CN104181191A - Expanded rubber volume elastic modulus testing and sample preparation apparatus, and method thereof - Google Patents
Expanded rubber volume elastic modulus testing and sample preparation apparatus, and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104181191A CN104181191A CN201410032281.9A CN201410032281A CN104181191A CN 104181191 A CN104181191 A CN 104181191A CN 201410032281 A CN201410032281 A CN 201410032281A CN 104181191 A CN104181191 A CN 104181191A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of technologic test equipment, and especially relates to an expanded rubber volume elastic modulus testing and sample preparation apparatus, and a method thereof. The apparatus comprises: a metal cavity; a pressure head matched with the metal cavity to prepare an expanded rubber sample; a temperature control system used for controlling a heating coil to heat the metal cavity in the preparation of the expanded rubber sample, the volume expansion coefficient test and the thermal expansion pressure test; a metal gasket arranged above the expanded rubber sample in the volume expansion coefficient test and the thermal expansion pressure test; a displacement measurement device for measuring the change of the displacement of the metal gasket in the volume expansion coefficient test; and a load acquisition system for measuring the change of the expansion pressure of the expanded rubber sample in the thermal expansion stress test. The apparatus integrates the preparation of the expanded rubber sample with the measurement of the volume elastic modulus of the expanded rubber sample, ensures the rapid, convenient and accurate test of the volume elastic modulus, and provides the guarantee for the effective control of the quality of composite material products molded through a thermal expansion technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineer testing apparatus field, relate in particular to the test of expanded rubber bulk modulus and sample preparation device thereof and the test of expanded rubber bulk modulus and preparation method of sample thereof.
Background technology
In order to meet the moulding needs of the complicated closure members such as composite wood magazine type part, cast part and Multicarity structure, thermal expansion moulding process becomes compound substance and manufactures one of important research contents in field.Thermal expansion moulding process refers to that material prepreg laying realizes the forming method to compound substance cure under pressure by the expanded by heating of core in closed rigidity former.It is core that this technique be take the larger material of thermal expansivity conventionally, rigid material is former, compound substance is placed between core and former, after mould is heated, core volumetric expansion, because the thermal expansivity of core material is far longer than the thermal expansivity of former material, so the volumetric expansion of core is subject to the restriction of former, in die cavity, produce pressure, thereby realize in technological process, compound substance is pressurizeed.In technological process, the swelling pressure that produce after rationally controlling core and being heated are to control the key of composite product quality, and core material volume elastic modulus is an important parameter.At present, industrial widely used core material is expanded rubber, and therefore, the accuracy of expanded rubber bulk modulus becomes the important prerequisite of controlling composite material forming pressure.
Expanded rubber raw material manufacturer can provide corresponding parameter to instruct core design effectively to control thermal expansion technique forming pressure, yet can need to add filler according to technique in the actual use of expanded rubber, kind and the quantity of filler are indefinite, the parameter that producer provides just loses directive significance, technique department can only be undertaken realizing the control to heat expansion pressure after test of many times by " trial and error ", causes a large amount of wastes of human and material resources, financial resources; In addition, generally, in bulk modulus test process, sample preparation device and proving installation are separate, and the scale error that sample process causes will cause sample can not mate with testing apparatus, affect the accuracy of test result.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation of expanded rubber sample and the expanded rubber bulk modulus test of bulk modulus test and sample preparation device and the test of expanded rubber bulk modulus and preparation method of sample thereof of integrating.
For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
The invention provides the test of expanded rubber bulk modulus and sample preparation device thereof, comprise metallic cavity, it comprises base and metal barrel, and the outer race of described metal barrel is provided with heater coil;
Pressure head, it coordinates with described metallic cavity the preparation of carrying out expanded rubber sample; Described pressure head has the press section that can stretch in described metal barrel, and described pressure head is provided with the flash mouth that runs through described press section and lead to described pressure head outside;
Temperature control system, controls described heater coil in its preparation at described expanded rubber sample, volume expansivity test and heat expansion pressure test process and heats described metallic cavity;
Metallic gasket, in the test of its volume expansivity at described expanded rubber sample and heat expansion pressure test process, be arranged at described expanded rubber sample above, the inwall of described metallic gasket shape and size and described metal barrel is suitable;
Displacement measuring device, it measures the change in displacement of described metallic gasket for the volume expansivity test process at described expanded rubber sample;
Load acquisition system, the swelling pressure variation producing because of expanded by heating for measure described expanded rubber sample in the heat expansion pressure test process of described expanded rubber sample, it comprises load register system and two mechanical test compressing heads that are all connected with described load register system, described load register system is for recording the swelling pressure of described expanded rubber sample under different temperatures, described in one of them, mechanical test compressing head is arranged at the top of described metallic gasket, and described in another, mechanical test compressing head is arranged at the below of described base.
As preferred version of the present invention, described temperature control system comprises the first thermopair for detection of described metallic cavity temperature, and described the first thermopair is arranged in the first putting hole on described metal barrel.
As preferred version of the present invention, on described pressure head, be provided with the second putting hole that the second thermopair is installed.
As preferred version of the present invention, described base is connected with described metal barrel by fastening bolt.
As preferred version of the present invention, described displacement measuring device is dial gauge.
The test of expanded rubber bulk modulus and a preparation method of sample thereof for the expanded rubber bulk modulus test as described in above-mentioned arbitrary preferred version and sample preparation device thereof, comprise the following steps:
S00: need according to technique, expanded rubber raw material is mixed according to a certain percentage, be placed in vacuum environment and carry out de-bubble processing, then inject described metallic cavity, starting described temperature control system controls described heater coil and heats described metallic cavity to expanded rubber technological temperature, determine molding time, until described expanded rubber sample moulding, in forming process, utilize described pressure head to guarantee that specimen surface is smooth, unnecessary raw material flows out from described flash mouth, completes the preparation of described expanded rubber sample;
S01: the top that described metallic gasket is placed on to described expanded rubber sample, start described temperature control system and control described heater coil, set respectively a plurality of temperature platforms, observe and record described displacement measuring device under each temperature platform and test the reading of described metallic gasket displacement and change, volume calculated expansion coefficient;
S02: the top that described metallic gasket is placed into described expanded rubber sample, two described mechanical test compressing heads are clamped respectively to described base and described metallic gasket, adjustment contact is preset value, and to set described mechanical test compressing head be displacement constant-mode, start described temperature control system and control described heater coil, set respectively a plurality of temperature platforms, the reading of observing and record described load register system under each temperature platform changes, and the swelling pressure of calculating described expanded rubber sample change;
S03: obtain bulk modulus value according to bulk modulus computing formula.
As preferred version of the present invention, described step S01 implements according to following steps:
S011: start described temperature control system and control described heater coil heating, the temperature of described metallic cavity is raise (reduction), reach temperature T;
S012: record the reading that described displacement measuring device reaches steady state (SS);
S013: repeating said steps S011 and S012 successively, until a plurality of temperature platform has all recorded.
As preferred version of the present invention, described step S02 implements according to following steps:
S021: start described temperature control system and control described heater coil, the temperature of described metallic cavity is raise (reduction), reach temperature T ';
S022: record the reading that described load register system reaches steady state (SS);
S023: repeating said steps S021 and S022 successively, until a plurality of temperature platform has all recorded.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The invention provides the test of expanded rubber bulk modulus and sample preparation device thereof, that preparation and the bulk modulus thereof that integrates expanded rubber sample tested, effectively avoided the impact on test accuracy of the scale error that causes due to sample processing, at utmost simulation the duty of expanded rubber under thermal expansion technique full-scale condition, guarantee bulk modulus fast, test easily and accurately, for effectively controlling thermal expansion technique forming composite parts quality, provide safeguard.
The present invention also provides the test of expanded rubber bulk modulus and preparation method of sample thereof, the method can effectively change the present situation that thermal expansion technique heat expansion pressure is determined in employing " trial and error ", a large amount of saving experimentation cost, guarantee by the measured bulk modulus of the present invention, to the Accurate Prediction of heat expansion pressure in actual process and effectively control, in Composite Thermal Expansion technology field, to be with a wide range of applications.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the metallic cavity of the expanded rubber bulk modulus test that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one and sample preparation device thereof;
Fig. 2 is the device schematic diagram of the expanded rubber volume expansivity test that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 3 is the device schematic diagram of the expanded rubber heat expansion pressure test that provides of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 4 is the expanded rubber bulk modulus test that provides of the embodiment of the present invention two and the process flow diagram of preparation method of sample thereof;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of the expanded rubber volume expansivity test that provides of the embodiment of the present invention two;
Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram of the expanded rubber heat expansion pressure test that provides of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Wherein:
1, metallic cavity; 2, temperature control system; 3, heater coil; 4, dial gauge; 5, metallic gasket; 6, the first thermopair; 7, load register system; 8, mechanical test compressing head; 10, expanded rubber;
11, base; 12, metal barrel; 13, fastening bolt; 14, pressure head;
121, the first putting hole; 141, flash mouth; 142, the second putting hole.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by embodiment, further illustrate technical scheme of the present invention.
Embodiment mono-
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the present embodiment provides a kind of expanded rubber bulk modulus test and sample preparation device thereof, and it comprises metallic cavity 1, temperature control system 2, metallic gasket 5, pressure head 14, displacement measuring device and load acquisition system for placing expanded rubber sample coupon.
Wherein, metallic cavity 1 comprises base 11 and metal barrel 12, and the outer race of metal barrel 12 is provided with heater coil 3, and base 11 is connected with metal barrel 12 by fastening bolt 13.
Pressure head 14 coordinates with metallic cavity 1 preparation of carrying out expanded rubber sample 10, pressure head 14 has the press section that can stretch in metal barrel 12, pressure head 14 is provided with the flash mouth 141 that runs through press section and lead to pressure head 14 outsides, is provided with the second putting hole 142 that the second thermopair is installed on pressure head 14.
Temperature control system 2 is controlled heater coil 3 heating of metal cavitys 1 in preparation, volume expansivity test and the heat expansion pressure test process of expanded rubber sample 10, it comprises that the first thermopair 6, the first thermopairs 6 for detection of metallic cavity 1 temperature are arranged in the first putting hole 121 on metal barrel 12.
When temperature control system 2 is controlled heater coil 3 heating of metal cavity 1, the first thermopair 6 is temperature-control heat couple, can control and adjust heating-up temperature to volume expansivity test and heat expansion pressure test temperature, realizes the test of the bulk modulus of expanded rubber.When temperature control system 2, controlling heater coil 3 heating of metal cavity 1, the second thermopairs is temperature thermocouple, can respond to and expanded rubber sample forming temperature be detected, is convenient to the moulding of Control Assay part.The use of metallic cavity 1 guarantees sample coupon accuracy of gauge, thereby guarantees the reliability of test result.
Metallic gasket 5 in the volume expansivity test of expanded rubber sample 10 and heat expansion pressure test process, be arranged at expanded rubber sample 10 above, the inwall of metallic gasket 5 shape and size and metal barrel 12 is suitable, metallic gasket 5 the effectively upper surface flatness of Control Assay is set, to guarantee the accuracy of specimen size test.
Displacement measuring device, it measures the change in displacement of metallic gasket 5 for the volume expansivity test process at expanded rubber sample 10.The present embodiment is preferably, displacement measuring device is dial gauge 4, dial gauge 4 is to utilize rack pinion or lever-gear transmission, the straight-line displacement of measuring staff is become to the measurement instrument of the angular displacement of pointer, it is comprised of gauge head, gauge rod, antirattle spring, tooth bar, gear, hairspring, round dial and pointer etc. conventionally, have highly sensitive and measure accurate advantage, effectively having improved the accuracy of the expansion displacement variation that detects expanded rubber sample.
Load acquisition system, the swelling pressure variation producing because of expanded by heating for measure expanded rubber sample 10 in the heat expansion pressure test process of expanded rubber sample 10, it comprises load register system 7 and two mechanical test compressing heads 8 that are all connected with load register system 7, load register system 7 is for recording the swelling pressure of expanded rubber sample 10 under different temperatures, one of them mechanical test compressing head 8 is arranged at the top of metallic gasket 5, another mechanical test compressing head 8 is arranged at the below of base 11, two mechanical test compressing head 8 difference Holding seat 11 and metallic gaskets 5, and then clamping is placed in the expanded rubber sample 10 in metallic cavity 1, convenient and test the exactly expanded rubber swelling pressure.
The test of expanded rubber bulk modulus and the sample preparation device thereof of the present embodiment, that preparation and the bulk modulus thereof that integrates expanded rubber sample tested, the real-time control of important parameter and accurately test have been realized, effectively avoided the impact on test accuracy of the scale error that causes due to sample processing, at utmost simulation the duty of expanded rubber under thermal expansion technique full-scale condition, guarantee bulk modulus fast, test easily and accurately, for effectively controlling thermal expansion technique forming composite parts quality, provide safeguard.
Embodiment bis-
As Figure 4-Figure 6, the present embodiment provides a kind of test of expanded rubber bulk modulus and preparation method of sample thereof for the expanded rubber bulk modulus test as described in embodiment mono-and sample preparation device thereof, and the method comprises the following steps:
S00: need according to technique, expanded rubber raw material is mixed according to a certain percentage, be placed in vacuum environment and carry out de-bubble processing, then inject metallic cavity 1, start-up temperature control system 2 is controlled heater coil 3 heating of metal cavitys 1 to expanded rubber technological temperature, determine molding time, until 10 moulding of expanded rubber sample, in forming process, utilize pressure head 14 to guarantee that specimen surface is smooth, unnecessary raw material flows out from flash mouth 141, completes the preparation of expanded rubber sample 10.
Preferably, for example prepare two-component silicone rubber Sample A ircast3600.After (as: 10:1) mixes by a certain percentage by A component and B component, in vacuum environment, place and within 10 minutes, carry out de-soak processing.After de-soak finishes, raw material mixed liquor is slowly injected to metallic cavity 1, start-up temperature control system 2 is controlled heater coil 3 heating of metal cavitys 1 to 60 ℃ of expanded rubber technological temperatures, utilizes the second thermopair to reach after expanded rubber technological temperature, and in the moulding in standing 2 hours of 60 ℃ of conditions.
S01: the top that metallic gasket 5 is placed into expanded rubber sample 10, start-up temperature control system 2 is controlled heater coil 3, set respectively a plurality of temperature platforms, the reading of observing and record each temperature platform bottom offset measurement mechanism test metallic gasket 5 displacement changes, and obtains volume expansivity α
v, wherein, the displacement measuring device of the present embodiment is preferably dial gauge 4.
Preferably, step S01 implements according to following steps:
S011: start-up temperature control system 2 is controlled heater coil 3 heating, raises (reduction) temperature of metallic cavity 1, reaches temperature T;
In this embodiment, for two-component silicone rubber Sample A ircast3600, will be highly 30mm, the silicon rubber right cylinder that diameter is 25mm be positioned in metallic cavity 1, and the temperature T of heating can be 60 ℃, 90 ℃, 120 ℃, 150 ℃, 180 ℃.
S012: record the reading that displacement measuring device reaches steady state (SS);
In heating process, because expanded rubber heat-conduction coefficient is lower, expanded rubber temperature rising, the reading of dial gauge 4 constantly changes, and when reading reaches steady state (SS), records the reading of dial gauge 4.
S013: repeating step S011 and S012 successively, until a plurality of temperature platform has all recorded.
Utilize formula (1) to calculate its thermalexpansioncoefficientα.
Wherein, the elemental height of L-silicon rubber sample;
The height that after Δ L-heating, silicon rubber sample expands;
Δ T-with the temperature difference of room temperature.
By test, can draw swell increment linear increase along with the rising of temperature in Range of measuring temp of Aircast3600 silicon rubber.
Because Aircast3600 silicon rubber specimen cross sectional area is fixed, therefore, volume expansivity α
vcomputing formula be:
Wherein, the initial volume of V-silicon rubber sample;
The volume that after Δ V-heating, silicon rubber sample expands;
Δ T-with the temperature difference of room temperature.
Known according to formula (1) and formula (2), the thermalexpansioncoefficientα recording is volume expansivity α
v.
S02: the top that metallic gasket 5 is placed into expanded rubber sample 10, by two mechanical test compressing heads, 8 difference Holding seat 11 and metallic gaskets 5, adjustment contact is preset value, as 10 newton, and set mechanical test compressing head 8 for displacement constant-mode, start-up temperature control system 2 is controlled heater coil 3, sets respectively a plurality of temperature platforms, the reading of observing and record load register system 7 under each temperature platform changes, and obtains the swelling pressure changing value of expanded rubber sample 10
wherein, a plurality of temperature platforms in step S01 can be mutually corresponding with a plurality of temperature platforms in step S02, also can be not corresponding.
Preferably, step S02 implements according to following steps:
S021: start-up temperature control system 2 is controlled heater coils 3, raises (reduction) temperature of metallic cavity 1, reach temperature T ';
Within the scope of temperature T in the present embodiment ' can be set in room temperature to 180 ℃.
S022: record the reading that load register system 7 reaches steady state (SS);
In heating process, because expanded rubber heat-conduction coefficient is lower, expanded rubber temperature rising, the reading of load register system 7 constantly changes, and when reading reaches steady state (SS), records the reading of load register system 7.
S023: repeating step S021 and S022 successively, until a plurality of temperature platform all recorded, the swelling pressure by record change and temperature variation, obtain swelling pressure changing value
S03: obtain bulk modulus value K according to bulk modulus computing formula
vT.
Bulk modulus value K
vTcomputing formula be:
Wherein, the initial volume of Δ V-silicon rubber sample;
The pressure change amount of Δ P-silicon rubber sample;
The volume change of Δ V-silicon rubber sample.
By in formula (2) substitution formula (3), can obtain volume elastic mould value K
vTcomputing formula as follows:
Wherein, α
vthe volume expansivity of-silicon rubber sample;
The pressure change amount of Δ P-silicon rubber sample;
The temperature variation of the silicon rubber sample of Δ T-corresponding with Δ P.
Within the scope of room temperature to 180 ℃, the heat expansion pressure of Aircast3600 silicon rubber sample is along with temperature raises and linear increasing, the swelling pressure that the change in displacement obtaining according to thermal expansivity method of testing and heat expansion method for testing pressure obtain change, and finally obtain bulk modulus value K
vT.
By implementing said method, " trial and error " that can effectively change employing determines the present situation of thermal expansion technique heat expansion pressure, saved in a large number experimentation cost, guarantee by the measured bulk modulus of the present invention, to the Accurate Prediction of heat expansion pressure in actual process and effectively control, in Composite Thermal Expansion technology field, to be with a wide range of applications.
Above combination embodiment has been described know-why of the present invention.These are described is in order to explain principle of the present invention, and can not be interpreted as by any way limiting the scope of the invention.Explanation based on herein, those skilled in the art does not need to pay performing creative labour can associate other embodiment of the present invention, and these modes all will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the test of expanded rubber bulk modulus and sample preparation device thereof, is characterized in that,
Comprise metallic cavity (1), it comprises base (11) and metal barrel (12), and the outer race of described metal barrel (12) is provided with heater coil (3);
Pressure head (14), it coordinates with described metallic cavity (1) preparation of carrying out expanded rubber sample (10); Described pressure head (14) has the press section that can stretch in described metal barrel (12), and described pressure head (14) is provided with and runs through described press section and lead to the outside flash mouth (141) of described pressure head (14);
Temperature control system (2), controls described heater coil (3) in its preparation at described expanded rubber sample (10), volume expansivity test and heat expansion pressure test process and heats described metallic cavity (1);
Metallic gasket (5), the top that is arranged at described expanded rubber sample (10) in its test of volume expansivity at described expanded rubber sample (10) and heat expansion pressure test process, the inwall of described metallic gasket (5) shape and size and described metal barrel (12) is suitable;
Displacement measuring device, it is for measuring the change in displacement of described metallic gasket (5) at the volume expansivity test process of described expanded rubber sample (10);
Load acquisition system, the swelling pressure variation producing because of expanded by heating for measure described expanded rubber sample (10) in the heat expansion pressure test process of described expanded rubber sample (10), it comprises load register system (7) and two the mechanical test compressing heads (8) that are all connected with described load register system (7), described load register system (7) is for recording the swelling pressure of described expanded rubber sample (10) under different temperatures, described in one of them, mechanical test compressing head (8) is arranged at the top of described metallic gasket (5), described in another, mechanical test compressing head (8) is arranged at the below of described base (11).
2. expanded rubber bulk modulus test according to claim 1 and sample preparation device thereof, is characterized in that,
Described temperature control system (2) comprises the first thermopair (6) for detection of described metallic cavity (1) temperature, and described the first thermopair (6) is arranged in the first putting hole (121) on described metal barrel (12).
3. expanded rubber bulk modulus test according to claim 1 and sample preparation device thereof, is characterized in that,
On described pressure head (14), be provided with the second putting hole (142) that the second thermopair is installed.
4. expanded rubber bulk modulus test according to claim 1 and sample preparation device thereof, is characterized in that,
Described base (11) is connected with described metal barrel (12) by fastening bolt (13).
5. expanded rubber bulk modulus test according to claim 1 and sample preparation device thereof, is characterized in that,
Described displacement measuring device is dial gauge (4).
6. for the test of expanded rubber bulk modulus and the preparation method of sample thereof of the expanded rubber bulk modulus test described in claim 1-5 any one and sample preparation device thereof, it is characterized in that,
Comprise the following steps:
S00: need according to technique, expanded rubber raw material is mixed according to a certain percentage, be placed in vacuum environment and carry out de-bubble processing, then inject described metallic cavity (1), starting described temperature control system (2) controls described heater coil (3) and heats described metallic cavity (1) to expanded rubber technological temperature, determine molding time, until described expanded rubber sample (10) moulding, in forming process, utilize described pressure head (14) to guarantee that specimen surface is smooth, unnecessary raw material flows out from described flash mouth (141), complete the preparation of described expanded rubber sample (10),
S01: the top that described metallic gasket (5) is placed on to described expanded rubber sample (10), start described temperature control system (2) and control described heater coil (3), set respectively a plurality of temperature platforms, observe and record described displacement measuring device under each temperature platform and test the reading of described metallic gasket (5) displacement and change, volume calculated expansion coefficient;
S02: the top that described metallic gasket (5) is placed into described expanded rubber sample (10), two described mechanical test compressing heads (8) are clamped respectively to described base (11) and described metallic gasket (5), adjustment contact is preset value, and to set described mechanical test compressing head (8) be displacement constant-mode, start described temperature control system (2) and control described heater coil (3), set respectively a plurality of temperature platforms, the reading of observing and record described load register system (7) under each temperature platform changes, the swelling pressure of calculating described expanded rubber sample (10) change,
S03: obtain bulk modulus value according to bulk modulus computing formula.
7. expanded rubber bulk modulus test according to claim 6 and preparation method of sample thereof, is characterized in that,
Described step S01 implements according to following steps:
S011: start described temperature control system (2) and control described heater coil (3) heating, the temperature of described metallic cavity (1) is raise (reduction), reach temperature T;
S012: record the reading that described displacement measuring device reaches steady state (SS);
S013: repeating said steps S011 and S012 successively, until a plurality of temperature platform has all recorded.
8. expanded rubber bulk modulus test according to claim 6 and preparation method of sample thereof, is characterized in that,
Described step S02 implements according to following steps:
S021: start described temperature control system (2) and control described heater coil (3), the temperature of described metallic cavity (1) is raise (reduction), reach temperature T ';
S022: record the reading that described load register system (7) reaches steady state (SS);
S023: repeating said steps S021 and S022 successively, until a plurality of temperature platform has all recorded.
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