal in the low fragility of preparation 100kg, its composition requirement is:: Cu:17.0%, Si:5.5%, Ni:3.5%, Ge:8.5%, Sr:0.1%, the Al-Ti-B alloy being mixed with mass ratio 94:5:1 by Al, Ti, B: 0.1%, surplus is Al.
First by weight Cu:Ni=80:20 melting 17.5kg intermediate alloy W, by weight Al:Si=80:20 melting 27.5kg intermediate alloy X, by weight Al:Cu=50:50 melting 6kg intermediate alloy Y, by weight Al:Ge=70:30 melting 28.3kg intermediate alloy Z;
Remaining 20.5kg pure metallic aluminum is melted in intermediate frequency furnace, melted intermediate alloy W, X, Y, Z above adding in the time that melt temperature in stove reaches 720 DEG C, and be incubated 30 minutes, after it is fully merged, with the KCl+NaCl+ZnCl of mass ratio 1:1:12Coverture covers completely to molten alloy liquid; Molten metal is continued to heating, behind temperature rise to 800 ~ 850 DEG C, add 0.05kg Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy; After metal melts completely, be incubated 20 minutes, then start cooling. Temperature is down to 750 DEG C of left and right and is added 0.1kg metal Sr, and the argon gas of jetting carries out refining;
In the time that melt temperature is down to 700 DEG C, melting finishes, uniform composition solution is poured in solder ingot casting consecutive solidification device (can adopt the device in embodiment 1), open cooling recirculation system, make aluminium alloy cooling fast to realizing in mold casting process, obtain the finished product ingot casting of even tissue: the bar-shaped cast ingot of diameter 32mm or cross section are 100 × 10mm2Square billet. Same, bar-shaped cast ingot is processed into thin brazing wire through extruding, rolling, drawing tube reducing, and square billet ingot casting is through being rolled into band shape or foil-shaped brazing material.
Embodiment 3:
Warm aluminium alloy brazing filler metal in the low fragility of preparation 100kg, its composition requirement is:: Cu:16.0%, Si:7.5%, Ni:2.5%, Ge:7.0%, Sr:0.3%, the Al-Ti-B alloy being mixed with mass ratio 94:5:1 by Al, Ti, B: 0.15%, surplus is Al.
First by weight Cu:Ni=80:20 melting 12.5kg intermediate alloy W, by weight Al:Si=80:20 melting 27.5kg intermediate alloy X, by weight Al:Cu=50:50 melting 12kg intermediate alloy Y, by weight Al:Ge=70:30 melting 23.33kg intermediate alloy Z;
Remaining 14.22kg pure metallic aluminum is melted in intermediate frequency furnace, melted intermediate alloy W, X, Y, Z above adding in the time that melt temperature in stove reaches 720 DEG C, and be incubated 30 minutes, after it is fully merged, with the KCl+NaCl+ZnCl of mass ratio 1:1:12Coverture covers completely to molten alloy liquid; Molten metal is continued to heating, behind temperature rise to 800 ~ 850 DEG C, add 0.15kg Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy; After metal melts completely, be incubated 20 minutes, then start cooling. Temperature is down to 750 DEG C of left and right and is added 0.3kg metal Sr, and the argon gas of jetting carries out refining;
In the time that melt temperature is down to 700 DEG C, melting finishes, uniform composition solution is poured in solder ingot casting consecutive solidification device (can adopt the device in embodiment 1), open cooling recirculation system, make aluminium alloy cooling fast to realizing in mold casting process, obtain the finished product ingot casting of even tissue: the bar-shaped cast ingot of diameter 32mm or cross section are 100 × 10mm2Square billet. Same, bar-shaped cast ingot is processed into thin brazing wire through extruding, rolling, drawing tube reducing, and square billet ingot casting is through being rolled into band shape or foil-shaped brazing material.
Embodiment 4:
Warm aluminium alloy brazing filler metal in the low fragility of preparation 100kg, its composition requirement is:: Cu:17.5%, Si:6.5%, Ni:3.0%, Ge:6.5%, Sr:0.2%, the Al-Ti-B alloy being mixed with mass ratio 94:5:1 by Al, Ti, B: 0.2%, surplus is Al.
First by weight Cu:Ni=80:20 melting 15kg intermediate alloy W, by weight Al:Si=80:20 melting 32.5kg intermediate alloy X, by weight Al:Cu=50:50 melting 11kg intermediate alloy Y, by weight Al:Ge=70:30 melting 21.67kg intermediate alloy Z;
Remaining 19.43kg pure metallic aluminum is melted in intermediate frequency furnace, melted intermediate alloy W, X, Y, Z above adding in the time that melt temperature in stove reaches 720 DEG C, and be incubated 30 minutes, after it is fully merged, with the KCl+NaCl+ZnCl of mass ratio 1:1:12Coverture covers completely to molten alloy liquid; Molten metal is continued to heating, behind temperature rise to 800 ~ 850 DEG C, add 0.2kg Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy; After metal melts completely, be incubated 20 minutes, then start cooling. Temperature is down to 750 DEG C of left and right and is added 0.2kg metal Sr, and the argon gas of jetting carries out refining;
In the time that melt temperature is down to 700 DEG C, melting finishes, uniform composition solution is poured in solder ingot casting consecutive solidification device (can adopt the device in embodiment 1), open cooling recirculation system, make aluminium alloy cooling fast to realizing in mold casting process, obtain the finished product ingot casting of even tissue: the bar-shaped cast ingot of diameter 32mm or cross section are 100 × 10mm2Square billet. Same, bar-shaped cast ingot is processed into thin brazing wire through extruding, rolling, drawing tube reducing, and square billet ingot casting is through being rolled into band shape or foil-shaped brazing material.
Embodiment 5:
Warm aluminium alloy brazing filler metal in the low fragility of preparation 100kg, its composition requirement is:: Cu:17.5%, Si:6.5%, Ni:4.0%, Ge:6.0%, Sr:0.2%, the Al-Ti-B alloy being mixed with mass ratio 94:5:1 by Al, Ti, B: 0.01%, surplus is Al.
First by weight Cu:Ni=80:20 melting 20kg intermediate alloy W, by weight Al:Si=80:20 melting 32.5kg intermediate alloy X, by weight Al:Cu=50:50 melting 3kg intermediate alloy Y, by weight Al:Ge=70:30 melting 20g intermediate alloy Z;
Remaining 24.29kg pure metallic aluminum is melted in intermediate frequency furnace, melted intermediate alloy W, X, Y, Z above adding in the time that melt temperature in stove reaches 720 DEG C, and be incubated 30 minutes, after it is fully merged, with the KCl+NaCl+ZnCl of mass ratio 1:1:12Coverture covers completely to molten alloy liquid; Molten metal is continued to heating, behind temperature rise to 800 ~ 850 DEG C, add 0.01kg Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy; After metal melts completely, be incubated 20 minutes, then start cooling. Temperature is down to 750 DEG C of left and right and is added 0.2kg metal Sr, and the argon gas of jetting carries out refining;
In the time that melt temperature is down to 700 DEG C, melting finishes, uniform composition solution is poured in solder ingot casting consecutive solidification device (can adopt the device in embodiment 1), open cooling recirculation system, make aluminium alloy cooling fast to realizing in mold casting process, obtain the finished product ingot casting of even tissue: the bar-shaped cast ingot of diameter 32mm or cross section are 100 × 10mm2Square billet. Same, bar-shaped cast ingot is processed into thin brazing wire through extruding, rolling, drawing tube reducing, and square billet ingot casting is through being rolled into band shape or foil-shaped brazing material.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation technology of warm aluminium alloy brazing material in a low fragility, in described brazing material, the mass percent of each composition is: Cu:16.0 ~ 18.0%, Si:5.5 ~ 7.5%, Ni:2.4 ~ 4.0%, Ge:6.0 ~ 8.5%, Sr:0.1 ~ 0.5%, the Al-Ti-B alloy being mixed with mass ratio 94:5:1 by Al, Ti and B: 0.01 ~ 0.2%, surplus is Al; It is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:
The first step, smelting intermediate alloy
Melting intermediate alloy W: wherein in intermediate alloy W, the weight ratio of nickel and copper is: Cu:Ni=80:20;
Melting intermediate alloy X: wherein in intermediate alloy X, the weight ratio of silicon and aluminium is Al:Si=80:20;
Melting intermediate alloy Y: wherein in intermediate alloy Y, the weight ratio of copper and aluminium is Al:Cu=50:50;
Aluminium melting intermediate alloy Z: wherein in intermediate alloy Z, the weight ratio of germanium and aluminium is Al:Ge=70:30;
Second step, melting
Surplus metallic aluminium is melted in intermediate frequency furnace, when stove inner melt temperature reaches 720 DEG C, four kinds of intermediate alloy W, the X, Y, the Z that add the first step to smelt, and be incubated 30 minutes and make it abundant fusion; Then use the KCl+NaCl+ZnCl of mass ratio 1:1:12Coverture covers completely to liquation; Continue heating of metal liquation, behind temperature rise to 800 ~ 850 DEG C, add Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy, treat that it melts completely, then be incubated 20 minutes, then start cooling, when temperature is down to 750 DEG C ± 50 DEG C, add metal Sr, and the argon gas of jetting carries out refining; In the time that melt temperature is down to 700 DEG C, melting finishes, and liquation is poured into a mould in mold and formed ingot casting;
The 3rd step, Precision Machining
In casting process, cooling system is opened, and makes ingot casting cooling fast, and the bar-shaped cast ingot of diameter 32mm is processed into thin brazing wire through extruding, drawing tube reducing; Side's ingot blank becomes band or foil-shaped brazing material through multi-pass rolling.
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| CN106238955B (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2018-08-10 | 镇江市锶达合金材料有限公司 | A kind of arc-welding composite aluminium alloy solder silk and preparation method thereof |
| CN106312363B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2019-05-03 | 北京有色金属与稀土应用研究所 | A kind of Al-Cu-Ag-Ge-Mg-Ti aluminium base medium temperature vacuum brazing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113020838B (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2022-11-15 | 南昌航空大学 | Aluminum-based brazing filler metal, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113579550B (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2024-01-30 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Brazing filler metal paste for stainless steel brazing flux-free brazing, preparation method of brazing filler metal paste, copper-manganese-nickel-cobalt brazing filler metal and application of brazing filler metal paste |
| CN114654127A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-06-24 | 贵州大学 | Low-melting-point aluminum-based brazing filler metal, preparation thereof and application thereof in 6000 series aluminum alloy brazing |
| CN115106676B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2023-09-01 | 航天科工防御技术研究试验中心 | Aluminum alloy solder wire and preparation method thereof |
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| JPS61283488A (en) * | 1985-06-07 | 1986-12-13 | Hitachi Ltd | Joining method for al and al alloy |
| GB2270086A (en) * | 1992-08-28 | 1994-03-02 | Marconi Gec Ltd | Aluminium base alloys |
| CN101509090B (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2010-08-25 | 河南明泰铝业股份有限公司 | Casting-rolling aluminum alloy blank and producing method thereof |
| CN102152024B (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2012-10-03 | 浙江大学 | High-strength aluminum alloy brazing filler metal with melting point being lower than 500 DEG C and preparation method thereof |
| CN102513721B (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2015-09-09 | 浙江大学 | A kind of high-strength aluminum alloy solder for brazing at medium temperature and preparation method thereof |
| CN103170758A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-06-26 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Aluminum base brazing filler metal including scandium and strontium and preparation method thereof |
| CN103008909B (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2015-04-29 | 浙江大学 | Medium-temperature aluminum-based foil strap brazing material and preparation method thereof |
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Address after: 450001 science avenue of Zhengzhou high tech Industrial Development Zone, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, No. Patentee after: Zhengzhou Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd. Address before: 450000 Songshan South Road, Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan Patentee before: Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering |