CN104180535A - Solar water heater - Google Patents

Solar water heater Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104180535A
CN104180535A CN201410079046.7A CN201410079046A CN104180535A CN 104180535 A CN104180535 A CN 104180535A CN 201410079046 A CN201410079046 A CN 201410079046A CN 104180535 A CN104180535 A CN 104180535A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat
insulating plate
vacuum
insulation
vacuum heat
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Application number
CN201410079046.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104180535B (en
Inventor
侯钦鹏
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Qingdao Kerui New Environmental Protection Materials Group Co Ltd
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Individual
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S60/00Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
    • F24S60/30Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/60Thermal insulation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20Solar thermal
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar water heater, which comprises a water tank for storing heated hot water, wherein the water tank is of a cubic structure, and a heat-preservation layer is arranged on the outside of the cubic structure; the heat-preservation layer is a heat-preservation building block; the heat-preservation building block is formed by seamlessly and closely combining a concrete substrate (1) and a vacuum insulation panel (2); the vacuum insulation panel (2) divides the concrete substrate (1) into two parts, and the two parts are closely adhered to form a sandwich structure; a mortise (3) and a glossal groove (4) are arranged on the left and right sides of the heat-preservation building block. The solar water heater is provided with the heat-preservation building block, so that the loss of heat is effectively prevented, and energy resources are saved.

Description

A kind of solar water heater
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of solar energy, relate in particular to a kind of solar water heater with insulation construction, belong to F24J field.
Background technology
Solar energy is a kind of inexhaustible clean energy resource, and stock number is huge, countries in the world are important using the utilization of solar energy as new energy development all, and the Chinese government also clearly proposes to want develop actively new forms of energy already at < < government work report > >.
Vacuum heat-insulating plate (Chinese patent CN102720922B) is based on vacuum insulation principle, by improving to greatest extent in plate vacuum filling, with sandwich layer heat-insulating material, realizes and reduces convection current and radiation heat transfer.Thermal conductivity factor can reach 0.003W/ (mK)~0.008W/ (mK), and performance is far superior to common heat-insulating material, can greatly reduce insulation layer thickness, thereby saves greatly space and material, and reduces the consumption of petroleum chemicals.
Along with the fast development of China's economy and the raising of living standards of the people, people are also more and more higher to the requirement of the comfort level of living, and improve residence comfort and will inevitably increase energy-output ratio in existing non-energy-saving residence.Non-heating region, especially southern area, the installation rate of air-conditioning surpasses 50%, and these will certainly aggravate China's energy-intensive.Now, the universal and development of insulation material just seems very urgent.Both high-strength light, energy-saving heat preserving again, but also want frivolous constructability.Insulation blocks in existing publication reduces thermal conductivity factor to improve empty rate and to increase heat insulation core material thickness, and not can solve the heat bridge effect of self seam crossing, and mortar joint place builds also cannot eliminate its heat bridge.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of solar water heater that improves heat insulation effect, and a kind of insulation blocks with heat insulation effect is provided simultaneously.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A solar water heater, described solar water heater comprises water tank, for storing the hot water of heating, described water tank is cube structure, in cube structural outer, heat-insulation layer is set.
Described heat-insulation layer is vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block, described vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block is to be closely composited by concrete substrate and vacuum heat-insulating plate gapless, vacuum heat-insulating plate is divided into two parts by concrete substrate, and with two parts tight bond, form sandwich structure; The left and right sides of insulation blocks is provided with tongue-and-groove and glossal canal.
A vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block, is characterized in that, is to be closely composited by concrete substrate and vacuum heat-insulating plate gapless, and vacuum heat-insulating plate is divided into two parts by concrete substrate, and with two parts tight bond, form sandwich structure; The left and right sides of insulation blocks is provided with tongue-and-groove and glossal canal.
Concrete substrate is divided into two parts, i.e. first and second portion, and vacuum heat-insulating plate is between first and second portion, and the thickness of described second portion is greater than the thickness of first, and described tongue-and-groove and glossal canal are arranged on second portion.
The position of offering of tongue-and-groove and glossal canal is positioned at the position of above close vacuum heat-insulating plate at the middle part of second portion.
In described second portion, fluting is set, syndeton is set in fluting, for connect two walls of fluting at thickness direction, syndeton can be preferably connecting struts.
The ratio of the thickness of the concrete thickness of first and corbeling is preferably 1:(0.7-1.8), the thickness proportion of first and second portion is preferably 1:(2.1-5), the length of fluting 7 accounts for the 45-78% of building block length, and the thickness of vacuum heat-insulating plate is 0.3-0.9 times of first.
Described concrete substrate, is characterized in that, comprises each component of following weight portion: quick-hardening cement 10-50 part, coarse aggregate 10-50 part, light-weight aggregate 10-50 part, flyash 10-50 part, polypropylene fibre 0.1-0.3 part, water reducer 0.1-0.3 part, calcium formate 0.2-0.3 part.
Polypropylene fibre can substitute with following fiber, and described fiber is one or more mixtures that form according to arbitrary proportion in glass chopped silk, super glass wool, flame cotton, aluminium silicate wool, ceramic fiber cotton, brucite fiber, foam, cotton, synthetic cotton.
Vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block is to pass through one-time cast-forming.The raw material of concrete substrate (1) is carried and is transported to Microcomputer Burden System through reamer, bucket, after being weighed successively by feed proportioning system, feed quick mixer, stir into slip upset with the water measuring and other additive and pour in die cavity in groups, bed die in die cavity is the preset core material of vacuum heat insulation plate of handling well.After vibrating casting concrete slurry, with Slicking apparatus, strike off above formwork.After concrete final set moulding, open limit mould, by automatically pressing from both sides machine integral body, hang out.Slough inner formword, obtain vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages of as follows:
1) solar water container insulation of equipment structure, has saved the energy.
2) vacuum heat-insulating plate that insulation blocks adopts, its thermal conductivity factor is below 0.008W/mK, the 0.04W/mK that heat-insulating property is compared the XPS (EPS) of current existing building block employing has improved more than 5 times, can save greatly space and material, and reduce the consumption of petroleum chemicals.
3) all there is slip feather groove the insulation blocks left and right sides, is convenient to rapid construction, is aided with a small amount of gap filler, can solve heat bridge effect, realizes lightweight, high-strength, ultra-thin, energy-conservation, insulation effect.
4) adopt closely compound special construction of concrete and insulation central layer, there is the features such as light load, high strength, heat preservation energy-saving, adhesive assembling construction.
5) insulation blocks can be gone along with sb. to guard him layer for forming building masonry wall insulation, quick construction, and after one-tenth wall, load is light.Meet framework, the requirement of frame-shear structure building to light load, high functionality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block.
Fig. 2 is the top view of vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of solar water heater.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment as shown in Figure 1, 2, vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block comprises vacuum heat-insulating plate and concrete substrate, and vacuum heat-insulating plate 2 is divided into two parts by concrete substrate 1, and with two parts tight bond, form sandwich structure, the left and right sides of insulation blocks is provided with tongue-and-groove 3 and glossal canal 4.
All there is slip feather groove the building block left and right sides, can guarantee that adjacent building block connects closely, is convenient to rapid construction, is aided with a small amount of gap filler, can solve heat bridge effect, realizes lightweight, high-strength, the effect of ultra-thin, energy-conservation, insulation.
Concrete substrate is divided into two parts, i.e. first 5 and second portion 6, and vacuum heat-insulating plate, between first and second portion, cuts off concrete substrate completely, has thoroughly eliminated the heat bridge effect being caused by concrete substrate.The thickness of described second portion 6 is greater than the thickness of first 5, and described tongue-and-groove 3 and glossal canal 4 are arranged on second portion.As a preferred embodiment, the position of offering of tongue-and-groove 3 and glossal canal 4 is positioned at the position of above close vacuum heat-insulating plate at the middle part of second portion.Therefore because the weight of first and heat-insulating shield is generally less than second portion, tongue-and-groove 3 and glossal canal 4 to be arranged on to the position of the center of gravity of building block.As a preferred embodiment, fluting 7 is set in described second portion, by fluting, can alleviate the weight of insulation blocks.
Preferably, in fluting 7, syndeton 8 is set, for connect two walls of fluting at thickness direction, can plays a supporting role simultaneously.Syndeton can be preferably connecting struts, and connecting struts can arrange a plurality of.
Preferably, joint pin arranges one, and is arranged on the central structure of fluting.
As a preferred embodiment, the dimensions of insulation blocks, for length * wide * height is 390 * 240 * 190 mm, collects along the upper and lower size 390mm of the direction of Fig. 2, and left and right is of a size of 240mm, along the short transverse of Fig. 1, is 190mm.
Preferably, first and second portion length and width are all identical.
Because as insulation blocks, should guarantee to have certain heat insulation effect, also will consider weight and the support strength of body of wall simultaneously, weight is more gently better, and support strength is the bigger the better, so the height of fluting, pillar, first, second portion has an optimum ratio.If vacuum heat-insulating plate is thicker, heat insulation effect is better, but bring be building block load bearing stength weaken the rising with cost, fluting size is larger, cost savings, but the weakening of the load bearing stength of the building block bringing.Therefore the present invention is the optimum size relation that the test data of the insulation blocks by a plurality of different sizes sums up.Physical relationship is as follows:
The ratio of the thickness of the concrete thickness of first and corbeling is preferably 1:(0.7-1.8), the thickness proportion of first and second portion is preferably 1:(2.1-5), the length of fluting 7 accounts for the 45-78% of building block length, the thickness of fluting 7 accounts for the 45-75% of second portion thickness, and the thickness of vacuum heat-insulating plate is 0.3-0.9 times of first.
Thickness noted earlier is the short transverse along building block, i.e. left and right directions in Fig. 2, and the length of fluting 4 refers to along the size of building block length direction.
By optimizing the dimensional parameters of building block and the thickness of vacuum heat-insulating plate, the strength grade of vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block can reach MU5.0, MU7.5, and masonry thermal resistance value can be according to demand at 2.0-5.0 m 2within the scope of K/W, adjust.
As a preferred embodiment of building block, as the structure of Fig. 1, can also slot in 7 vacuum heat-insulating plate is set at least one.Certainly, as preferred, can in two flutings 7, vacuum heat-insulating plate be all set, can guarantee better thermal insulation like this, thereby reach optimum heat insulation effect.
Preferably vacuum heat-insulating plate reserves certain interval with fluting 7 walls as one, can leave a blank in this gap, also can fill and have heat insulation and material protective effect.Preferably, have heat insulation and material protective effect be among gypsum, foaming plaster, foam cement, thermal insulation mortar, polyurathamc, foaming phenolic aldehyde, expanded polystyrene (EPS) etc. one or more.
A preferred embodiment, described concrete substrate is lightweight concrete matrix, each component that comprises following weight portion: quick-hardening cement 10-50 part, coarse aggregate 10-50 part, light-weight aggregate 10-50 part, flyash 10-50 part, polypropylene fibre 0.1-0.3 part, water reducer 0.1-0.3 part, calcium formate 0.2-0.3 part.
Embodiment 1 for concrete substrate is as follows:
20 parts of coarse aggregates, 20 parts of light-weight aggregates, 10 parts, flyash, 0.1 part of polypropylene fibre, 0.15 part of water reducer, 0.2 part of calcium formate, remaining is quick-hardening cement.
Embodiment 2 is as follows:
30 parts of quick-hardening cements, 20 parts of coarse aggregates, 20 parts of light-weight aggregates, 0.1 part of polypropylene fibre, 0.13 part of water reducer, 0.2 part of calcium formate, remaining is flyash.
Embodiment 3:
50 parts of quick-hardening cements, 10 parts of coarse aggregates, 10 parts of light-weight aggregates, 0.1 part of polypropylene fibre, 0.13 part of water reducer, 0.2 part of calcium formate, remaining is flyash.
The raw material of concrete substrate (1) is carried and is transported to Microcomputer Burden System through reamer, bucket, after being weighed successively by feed proportioning system, feed quick mixer, stir into half dry ash with the water measuring and other additive, upset poured the die cavity of vacuum heat-insulating plate into preset in one-shot forming, the demoulding after 15-30 vibration-extrusion second, mould divides upper and lower mould, after patrix lifts, the building block being shaped ejects from counterdie, obtains being of a size of the vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block of 390 * 240 * 190 mm or 390 * 190 * 190 mm.
As a preferred embodiment, polypropylene fibre can substitute with following fiber, described fiber is one or more mixtures that form according to arbitrary proportion in glass chopped silk, super glass wool, flame cotton, aluminium silicate wool, ceramic fiber cotton, brucite fiber, foam, cotton, synthetic cotton, its length is 3-12mm, and fibre diameter is 0.2-13 μ m.
Preferably, described fiber can be comprised of glass chopped silk, super glass wool, flame cotton, aluminium silicate wool, ceramic fiber cotton, and wherein the ratio of five kinds of compositions is 1:2:1.5:1:3.
By the ratio setting of above-mentioned fiber, can make heat insulation effect reach optimum result.
As an application of insulation blocks, insulation blocks can the attemperater for large-scale solar water heater in.
A solar water heater, described solar water heater comprises heat collector 9 and water tank 10, and water tank is for storing the hot water of heat collector heating, and described water tank is cube structure, in cube structural outer, heat-insulation layer is set.Described heat-insulation layer is above-mentioned vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block.
Why water tank is set is square structure, main because need corresponding with the profile of insulation blocks.
In addition, insulation blocks, as an application the most widely, is applied to building trade, exactly in the application of the insulation of architectural exterior-protecting construction.Along with the fast development of China's economy and the raising of living standards of the people, people are also more and more higher to the requirement of the comfort level of living, and improve residence comfort and will inevitably increase energy-output ratio in existing non-energy-saving residence.Insulation blocks disclosed by the invention is high-strength light both, energy-saving heat preserving again, but also want frivolous constructability.
Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, the present invention is not defined in this.Any those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, all can make various changes or modifications, so protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim limited range.

Claims (11)

1. a solar water heater, described solar water heater comprises water tank, and for storing the hot water of heating, described water tank is cube structure, and top is solar absorbing layer (11), in cube structural outer, heat-insulation layer (12) is set.
2. solar water heater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described heat-insulation layer is vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block, described vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block is to be closely composited by concrete substrate (1) and vacuum heat-insulating plate (2) gapless, vacuum heat-insulating plate (2) is divided into two parts by concrete substrate (1), and with two parts tight bond, form sandwich structure; The left and right sides of insulation blocks is provided with tongue-and-groove (3) and glossal canal (4).
3. a vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block, it is characterized in that, be to be closely composited by concrete substrate (1) and vacuum heat-insulating plate (2) gapless, and vacuum heat-insulating plate (2) is divided into two parts by concrete substrate (1), and with two parts tight bond, form sandwich structure; The left and right sides of insulation blocks is provided with tongue-and-groove (3) and glossal canal (4).
4. vacuum insulation composite heat insulation block according to claim 3, concrete substrate is divided into two parts, be first and second portion, vacuum heat-insulating plate is between first and second portion, the thickness of described second portion is greater than the thickness of first, and described tongue-and-groove and glossal canal are arranged on second portion.
5. vacuum insulation composite heat insulation block according to claim 4, the position of offering of tongue-and-groove and glossal canal is positioned at the position of above close vacuum heat-insulating plate at the middle part of second portion.
6. vacuum insulation composite heat insulation block according to claim 4, arranges fluting in described second portion, and syndeton is set in fluting, and for connect two walls of fluting at thickness direction, syndeton can be preferably connecting struts.
7. vacuum insulation composite heat insulation block according to claim 6, the ratio that it is characterized in that the thickness of the concrete thickness of first and corbeling is preferably 1:(0.7-1.8), the thickness proportion of first and second portion is preferably 1:(2.1-5), the length of fluting (7) accounts for the 45-78% of building block length, and the thickness of vacuum heat-insulating plate is 0.3-0.9 times of first.
8. vacuum insulation composite heat insulation block according to claim 3, described concrete substrate, it is characterized in that, each component that comprises following weight portion: quick-hardening cement 10-50 part, coarse aggregate 10-50 part, light-weight aggregate 10-50 part, flyash 10-50 part, polypropylene fibre 0.1-0.3 part, water reducer 0.1-0.3 part, calcium formate 0.2-0.3 part.
9. vacuum insulation composite heat insulation block according to claim 8, polypropylene fibre can substitute with following fiber, and described fiber is one or more mixtures that form according to arbitrary proportion in glass chopped silk, super glass wool, flame cotton, aluminium silicate wool, ceramic fiber cotton, brucite fiber, foam, cotton, synthetic cotton.
10. a method of manufacturing vacuum insulation composite heat insulation block described in claim 3: the raw material of concrete substrate (1) is carried and is transported to Microcomputer Burden System through reamer, bucket, after being weighed successively by feed proportioning system, feed quick mixer, stir into half dry ash with the water measuring and other additive, upset poured the die cavity of vacuum heat-insulating plate into preset in one-shot forming, the demoulding after 15-30 vibration-extrusion second, mould divides upper and lower mould, after patrix lifts, the building block being shaped ejects from counterdie, obtains vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block.
The purposes of 11. vacuum insulation composite heat insulation blocks according to claim 3, in the application of the insulation of architectural exterior-protecting construction.
CN201410079046.7A 2014-03-06 2014-03-06 A kind of vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block and manufacture method thereof Active CN104180535B (en)

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CN201410079046.7A CN104180535B (en) 2014-03-06 2014-03-06 A kind of vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block and manufacture method thereof

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410079046.7A CN104180535B (en) 2014-03-06 2014-03-06 A kind of vacuum heat-insulating plate composite heat insulation block and manufacture method thereof

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105019594A (en) * 2015-07-24 2015-11-04 泉州理工职业学院 Combined type novel warm-keeping heat-insulating brick

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2844271Y (en) * 2005-11-25 2006-12-06 甘肃省建材科研设计院 Light concrete sandwiched building block of fibrous reinforced microporous
CN101324375A (en) * 2007-06-08 2008-12-17 王惠余 Vacuum thermal insulation solar water heater
CN102330481A (en) * 2011-08-12 2012-01-25 常州美家爱节能科技有限公司 Thermal insulation block brick

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2844271Y (en) * 2005-11-25 2006-12-06 甘肃省建材科研设计院 Light concrete sandwiched building block of fibrous reinforced microporous
CN101324375A (en) * 2007-06-08 2008-12-17 王惠余 Vacuum thermal insulation solar water heater
CN102330481A (en) * 2011-08-12 2012-01-25 常州美家爱节能科技有限公司 Thermal insulation block brick

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105019594A (en) * 2015-07-24 2015-11-04 泉州理工职业学院 Combined type novel warm-keeping heat-insulating brick

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