CN104190165A - 适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置 - Google Patents
适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104190165A CN104190165A CN201410490003.8A CN201410490003A CN104190165A CN 104190165 A CN104190165 A CN 104190165A CN 201410490003 A CN201410490003 A CN 201410490003A CN 104190165 A CN104190165 A CN 104190165A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- waste gas
- valve
- baffle plate
- incinerator
- deduster
- Prior art date
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- 239000002912 waste gases Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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[O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000003546 flue gases Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000007921 sprays Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000011901 water Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquids Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002120 nanofilms Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001466460 Alveolata Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 40
- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reactions Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metals Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000614 Poisons Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reactions Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000003009 desulfurizing Effects 0.000 description 27
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002250 absorbents Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229960003563 Calcium Carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 8
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- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Chemical compound 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Abstract
本发明公开了一种适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，它包括焚烧炉废气净化装置本体，与焚烧炉本体的排气口连通的废气进气管，所述废气进气管的末端与除尘器连通，在除尘器内设有上除尘挡板和下除尘挡板，上除尘挡板和下除尘挡板间隔交错设置，除尘器的末端连通废气排气管，其废气排气管的末端连通排气烟囱，在排气烟囱的内侧壁上设有上、下交错的左支板和右支板，左支板上设有烟气预喷淋降温装置，右支板上设有烟气喷淋脱硫装置，排气烟囱底部形成废气净化池，在除尘器的底部设有除渣门，顶部安设有泄压阀，本发明能滤除燃煤燃烧过程中产生的有毒气体、重金属和粉尘，有效解决了废气污染问题，并避免了装置内部因气压过大而易引发爆炸的危险。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种废气净化装置，具体涉及一种适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，属于环境保护装置技术领域。
背景技术
[0002] 随着科学技术的快速发展，人们对环保越来越重视，对空气质量的要求也越来越高，而焚烧炉作为对燃煤或废弃物进行焚烧以换取热能或处理废物的装置，其燃烧燃煤或废弃物后通过焚烧炉排放的烟气中含有大量的酸性气体(如含硫气体)、粉尘、二恶因、重金属等污染物，如果不经过妥善处理，便会对大气环境造成较严重的污染；为了对焚烧炉排放的废气进行净化和处理，现有技术提出了多种方案，如公开号为CN103353115A、申请号为CN201310230391.1的中国专利申请，其公开了一种带烟气净化处理的多功能焚烧炉，设有焚烧炉、冷却系统、布袋除尘器、排放系统，在焚烧炉的炉体中设有燃烧风机、炉膛、炉内风管、入料门、燃烧器、炉条、除灰箱、炉体烟®、自来水管、电磁阀、除尘喷头、漏灰板、浮灰箱和烟气闸板。炉体固定在基座上，与基座呈15度倾斜角度，便于入料焚烧；炉膛顶部设有烟气闸板，烟气闸板可调节炉膛工作压力；浮灰箱位于炉体烟囱的外围，浮灰箱通过漏灰板与炉膛相连；浮灰箱设有除尘喷头，除尘喷头能够使焚烧过程中产生的浮灰重新进入炉膛继续焚烧，达到彻底完全焚化的目的；焚烧过程产生高温烟气可在冷却箱内与常温水进行热交换，将高温烟气瞬间降至200°C以下。该技术具有焚化彻底、除尘效率高、环保效果好等特点，但是不能滤除酸性气体、重金属和二恶因等有害污染物。又如申请号为CN201320298179.4、公开号为CN203329600U的中国专利申请，其公开了一种焚烧炉烟气处理净化装置，包括旋风脱硫器、多级除尘器、烟气净化池，旋风脱硫器烟气出口端与多级除尘器相连接，多级除尘器与烟气净化池相连接；所述多级除尘器内装有脱除二恶英的活性碳；所述烟气净化池的池体截面设置为正方形，在烟气净化池中水溶液液面控制线下设置气液混合装置，气液混合装置上部依次设有竹筛、木筛及耐蚀纤维网。该技术设置了多级烟气处理装置、对清除二恶英等有害气体有一定效果，但该技术所涉及的净化装置内部的气压较大，存在易爆的安全隐患，且旋风脱硫器的脱硫效果较差。
[0003] 另外，现有技术在烟气脱硫中使用较多的技术还有:通过吸收剂浆液吸收烟气中的酸性气体。由于燃煤燃烧产生的烟气本身温度比较高，并且烟气中的气体成分比较复杂，对脱硫设备的耐温性、耐腐蚀性有比较高的要求，而现有吸收剂浆液仅能对普通烟气中的酸性气体起到较好的脱硫效果，而对温度较高的燃煤燃烧产生的烟气，其脱硫效果及效率均较差。
发明内容
[0004] 为了解决现有技术存在的上述不足，本发明特提出一种适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，它包括焚烧炉本体、与焚烧炉本体的排气口连通的废气进气管，该废气进气管的末端与除尘器连通，在除尘器内设有上除尘挡板和下除尘挡板，上除尘挡板和下除尘挡板间隔交错设置，除尘器的末端连通废气排气管，其废气排气管的末端连通排气烟®，在排气烟囱的内侧壁上设有上、下交错的左支板和右支板，在其左、右支板上分别设有烟气预喷淋降温装置和烟气喷淋脱硫装置，排气烟®底部形成废气净化池，本发明制造、安装简单，占地面积小，能滤除燃煤或废弃物燃烧过程中产生的有毒气体、重金属和粉尘，有效解决了废气污染问题，并避免了装置内部因气压过高而易引发爆炸的风险。
[0005] 本发明解决其技术问题，所采用的技术方案是:一种适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，包括焚烧炉本体，与焚烧炉本体的排气口连通的废气进气管，所述废气进气管的末端与除尘器连通，其结构特点为:在除尘器内部设有上除尘挡板和下除尘挡板，所述上除尘挡板和下除尘挡板间隔交错设置，上除尘挡板悬置于除尘器上端内壁，下除尘挡板固定在除尘器下端内壁，上除尘挡板和下除尘挡板的表面均设置有生物纳米膜；所述除尘器的末端连通废气排气管，废气排气管的末端连通排气烟®，排气烟®的内侧壁上设有上、下交错的左支板和右支板，在左、右支板的一侧设置烟气预喷淋降温装置，另一侧设置烟气喷淋脱硫装置，烟气预喷淋降温装置和烟气喷淋脱硫装置上均设有若干喷头，在排气烟®的底部设置有废气净化池，废气净化池内的液面高度超过废气排气管的出口，在废气净化池的底部设置有排水口和排水阀。
[0006] 上述适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，所述排水口通过排水管道与过滤蓄水池相连，其过滤蓄水池通过连接管道分别与烟气预喷淋降温装置的进水池和烟气喷淋脱硫装置的进水池相连，并在其连接管道上设置有增压泵。
[0007] 上述适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，在过滤蓄水池中设置有过滤网和排污口，连接管道设置在过滤蓄水池的上侧，并通过过滤网与过滤蓄水池相连。
[0008] 上述适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，在废气净化池中设有浮动标，当浮动标随水位上升至预定高度时，即打开排水阀。
[0009] 上述适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，所述排水阀为弹力支撑球阀，包括阀球、阀体、阀座、密封垫和弹簧，阀体、阀座和密封垫均设置有中空的孔，在阀体内还设置有台阶孔，密封垫安装在阀座上，弹簧安装在阀体的孔内，阀球在弹簧的弹力推动下抵紧在阀座的密封垫上，使球阀保持关闭状态；当作用在阀球上的水压超过弹簧对阀球的推动力时，弹簧压缩，阀球离开阀座的密封垫，球阀打开。
[0010] 上述适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，所述烟气预喷淋降温装置通过进水管道与预喷淋进水池相连，在预喷淋进水池中设置有池水降温装置和过滤装置，在其进水管道上设置有增压泵。
[0011] 上述适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，所述烟气喷淋脱硫装置通过脱硫进水管与脱硫进水池相连，在脱硫进水池中添加有能清除硫化物的碱性吸收剂，并在脱硫进水池内设置有搅拌器，在脱硫进水管上设置有增压泵。
[0012] 上述适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，所述碱性吸收剂为碳酸钙、氧化钙、氢氧化钙中的一种或多种。
[0013] 上述适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，所述废气排水管为倾斜设置，其与除尘器连接的管口端高于与排气烟囱连接的管口端，以防止废气净化池中的水逆流入除尘器内。
[0014] 上述适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，在所述除尘器的底部设有除渣门，顶部安设有泄压阀，在泄压阀与除尘器之间设置有过滤挡板，所述过滤挡板成蜂窝状结构，设置有若干通孔，在过滤挡板上覆盖有过滤膜。
[0015] 上述适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，所述泄压阀包括阀芯和基座、阀芯呈丁字形，其尖端呈圆锥状；基座呈凸字形，在基座上开设有泄压孔和阀芯安装孔、阀芯安装孔的一端也呈圆锥孔状，并与阀芯相配，阀芯安设于阀芯安装孔内。
[0016] 上述适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，所述泄压阀还包括端盖和复位弹簧，复位弹簧套设在阀芯上，并也置于阀芯安装孔内，端盖上开设有可供阀芯的锥端及杆部自由穿行的通孔，通过螺钉将端盖安装在基座的上端面，复位弹簧的一端抵压在端盖内侧，复位弹簧的另一端抵压在阀芯的圆锥底面上。
[0017] 上述适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，所述过滤挡板安设于基座上。
[0018] 上述适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，在排气烟囱的顶部设置有余气净化装置，在余气净化装置内设置有活性碳。
[0019] 上述适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，在废气净化池的外部还设置有池水压力显示器和Ph检测装置。
[0020] 与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是:本发明提出的适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，在除尘器内部设置上除尘挡板和下除尘挡板，上除尘挡板和下除尘挡板间隔交错设置，上除尘挡板悬置于除尘器上端内壁，下除尘挡板固定在除尘器下端内壁。废气通过废气进气管后进入到除尘器中，经过间隔、交错设置的上除尘挡板和下除尘挡板后，废气中的粉尘被上除尘挡板和下除尘挡板所阻挡，由于上除尘挡板和下除尘挡板的表面均设置有生物纳米膜，使得大颗粒物质无法通过，粉尘即阻挡在除尘器的上除尘挡板和下除尘挡板上，并跌落堆积于除渣门附近。上除尘挡板和下除尘挡板形成一上一下的通道，增加了废气经过除尘器的路径和时间，使得废气中的粉尘被上、下除尘挡板充分的阻挡，起到了去除粉尘的效果。同时，上除尘挡板和下除尘挡板交叉设置还有利于降低除尘器的气压，现有技术采用密闭的过滤板结构会导致空气通过率低，且会导致除尘器内的气压过高，本发明采用交叉设置的除尘挡板结构，可以增加烟气与过滤板的接触面积，与现有技术相比，其过滤效果更好，且还能够控制除尘器的气压，本发明在排气烟®的内侧壁上设有上、下交错的左支板和右支板，并在左、右支板上分别设置烟气预喷淋降温装置和烟气喷淋脱硫装置；烟气预喷淋降温装置和烟气喷淋脱硫装置上均设有若干喷头；经过第一轮除尘净化后的废气，最终进入到排气烟園内，排气烟®内部设置与除尘器类似，均采用层层交替设置方案，烟气预喷淋降温装置和烟气喷淋脱硫装置分别设于左、右两支板上，废气先被烟气预喷淋降温装置进行第二轮降温，然后又被烟气喷淋脱硫装置进行脱硫处理，再然后又被下一组烟气预喷淋降温装置降温，如此循环，实现对废气的过滤，使得废气达到排放标准，最终被排入大气中，保护了环境。在排气烟®底部形成废气净化池，废气净化池的液面超过废气排气管的出口，废气完全通过废气净化池，废气与废气净化池中的水进行中和、分解、脱硫和消烟。
[0021] 本发明在除尘器的底部开设有除渣门，顶部安设有泄压阀，泄压阀与除尘器之间设有过滤挡板。除渣门定期打开，以方便对除尘器内积压的灰尘和杂质进行清理。除尘器顶部安设有泄压阀，当除尘器内的气压过高时，泄压阀的阀芯即克服重力和复位弹簧的弹力，在气压的作用下即向上抬起，从而打开泄压孔，除尘器内膨胀的气体即从泄压孔中喷出，即设置泄压阀能调节气压，防止气压过大而使除尘器发生爆炸。同时为了防止泄压阀中泄出的废气含粉尘，在泄压阀与除尘器之间还设有过滤挡板，在过滤挡板上覆盖有过滤膜，是为了吸附废气中的粉尘和杂质，以保证即便是从泄压孔中喷出的气体也不含粉尘和杂质。将过滤挡板安设于泄压阀的基座上，是为了使其结构更加紧凑。设置复位弹簧的作用是利于减小阀芯和泄压阀的重量及体积，即在同等重量和体积的情况下，复位弹簧在端盖的配合下，能对阀芯施加一个向下的力，从而增大了其上行开阀的气压值，以防止除尘器内的烟气在稍高气压下即溢出，即增大了除尘器内的烟气溢出的压力值，起到了调节泄压阀的气压值的作用，既防止气压过大而使除尘器发生爆炸，又避免除尘器内的烟气在稍高气压下即溢出的缺陷。
[0022] 本发明在废气净化池的底部设置有排水口和排水阀，是为了排除废气净化池中多余的水，以防止水量过多逆流入除尘器内，其排水口通过排水管道与过滤蓄水池相连，过滤蓄水池又通过连接管道分别与烟气预喷淋降温装置的进水池和烟气喷淋脱硫装置的进水池相连，并在其连接管道上设置有增压泵，是为了将烟气预喷淋降温装置和烟气喷淋脱硫装置喷出的水进行收集回用，达到循环用水的目的，以利于节约用水。在过滤蓄水池中设置有过滤网和排污口，是为了滤除蓄水池中的粉尘和杂物，防止其被抽入进水池中而堵塞喷头。在废气净化池中设置浮动标，是为了当浮动标随水位上升至指定高度时，利用浮动标能打开排水阀，保证废气净化池中的水位保持在合理的位置，以防止废气净化池中的水位过高而逆流入除尘器内。
[0023] 本发明将废气净化池中的排水阀设为弹力支撑球阀，是为了增强其排水的安全性，当废气净化池中的水位低于警界水位时，其池中的水压较低，球阀的阀球在弹簧的弹力推动下抵紧在阀座的密封垫上，使球阀保持关闭状态；当废气净化池中的水位超过警界水位时，其池中的水压已增大，以致于其作用在阀球上的水压已超过了弹簧对阀球的推动力，弹簧压缩，阀球向下离开阀座的密封垫，球阀打开，废气净化池中的水即通过排水口流出，以保证废气净化池中的水位能始终维持在警界线以下的正常状态。
[0024] 本发明在预喷淋进水池中设置池水降温装置，是为了对进水池中的水进行降温，主要是对废气净化池中回抽的循环用水进行降温，使其水温保持在一个相对较低的范围，以利于对排气烟囱的烟气进行降温。设置过滤装置是为了避免将进水池中的粉尘及杂质抽进预喷淋喷头内而阻塞喷头；在进水管道上设置增压泵是为了增大对预喷淋喷头的供水量和喷射力，以更有效的对排气烟囱的烟气进行降温和除尘。
[0025] 本发明在脱硫进水池中添加有能清除硫化物的碱性吸收剂，所述碱性吸收剂为碳酸钙、氧化钙、氢氧化钙中的一种或多种。是为了脱除烟气中的硫化物，众所周知，硫化物均为酸性，而碳酸钙、氧化钙、氢氧化钙等钙类物质均为碱性，酸碱中和，便能起到脱硫、分解的作用，从而达到去除烟气中硫化物的效果。在脱硫进水池内设置有搅拌器，是为了使脱硫进水池中的钙化物能充分溶解，在进水管上设置增压泵也是为了增大对烟气脱硫喷淋喷头的供水量和喷射力，以便更有效和充分的对排气烟®中的烟气进行脱硫。
[0026] 本发明将废气排水管设置为倾斜状，其与除尘器连接的管口端高于与排气烟囱连接的管口端，其有益效果是既可以保证让废气净化池内的液面高度超过废气排气管的出口，让废气完全通过废气净化池，又可以防止废气净化池中的水逆流入除尘器而影响除尘器的工作。
[0027] 本发明在排气烟®的顶部设置余气净化装置，在余气净化装置内设置活性碳，是为了进一步对即将排放到大气中的烟气进行余气净化，再次吸附烟气中的尘埃和有毒有害物。
[0028] 本发明在废气净化池的外部设置池水压力显示器和ph检测装置，是为了便于使用人员观察和检测，以便于采取进一步的措施。
附图说明
[0029] 图1为本发明适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置的基本结构示意图；
[0030] 图2为本发明适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置泄压阀的结构示意图；
[0031] 图3为本发明适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置排水阀的结构示意图。
[0032] 图中:1为废气进气管、2为除尘器、3为废气排气管、4为排气烟囱、5为上除尘挡板、6为下除尘挡板、7为余气净化装置、8为池水压力显示器、9为ph检测装置、10为左支板、11为右支板、12为烟气预喷淋降温装置、13为烟气喷淋脱硫装置、14为喷头、15为排水口、16为除洛门、17为泄压阀、18为过滤挡板、19为基座、20为端盖、21为阀芯、22为复位弹簧、23为排污口、24为排水阀、30为废气净化池、35为排水管道、40为过滤蓄水池、45为连接管道、50为预喷淋进水池、55为脱硫进水池、60为增压泵、65为浮动标、70为池水降温装置、75为搅拌器、80为进水管道、85为脱硫进水管。
[0033] A为泄压阀的泄压孔、B为泄压阀的阀芯安装孔
[0034] 101为阀球、102为阀体、103为阀座、104为密封垫、105为弹簧。
具体实施方式
[0035] 如图1至图3所示，本发明的第一种具体实施方式为:一种适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，包括焚烧炉本体(图中未示出)，与焚烧炉本体的排气口连通的废气进气管1，其废气进气管I的末端与除尘器2连通，在除尘器2的内部分别设有多块上除尘挡板5和多块下除尘挡板6，其上除尘挡板5和下除尘挡板6间隔交错设置，上除尘挡板5悬置于除尘器2上端内壁，下除尘挡板6固定在除尘器2下端内壁，上除尘挡板5和下除尘挡板6的表面均设置有生物纳米膜(图中未示出)；废气通过废气进气管I后进入到除尘器2中，经过间隔、交错设置的上除尘挡板5和下除尘挡板6后，废气中的粉尘被上除尘挡板5和下除尘挡板6所阻挡，由于上除尘挡板5和下除尘挡板6的表面均设置有生物纳米膜，使得大颗粒物质无法通过，粉尘即阻挡在除尘器2的上除尘挡板5和下除尘挡板6上，并跌落堆积于除渣门16附近。上除尘挡板5和下除尘挡板6形成一上一下的通道，增加了废气经过除尘器2的路径和时间，且增大了烟气与过滤板的接触面积，使得废气中的粉尘、颗粒物被上、下除尘挡板充分的阻挡，起到了去除粉尘和颗粒物的效果。同时，上除尘挡板5和下除尘挡板6交叉设置还有利于降低除尘器2内的气压，除尘器2的末端连通废气排气管3，废气排气管3的末端连通排气烟囱4，废气排气管3为倾斜设置，其与除尘器2连接的管口端高于与排气烟® 4连接的管口端，经过第一轮除尘净化后的废气，最终进入到排气烟® 4中，排气烟囱4内部设置与除尘器类似，均采用层层交替设置方案，即在排气烟囱4的内侧壁上设有多块上、下交错的左支板10和右支板11，在每块左支板10的下侧设置多个烟气预喷淋降温装置12，在每块右支板11的下侧设置有多个烟气喷淋脱硫装置13，烟气预喷淋降温装置12和烟气喷淋脱硫装置13上均设有若干喷头，废气先被烟气预喷淋降温装置12进行第二轮降温，然后又被烟气喷淋脱硫装置13进行脱硫处理，再然后又被下一组烟气预喷淋降温装置12降温，如此循环，实现对废气的过滤，使得废气达到排放标准。在排气烟囱4的底部设置有废气净化池30，废气净化池30内的液面高度超过废气排气管3的出口高度，废气完全通过废气净化池30，使废气与水进行消烟、脱硫、中和、分解，但由于废气排水管3为倾斜设置，其与除尘器2连接的管口端高于与排气烟囱4连接的管口端，故能防止废气净化池30中的水逆流入除尘器2内，在废气净化池30的底部设置有排水口 15和排水阀24，排水口15通过排水管道35与过滤蓄水池40相连，以利于排除废气净化池30中多余的水，防止水量过多逆流入除尘器2内，其过滤蓄水池40通过连接管道45分别与预喷淋进水池50和脱硫进水池55相连，并在其连接管道45上设置有增压泵60，以利于将烟气预喷淋降温装置12和烟气喷淋脱硫装置13喷出后跌落进废气净化池30的水进行收集回用，达到循环用水的目的，以节约用水。同时在过滤蓄水池40中设置有过滤网(图中未示出)和排污口 23，连接管道45设置在过滤蓄水池40的上侧，并通过过滤网与过滤蓄水池40相连。以滤除蓄水池中的粉尘和杂物，防止其被抽入进水池中而堵塞喷头。
[0036] 另外，本实施方式还在废气净化池30中设有浮动标65，当浮动标65随水位上升至预定高度时，即能通过与浮动标65所连接的杠杆的联动作用，而打开排水阀，保证废气净化池30中的水位保持在合理的位置，以防止废气净化池30中的水位过高而逆流入除尘器2内。当然也可以采用弹力支撑球阀作为排水阀24，当采用弹力支撑球阀作为排水阀24时，便不用设置浮动标65，仅依靠弹力支撑球阀自身的结构，即可达到自动控制水位高度的效果，当废气净化池30中的水位超过设定水位时，弹力支撑球阀结构的排水阀24即可自动打开，实现排水，所述弹力支撑球阀，其结构包括阀球101、阀体102、阀座103、密封垫104和弹簧105，其阀体102、阀座103和密封垫104均设置有中空的孔，在阀体102内还设置有台阶孔，密封垫104安装在阀座103上，弹簧105安装在阀体102的孔内，具体安装在阀体102内孔的台阶面上，阀球101在弹簧105的弹力推动下抵紧在阀座103的密封垫104上，使球阀保持关闭状态；当废气净化池30中的水位升高，超过设定的安全水位时，其作用在阀球101上的水压值便跟随升高，当其超过弹簧105对阀球101的推动力时，弹簧105便压缩，在水压的作用下，阀球101向下移动，离开阀座上的密封垫104，球阀打开，废气净化池30中的水便通过阀球101与密封垫104之间的间隙而流出，直至其水位回复正常值时，阀球101在弹簧105的弹力作用下便自动复位而关闭球阀。
[0037] 在本实施方式中，烟气预喷淋降温装置12通过进水管道80与预喷淋进水池50相连，在预喷淋进水池50中设置有池水降温装置70和过滤网(图中未示出)，其池水降温装置70采用降温风扇，以利于对进水池50中的水进行降温，其降温主要是针对废气净化池30中回抽的循环用水，以使其进水池50中的水温保持在一个相对较低的温度范围，从而有利于更多的带走排气烟囱4的烟气热量，从而更有效的对其预排放的烟气进行降温；过滤网能避免将进水池50中的粉尘及杂质抽进预喷淋喷头内而阻塞喷头14 ;在进水管道80上还设置了一个增压泵60，能增大对预喷淋喷头14的供水量和喷射力，以便更有效的对排气烟囱4的烟气进行降温和除尘。另外，烟气喷淋脱硫装置13通过脱硫进水管85与脱硫进水池55相连，在脱硫进水池55中添加有能清除硫化物的碱性吸收剂，其碱性吸收剂为碳酸钙、氧化钙、氢氧化钙中的一种或多种的混合，为节约成本，本实施方式采用碳酸钙作为其碱性吸收剂，碳酸钙呈碱性，而硫化物呈酸性，酸碱中和，便能起到脱硫、分解的作用，从而达到去除烟气中硫化物的效果。在脱硫进水池55内还设置有搅拌器75，设置搅拌器75能对脱硫进水池55中的碳酸钙进行充分搅拌，使其完全溶解在池水中，以避免其碳酸钙颗粒物阻塞烟气喷淋脱硫装置13的喷头14，同理，为了增大对烟气脱硫喷淋喷头14的供水量和喷射力，本实施方式也在脱硫进水管85上设置有增压泵60。
[0038] 本实施方式还在除尘器2的底部设有除渣门16，除渣门16定期打开，以便对除尘器2内积下的颗粒物进行清除，在除尘器2的顶部安设有泄压阀17，泄压阀17采用物理泄压原理，其具体结构包括基座19、端盖20、阀芯21和复位弹簧22、阀芯21呈丁字形，其尖端呈圆锥状；基座19呈凸字形，在基座19上开设有泄压孔A和阀芯安装孔B、阀芯安装孔B的一端也呈圆锥孔状，并与阀芯21相配，阀芯21安设于阀芯安装孔B内，复位弹簧22套设在阀芯21上，并也置于阀芯安装孔B内，在端盖20上开设有可供阀芯21的锥端及杆部自由穿行的通孔，通过螺钉将端盖20安装在基座19的上端面，复位弹簧22的一端抵压在端盖20的内侧，复位弹簧22的另一端抵压在阀芯21的圆锥底面上。在泄压阀17与除尘器2之间设置有过滤挡板18，其过滤挡板18具体安设在泄压阀17的基座19上，其过滤挡板18成蜂窝状结构，开设有若干通孔，利于烟气顺畅穿过，并在过滤挡板18上覆盖有一层可透气的过滤膜，以通过烟气而阻隔颗粒物。当除尘器2内的气压过高时，泄压阀17的阀芯21即克服重力和复位弹簧22的弹力，在气压的作用下即向上抬起，从而打开泄压孔A，除尘器2内的多余的气体即从泄压孔A中喷出，设置复位弹簧22的作用是利于减小阀芯21和泄压阀17的重量及体积，即在同等重量和体积的情况下，复位弹簧22在端盖的配合下，能对阀芯21施加一个向下的力，从而增大了其上行开阀的气压值，以防止除尘器2内的烟气在稍高气压下即溢出，即增大了除尘器2内的烟气溢出的压力值，起到了调节泄压阀的气压值的作用，既防止气压过大而使除尘器2发生爆炸，又避免除尘器2内的烟气在稍高气压下即溢出的缺陷，同时过滤挡板18在过滤膜的作用下，还能防止泄压阀17中泄出的废气含粉尘和颗粒物，将过滤挡板18安设于泄压阀17的基座19上，有利于使其泄压阀的结构更加紧凑。
[0039] 本实施方式还在排气烟園4的顶部设置有余气净化装置7，在余气净化装置7内设置有活性碳颗粒，能再次吸附烟气中的尘埃和有毒有害物，以利于进一步对即将排放到大气中的烟气进行余气净化、除味。此外，本实施方式还在废气净化池30的外部设置有池水压力显示器8和ph检测装置9，方便了使用人员观察和检测，以便于采取进一步的措施。
[0040] 以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明结构的前提下，还可以作出若干变形和改进，这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围，这些都不会影响本发明实施的效果和实用性。
Claims (7)
1.适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，包括焚烧炉本体，与焚烧炉本体的排气口连通的废气进气管(I)，所述废气进气管(I)的末端与除尘器(2)连通，在除尘器(2)内部设有上除尘挡板(5)和下除尘挡板¢)，所述上除尘挡板(5)和下除尘挡板¢)间隔交错设置，上除尘挡板(5)悬置于除尘器(2)上端内壁，下除尘挡板¢)固定在除尘器(2)下端内壁，上除尘挡板(5)和下除尘挡板¢)的表面均设置有生物纳米膜；所述除尘器(2)的末端连通废气排气管(3)，废气排气管(3)的末端连通排气烟囱(4)，排气烟囱(4)的内侧壁上设有上、下交错的左支板(10)和右支板(11)，在左、右支板(10、11)的一侧设置烟气预喷淋降温装置(12)，另一侧设置烟气喷淋脱硫装置(13)，烟气预喷淋降温装置(12)和烟气喷淋脱硫装置(13)上均设有若干喷头(14)，在排气烟® (4)的底部设置有废气净化池(30)，废气净化池(30)内的液面高度超过废气排气管(3)的出口，在废气净化池(30)的底部设置有排水口(15)和排水阀(24)，其特征在于:在所述除尘器(2)的底部设有除渣门(16)，顶部安设有泄压阀(17)，在泄压阀(17)与除尘器(2)之间设置有过滤挡板(18)，所述过滤挡板(18)成蜂窝状结构，设置有若干通孔，在过滤挡板(18)上覆盖有过滤膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，其特征在于:所述泄压阀(17)包括阀芯(21)和基座(19)、阀芯(21)呈丁字形，其尖端呈圆锥状；基座(19)呈凸字形，在基座(19)上开设有泄压孔(A)和阀芯安装孔(B)、阀芯安装孔(B)的一端也呈圆锥孔状，并与阀芯(21)相配，阀芯(21)安设于阀芯安装孔(B)内。
3.根据权利要求2所述的适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，其特征在于:所述泄压阀(17)还包括端盖(20)和复位弹簧(22)，复位弹簧(22)套设在阀芯(21)上，并也置于阀芯安装孔(B)内，端盖(20)上开设有可供阀芯(21)的锥端及杆部自由穿行的通孔，通过螺钉将端盖(20)安装在基座(19)的上端面，复位弹簧(22)的一端抵压在端盖(20)内侧，复位弹簧(22)的另一端抵压在阀芯(21)的圆锥底面上。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，其特征在于:所述过滤挡板(18)安设于基座(19)上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，其特征在于:所述排水阀(24)为弹力支撑球阀，包括阀球(101)、阀体(102)、阀座(103)、密封垫(104)和弹簧(105)，阀体(102)、阀座(103)和密封垫(104)均设置有中空的孔，在阀体(102)内还设置有台阶孔，密封垫(104)安装在阀座(103)上，弹簧(105)安装在阀体(102)的孔内，阀球(101)在弹簧(105)的弹力推动下抵紧在阀座(103)的密封垫(104)上，使球阀保持关闭状态；当作用在阀球(101)上的水压超过弹簧(105)对阀球(101)的推动力时，弹簧(105)压缩，阀球(101)离开阀座(103)的密封垫(104)，球阀打开。
6.根据权利要求1或5所述的适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，其特征在于:在废气净化池(30)中设有浮动标(65)，当浮动标¢5)随水位上升至预定高度时，即打开排水阀(24)。
7.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的适用于焚烧炉的废气净化装置，其特征在于:在排气烟® (4)的顶部设置有余气净化装置(7)，在余气净化装置(7)内设置有活性碳。
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| CN105268262A (zh) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-01-27 | 浙江腾荣环保科技有限公司 | 一种循环过滤烟尘装置 |
| GB2553771A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2018-03-21 | Wilson Bio Chemical Ltd | Removing particulates |
| GB2553771B (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2018-12-05 | Wilson Bio Chemical Ltd | Removing particulates |
| US10646843B2 (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2020-05-12 | Wilson Bio-Chemical Limited | Removing particulates |
| CN108404634A (zh) * | 2018-04-05 | 2018-08-17 | 王文娟 | 基于物联网的空气净化装置 |
| CN108404634B (zh) * | 2018-04-05 | 2020-08-28 | 湖南楠木树服饰有限公司 | 基于物联网的空气净化装置 |
| CN109323605A (zh) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-02-12 | 李洁 | 一种煤焦化换热器 |
| CN109323605B (zh) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-12-08 | 安徽匠桥科技服务有限公司 | 一种煤焦化换热器 |
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